Economics Class X Important Questions

1. What is development? Mention two aspects of development. 3

Ans : Development is a positive growth or change in economical, social and political aspects
of a country. Two aspects of development are:
(a) Economic development or rise in income of the people
(b) Social development which includes education, health and public services

2. What is meant by economic development? Write two basis of measuring economic development 3
of a country.

Ans : Economic development is a sustained increase in real per capita income that promotes
economic welfare by reducing poverty, unemployment and inequalities in distribution of
income.

The two basis of measuring economic development are:

(a) Quality of life and environmental sustainability

(b) Per capita income.

3. ‘Development for one may be the destruction for other.’ Do you agree with the statement? 3
Justify your answer.

Ans : I certainly agree with the statement that development for one may be the destruction for
other. People have different developmental goals. They seek what is most important for
them and fulfill their aspirations and desires. For example, the establishment of a dam
leads to infrastructural development, generation of electricity, etc., but at the same time,
it may lead to the large-scale displacement of people, loss of livelihood, shelter, etc. of
the people living near the proposed dam site. Hence, construction of dam may be
development for some, but may be destruction for others.

4. Besides income, what are other six things people may look for growth and development? 3

Ans : Apart from income, the six things people look for growth and development are:

(a) peace.

(b) good health.

(c) regular and sufficient income.

(d) good working conditions.

(e) desirable living standard.

(f) equal and humane treatment.

5. Why do different persons have different notions of development? Which of the following 3
explanations is more important and why?
(a) Because people are different.
(b) Because life situations of persons are different.
Ans : Different people have different notions of development because different people have
different aspirations, hobbies and interests.
The second explanation is more important about different notions of development for
different people. The development needs of a person depend on the situation around
him. This can be illustrated with a simple example which is as follows.
If a person is living in a remote village, which is not accessible by road, then
construction of an allweather road would be the developmental need for that person.
On the other hand, if a person is living in a metro city and finds it difficult to commute to
his workplace, construction of rapid transit system would be the developmental need for
that person.

6. Do the following two statements mean the same? Justify your answer. 3
(a) People have different developmental goals.
(b) People have conflicting developmental goals.

Ans : Both the statements are true but their meanings are different. Two people may have
different developmental goals but they need not always be conflicting. For example, the
construction of a flyover to reduce waiting period at a railway crossing can be a
developmental goal for an office goer. But if the construction of the flyover necessitates
demolition of slums, it can be contradictory for the slum dwellers. But on the other
hand, 24-hour electricity supply would be a developmental goal for almost each and
every person.

7. What is Human Development Index (HDI)? Name its variables. 3

Ans : The Human Development Index (HDI) is a tool developed by the United Nations to
measure a country’s overall achievement in its social and economic dimensions. The
HDI ranks countries on the basis of per capita income, health of people, their level of
education and their standard of living.
The three variables of Human Development Index are:
(a) long and healthy life. (b) knowledge.
(c) a decent standard of living.

8. Kerala, with low per capita, has a better human development ranking than Maharashtra. Hence, 3
per capita income is not useful criterion at all and should not be used to compare states. Do you
agree?

Ans : It is true that per capita income is not the only criterion behind human development.
Factors like infant mortality rate, literacy rate and net attendance ratio are also very
crucial for overall human development. In these factors, Kerala is better than
Maharashtra. However, if we are interested only in comparing two or more states in
terms of production and income generated, then per capita income is an important
criterion.

9. ‘While average income is useful for comparison, but it may hide disparities.’ Discuss. 3

Ans : Per capita income or average income as an important criterion for development is
considered to be one of the most important attributes for comparing countries but it has
the following limitations.
(a) It does not tell us anything about the distribution of income. A poor country with a
more equal distribution of income would be better than a richer country with an unequal
distribution of income.
(b) It does not measure various facilities and services that influence quality of life such
as health facilities, education facilities and equal treatment.
(c) It is affected by the size of population. Even with a large national income, per capita
income will be low if a country has large population.

10. Identify the different thrust areas of human development. Which one of them plays the most 3
significant role in the development?
Ans : The following are the thrust areas of human development.

(a) Health

(b) Gender equality

(c) Women empowerment

Health is the most important thrust area and plays the most important role in
development because a healthy person will have a sound mind. He will be able to
develop a positive outlook, accept challenges and use the resources in a desirable way.

11. What is sustainable development? Suggest any two ways in which resources can be used 3
judiciously.

Ans : Sustainable development refers to the development without hampering the needs of the
future generations. It is a concept of durable development carried out by limiting the
needs of the present so that the future generations may enjoy the benefits of nature to
the fullest.
The two ways in which the resources can be used judiciously are as follows:
(a) Stress on developing techniques for the economical extraction of resources.
(b) Use of alternative sources of resources.
(c) Effective steps to recycle used resources.
(d) Using the least amount of non-renewable resources.
(e) Limiting waste material and energy at production level. (any two)

12. Why are public facilities needed for the development of the country? Mention any two of them. 3

Ans : Public facilities are essential for the social and economic development of individuals.
Without these facilities, people cannot achieve their full potential.
(a) These facilities are important for maintaining law and order, cleanliness, quality of
life, access and comfort to common man.
(b) These facilities help in bringing up the people and give them opportunities of which
they are otherwise devoid.
Some public facilities are roads, railways, electricity, water, educational facilities,
housing and nutritious food.(any two facilities)

13. Explain the importance of sustainable development with reference to groundwater by giving an 3
example.

Ans : Sustainable development is important because of the reason that we may enjoy the gifts
of nature, but cannot think of our generations to live without such benefits. It becomes
our duty to use nature for the fulfillment of our needs and not our greed. Our
development should not hamper the needs of the future generations.

In the case of groundwater, we have utilized it to the maximum. It is a natural resource

which is replenished by nature. People living in the areas with surplus water reserves
should take care for its conservation. Efforts should be made not to overuse or degrade
the quality of water. Recent evidences show that groundwater is under serious threat of
disappearance. If suitable steps are not taken, it can pose serious consequences.

14. Does availability of good health and educational facilities depend only on amount of money 3
spent by the government on these facilities? What other factors could be relevant?

Ans : No, the availability of good health and educational facilities do not depend only on
amount of money spent by the government. Other relevant factors can be availability of
qualified doctors, medical facilities like hospitals, medicines, etc. In the case of
educational facilities, well-qualified teachers, enough schools, net attendance ratio, etc
are also required.

15. Why does Kerala have a better human development ranking than Maharashtra in spite of lower 3
per capita income?

Ans : Kerala has lower per capita income but better human development ranking than
Maharashtra because of many factors.
(a) Kerala has the highest literacy rate in the country.
(b) The Infant Mortality Rate of Kerala (12) is much less than that of Maharashtra (25).
Net Attendance Ratio of Kerala (94) is also higher than that of Maharashtra (82).
(c) Kerala has better health and educational infrastructure than Maharashtra.
16. ‘Consequences of environmental degradation do not respect national or state boundaries.’ 3
Justify the given statement.
Or
Consequences of environmental degradation do not respect national or state boundaries. Explain
the meaning of this statement.

Ans : Environment is degraded through the depletion of resources like air, water and soil. It
leads to the destruction of the ecosystem and extinction of wildlife. It is now a global
issue and has been debated over decades.
Environmental degradation is not restricted to the nation or state boundaries. Its
consequences
have been felt in the surrounding states and the neighbouring countries and sometimes
globally.
(a) Pollution in one country may affect the other in the form of acid rains, climate
change etc.
(b) Deforestation in some countries may disturb the rainfall pattern in the surrounding
countries.
(c) Land degradation and dam burst can bring massive siltation and flood like situation.

17. Think of any three developmental goals of a boy from a rich urban family. 3

Ans : A boy from a rich urban family may have the following developmental goals:
(a) He may think to get quality education or pursue his studies abroad.
(b) He may seek vocational education and training.
(c) He may seek to acquire capital to start his own business.

18. What is Human Development Index? Which organization measures HDI? Explain the three 3
major indicators of HDI.

Ans : Human Development Index is a tool developed by the United Nations to measure and
rank countries based on the level of social and economic development. The HDI makes
it possible to track changes in development levels from time to time and to compare
development levels in different countries. The concept of HDI goes beyond income and
growth to cover overall development with the object of improving the conditions of
people from all angles.
The organization that measures the HDI is the United Nations.
Three major indicators of the HID are as follows.
(a) Health: Without proper health facilities, no matter how much a country earns, it will
not be able to provide basic facilities to its people.
(b) Education: Over the past few decades, education has become an important factor in
leading a quality life. So, if the country has high income but the literacy rate is low, it
cannot be considered developed.

19. Distinguish between primary, secondary and tertiary activities with examples. 3

Ans : (a) Primary activities: Primary activities are directly dependent on environment as these
refer to utilisation of earth’s resources such as land, water, vegetation, building materials
and minerals. It, thus, includes hunting and gathering, pastoral activities, fishing,
forestry, agriculture, and mining and quarrying.
(b) Secondary activities: Secondary activities add value to natural resources by
transforming raw materials into valuable products. Secondary activities, therefore, are
concerned with manufacturing, processing and construction (infrastructure) industries.
(c) Tertiary activities: Tertiary activities include both production and exchange. The
production involves the provision of services that are consumed. Banking,
transportation, communication, teaching, nursing, etc. are tertiary activities.

20. Highlight any three factors responsible for the growth of service sector in the Indian economy. 3

Ans : The following are the three factors responsible for the growth of service sector in the
Indian economy.
(a) In every country certain basic services like hospitals, educational institutions, post
offices and police stations are required for the betterment of the citizens. It is the
responsibility of the government to provide these services to the people.

(b) Development of primary and secondary activities leads to the development of

services like transport, trade and storage.
(c) The income levels of the people have increased. People, thus, demand for services
such as tourism, professional training and shopping.
(d) In the recent years, certain new services based on Information and Communication
Technology have become important and essential, which has further increased the
production of these services. (any three)
21. What are the steps involved in the estimation of GDP? Who conducts this process? 3

Ans : Step involved in the estimation of GDP are as follows.

(a) First, the total production of each sector is calculated by adding the values of final
goods and services produced in that sector in a year.
(b) Then the production of all the three sectors is added, the sum of which is called the
Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
Estimation of GDP in India is measured by central government ministry with the help of
various governments of states and union territories. It collects information about the total
volume (number) of goods and services and their prices and then estimates the GDP.

22. Why does the primary sector in India continue to be the largest employer in 1973 as well as in 3
2000?

Ans : The primary sector continues to be the largest employer because enough jobs have not
been created in the secondary and tertiary sectors. Industrial output or production of
goods has increased by eight times but the employment has increased by two and a
half times only. Similarly in tertiary sector, the production has increased by eleven times
but the employment has increased only less than three times. The primary sector still
employs about sixty three per cent people in the country. Both the secondary and the
tertiary sectors offer a limited number of services which employ highly-skilled and
educated workers. Not all are able to get employment in these sectors. Hence, they
retain in the primary sector which requires less skills and no education.

23. Explain with the help of five examples, how development could mean different things to differen 5
people.

Ans : The following examples show that development could mean different things to different
people.
(a) Construction of dam may be development for some. It may be beneficial for the
generation of electricity. Urban areas may benefit from it but the rural areas may be
submerged under water.
Example: Narmada Valley Project.
(b) Multinational Companies may be seen as a symbol of development. But these
companies may hamper the small producers and retailers as they may not be able to
compete with the huge foreign exchange and modern technology.
(c) A girl may try to seek freedom and opportunity as her brother for development, but
this notion may not be liked by the parents.
(d) Women may seek desirable reservation in election to local bodies for their
development. Male dominated society may not approve it fearing their share being
divided.
(e) The school may seek increase in tuition fee for the advancement of education
facilities, but the parents may find it difficult to bear.

24. Describe briefly five steps taken by the Indian government for raising the status of women at par 5
with that of men.

Ans : The following steps have been taken by the Indian government for raising the status of
women at par with that of men.
(a) Women are given the equal right to vote like those of men.
(b) The government of India has declared dowry as illegal and now no one can force the
other party to give dowry.
(c) To impart education to girls various schools and colleges have been opened.
(d) Seats have been reserved for women in the legislatures to enable them to participate
in decisionmaking.
(e) Women have been recognised as a separate target group in our development
planning, for raising their status at par with that of men. To achieve the above objective
the National Commission for women was set up in January 1992.

25. ‘Although the level of income is an important indicator of development, it is an inadequate 5

measure of the level of development.’ Justify the statement.
Ans : Although the level of income is an important indicator of development, it is an
inadequate measure of the level of development because:

(a) it takes into consideration only the monetary view of development.

(b) a high level of income may not satisfy an individual if other aspects like security,
freedom, opportunities, welfare, health facilities, education and cleanliness, are absent.
(c) it is perhaps universally accepted that development is not just about income,
although income (economic wealth, more generally) has a great deal to do with it.
(d) development is also about the removal of poverty and undernutrition. It is an
increase in life expectancy and access to sanitation, clean drinking water and health
services. It is the reduction of infant mortality and increased access to knowledge and
schooling and literacy, in particular.
(e) it fails as an adequate overall measure and must be supplemented by other
indicators directly.

26. What does the history of developed countries indicate about the shifts that have taken place 5
between the sectors?

Ans : The history of developed countries indicates about the shifts that have taken place
between the sectors as given below.
(a) In the initial stages, the primary sector was the most important sector. Most of the
people were employed in this (agricultural) sector.
(b) With the changes in the method of farming, the production increased tremendously.
Now people could do other activities such as trading. They, therefore, became
craftpersons and traders. Increase in production of grains and other things led to the
growing need for transportation and other facilities. But in spite of this, at this stage,
most of the goods produced were natural products from the primary sector and most
people were also employed in this sector.
(c) With the passage of time, machines were invented. Factories were established to
manufacture various goods. Gradually, the industries were established and industrial
sector employed more and more people. As a result of these changes, the secondary
sector became more important in total production and employment. Thus, the
importance of the sectors had changed.
(d) In the past 100 years, there has been a further shift from secondary to tertiary sector
in developed countries. Tertiary sector is also called service sector because it provides
basic services such as teachers, doctors, lawyers, internet café and ATM booths.
Tertiary sector became most important in terms of production.
(e) At present, tertiary sector employs the maximum number of people. So there has
been a shift from primary sector to secondary sector and then to tertiary sector or
service sector in the developed countries.

27. Give five reasons for the rising importance of the tertiary sector in production. 5

Ans : Tertiary sector is the service sector that provides support to the primary and secondary
sectors and to itself. Over the forty years, between 1970 and 71, and 2010 and 11, while
production in all the three sectors has increased, it has increased the most in the
tertiary sector. The following factors are making the tertiary sector important in India.
(a) Basic services: In any country, several services such as hospitals, educational
institutions, post and telegraph services, police stations, courts, village administrative
offices, municipal corporations, defence, transport, banks and insurance companies, are
required. These can be considered as basic services. In a developing country, the
government has to take responsibility for the provision of these services.
(b) Development of primary and secondary sector: The development of agriculture and
industry leads to the development of services such as transport, trade and storage. The
greater the development of the primary and secondary sectors, the more would be the
demand for such services.
(c) Rise in income levels: As income levels rise, certain sections of people start
demanding many more services like eating out, tourism, shopping, private hospitals,
private schools and professional training centres. We can see this change quite sharply
in cities, especially in big cities.
(d) Rise in information technology: Over the past decade or so, certain new services,
such as those based on information and communication technology have become
important and essential. The production of these services has been rising rapidly.
(e) Globalization: Due to globalization, people have become aware of new services and
activities, and communication because of which the tertiary sector has gained
importance.

28. How are the three sectors of economy interdependent? Explain. 5

Ans : The three sectors of economy, primary, secondary and tertiary sectors are
interdependent in the following ways.
(a) Exploitation of the natural resources for the production of consumer goods is
possible only through different activities like extraction (primary), production (secondary)
and retail (tertiary).
(b) It is through primary activities that secondary and tertiary activities came into being.
(c) Secondary sectors require raw material from the primary sector and services like
finance, transportation and information from the tertiary sector.
(d) Secondary sector produces goods like machines and generators that are used by
the primary as well as the tertiary sectors.
(e) Tertiary sector provides support activities to primary and secondary sectors in the
form of expertise, advertisement, etc.

29. Name the sector that is the largest employer in India. Why does this sector produce only a 5
quarter of the GDP?

Ans : The primary sector is the largest employer in India. About 51% of the total population is
engaged in primary sector in one way or the other. It contributes to 17% of the country’s
GDP. This sector produces only a quarter of the GDP because of the following reasons.

(a) Productivity in the primary sector is very low because of the use of outdated means
of production.

(b) Land holdings are very small, which cannot produce the desired output.

(c) Primary sector lacks modern irrigational facilities. Dependence on monsoons add to
the problem.

(d) The government has not been able to provide an effective system of financing and
transportation in the rural areas.

(e) Difficulty in accessing the marketing facilities.

(f) Absence of alternative employment in the rural areas. (any five)

30. Enumerate the causes of rural unemployment in India. 5

Ans : The following are the causes of rural unemployment in India.

(a) Lack of education and skill: Rural areas are far behind in education and thus are not
able to access required skill.

(b) Less scope for industrialization: Industries are generally not set up in the rural areas
due to lack of services.

(c) Stress on family occupation: More family members are supposed to assist in
production of crops rather than going for other occupations because of the fact that
agriculture is labour intensive.

(d) No access to opportunities: Rural areas and occupations are devoid of investment.
This makes the inadequate opportunities.

(e) Lack of infrastructure: Seasonal roads, lack of electricity, etc. keep the rural areas far
behind development.

31. How can more employment opportunities be created in the rural areas? 5
Ans : The following steps can be taken to create more employment in the rural areas.

(a) Loans should be provided to small farmers by the government or bank to have more
irrigation facilities like wells and tube wells in order to enable them to grow second crop.

(b) New dams and canals should be constructed. This will lead to more employment in
the agricultural sector.

(c) Transportation and storage facilities must be improved to provide productive

employment to not only the farmers but also to others in services like transport and
trade.

(d) Banks should provide agricultural credit to the farmers for farming to improve.

(e) Industries such as dal mill, cold storage, honey collection centers and processing of
vegetables should be set up in rural or semi-rural areas. Such industries will get raw
materials from the rural areas and will create more employment opportunities for the
rural people.

(f) More schools should be opened in rural areas. This will provide jobs to about 20 lakh
people in the education sector.

(g) Health services should be improved by opening dispensaries and hospitals. This will
create jobs for doctors, nurses and other staff.

(h) Tourism, regional craft industry and Information Technology should be encouraged
by the government to create more employment opportunities. (any five)

32. Explain the advantages of working in an organized sector. 5

Ans : The following are the advantages for the workers in the organized sector.

(a) Workers in the organized sector enjoy security of employment.

(b) They work only a fixed number of hours. If they work more, they have to be paid
overtime by the employer.

(c) They also get several other benefits from the employers like paid leave, payment
during holidays, provident fund and gratuity.

(d) They also get medical benefits and, under the laws, the employer has to ensure
facilities like drinking water and a safe working environment.

(e) When they retire, these workers get pensions as well.

33. How can the workers in the unorganized sector be protected? 5

Ans : As the workers in the unorganized sector are low-paid, not regular and are exploited in
different ways, there is a need for their protection. The following steps should be taken
to provide protection and support to them.

(a) Generally, the vulnerable people in the unorganized sector are landless agricultural
labourers, small and marginal farmers, carpenters, etc. who should be given support by
the government. For example, small farmers, who comprise eighty per cent of the rural
households, should be supported in procuring seeds, agricultural inputs, credit, storage
facilities and marketing outlets.

(b) In urban areas, government should help small-scale industry in procuring raw
material and marketing of goods.

(c) The interests of the casual workers in rural as well as urban areas must be protected
by law.

(d) As majority of the workers are generally from low castes, they are also socially
discriminated. The government should take steps to ensure equal treatment for all.

(e) Minimum Wages Act should be passed and enforced strictly.

(f) The government should take steps to ensure regulation of working hours and grant
of medical facilities, etc.

(g) The government should take strict action against those employers who discriminate
on account of caste, creed and gender. (any five)

34. What is the role of government in public sector? 5

Ans : The following points sum up the role of government in public sector.

(a) Welfare of the people: The modern state is a welfare state that looks after the
interests of its citizens. People pay different types of taxes and expect their
representatives or the government to follow policies for their welfare. Services like
railways, posts and telegraphs are run by the government for the welfare of the people.

(b) Large expenditure: Some activities like construction of roads need large sums of
expenditure that cannot be borne by the private sector. So, the government takes up
such activities in the interest of the people in a democracy.

(c) Support of the government: There are some activities that need support of the
government in the form of subsidy such as provision of foodgrains for the poor through
ration shops. The government buys wheat, paddy etc. at a higher price but sells at a
lower price at ration shops.

(d) Duty of the government: It is duty of the government to raise the living standard of
the people. It should make arrangements for quality education and health services in
order to take care of the poorest and most ignored regions of the country through
increase in expenditure in such areas. Thus, the government takes up various activities
and spends a lot of expenditure on them.

35. Explain the features of Indian economy. 5

Ans : The following are the feature of Indian economy.

(a) Underutilization of resources: India is endowed with rich natural resources and huge
manpower but due to lack of capital and knowledge technology, the resources have not
been utilized.
(b) Agriculture—main occupation: The majority of population depends on agriculture
due to underdeveloped manufacturing sector and service sector.
(c) Low rate of capital formation: Capital formation in the form of roads, dams, bridges,
machinery, tools and equipment depends upon the savings of the country. But savings
depend upon the national income, which is very low.
(d) Population pressure: Due to rapidly growing population, the comparative national
product is very low. This restricts the economic development by creating problems of
unemployment and underemployment.
(e) Technological backwardness: Due to lack in technology, production is carried out
using intensive labour. Less of capital, like machinery, tools and equipment, is used as
compared to labour, which hampers productive capacity of the country.
(f) Unfavourable social and religious conditions: In India, there are social and cultural
institutions like caste system, joint family system, laws of inheritance and succession,
and child marriage. These institutions are a serious hindrance to our economic growth.
These institutions kill initiative, check mobility of labour and encourage the birth rate.
(any five)

36. Describe the provisions of National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005. 5

Ans : The following are the provisions of National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA)
2005.
(a) It guarantees 100 days of regular employment per rural household per year to those
willing to work.
(b) If work is not provided within 15 days, applicants are entitled to an unemployment
allowance, i.e. one-third of the wage rate for the first thirty days, and one half thereafter.
(c) The Act is to come into force initially in 200 districts, and is to be extended to the
whole of rural India within five years of its enactment.
(d) One-third of the jobs are to be reserved for women.
(e) Labourers are entitled to various facilities at the worksite such as clean drinking
water, shade for rest, emergency health care etc.

37. Money, or material things that one can buy with it, is one factor on which our life depends. But 3
the quality of our life also depends on non-material things. What non-material things do we need
in life? What values do such things reflect?

Ans : Money can buy material things alone. Apart from these, we require non-material things
like love, affection, care, freedom and concern, that form the basis of our life. Values
reflected by these things are respect, cooperation, confidence, strong willpower, etc.

38. It is true that if women are engaged in paid work, their dignity in household and society 3
increases. What conditions can encourage women to get engaged in paid works? What values will
be generated through such effort?
Ans : The following conditions will encourage women in getting engaged in paid works.
• Safe and secure environment at home and outside
• Equal opportunities with equal wages
• Freedom to take decisions
• Participation in decision-making
Values that will be generated through such effort are respect, cooperation,
understanding, decisionmaking, positive attitude and sharing responsibilities.

39. What are public facilities? Give examples. What values do the public facilities strengthen? 3

Ans : Public facilities are the provisions aimed for welfare of masses. Every individual has
equal access to such facilities. These facilities cannot be owned or maintained by one
individual, nor can an individual use them alone for his/her personal interest. These
facilities are required for an overall development of the citizens of a country or an area.
A few example of public transportation and communication, roads, bridges, hospitals,
pollutionfree environment, etc.
Public facilities strengthen the values like cooperation, sharing, practical and positive
approach, concern, care and prevenation.

40. We have a fixed stock of non-renewable resources on earth which cannot be replenished. What 3
does the statement mean? Identify the values that we need to generate to overcome the problem
of resources being exhausted.

Ans : The statement means that even the stock of nonrenewable resources will get exhausted
if we continue to overuse use them. No doubt the new sources have been discovered
but still they have a certain age and limit beyond which they cannot be used.
Values that we need to generate are conscious approach to the use of these resources,
keeping away our personal greed, reducing overuse of resources and adopting
sustainable methods to conserve the resources.

41. Every state or region has potential for increasing the income and employment for people in that 3
area. Name some areas where employment can be generated. What values do such efforts
inculcate?

Ans : Areas where employment can be generated are tourism, regional craft, food courts, food
processing plant etc. Such effort would inculcate the following values: Self sufficiency,
productive outlook, opportunities, cooperation, respect and self esteem.

42. Workers in unorganised sectors are often exploited and not paid a fair wage. Their jobs are not 3
secure. How is organised sector better than unorganised sector? What values are hindered in the
unorganised sector?

Ans : Organised sector provides better employment conditions as compared to unorganised

sector. An appointment letter, job security, reasonable wages, and other benefits etc.
are the highlights of organised sector. Unorganised sector lack these
[Link] sector hinders the values like equal status, self confidence,
dignity and positive attitude of the workers.