98’ AL Physics/Structural Questions/Marking/P.
PLK VICWOOD K.T. CHONG SIXTH FORM COLLEGE
98’ AL Physics: Structural Questions
Marking Scheme
1. (a) 0 N 1 1
GM E
(b) (i) g’ = 1
r2
GM E RE2
=
RE2 r 2
( 6.4 10 6 ) 2
= 10 1
( 6.4 10 6 6 105 ) 2
= 8.4 Nkg-1 1 3
mv 2
(ii) mg’ = 1
r
v2
8.4 =
7 106
v = 7.6 103 ms-1 1
2r
And T = 1
v
2( 7 106 )
=
7.6 103
= 5.7 103 s 1 4
GM E m 1 2
(c) (i) E = mv 1
r 2
GM E m 1 GM E m GM E m mv 2
E = ( ) 1
r 2 r r2 r
GM E m
E = 2
2r
(ii) By (c) (i), the shuttle should decrease its speed so that E becomes 1
more negative, that is r decreases accordingly and the shuttle spirals 1
into an orbit of smaller radius. 2
2. (a) (i) Gravitational p.e. becomes elastic p.e. at D 1
mgh = 50 10 40
= 2 104 J 1 2
1 2
(ii) Elastic p.e. = kx 1
2
1 2
2 104 = k ( 25)
2
k = 64 Nm-1 1 2
98’ AL Physics/Structural Questions/Marking/P.2
(b) (i) AB : free falling, only gravitational force acting. 1
BC : both mg (downwards) & T (upwards) acting, mg > T.
CD : both mg & T acting, mg < T. 1+1 3
(ii) equilibrium position : 22 ~ 23 m from the bridge 1
amplitude : 17 ~ 18 m 1 2
k
(iii) 2 = 1
m
64
= = 1.13 rads-1
50
1 1 2
Time taken from C to D is T = ( ) 1
4 4
1 2
= ( )
4 113
.
= 1.39 s 1 3
3. (a)
P
i
4.5 cm r
2
A O B
1 4.5
(b) i = sin ( )
5.0
= 64.2 1 1
sin 64.2
(c) n = 1
sin 28.6
= 1.88 1 2
c
(d) air = 1
f
3 108
=
5.4 1014
= 5.55 10-7 m
air
n = 1
glass
. 10 7
555
1.88 =
glass
glass = 2.95 10-7 m 1 3
(e) By nw sin i = ng sin r 1
1.33 sin 64.2 = 1.88 sin r
r = 39.6 1
The light ray would not intersect the diameter AOB before it leaves the glass
sphere as the angle of refraction r is greater than PBA = 32.1. 1 3
98’ AL Physics/Structural Questions/Marking/P.3
4. (a) 6 V. 1
It remains unchanged at 6 V. 1 2
(b) (i) Constant potential on the two strips due to zero resistance. 1
Resistance increases uniformly in the region between the strips,
therefore potential rises uniformly. 1 2
V
(ii) E =
d
6
= 1
0.08
= 75 Vm-1 or 0.75 Vcm-1 (upwards, from B0 to A0) 1+1 3
(iii)
A2 A0 A1
0 cm _
1
2 X V voltmeter
3
6V 4 +
5
6
7 Probe P 2
8
9 carbon paper
10
B2 B0 B1
2
silver paper
(c) (i)
V/V
6
3 2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x/cm 2
V
(ii) As E = , E as d (i.e potential gradient increases) 2 2
d
98’ AL Physics/Structural Questions/Marking/P.4
174.4
5. (a) (i) mass defect, m = 1
934
= 0.1867 u
0.1867 = 235.0439 - (141.9164 + 90.9234 + 2mn) 1
mn = 1.0087 u 1 3
1.0 104
(ii) No. of U-235 nuclei =
235.0439 1.66 10 27
= 2.563 1028 1
Energy released = 2.563 1028 174.4 MeV 1
= 4.47 1030 MeV (or 7.15 1011 MJ) 1 3
4.47 10 30 1.6 10 19 0.4
(iii) 1
500
= 5.72 108 s (or 1.59 105 hr or 6620 days or 18.1 yr) 1 2
(iv) The percentage of U-235 in the fuel rods will decrease with time. 1
Chain reaction cannot be maintained when the concentration of U-235 1 2
in the fuel rods falls below a certain value.
(b) Insert all the boron-steel/control rods into the reactor core 1
so as to absorb the neutrons. 1 2
6. (a) mass of liquid column = (Ah) 1
Ahg
pressure = 1 2
A
= gh
(b) (i) pX - pY = gh 1
= 1200 10 0.03
= 360 Nm-2 1 2
1 2 1 2
(ii) p X v X = pY vY
2 2
1
pX - pY = (vY2 v 2X ) 1
2
1 2 2
360 = 1200 ( 0.8 v x )
2
vX = 0.2 ms-1 1
0.8
And AX = 4 10 5 1
0.2
= 1.6 10-4 m2 1 4
(iii) Rate of work done = (pX - pY)AXvX 1
= 360 1.6 10-4 0.2
= 0.012 W 1 2
98’ AL Physics/Structural Questions/Marking/P.5
(c)
High speed, reduced pressure
Aerofoil
‘Lift’
Low speed, increased pressure 2
The velocity of air flow is faster at the upper side than at the lower side of 1
the aircraft wing. According to Bernoulli’s principle, the pressure and 1
hence the force is greater at the lower side of the aircraft wing. 4
7. (a) (i) B = 0nIs = ICR 1
d ( BA)
= ICR 1
dt
dI s
0 nA = ICR
dt
100 I
4 10 7 ( 0.01) 2 max = 0.01 10-6 100 1
0.45 0.04
Imax = 1.43 A 1 4
(ii) - neglect the inductance of the coil
- coil is placed at the centre of the solenoid
ANY
- coils of the solenoid are closely packed
TWO
- magnetic field strength is uniform over the area of the coil
- coil is not placed near the two ends of the solenoid @1 2 2
(iii)
IC/A
0.01
0
0.04 0.08 0.1 t/s 2
-0.02
2
(b) To minimize the inductance of the connecting wires. 1 1
(c) (i) 0.01 A 1
(ii) 2 V 1 2
98’ AL Physics/Structural Questions/Marking/P.6
8. (a) nb = 2.7 10-5 1
0.5b = 2.7 10-5
b = 5.4 10-5 (m3 mol-1) 1 2
(b) U = UA - UC 1
3
= nR ( TA TC )
2
3
= ( 0.5)(8.31)( 310 80)
2
= 1430 J 1 2
nRT
(c) (i) pA =
V nb
( 0.5)(8.31)( 310)
= 1
(16 2.7) 10 5
= 96.8 105 Nm-2 1
& pC = 45.5 105 Nm-2 1 3
(ii)
P/105 Nm-2
B A
96.8
2
45.5 D
C
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 V/10-5
m3
(iii) Work done by the gas = 45.5 105 (16 - 10) 10-5 1
= 273 J 1 2
(d) U = W + Q
1430 = -273 + Q 1
Q = 1703 J 1 2
9. (a) (i) 8.0 V 1 1
(ii) 0.8 V 1 1
8 0.3
(iii) G = 1
. 0.8
15
= 11 1
RL
G =
RB
2.5
11 = 1
12
= 52.8 1 4
98’ AL Physics/Structural Questions/Marking/P.7
(b) (i) To filter away the steady/constant/d.c. component of the signal. 1 1
16
(ii) biasing input voltage = 8 1
16 125
= 0.91 V
VP 1.5 - 0.91 = 0.59 V 1 2
(Accept other answers for considering the coupling effect.)
(iii)
2.2 V
2
2
10. (a) (i)
1
tension
1
axis of rotation
weight
(ii) By v2 = u2 + 2as
2
v2 = 2 ( g)s 1
3
1 2 2
mv = mgs …
2 3
So, loss in p.e. = gain in linear k.e. + gain in rotational k.e. 1
2
mgs = mgs + gain in rotational k.e. (by ) 1
3
1
Thus gain in rotational k.e. = mgs 3
3
(iii) All forces acting on the disc are vertical (i.e. no horizontal forces). 1 1
98’ AL Physics/Structural Questions/Marking/P.8
(b) (i)
0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 t2/s2
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
S/m
Axes labelled with appropriate scales 1
Points correctly plotted 1
Correct graph (best straight line) 1 3
1 2 1
(ii) s = at slope =a 1
2 2
0.8 0 1
3.2 = = a 1
0.25 0 2
a = 6.4 ms-2
2
By (a)(ii), a = g g = 9.6 Nkg-1 1 3
3