Relations & Functions
(2025)
1. Assertion – Reason Based Questions : (1 Marks) (2025)
Direction: Assertion (A) and Reason (R) based questions carrying 1 mark each. Two
statements are given, one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R).
Select the correct answer from the options (A), (B), (C), and (D) as given below.
(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and the Reason (R) is the correct
explanation of the Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of the Assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Assertion (A) : Let Z be the set of integers. A function f: Z → Z defined as f(x) = 3x −
5, ∀ x ∈ Z is a bijective.
Reason (R) : A function is a bijective if it is both surjective and injective.
2. A classroom teacher is keen to assess the learning of her students of the concept
of “relations” taught to them. She writes the following five relations each defined on
the set A = {1, 2, 3}:
• R₁ = {(2, 3), (3, 2)}
• R₂ = {(1, 2), (1, 3), (3, 2)}
• R₃ = {(1, 2), (2, 1), (1, 1)}
• R₄ = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (3, 3), (2, 2)}
• R₅ = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (3, 3), (2, 2), (2, 1), (2, 3), (3, 2)}
The students are asked to answer the following questions about the above relations:
(i) Identify the relation which is reflexive, transitive but not symmetric.
(ii) Identify the relation which is reflexive and symmetric but not transitive.
(iii) (a) Identify the relations which are symmetric but neither reflexive nor
transitive.
(b) What pairs should be added to the relation R₂ to make it an equivalence
relation? (4 Marks) (2025)
Answers
1. (D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
2. (i) R4
(ii) R5
(iii) (a) R1 and R3
(b) Required pairs to be added to make the relation R2 as an equivalence relation
are:
(1,1), (2,2), (3,3), (2,1), (3,1) and (2,3)
(2024)
1. A function f : R+ → R (where R+ is the set of all non-negative real numbers)
defined by f(x) = 4x + 3 is : (2024)
(A) one-one but not onto
(B) onto but not one-one
(C) both one-one and onto
(D) neither one-one nor onto
Ans. (A) one-one but not onto
2. A relation R on set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} is defined as R = {(x, y) : |x 2 – y2| < 8}.
Check whether the relation R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive. (2024)
Ans.
(a) Reflexive:
∵ |𝒙2 − 𝒙2| < 𝟖 ∀ 𝒙 ∈ 𝑨 ⇒ (𝒙, 𝒙) ∈ 𝑹 ∴ 𝑹 is reflexive.
(b) Symmetric:
Let (x,y) ∈ 𝑹 for some x,y ∈ A
∴ |𝒙2 − 𝒚2| < 𝟖 ⇒ |𝒚2 − 𝒙2| < 𝟖 ⇒ (𝒚, 𝒙) ∈ 𝑹
Hence R is symmetric.
(c) Transitive:
(1,2) , (2,3) ∈ 𝑹 as |𝟏2 − 𝟐2| < 𝟖 , |𝟐2 − 𝟑2| < 𝟖 respectively
But |𝟏2 − 𝟑2| ≮ 𝟖 ⇒ (𝟏, 𝟑) ∉ 𝑹
Hence 𝑹 is not transitive
3. A function f is defined from R → R as f(x) = ax + b, such that f(1) = 1 and f(2)
= 3. Find function f(x). Hence, check whether function f(x) is one-one and onto or
not. (2024)
Ans. f(x) = ax + b
Solving a + b = 1 and 2a + b = 3 to get a = 2 , b = −1
f(x) = 2x – 1
Let f (x𝟏) = f (x2) for some x𝟏, x2 ∈ 𝑹
2 x𝟏 − 𝟏 = 2 x2 − 𝟏 ⇒ x𝟏 = x2
Hence f is one – one.
Let y = 2x -1, y ∈ 𝑹 (Codomain)
⇒ x = 𝒚+1/2 ∈ 𝑹 (domain)
Also, f(x) = f(𝒚+1/2) = y
∴ f is onto.
4.
(2024)
Ans.
5. If y = (tan x)x, then find dy/dx.
Ans. y = (tan x)x
log y = x log (tan x)