Science &

Technolgy
AND NATION BUILDING
 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
01 Science and Technology (S&T)
pivotal role in shaping the
growth and progress of nations.

MODULE
02
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
INTRODUCTION Understand how the Philippines
is harnessing the power of S&T
to build a brighter future for its
citizens.

SOCIETY
03 Discuss what an ideal society is
and the importance of diversity
UN Sustainable Goals and the
Philippine Government's
in a society. Ambisyon Natin 2040
WHAT IS AN IDEAL
SOCIETY?
• Embodies the highest standards of
justice, equality, and well -being.
• Explored in philosophy, literature, and
social science.
• Generally, involves a harmonious and
equitable distribution of resources, a just
system of governance, and the
fulfillment of individual and collective
needs.
 PLATO’S REPUBLIC
• Explores the concept of an ideal state.
• In the Republic, Plato undertakes to show what justice is and why it is in each
person’s best interest to be just.
• According to Plato, the ideal state comprises three social classes: rulers,
guardians (or soldiers), and producers (e.g., farmers and craftsmen).
 PLATO’S REPUBLIC
• Corresponding to the three social classes are the three parts of the individual
soul —reason, spirit, and appetite —each of which has a particular object or desire.
• Reason understands the form of the Good and desires the actual good of the
individual, and the other two parts of the soul desire what it is good for them to
desire, so that spirit and appetite are activated by things that are healthy and
proper.
 KARL MARX’S COMMUNIST MANIFESTO
• The Communist Manifesto originally the Manifesto of the Communist Party, is a
political pamphlet written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels .
• Envisions a classless society based on communal ownership of resources.
• It aims to critique existing social structures and propose a path to a classless
society, focusing on the history of class struggles and the inevitable cycles of
revolution.
 THOMAS MORE’S UTOPIA
• Derived from the Greek for “no place” ( ou topos ) and coined by More, the word
utopia refers to an imaginary and perfect world, an ideally organized state.
• Describes an ideal society free from poverty, crime, and injustice.
THE HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT INDEX
(HDI)
• Developed by the United Nations Development
Programme (UNDP)
• A composite index measuring a country's
achievements in three basic dimensions
of human development:
• a long and healthy life (life expectancy at birth);
• access to knowledge (mean years of schooling and
expected years of schooling) and;
• a decent standard of living (Gross National Income
per capita).
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX
THE HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT INDEX
(HDI)
• The HDI provides a comprehensive measure
of human development and is used to
assess the overall progress of countries
worldwide.
COUNTRIES WITH THE HIGHEST HDI
COUNTRIES WITH THE LOWEST HDI
PHILIPPINES
THE HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT INDEX
(HDI)
• The HDI provides a valuable snapshot of
a country's overall human development.
• The HDI was created to emphasize that
people and their capabilities should be
the ultimate criteria for assessing the
development of a country, not economic
growth alone.
THE SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT GOALS
(SDGs)
• The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development, adopted by all United Nations
Member States in 2015, provides a shared
blueprint for peace and prosperity for people
and the planet, now and into the future.
• At its heart are the 17 Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs), which are an
urgent call for action by all countries -
developed and developing - in a global
partnership.
THE SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT GOALS
(SDGs)
• They recognize that ending poverty and
other deprivations must go hand -in-hand
with strategies that improve health and
education, reduce inequality, and spur
economic growth – all while tackling climate
change and working to preserve our oceans
and forests.
AMBISYON NATIN 2040
• In line with the UN's 17 Sustainable
Development Goals, the Philippines also
set out goals that the nation wishes to
achieve by the year 2040 --
called Ambisyon Natin 2040.
• Developed by the National Economic and
Development Authority (NEDA) launched
under the administration of President
Benigno Aquino III
• AmBisyon Natin 2040 is the Philippine
government’s long -term vision and
aspiration for the country, aiming to
create a prosperous, middle -class
society by the year 2040.
AMBISYON NATIN 2040
• Encapsulated in the phrase “Matatag ,
Maginhawa, at Panatag na Buhay”
• Matatag (Strongly Rooted): Families
are together, work -life balance is
achieved, and there is a strong sense
of community and volunteerism.
• Maginhawa (Comfortable): No one is
poor or hungry, everyone has a
comfortable home, quality education,
and decent jobs that provide
sustainable income.
• Panatag (Secure): Filipinos feel secure
throughout their lives, with resources
for unexpected expenses, savings,
and a safe environment.
AMBISYON NATIN 2040
• Serves as an anchor for development
planning across administrations, guiding
the country’s strategies and policies to
achieve these goals.
Key aspects of the Marcos
administration’s S&T agenda:
1. Digital Transformation: President Marcos emphasized
the importance of digital transformation in enhancing
public services, streamlining governance, and fostering
economic growth.
2. National Innovation Agenda: The National Innovation
Agenda and Strategy (NIASD) 2023 -2032 focuses on
fostering innovation across various sectors. Aims to
enhance our competitiveness and drive economic
development through S&T and innovation.
3. Support for R&D: Particularly in areas such as poverty
reduction, agriculture development, climate change, and
medicine. This includes providing resources and support
to scientists and researchers to drive advancements in
these critical fields.
Key aspects of the Marcos
administration’s S&T agenda:
4. Capability Development: This includes enhancing the
capabilities of various industries, such as
manufacturing, export, creative, and service industries.
5. Public Engagement and Education: Focus on bringing
science and technology closer to the public, especially
young students, through initiatives like the National
Science and Technology Week. This aims to inspire the
next generation of scientists and innovators.
STATUS OF SCIENCE
EDUCATION
• Science education in the Philippines
spans from elementary to higher
education levels.
• While there have been improvements,
challenges still exist in providing quality
science education across all levels.
• In elementary and secondary levels,
science education is integrated into the
curriculum to introduce students to
basic scientific concepts.
STATUS OF SCIENCE
EDUCATION
• However, there is a need for more hands -
on and inquiry-based approaches to
foster a deeper understanding of
scientific principles.
• In higher education, there is a growing
number of institutions offering STEM
courses, the quality of education and
research facilities varies.
• Some universities have strong science
programs with research opportunities,
while others struggle due to funding
constraints.
CHALLENGES IN
PROMOTING STEM
• Several challenges hinder the promotion
of STEM education in the country.
• Insufficient resources, both in terms of
laboratory equipment and trained
educators, hinder the delivery of
effective science education.
• Lack of awareness and interest among
students also contribute to the low
enrollment in STEM programs.
Indigenous S&T in the
Philippines: A Cultural
Heritage of Innovation
• Embody centuries of ingenious solutions
developed by local communities to
address their specific needs and
challenges.
• Innovations are deeply rooted in the
cultural and ecological contexts of the
diverse indigenous groups across the
archipelago.
Indigenous S&T in the
Philippines: A Cultural
Heritage of Innovation
• From farming techniques to
construction methods, these practices
showcase the intricate knowledge
passed down through generations.
CESAR NADALA

• Distinguished virologist and microbiologist with

extensive experience in both academic research and the
industry.
• Developing rapid diagnostic tests for various viral and
bacterial pathogens, such as Hepatitis B Virus (HBV),
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), and Hepatitis C
Virus (HCV). Notably, his team developed the SAMBA II
SARS -CoV -2 test for detecting COVID -19.
• Participant in the Balik Scientist Program.
• Establish the Virology and Vaccine Institute of the
Philippines (VIP); contributes his expertise to advance
local vaccine development and virology research
JURGENNE H. PRIMAVERA, PhD
• Filipina marine scientist celebrated for her extensive
research in mangrove ecosystem conservation.
• Made significant contributions to the sustainable use
and conservation of mangroves.
• Her work has been recognized globally, earning her the
title of one of Time magazine’s Heroes of the
Environment in 2008.
• She was also inducted into the National Academy of
Science and Technology (NAST) in 2015.
JOSETTE T. BIYO
• She earned her bachelor's degree in biological sciences
from the University of the Philippines Visayas in Miagao,
intending to continue to medical school.
• Instead, she took a teaching post and afterward earned
a Ph.D. in Biology from De La Salle University in Manila.
• Her dissertation examined seagrass community
dynamics on Guimaras Island.
DR. JONEL P. SALUDES
• A prominent chemist and researcher known for his work
in natural products chemistry and chemical biology.
• His research focuses on the chemical biology of natural
products, synthetic peptides, and their applications in
detecting nanoparticles and cancer metastasis.
• DOST Balik Scientist, contributing to the advancement
of scientific research in the Philippines.
DR. RAMON G. GUSTILO
• Renowned Filipino orthopedic surgeon who has made
significant contributions to the field.
• He is often referred to as the "father of orthopedics" in
the Philippines.
• Developed a widely used system for classifying open
fractures, which has greatly improved the treatment
outcomes of these injuries
• Companies that manufacture orthopedic implants and
devices, providing affordable options for patients in
Southeast Asia
1. Explain the role of science and technology in nation building.
Discuss how they contribute to social development, economic growth, and
improvement in the quality of life of citizens.
2. Describe the concept of an ideal society.
Choose ONE thinker (Plato, Karl Marx, or Thomas More) and explain how their
idea of an ideal society reflects justice, equality, or human well-being.
3. Analyze the Human Development Index (HDI) as a measure of national
progress.
Why is HDI considered a more comprehensive indicator of development than
economic growth alone?
4. Reflect on the question:
Can science and technology alone create an ideal society?
Defend your answer by considering social, ethical, and cultural factors.
THANK YOU