D & F BLOCK ELEMENTS (NCERT EXAMPLER)
1. Electronic configuration of a transition element X in +3 oxidation state is [Ar]3d 5. What is its atomic number?
(i) 25
(ii) 26
(iii) 27
(iv) 24
2. The electronic configuration of Cu(II) is 3d 9 whereas that of Cu(I) is 3d10. Which of the following is correct?
(i) Cu(II) is more stable
(ii) Cu(II) is less stable
(iii) Cu(I) and Cu(II) are equally stable
(iv) Stability of Cu(I) and Cu(II) depends on nature of copper salts
3. Metallic radii of some transition elements are given below. Which of these elements will have highest density?
Element Fe Co Ni Cu
Metallic radii/pm 126 125 125 128
(i) Fe
(ii) Ni
(iii) Co
(iv) Cu
4. Generally transition elements form coloured salts due to the presence of unpaired electrons. Which of the following compounds will be coloured in
solid state?
(i) Ag2SO4
(ii) CuF2
(iii) ZnF2
(iv) Cu2Cl2
5. On addition of small amount of KMnO4 to concentrated H2SO4, a green oily compound is obtained which is highly explosive in nature. Identify the
compound from the following.
(i) Mn2O7
(ii) MnO2
(iii) MnSO4
(iv) Mn2O3
6. The magnetic nature of elements depends on the presence of unpaired electrons. Identify the configuration of transition element, which shows
highest magnetic moment.
(i) 3d7
(ii) 3d5
(iii) 3d8
(iv) 3d2
7. Which of the following oxidation state is common for all lanthanoids?
(i) +2
(ii) +3
(iii) +4
(iv) +5
8. Which of the following reactions are disproportionation reactions?
(i) a, b
(ii) a, b, c
(iii) b, c, d
(iv) a, d
9. When KMnO4 solution is added to oxalic acid solution, the decolourisation is slow in the beginning but becomes instantaneous after some time
because
(i) CO2 is formed as the product.
(ii) Reaction is exothermic.
(iii) MnO4 – catalyses the reaction.
(iv) Mn2+ acts as autocatalyst.
10. There are 14 elements in actinoid series. Which of the following elements does not belong to this series?
(i) U
(ii) Np
(iii) Tm
(iv) Fm
11. KMnO4 acts as an oxidising agent in acidic medium. The number of moles of KMnO4 that will be needed to react with one mole of sulphide ions
in acidic solution is
(i) 2
5
(ii) 3
5
(iii) 4
5
(iv) 1
5
12. Which of the following is amphoteric oxide?
Mn2O7, CrO3, Cr2O3, CrO, V2O5, V2O4
(i) V2O5, Cr2O3
(ii) Mn2O7, CrO3
(iii) CrO, V2O5
(iv) V2O5, V2O4
13. Gadolinium belongs to 4f series. It’s atomic number is 64. Which of the following is the correct electronic configuration of gadolinium?
(i) [Xe] 4f 75d16s2
(ii) [Xe] 4f 65d26s2
(iii) [Xe] 4f 86d2
(iv) [Xe] 4f 95s123/04/18
14. Interstitial compounds are formed when small atoms are trapped inside the crystal lattice of metals. Which of the following is not the
characteristic property of interstitial compounds?
(i) They have high melting points in comparison to pure metals.
(ii) They are very hard.
(iii) They retain metallic conductivity.
(iv) They are chemically very reactive.
15. The magnetic moment is associated with its spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum. Spin only magnetic moment value of Cr3+
ion is
___________.
(i) 2.87 B.M.
(ii) 3.87 B.M.
(iii) 3.47 B.M.
(iv) 3.57 B.M.
16. KMnO4 acts as an oxidising agent in alkaline medium. When alkaline KMnO4 is treated with KI, iodide ion is oxidised to ____________.
(i) I2
(ii) IO–
(iii) IO3
(iv) IO4
17. Which of the following statements is not correct?
(i) Copper liberates hydrogen from acids.
(ii) In its higher oxidation states, manganese forms stable compounds with oxygen and fluorine.
(iii) Mn3+ and Co3+ are oxidising agents in aqueous solution.
(iv) Ti2+ and Cr2+ are reducing agents in aqueous solution.
18. When acidified K2Cr2O7 solution is added to Sn2+ salts then Sn2+ changes to
(i) Sn
(ii) Sn3+
(iii) Sn4+
(iv) Sn+
19. Highest oxidation state of manganese in fluoride is +4 (MnF4) but highest oxidation state in oxides is +7 (Mn2O7) because ____________.
(i) fluorine is more electronegative than oxygen.
(ii) fluorine does not possess d-orbitals.
(iii) fluorine stabilises lower oxidation state.
(iv) in covalent compounds fluorine can form single bond only while oxygen forms double bond.
20. Although Zirconium belongs to 4d transition series and Hafnium to 5d transition series even then they show similar physical and chemical
properties because___________.
(i) both belong to d-block.
(ii) both have same number of electrons.
(iii) both have similar atomic radius.
(iv) both belong to the same group of the periodic table.
21. Why is HCl not used to make the medium acidic in oxidation reactions of KMnO4 in acidic medium?
(i) Both HCl and KMnO4 act as oxidising agents.
(ii) KMnO4 oxidises HCl into Cl2 which is also an oxidising agent.
(iii) KMnO4 is a weaker oxidising agent than HCl.
(iv) KMnO4 acts as a reducing agent in the presence of HCl.
II. Multiple Choice Questions (Type-II)
Note : In the following questions two or more options may be correct.
22. Generally transition elements and their salts are coloured due to the presence of unpaired electrons in metal ions. Which of the following
compounds are
coloured?
(i) KMnO4
(ii) Ce (SO4)2
(iii) TiCl4
(iv) Cu2Cl2
23. Transition elements show magnetic moment due to spin and orbital motion of electrons. Which of the following metallic ions have almost same
spin only magnetic moment?
(i) Co2+
(ii) Cr2+
(iii) Mn2+
(iv) Cr3+
24. In the form of dichromate, Cr (VI) is a strong oxidising agent in acidic medium but Mo (VI) in MoO3 and W (VI) in WO3 are not because
___________.
(i) Cr (VI) is more stable than Mo(VI) and W(VI).
(ii) Mo(VI) and W(VI) are more stable than Cr(VI).
(iii) Higher oxidation states of heavier members of group-6 of transition series are more stable.
(iv) Lower oxidation states of heavier members of group-6 of transition series are more stable.
25. Which of the following actinoids show oxidation states upto +7?
(i) Am
(ii) Pu
(iii) U
(iv) Np
26. General electronic configuration of actionoids is (n–2)f 1–14 (n-1)d 0–[Link] of the following actinoids have one electron in 6d orbital?
(i) U (Atomic no. 92)
(ii) Np (Atomic no.93)
(iii) Pu (Atomic no. 94)
(iv) Am (Atomic no. 95)
27. Which of the following lanthanoids show +2 oxidation state besides the characteristic oxidation state +3 of lanthanoids?
(i) Ce
(ii) Eu
(iii) Yb
(iv) Ho
28. Which of the following ions show higher spin only magnetic moment value?
(i) Ti3+
(ii) Mn2+
(iii) Fe 2+
(iv) Co3+
29. Transition elements form binary compounds with halogens. Which of the following elements will form MF3 type compounds?
(i) Cr
(ii) Co
(iii) Cu
(iv) Ni
30. Which of the following will not act as oxidising agents?
(i) CrO3
(ii) MoO3
(iii) WO3
(iv) CrO4
2–
31. Although +3 is the characteristic oxidation state for lanthanoids but cerium
also shows +4 oxidation state because ___________.
(i) it has variable ionisation enthalpy
(ii) it has a tendency to attain noble gas configuration
(iii) it has a tendency to attain f 0 configuration
(iv) it resembles Pb4+23/04/18
III. Short Answer Type
32. Why does copper not replace hydrogen from acids?
33. Why EV values for Mn, Ni and Zn are more negative than expected?
34. Why first ionisation enthalpy of Cr is lower than that of Zn ?
35. Transition elements show high melting points. Why?
36. When Cu2+ ion is treated with KI, a white precipitate is formed. Explain the reaction with the help of chemical equation.
37. Out of Cu2Cl2 and CuCl2, which is more stable and why?
38. When a brown compound of manganese
(A) is treated with HCl it gives a gas
(B). The gas taken in excess, reacts with NH3 to give an explosive compound
(C). Identify compounds A, B and C.
39. Although fluorine is more electronegative than oxygen, but the ability of oxygen to stabilise higher oxidation states exceeds that of fluorine.
Why?
40. Although Cr3+ and Co2+ ions have same number of unpaired electrons but the magnetic moment of Cr3+ is 3.87 B.M. and that of Co2+ is 4.87 B.M.
Why?
41. Ionisation enthalpies of Ce, Pr and Nd are higher than Th, Pa and U. Why?
42. Although Zr belongs to 4d and Hf belongs to 5d transition series but it is quite difficult to separate them. Why?
43. Although +3 oxidation states is the characteristic oxidation state of lanthanoids but cerium shows +4 oxidation state also. Why?
44. Explain why does colour of KMnO4 disappear when oxalic acid is added to its solution in acidic medium.
45. When orange solution containing Cr2O7 2– ion is treated with an alkali, a yellow solution is formed and when H+ ions are added to yellow solution,
an orange solution is obtained. Explain why does this happen?
46. A solution of KMnO4 on reduction yields either a colourless solution or a brown precipitate or a green solution depending on pH of the solution.
What different stages of the reduction do these represent and how are they carried out?
47. The second and third rows of transition elements resemble each other much more than they resemble the first row. Explain why?
48. EV of Cu is + 0.34V while that of Zn is – 0.76V. Explain.
49. The halides of transition elements become more covalent with increasing oxidation state of the metal. Why?
50. While filling up of electrons in the atomic orbitals, the 4s orbital is filled before the 3d orbital but reverse happens during the ionisation of the
atom. Explain why?
51. Reactivity of transition elements decreases almost regularly from Sc to Cu. Explain.
IV. Matching Type
Note : Match the items of Column I and Column II in the following questions.
V. Assertion and Reason Type
Note : In the following questions a statement of assertion followed by a statement
of reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
(i) Both assertion and reason are true, and reason is the correct explanation
of the assertion.23/04/18
114Exemplar Problems, Chemistry
(ii) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation
of assertion.
(iii) Assertion is not true but reason is true.
(iv) Both assertion and reason are false.
59. Assertion : Cu2+ iodide is not known.
Reason : Cu2+ oxidises I– to iodine.
60. Assertion : Separation of Zr and Hf is difficult.
Reason : Because Zr and Hf lie in the same group of the periodic table.
61. Assertion : Actinoids form relatively less stable complexes as compared to lanthanoids.
Reason : Actinoids can utilise their 5f orbitals along with 6d orbitals in bonding but lanthanoids do not use their 4f orbital for bonding.
62. Assertion : Cu cannot liberate hydrogen from acids.
Reason : Because it has positive electrode potential.
63. Assertion : The highest oxidation state of osmium is +8.
Reason : Osmium is a 5d-block elemen
VI. Long Answer Type
64. When a chromite ore (A) is fused with sodium carbonate in free excess of air and the product is dissolved in water, a yellow solution of
compound (B) is obtained. After treatment of this yellow solution with sulphuric acid, compound (C) can be crystallised from the solution. When
compound (C) is treated with KCl, orange crystals of compound (D) crystallise out. Identify A to D and also explain the reactions.
65. Identify A to E and also explain the reactions involved.
66. When an oxide of manganese (A) is fused with KOH in the presence of an oxidising agent and dissolved in water, it gives a dark green solution of
compound (B). Compound (B) disproportionates in neutral or acidic solution to give purple compound (C). An alkaline solution of compound (C)
oxidises potassium iodide solution to a compound (D) and compound (A) is also formed.
Identify compounds A to D and also explain the reactions involved.
67. On the basis of Lanthanoid contraction, explain the following :
(i) Nature of bonding in La2O3 and Lu2O3.
(ii) Trends in the stability of oxo salts of lanthanoids from La to Lu.
(iii) Stability of the complexes of lanthanoids.
(iv) Radii of 4d and 5d block elements.
(v) Trends in acidic character of lanthanoid oxides.
68. (a) Answer the following questions :
(i) Which element of the first transition series has highest second ionisation enthalpy?
(ii) Which element of the first transition series has highest third ionisation enthalpy?
(iii) Which element of the first transition series has lowest enthalpy of atomisation?
(b) Identify the metal and justify your answer.
(i) Carbonyl M (CO)5
(ii) MO3F
69. Mention the type of compounds formed when small atoms like H, C and N get trapped inside the crystal lattice of transition metals. Also give
physical and chemical characteristics of these compounds.
70. (a) Transition metals can act as catalysts because these can change their oxidation state. How does Fe(III) catalyse the reaction between iodide
and persulphate ions?
(b) Mention any three processes where transition metals act as catalysts.
71. A violet compound of manganese (A) decomposes on heating to liberate oxygen and compounds (B) and (C) of manganese are formed.
Compound (C) reacts with KOH in the presence of potassium nitrate to give compound (B). On heating compound (C) with conc. H2SO4 and NaCl,
chlorine gas is liberated and a compound (D) of manganese along with other products is formed.
Identify compounds A to D and also explain the reactions involved.