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(Prestigeon) Advanced Math - Easy

The document presents a series of advanced math problems and their solutions, covering topics such as quadratic equations, functions, and polynomial expressions. Each problem includes a correct answer and a detailed explanation of the reasoning behind it. The document serves as a study guide for understanding various mathematical concepts and problem-solving techniques.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
5 views15 pages

(Prestigeon) Advanced Math - Easy

The document presents a series of advanced math problems and their solutions, covering topics such as quadratic equations, functions, and polynomial expressions. Each problem includes a correct answer and a detailed explanation of the reasoning behind it. The document serves as a study guide for understanding various mathematical concepts and problem-solving techniques.

Uploaded by

John Smith
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Advanced Math - Easy

(x − 4k − 9)(x +
​ 4k − 9) = 0

In the given equation, k is a positive constant. The product of the solution to the equation is −99. What is the value of k ?

27

Explanation:
Correct Answer: 27

Explanation:

solutions of the given equation are 4k − 9 and − 4k − 9


​ ​

Since the product of the solution to the equation is −99, the situation can be expressed as
( 4k − 9)(− 4k − 9) = −99
​ ​

−(4k − 9) = −99
4k − 9 = 99
4k = 108
k = 27

Function f is a quadratic function. The graph of y = f (x) in the xy -plane has x-intercepts at (−4, 0) and (7, 0), contains the
point (4, −12), and has a y -intercept at (0, a). What is the value of a ?

-14

Explanation:
Correct Answer: -14

Explanation:

The quadratic function f can be expressed as f (x) = d(x + 4)(x − 7), where d is a constant.
Plug the point (4, 12) into the function: −12 = d(4 + 4)(4 − 7)
−12 = d(8)(−3)
d= 1 2​

So the quadratic function is f (x) = 12 (x + 4)(x − 7)


In order to find the y -intercept, plug x = 0 ; y = 12 (0 + 4)(0 − 7), which is −14


So, a = −14Correct Answer: B


3

Which of the following is equivalent to the expression x4 − 8x2 + 16 ?

I.(x + 2)2 (x − 2)2


2
II. x2 − 4
​ ​

A I only

B II only

C I and II

D Neither I nor II

Explanation:
Correct Answer: C

Explanation:

We need to find expressions equivalent to x4 − 8x2 + 16. This expression is a perfect square trinomial.

1. Factor the original expression:


Notice that x4 = (x2 )2 and 16 = 42 . Also, 8x2 = 2 ⋅ x2 ⋅ 4.
This fits the form a2 − 2ab + b2 = (a − b)2 .
So, x4 − 8x2 + 16 = (x2 − 4)2 . This shows that II is equivalent.

2. Evaluate Expression I: (x + 2)2 (x − 2)2


Recall the difference of squares formula: (x2 − 4) = (x − 2)(x + 2).
Therefore, (x2 − 4)2 = ((x − 2)(x + 2))2 .
Using the property (ab)n = an bn , we get ((x − 2)(x + 2))2 = (x − 2)2 (x + 2)2 .
This shows that I is equivalent to (x2 − 4)2 .

Since both I and II are equivalent to the original expression, the correct answer is I and II.

The point (2, −1) on the graph y = f (x) is shifted to which point on the graph of y = f (x + 2) ?

A (4, 1)

B (4, −1)

C (0, −1)

D (0, −3)

Explanation:
Correct Answer: C

Explanation:
We are given a point (2, −1) on the graph of y = f (x). We need to find its corresponding point on the graph of y = f (x + 2).

A transformation of the form y = f (x + c) represents a **horizontal shift**.


* If c > 0 (e.g., f (x + 2)), the graph shifts c units to the **left**.
* If c < 0 (e.g., f (x − 2)), the graph shifts ∣c∣ units to the **right**.
In this case, we have y = f (x + 2), which means c = 2. So, the graph shifts **2 units to the left**.

To find the new coordinates:


* The original x-coordinate is 2. Shifting 2 units to the left means subtracting 2 from the x-coordinate: 2 − 2 = 0.
* The y-coordinate remains unchanged for horizontal shifts. So, the new y-coordinate is −1.

Therefore, the point (2, −1) on y = f (x) shifts to (0, -1) on y = f (x + 2).

One of the factors of 4x3 + 52x2 + 168x is x + b, where b is a positive constant. What is the greatest possible value of b ?

Explanation:
Correct Answer: 7

Explanation:

The common factor of the given polynomial is 4x, so apply the distributive property 4x(x2 + 13x + 42)
The quadratic expression x2 + 13x + 42 can be factored as (x + 6)(x + 7).
4x3 + 52x2 + 168x = 4x(x + 6)(x + 7)
Therefore greatest value of b is 7

The amount, in micrograms, of a certain radioactive isotope h hours after its initial creation is modeled by the function
4
M (h) = 302(0.87)( 5 )h . According to the model, the amount of the isotope is predicted to decrease by d% every m minutes.

What is the sum of d and m?

88

Explanation:
7

x
h(x) = (0.87) 2 ​

p )x , where p is a constant.
The function h is defined by the given equation. The equation can be rewritten as h(x) = (1 − 100 ​

Which of the following is closest to the value of p?

A 74

B 26

C 13

D 7

Explanation: x
Correct Answer: D Explanation: By power of a power property of exponent, the function h can be rewritten as h(x) = (0.87) 2 = ​

1 x
((0.87) 2 ) .​

1 p )x yields bases are the same, (0.87) 12 = 1 − p .


h(x) = ((0.87) 2 )x = (1 − 100


100 ​

1 7 = 1 − p . Therefore, p = 7.
(0.87) 2 ≈ 0.93 = 1 − 0.07 = 1 − 100

100 ​

k 2 − 11 = 70

What is the negative solution to the given equation?

A −81

B −59

C −35

D −9

Explanation:
Correct Answer: D

Explanation:

Adding 11 to the both sides of the equation gives j 2 = 81


j = 9 or −9
So, the negative solution to the given equation is −9
9

h(x) = −12(3x )

Which table gives three values of x and their corresponding values of h(x) for function h?

Explanation:
Correct Answer: D

Explanation:

Plug in x = −1 : h(−1) = −12(3−1 ) = (−12)( 13 ) = −4


Plug in x = 0 : h(0) = −12(30 ) = (−12)1 = −12


Plug in x = 1 : h(1) = −12(31 ) = (−12)(3) = −36
10

The graph of the equation y = 3x + k is shown, where k is a constant. What is the value of k ?

A 9

B 8

C −8

D −9

Explanation:
Correct Answer: D

Explanation:

In the graph of equation y = 3x + k , the y -intercept is −8.


So, plug x = 0 into the equation, y = 1 + k that is equal to −8
So, k = −9
11

3x2 + x − 2 = 0

The solutions to the quadratic equation above are a and b. What is the value of a + b ?

A −5
3 ​

B −1
3 ​

C 1
3 ​

D 5
3 ​

Explanation:
Correct Answer: B

Explanation:

The quadratic equation is 3x2 + x − 2 = 0.


For a quadratic equation in the standard form ax2 + bx + c = 0, the sum of its solutions (roots), a + b, is given by the formula − ab .

1. Identify a, b, and c from the equation:


a=3
b=1
c = −2

2. Apply the sum of roots formula:


Sum of solutions = − ab = − 13 .
​ ​

Therefore, the value of a + b is − 13 .



12

The function y = x(8 − x) is graphed in the xy -plane above. The length of AB of isosceles triangle ABC is 4 and AB is
parallel to the x-axis. What is the area of the triangle?

24

Explanation:
Correct Answer: 24

Explanation

The area of the triangle is **24** square units.

To find the area, we need the triangle's base and height. The base is given as 4, so we must find the height.

# Step 1: Find the Coordinates of the Vertices

First, we need to locate the triangle's vertices (A, B, and C) on the coordinate plane.

1. **Find the Parabola's Axis of Symmetry.**


The equation is y = x(8 − x), or y = −x2 + 8x. The axis of symmetry for a parabola (y = ax2 + bx + c) is found with the formula
x = −b/(2a).
* x = -8 / (2 * -1) = 4
The axis of symmetry is the vertical line **x = 4**.

2. **Find the Coordinates of C.**


Because the triangle is isosceles and its base AB is horizontal, the vertex C must lie on the axis of symmetry. The diagram shows C
is on the x-axis, so its coordinates are **(4, 0)**.

3. **Find the Coordinates of A and B.**


The base AB has a length of 4 and is centered on the axis of symmetry (x=4). This means A and B are each 2 units away from the
line x=4.
* x-coordinate of A = 4 - 2 = **2**
* x-coordinate of B = 4 + 2 = **6**
To find the y-coordinate, plug either x-value into the parabola's equation:
* y = 8(2) - (2)² = 16 - 4 = **12**
So, the coordinates are A(2, 12) and B(6, 12).

## Step 2: Calculate the Area

Now we can find the height and calculate the area.

* **Base:** The length of AB is given as **4**.


* **Height:** The height is the vertical distance from the base AB (at y=12) to the vertex C (at y=0).
* Height = 12 - 0 = **12**
* **Area:** Use the formula `Area = 1/2 * base * height`.
* Area = 1/2 * 4 * 12 = 2 * 12 = **24**

13

When b is a positive constant, the expression 25 (a + b)(a − b) can also be written as 25 a2 − 4. Which of the following is the
​ ​

value of b ?

A 2

B 10​

C 4

D 10

Explanation:
Correct Answer: B

Explanation:

We are given that the expression 25 (a + b)(a − b) is equivalent to 25 a2 − 4. We need to find the value of b, where b is a positive
​ ​

constant.

1. **Expand the left side of the equivalence:**


Recall the difference of squares formula: (a + b)(a − b) = a2 − b2 .
So, 2 2 2 2
5 (a + b)(a − b) = 5 (a − b ).
​ ​

Distribute the 25: ​

2 a 2 − 2 b2 .
5​

5 ​

2. **Set the expanded form equal to the given equivalent expression:**


2 a2 − 2 b2 = 2 a2 − 4.
5​

5 5 ​ ​

3. **Solve for b:**


Subtract 2 2
5 a from both sides:

−2 2
5 b = −4.

Multiply both sides by 5:


−2b2 = −20.
Divide by -2:
b2 = 10.
4. **Find the value of b:**
Take the square root of both sides: b = ± 10. ​

Since the problem states that b is a **positive constant**, we choose the positive value:
b= 10. ​

14

j
x2 + 2kx =
3

In the quadratic equation above, j and k are constants. What are the solutions for x ?

A 3(3k 2 +j )
x = −k ±

3 ​

B 3(3k 2 +j )
x = −6k ±

3 ​

C 3(3k 2 +j )
x = −k ±

6 ​

D x = −6k ± k + 33j

Explanation:
Correct Answer: A

Explanation:

The given quadratic equation is x2 + 2kx = 3j . We need to find the solutions for x. First, rewrite the equation in standard quadratic

form Ax2 + Bx + C = 0.

1. **Rearrange the equation:**


x2 + 2kx − 3j = 0 ​

2. **Identify coefficients A, B, C :**


A=1
B = 2k
C = − 3j ​

3. **Apply the quadratic formula:**


x = −B± 2A B 2 −4AC ​

−(2k)± (2k)2 −4(1)(− 3j )


x=
​ ​

2(1) ​

−2k± 4k 2 + 4j3
x=
​ ​

2 ​

4. **Simplify the expression under the square root:**


Find a common denominator for 4k 2 + 4j 3:
2 4j 12k 2 +4j 4(3k 2 +j)

2 4j 12k
4k + 3 = 3 + 3 = =

3 ​

3 ​ ​ ​

5. **Substitute the simplified radical back into the formula:**


−2k± 4(3k 2 +j)
x= 3 ​ ​

2
4 3k 2 +j

−2k±
​ ​

x= 3 ​

2

2 3k 2 +j

−2k±

x= 3 ​

2

6. **Rationalize the denominator inside the square root and simplify the entire expression:**
3k 2 +j
Multiply by 33 :

3 ​
​ ​

2 2
3k 2 +j 3 3(3k 2 +j)
=
​ ​ ​

3 2 3(3k32 +j)
​ ​

−2k± 3
So, x = 2 ​

Divide all terms by 2:


3(3k 2 +j)
x = −k ± .

3 ​

15

In the equation 18 − k2 x2
x2 +k 2 = x2 +k 2 , k is a positive constant. Which of the following is one of the solutions to the

equation?

A k

B k 2 − 182

C k 2 + 182 ​

D 182 − k 2 ​

Explanation:
16

f (x)
The table shows three values of x and their corresponding values of g(x), where g(x) = x−2 − 1 and f is a linear function.

What is the x−intercept of the graph of y = f (x) in the xy−plane?

A (−56, 0)

B (−28, 0)

C (9, 0)

D (8, 0)

Explanation:
Correct Answer: D

Explanation:

To find the solution, first rearrange the equation to f (x) = (g(x) + 1)(x − 2). Using the table, find two points on the linear function
f (x):
f (0) = (27 + 1)(0 − 2) = −56, which gives the point (0, -56).
f (23) = (4 + 1)(23 − 2) = 105, which gives the point (23, 105).

The line through these points has a slope of m = 105−(−56)


23−0 = 7 and a y-intercept of b = −56. The function is f (x) = 7x − 56. Set

f (x) = 0 to find the x-intercept: 0 = 7x − 56, which gives x = 8.


17

What is the x−coordinate of the x−intercept of the graph shown?

-4

Explanation:
Correct Answer: -4

Explanation:

The x−intercept is the intersection between the graph and the x−axis.

18

The function h is defined by h(x) = 34 (x + 2 − k)(x − 2 + k). The value of h(c − 9) is 0. If c and k are constants, what is the

possible value of c2 − k 2 ?

77

Explanation:
Correct Answer: 77

Explanation:

3 (c − 9 + 2 − k)(c − 9 − 2 + k)
4​

3 (c − k − 7)(c + k − 11) = 0
4​

c − k = 7orc + k = 11
(c − k)(c + k) = 7 × 11 = 77
19

4
(4x − 9)(x − 4k − 9)(x + 4k − 9) = 0
9
​ ​ ​

In the given equation, k is a positive constant. The product of the solution to the equation is −99. What is the value of k ?

53/4, 13.25

Explanation:
Correct Answer: 53/4, 13.25

Explanation:

Solutions of the given equation are 94 , 4k − 9, and − 4k − 9.


​ ​ ​

Since the product of the solution to the equation is −99, the situation can be expressed as 94 ( 4k − 9)(− 4k − 9) = −99
​ ​ ​

Multiplying both sides by 49 gives ( 4k − 9)(− 4k − 9) = −44.


​ ​ ​

Simplifying the radical expression gives −(4k − 9) = −44, which is 4k − 9 = 44.


Adding 9 to both sides gives 4k = 53.
Dividing both sides by 4 gives k = 53
4. ​

20

Each year the value of an investment increases by 2.5% of the previous year's value. The initial value of the investment was
$500. Which equation gives the value of the investment y , in dollars, x years after the initial investment was made?

A y = 500(0.25)x

B y = 500(1.025)x

C y = 500(1.25)x

D y = 500(2.5)x

Explanation:
Correct Answer: B

Explanation:

The value of an investment increases by a percentage of the previous year's value each year. This is a characteristic of exponential
growth.

The general formula for exponential growth is y = P (1 + r)x , where:


* y is the final value.
* P is the initial value.
* r is the annual growth rate (as a decimal).
* x is the number of years.

In this problem:
* Initial value (P ) = $500
* Annual increase rate (r) = 2.5% = 0.025
Substitute these values into the formula:
y = 500(1 + 0.025)x
y = 500(1.025)x .

21

What is the y -coordinate of the y -intercept of the graph of y = 3x + 9 ?

10

Explanation:
Correct Answer: 10

Explanation:

The y-intercept of a graph is the point where the graph crosses the y-axis. This occurs when the x-coordinate is 0.
The equation of the graph is y = 3x + 9.

To find the y-coordinate of the y-intercept, substitute x = 0 into the equation:


y = 30 + 9
Remember that any non-zero number raised to the power of 0 is 1 (30 = 1).
y =1+9
y = 10.

The y-intercept is the point (0, 10), so its y-coordinate is 10.

22

y = 5x
y = x2

A solution to the given system of equations is (x, y), where x > 1. What is the value of x?

Explanation:
Correct Answer: 5

Explanation:

Substituting x2 for y in the first equation yields x2 = 5x. Subtracting 5x on both sides of the equation yields x2 − 5x = 0.
Factoring the left side of the equation yields x(x − 5) = 0. By the zero product property, it follows that x = 0 or (x − 5) = 0. Adding
5 on both sides of the second equation yields x = 5. It is given that x > 1, so the correct answer is 5.

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