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Health System Development

The document outlines a course on Health Systems Development, covering various aspects of health systems including definitions, actors, financing models, and performance assessments. It includes core readings from notable publications and articles that explore the evolution, challenges, and frameworks of health systems globally. The course is structured over several weeks, with specific readings and topics designated for each week to enhance understanding of health systems in the context of sustainable development and universal health coverage.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
17 views17 pages

Health System Development

The document outlines a course on Health Systems Development, covering various aspects of health systems including definitions, actors, financing models, and performance assessments. It includes core readings from notable publications and articles that explore the evolution, challenges, and frameworks of health systems globally. The course is structured over several weeks, with specific readings and topics designated for each week to enhance understanding of health systems in the context of sustainable development and universal health coverage.

Uploaded by

bwananushte
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Health Systems Development

Course Code: 2019-2020 - Health Systems Development (PUBH97036) Course Name:


Health Systems Development Course Year: 2019
60 items in 13 sections

Course 1 week 1

What is a health system

Type: Document Publisher: The World Bank Publication Date: 2007 Pages: 173-174 Tags: Core reading

Public note: This short text provides a broad yet pertinent overview of what constitutes a health system and what

Sets it apart from other systems. The text briefly elaborated on the purpose of health systems, what constitutes its

parts, and how the interconnections of the health system can be viewed as the functions and roles played by these

parts. This will be covered in more detail in the short videos and to follow, but it’s a good place to start!

Link ([Link])

The Global Health System: Actors, Norms, and Expectations in Transition

Plos Medicine

Author: Nicole A. Szleza´k1 *, Barry R. Bloom2 , Dean T. Jamison3 , Gerald T. Keusch4 , Catherine M. Michaud5 ,

Suerie Moon1 , William C. Clark Type: Article Publication Date: January 2010 Pages: 1-3 Tags: Core reading

Public note: In the previous video you have briefly heard about health system actors (for: example health

care financiers or health care providers). This expands on this notion and sign-posts traditional and non-traditional

actors on the global health stage. If you’d like to learn more about this area, please feel free to read more from

this series of four papers on one dimension of the global health transition and its changing institutional

arrangements.

Link ([Link])

Key Health Financing terms

Author: Sondus Hassounah Type: Document Tags: Core reading

The Economic Crisis and Medical Care Use: Comparative Evidence from Five HighIncome Countries

Wiley Online Library


Author: Annamaria Lusardi Daniel Schneider Peter Tufano Type: Article Publication Date: 20 January 2014

Pages: 207-212 Tags: Core reading Public note: In the previous video I have discussed this paper by Lusardi

and colleagues and highlighted to you the implications various financing models have on health and health

seeking behaviour through the lens of this natural experiment, the financial crises starting in 2009. Please read

the results and the discussion sections which elaborate further on the reductions in individuals’ use of routine

non-emergency medical care in the midst of the economic crisis and how health systems of national

insurance can provide some protection against these effects.

Link ([Link])

Bismarck or Beveridge: a beauty contest between dinosaurs

BioMed Central

Author: Jouke van der Zee†1,2 and Madelon W Kroneman Type: Article Publication Date: 26 June 2007 Pages:

2-3 Tags: Core reading Public note: You’ve heard about the Beveridge and Bismarck models of health financing

and have learned about how such systems have been evolving for quite a long time, and are deeply rooted in

the historical foundation and development of the countries they originated in. This short text provides a

further exploration of this notion and expands on the specifics of both financing structures.

Link ([Link])

High-quality health systems in the Sustainable Development Goals era: time for a

revolution

The Lancet Global HEalth

Author: Margaret E Kruk, Anna D Gage, Catherine Arsenault, Keely Jordan, Hannah H Leslie, Sanam

Roder-DeWan, Olusoji Adeyi, Pierre Barker, Bernadette Daelmans, Svetlana V Doubova, Mike English, Ezequiel

García Elorrio, Frederico Guanais, Oye Gureje, Lisa R Hirschhorn, Lixin Jiang, Edward Kelley, Ephrem Tekle

Lemango, Jerker Liljestrand, Address Malata, Tanya Marchant, Malebona Precious Matsoso, John G Meara,

Manoj Mohanan, Youssoupha Ndiaye, Ole F Norheim, K Srinath Reddy, Alexander K Rowe, Joshua A Salomon,

Gagan Thapa, Nana A Y Twum-Danso, Muhammad Pate Type: Article Publication Date: 2018 Pages:

1196-1198 Tags: Core reading Public note: In the previous video you have heard about the evolving

conceptualisations of health systems and how they were largely influenced by the social, political and economic

time they were conceived in. Moving forward the world is witnessing changing health needs, growing public
expectations, and ambitious new health goals which are raising the bar for health systems to

produce better health outcomes and greater social value. As such, there’s an argument that what is needed

are high-quality health systems that optimise health care in each given context by consistently delivering

care that improves or maintains health, by being valued and trusted by all people, and by responding to

changing population needs. This work by the Lancet Global commission on high quality health systems in the SDG

era examined the literature, analysed surveys, and did qualitative and quantitative research to evaluate the

quality of care available to people in Low-Middle Income Countries across a range of health needs included in

the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). They explored the ethical dimensions of high-quality care

in resource-constrained settings and reviewed available measures and improvement approaches. For this

course you’re not required to read the full paper (please feel free to do so though if you find it interesting), but you

should read the executive summary. This reading is intended for you to appreciate the future evolution of health

systems conceptualisation and evolution and to keep you abreast with the trajectory of thinking within this area of

work.

Link ([Link])

Course 1 week 2

How Are New Vaccines Prioritized in Low-Income Countries? A Case Study of Human

Papilloma Virus Vaccine and Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Uganda

Int J Health POlicy Management 2017

Author: Wallace Lauren, Kapiriri Lydia Type: Article Publication Date: 2017 Pages: 707-720 Issue: 612 DOI:

10.15171/ijhpm.2017.37 Tags: Core reading Public note: You have explored priority setting in terms of the

process, successes and failures in Norway, Sweden, Israel, the Netherlands, Denmark, New Zealand, the United

Kingdom and the state of Oregon in the US. In this reading you will explore priority setting in low-income countries

using priority-setting for new vaccines in Uganda as a case study.

Link ([Link])

Priority setting in health care: Lessons from the experiences of eight countries

Author: Lindsay M Sabik and Reidar K Lie Type: Article Publication Date: 21 January 2008 Pages: 2-6 DOI:

10.1186/1475-9276-7-4 Tags: Core reading Public note: Please read the following sections of the research
article “Priority setting in health care: Lessons from the experiences of eight countries” available from

[Link] [Link] 2, 4 and 5: Explicit

priority setting efforts: the outlining principles approach [Link] 3 and 4, Table 3: Overview of centralized priority

setting efforts [Link] 5 and 6: Explicit priority setting efforts: the defining practices approach Please read the full

paper for optional recommended reading. You have been introduced to priority setting in health care and why it is

important. In this reading you will explore priority setting in eight countries in terms of the process each country

used, and their successes and failures in setting priorities.

Link ([Link])

Frameworks to assess health systems governance: a systematic review

Oxford Academic

Author: Pyone T., Smith H. and van den Broek N. Type: Article Publication Date: 3 March 2017 DOI:

10.1093/heapol/czx007 Tags: Core reading

Link ([Link])

Health governance: principal–agent linkages and health system strengthening

Author: Derick W Brinkerhoff 1 * and Thomas J Bossert 2 Type: Article Pages: 686-689 DOI:

10.1093/heapol/czs132 Tags: Core reading Public note: Please read p.686 -689 (the Introduction, and the first

two sections: “Health governance: a model” and “Health governance: challenges for reform”). In the introduction,

the authors discuss key issues in health systems governance that have not been sufficiently addressed by some

of the traditional health and health governance frameworks, and therefore propose the health governance

framework that has been mentioned in the previous video. The authors use the ‘principal-agent theory’ approach

for the analysis of health systems governance at different levels, describe the proposed framework and explain

relationships between three groups of actors that play a role in governance in detail. The section on

‘challenges for reform’ discusses challenges relating to capacity, formal versus informal governance and

socio-political issues.

Link ([Link])

The Global Health System: Actors, Norms, and Expectations in Transition

Author: Nicole A. Szlezák , Barry R. Bloom, Dean T. Jamison, Gerald T. Keusch, Catherine M. Michaud, Suerie
Moon, William C. Clark Type: Article Pages: 1-3 Tags: Core reading Public note: Please read the first section

(‘The Global Health System: A Time of Transition’, p.1, 2 and beginning of p.3). This article highlights the

changing nature of global health institutions. The first section briefly explains not only how the types and numbers

of actors in the global health system have changed over time, but also how the relationships among old and new

actors have changed, and the formal and informal rules that guide their interactions. Figure 1 and 2 give examples

of the more traditional versus newer types of international health governance. The authors also discuss key

challenges and list a number of key issues and questions that need to be addressed to meet the needs of

an increasingly complex global health system. Please feel free to also read the second section of the article,

which refers to further papers in the series, but it is not a requirement for this course.

Link ([Link])

Defining the global health system and systematically mapping its network of actors

Author: Steven J. Hoffman 1,2,3* and Clarke B. Cole 1,4 Type: Article Pages: 4-5 DOI:

10.1186/s12992-018-0340-2 Tags: Supplementary reading Public note: If you wish to do so, please read p. 4

and 5 of the results section (the section ‘Defining the global health system’), as well as the discussion and

conclusion (end of p.12 to p.18. After conducting a literature review, the authors proposed a definition of the global

health system. Based on this definition, the authors conducted a network mapping exercise and presented results

in that show the great number of different public and private global health actors, and the structure of their social

networks.

Link ([Link])

Course 1 week 3

Health systems performance assessment. A tool for health governance in the 21st century

Type: Document Publisher: WHO EURO Pages: 1-4 Tags: Core reading Public note: This brochure provides

an overview of the WHO’s health system performance assessment framework. Experts and high-level officials

from European health ministries briefly explain what it is and how it can and has been used. Country examples

include Armenia, Belgium, England, Estonia, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Portugal and Turkey. Students are required to

read page 1-4 only.

Link ([Link])
The World health report 2000 - Health systems: improving performance

Author: WHO Type: Document Publication Date: 2000 Pages: xi-xix Tags: Core reading Public note: The

World Health Reports (WHR) are a series of reports that have been published regularly by the WHO since 1995.

Each report focuses on a specific theme and used to include statistical annex tables with health-related indicators

for all WHO member states (from 1995-2006, now statistics are published separately in the annual World Health

Statistics Report). The WHR 2000 introduced a conceptual framework and examined and compared aspects of

health systems around the world. It provided insights into the complex factors that explain how health systems

perform and offered practical advice on how to assess performance and achieve improvements with the resources

available. In 2000, the WHR annex tables included a health system performance ranking among member states,

which the WHO planned to publish also in subsequent reports. This has not happened though due to the great

controversies that the WHO 2000 ranking caused internationally. Up to date, there has been no consensus on

how an objective ranking of health systems should look like (which framework to use, how much weight to give for

different areas, which indicators to choose, which datasets to use, how to insure validity and comparability of

given data, etc). The full report is a 1.73 Mb pdf file, containing 215 pages, but students are required to read the

“Overview” (page xi-xix) only, which can be downloaded separately as part of the Director General’s Message

document (623 kb pdf file):[Link] Students who wish

to further expand their knowledge may read the whole report, but it is not required.

Link ([Link])

Health system performance assessment landscape at the EU level: a structured synthesis

of actors and actions

Author: Nataša Perić , Maria M. Hofmarcher-Holzhacker and Judit Simon Type: Article Publication Date: 2017

DOI: 10.1186/s13690-016-0173-5 Tags: Supplementary reading

Link ([Link])

Health systems performance assessment in low-income countries: learning from

international experiences

Author: Tashobya, C.K., da Silveira, V.C., Ssengooba, F. et al. Type: Article Publication Date: 2014 Tags:

Supplementary reading

Link ([Link])
High-quality health systems in the Sustainable Development Goals era: time for a

revolution

The Lancet Global Health

Author: Margaret E Kruk, Anna D Gage, Catherine Arsenault, Keely Jordan, Hannah H Leslie, Sanam

Roder-DeWan, Olusoji Adeyi, Pierre Barker, Bernadette Daelmans, Svetlana V Doubova, Mike English, Ezequiel

García Elorrio, Frederico Guanais, Oye Gureje, Lisa R Hirschhorn, Lixin Jiang, Edward Kelley, Ephrem Tekle

Lemango, Jerker Liljestrand, Address Malata, Tanya Marchant, Malebona Precious Matsoso, John G Meara,

Manoj Mohanan, Youssoupha Ndiaye, Ole F Norheim, K Srinath Reddy, Alexander K Rowe, Joshua A Salomon,

Gagan Thapa, Nana A Y Twum-Danso, Muhammad Pate Type: Article Publication Date: 2018 Pages:

1196-1198 Tags: Supplementary reading Public note: The HQSS Commission is a group of 30 academics,

policymakers, and health system stakeholders from 18 countries, who have reviewed current literature and have

conducted own research to offer policy recommendations in this report and associated publications. The

Commission emphasizes “high quality” health systems, because “providing health services without guaranteeing

a minimum level of quality is ineffective, wasteful, and unethical”. As an optional reading, students may read the

executive summary of the report, which can be downloaded separately, and is available in different languages

here: [Link] may also read section 4 “Measuring health system quality”

(p.e1221-e1230). The full text (5 MB) of the report can be downloaded here:

[Link]

Link ([Link])

State of Health in the EU: Ireland. Country Health Profile 2017

Author: OECD Type: Document Publication Date: 2017 Tags: Core reading

Link ([Link])

State of Health in the EU: Greece. Country Health Profile 2017

Author: OECD Type: Article Publication Date: 2017 Tags: Core reading

Link ([Link])

State of Health in the EU: Latvia

Author: OECD Type: Document Publication Date: 2017 Tags: Core reading

Link ([Link])

Course 1 week 4
Strengthening health systems for universal health coverage and sustainable development

Author: Marie Paule Kieny, Henk Bekedam, Delanyo Dovlo, James Fitzgerald, Jarno Habicht, Graham Harrison,

Hans Kluge, Vivian Lin, Natela Menabde, Zafar Mirza, Sameen Siddiqi & Phyllida Travis Type: Document

Publication Date: 2017 Pages: 1-3 Tags: Core reading Public note: Please read ‘Strengthening health systems

for universal health coverage and sustainable development’ (pages 1-3). In the previous video you have

heard in more detail about Universal Health Coverage (UHC) and some of the ways by which countries around

the world have been implementing reforms to advance towards UHC. This perspective piece explores this

notion further and expands on the impact of health system strengthening on UHC, and how health system

strengthening, through UHC, contributes to different sustainable development goals and can be achieved

through a number of different pathways.

Link ([Link])

Sustainable Development Goals

Author: UNDP Type: Document Tags: Core reading

Link ([Link])

Tracking Universal Health Coverage, First Global Monitoring Report

Type: Document Publisher: WHO, The World Bank Publication Date: 2015 Pages: 6-14 Tags: Core reading

Public note: In the previous video you have heard about Universal Health Coverage (UHC)and the importance of

which. These report, and particularly the portion of text you’re asked to read, expands on the various dimensions

of UHC and discusses how it can be measured, monitored and tracked using a core set of tracer indicators using

the WHO/World Bank Group UHC monitoring framework to track progress in key areas of financial protection and

health services coverage.

Link ([Link])

Tracking Universal Health Coverage

Author: WHO, The World Bank Type: Document Publication Date: 2017 Pages: VII-X Tags: Core reading

Public note: In the previous video you have heard about Universal Health Coverage (UHC)and the importance of

which. These report, and particularly the portion of text you’re asked to read, expands on the various dimensions

of UHC and discusses how it can be measured, monitored and tracked using a core set of tracer indicators using
the WHO/World Bank Group UHC monitoring framework to track progress in key areas of financial protection and

health services coverage.

Link ([Link])

Course 2 Week 5

Health Impact Assessment - Frameworks and Tools

Author: Christina Atchison Type: Document Tags: Core reading

Health Impact Assessment Tools Simple tools for recording the results of the Health Impact

Assessment

Type: Document Publisher: Department of Health Tags: Core reading

Link ([Link])

Development of health impact assessment in Thailand: recent experiences and challenges

Author: Wiput Phoolcharoen, 1 Decharut Sukkumnoed, 2 & Puttapong Kessomboon 3 Type: Article Publication

Date: 2003 Tags: Core reading Public note: You have explored some of the general opportunities and

challenges of conducting health impact assessments (HIA). In this reading, to explore the development of HIA in a

real-world context, you will learn why Thailand chose to develop HIA through the development of healthy public

policy. The challenges facing the Thai HIA community are discussed and recent experiences are shared.

Link ([Link])

A health impact assessment of the Liverpool Hospital redevelopment-Appraisal Stage

Author: Christina Atchison Type: Article Tags: Core reading

A health impact assessment on the construction phase of a major hospital redevelopment

Author: Michelle Maxwell, Patrick Harris, Sharon Peters, Mark Thornell and Leah D'Souza Type: Article

Publication Date: 2008 Volume: 32 Tags: Core reading

Link ([Link])
Health and equity impacts of a large oil project in Africa

Bulletin of The World Health Organization

Author: Jobin, W Additional Person Name: Jobin, W (correspondence author) Type: Article ISSN: 00429686

Publication Date: 2003-06-01 Total Pages: 420-426 Pages: 420-426 Volume: 81 Issue: 6 DOI:

10.1590/S0042-96862003000600011 Tags: Core reading Public note: You have thoroughly explored the Health

Impact Assessment (HIA) Case Study of the Liverpool Hospital redevelopment in Australia. In this reading you will

explore a HIA Case Study in a low-income country setting for a project in a different non-health sector domain.

This will allow you to appreciate the range of approaches to conducting HIA in different settings and contexts.

Link ([Link])

Differing forms, differing purposes: A typology of health impact assessment

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Author: Harris-Roxas, Ben ; Harris, Elizabeth Type: Article ISSN: 01959255 Publisher: Elsevier Inc Publication

Date: 2011 Total Pages: 396-403 Pages: 396-403 Volume: 31 Issue: 4 DOI: 10.1016/[Link].2010.03.003

Course 2 week 6

Health Impact Assessment: Necessary but Not Sufficient for Healthy Public Policy

Author: Laura M. Gottlieb, MD, MPH, Jonathan E. Fielding, MD, MPH, MA, MBA, and Paula A. Braveman, MD,

MPH Type: Article Publication Date: 2012 Tags: Core reading Public note: Health Impact Assessment (HIA) is

only one component of a broader strategy aimed towards achieving better health outcomes and reducing health

disparities. Emerging during the course of the last decade, this broader strategy has been referred to as Health in

All Policies, or Healthy Public Policy. With this article, the authors seek to raise awareness of both HIA and

Healthy Public Policy, and to place HIA within the context of this more comprehensive strategy for cross-sectoral

action, which is crucial to achieving the ultimate goals of both.

Link ([Link])

Course 2 week 7

Health policy and systems research: the future of the field


Author: David H. Peters Type: Article Publication Date: 2018 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-018-0359-0 Tags: Core

reading Public note: In the previous video,you have heard about the multitude of challenges, as well as the

opportunities facing the field of Health Policy and Systems Research, which this piece explores in further depth.

The author expands on the changing nature of health systems and how that requires new ways of thinking about,

and conducting, health policy and systems research to better adapt and respond to the changing need. This

is discussed with the Sustainable Development Goals in mind to safeguard social benefits and inclusivity within

and across countries.

Link ([Link])

What is Health Policy and Systems Research and why does it matter ? Why does health

policy and systems research matter?

Type: Article Publication Date: 2007 Tags: Core reading Public note: In the previous video you have briefly

heard about Health Policy and Systems Research, it origins and its evolution for the past couple of decades.

This reading by the World Health Organisation consolidates this new knowledge and further expands on its

impact and the methodological challenges facing it moving forward. There are also examples of strategies and

studies where HPSR influenced change.

Link ([Link])

Evidence Informed Policy in Action

Type: Document Publisher: WHO Tags: Core reading Public note: EVIPNet’s approach ofplacing evidence at

the heart of policy-making,using evidence briefs for policy that draw on both local research and systematic reviews

followed by policy dialogues to discuss them among health policy-makers and stakeholdershas triggered a

sea-change in how policy-makers view evidence and howresearchers engage withpolicy-makers. This report

outlines 10 pertinent examples of the network’s impact on national health policy and decision-making, a few of

which you’ve heard about in the previous video

Link ([Link])

Evidence Synthesis for Health Policy and Systems: A methods guide

Author: EDITED BY: ÉTIENNE V. LANGLOIS I KAREN DANIELS I ELIE A. AKL Type: Article Pages: 154-161

Tags: Core reading Public note: Please read the section on the case of Syrian refugees in Lebanon(pp.
154-161)in: Langlois EV, Daniels K, Akl E. Evidence Synthesis for Health Policy and Systems: a Methods

Guide. This example of policy responsive research, in the form of systematic review, demonstrates how

knowledge production and translation tools, such as priority-setting, systematic reviews, development of a briefing

note (knowledge translation), and convening of a national policy dialogue (knowledge uptake)can be used To

help inform policyand subsequently action, in this case the provision of health services for refugees in Lebanon.

This example was mentioned briefly in the video. Here you get a chance to explore further howhealth policy

and systems research, in the form of high-quality systematic reviews, was able to respond to health policy and

systems priority issues at the national and regional levels

Link ([Link])

Using rapid reviews to strengthen health policy and systems and progress towards

universal health coverage Commentary

BMJ Global health

Author: Langlois EV, et al. Type: Article Pages: 1178- DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001178 Tags: Core reading

Public note: Please read the commentary by Langlois et al on using rapid reviews to strengthen health policy and

systems research and progress towards universal health coverage . Progressing towards UHC requires

evidence to address a range of questions including the effectiveness of health systems interventions

and policies, how and in what settings these interventions work, their cost-effectiveness, as well as the

legal, ethical and societal implications of implementing these interventions. This piece expands on how a

particular type of research, rapid systematic reviews, is apowerful and scientifically sound approach to

collate and analyse health systems evidencewhile balancing the urgency for the need for evidence rather

quickly. It is not without concerns though, maintaining methodological rigour while simplifying or omitting

components of the traditional review process still presents a challenge.

Link ([Link])

Translational research

BMJ

Author: M E J Lean, J I Mann, J A Hoek, R M Elliot, G Schofield Type: Article Publication Date: 27 September

2008 Volume: 337 Issue: 7672 Tags: Core reading

Link ([Link])
The Role of Translational Research in Addressing Health Disparities: a Conceptual

Framework

NIH Public Acces

Author: Erik S. Fleming, BA, James Perkins, PhD, David Easa, MD, Jose G. Conde, MD, MPH, Richard S. Baker,

MD, William M. Southerland, PhD, Robert Dottin, PhD, Julio E. Benabe, MD, Elizabeth O. Ofili, MD, MPH, Vincent

C. Bond, PhD, Shelia A. McClure, PhD, Michael H. Sayre, PhD, Maureen J. Beanan, PhD, and Keith C. Norris,

MD Type: Article Tags: Core reading

Link ([Link])

A translational framework for public health research

BMC Public Health

Author: David Ogilvie, Peter Craig, Simon Griffin, Sally Macintyre & Nicholas J Wareham Type: Article

Publication Date: 2009 Tags: Core reading

Link ([Link])

Moving Toward Paradigm-Shifting Research in Health Disparities Through Translational,

Transformational, and Transdisciplinary Approaches

Author: Irene Dankwa-Mullan, MD, MPH,corresponding author Kyu B. Rhee, MD, MPP, David M. Stoff, PhD,

Jennifer Reineke Pohlhaus, PhD, Francisco S. Sy, MD, DrPH, Nathaniel Stinson, Jr, MD, PhD, and John Ruffin,

PhD Type: Article Publication Date: 2010 Tags: Core reading

Link ([Link])

Course 2 week 8

The bit in the middle: a synthesis of global health literature on policy formulation and

adoption

Health policy and planning

Author: Berlan, David ; Buse, Kent ; Shiffman, Jeremy ; Tanaka, Sonja Type: Article ISSN: 02681080

Publication Date: 2014-12 Total Pages: iii23-iii34 Pages: iii29-iii32 Volume: 29 Issue: Supp.3 DOI:

10.1093/heapol/czu060 Tags: Core reading Public note: You have previously heard and read about health
policy and systems research whereby it’s been defined, explored in terms of its opportunities and challenges,

as well as how different countries around the world adopt and implement it. This week you will probe

deeper into your role in this process and how, and what, you can do to meaningfully contribute to it. First, a good

place to start is to broadly explore what the process or phases of policy formulation and adoption entails so you

can be able to identify where and how your contribution as a health policy and systems researcher can be

appropriate. This is what the highlighted section in this reading describes based on a narrative synthesis of

28 articles on health policy in low-and middle-income countries which provides insight on what kinds of

activities take place in these phases, the actors crafting policies and the institutions in which policy making

occurs. You can draw on these categories to deepen your understanding of how policy formulation and adoption

unfolds.

Resources in health policy and systems reserach

Author: Sondus Hassounah Type: Electronic Article Tags: Core reading Public note: There are many free,

publically available and easily accessible resources out there for you to use. These encompass anything and

everything from simple data repositories, to complex epidemiological data and research. Evidence is

everywhere to support policy makers, stakeholders and researchers interested in how to strengthen or reform

health systems.

Course 3 week 9

Definitions of Key Concepts

Author: Sondus Hassounah Type: Text Resource Tags: Core reading

The World Health Report - Primary Health Care "Now more than ever"

Author: World Health Organization Type: Article Publication Date: 2008 Pages: Page 1-Page 18 Tags: Core

reading

Link ([Link])

Health Services Delivery: A concept note

Author: World Health Organization Europe Type: Article Publication Date: October 2015 Pages: Page 6-Page

10 Tags: Core reading

Link ([Link])

Course 3 week 10
Lessons from transforming health services delivery: Compendium of initiatives in the WHO

European Region

Author: World Health Organization Europe Type: Article Publication Date: June 2016 Pages: Page 13-Page 33

Tags: Core reading

Link ([Link])

Catalogue of resources to support health services delivery transformations

Author: World Health Organization Europe Type: Article Publication Date: August 2016 Tags: Supplementary

reading

Link ([Link])

Strengthening nursing in primary care in Poland

Author: World Health Organization Europe Type: Article Publication Date: 2019 Pages: Page 1-Page 17 Tags:

Core reading

Link ([Link])

Course 3 week 11

Working for Health and Growth

Author: High-Level Commission on Health Employment and Economic Growth Type: Document Publisher:

World Health Organization Publication Date: 2016 Pages: Page 8-Page 13 Tags: Core reading

Link ([Link])

A Universal Truth: No health without a workforce

Author: World Health Organization Type: Document Publication Date: 2013 Pages: Page 8-Page 13 Tags:

Core reading

Link ([Link])

Global strategy on human resources for health: Workforce 2030

Author: World Health Organization Type: Article Publication Date: 2016 Pages: Page 7-Page 14 Tags: Core

reading

Link ([Link])
The labour market for human resources for health in low-and middle-income countries

Author: World Health Organization Type: Article Publication Date: 2012 Pages: Page 2-Page 9 Tags: Core

reading

Link ([Link])

Health labour market policies in support of universal health coverage: a comprehensive

analysis in four African countries

Human resources for health

Author: Sousa, Angelica ; Scheffler, Richard M ; Koyi, Grayson ; Ngah, Symplice Ngah ; Abu-Agla, Ayat ;

M'Kiambati, Harrison M ; Nyoni, Jennifer Type: Article Publication Date: 2014-09-26 Total Pages: 55 Pages: 55-

Volume: 12 Issue: 1 DOI: 10.1186/1478-4491-12-55 Tags: Core reading

Course 3 week 12

Addressing the global health workforce crisis: Challenges for France, Germany, Italy, Spain

and the UK

Author: Action For Global Health Type: Article Pages: Page 17-Page 21 Tags: Core reading

Link ([Link])

Global Health Workforce Labor Market Projections for 2030

Human resources for health

Author: Liu, Jenny X ; Goryakin, Yevgeniy ; Maeda, Akiko ; Bruckner, Tim ; Scheffler, Richard Type: Article

Publication Date: 2017-02-03 Total Pages: 11 Pages: 11- Volume: 15 Issue: 1 DOI:

10.1186/s12960-017-0187-2 Tags: Core reading

Forecasting imbalances in the global health labor market and devising policy responses

Human Resources for Health

Author: Richard M. Scheffler ; James Campbell ; Giorgio Cometto ; Akiko Maeda ; Jenny Liu ; Tim A. Bruckner ;

Daniel R. Arnold ; Tim Evans Type: Article Publisher: BMC Publication Date: 2018-01-11 Total Pages: 1-10

Pages: 1-10 Volume: 16 Issue: 1 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-017-0264-6

Link ([Link])

Course 4 week 13
Going Universal: How 24 Developing countries are implementing universal health coverage

reforms from the bottom up

Author: World Bank Group Type: Article Publication Date: 2015 Pages: Page 19-Page 194 Tags: Core reading

Link ([Link])

Going Universal: How 24 Developing countries are implementing universal health coverage

from the bottom up

Author: World Bank Group Type: Article Publication Date: 2015 Pages: Page 141-Page 194 Tags: Core

reading

Link ([Link])

Strengthening health systems by health sector reforms

Global Health Action

Author: Senkubuge, Flavia ; Modisenyane, Moeketsi ; Bishaw, Tewabech Type: Article ISSN: 16549716

Publisher: Taylor & Francis Publication Date: 2014-12-01 Pages: 23568 Volume: 7 Issue: 1 DOI:

10.3402/gha.v7.23568 Tags: Supplementary reading

Link ([Link])

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