REG.
NUMBER: PROGRAMME CODE:
CHINHOYI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
SCHOOL OF NATURAL SCIENCES AND MATHEMATICS
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
APPROACHES to Sampling
A1. Give a brief outline of how you would use the SIMPLE random sampling procedure.
Step 1: Create a list/register for the units or the population numbering them 1 to N .
Step 2: Use some mechanism e.g. (1) drawing well mixed numbers from a hat, (2) spinning a
cog with N edges, (3) spinning a wheel e.g. at the OK grand draw, Lotto to select
n different numbers from the 1 to N range.
Step 3: Include the unit on the list corresponding to the number selected into the sample.
Step 4: Repeat Steps 2 and 3 until the required sample size n is reached.
A2. Give a brief outline of how you would use the SYSTEMATIC random sampling procedure.
Step 1: Create a register for the sampling units.
N
Step 2: Determine the Interval Step, k = n.
Step 3: Use Simple Random Sampling within the first k units on the register to select the first
unit for the sample. Assume the unit at position 3 is selected.
Step 4: Add k to 3 to determine the position of the second unit for the sample i.e. unit at position
(3 + k ) is selected into the sample.
Step 5: Repeat Step 4 moving down the register until the required sample size n is reached.
A3. Give a brief outline of how you would use the STRATIFIED random sampling procedure.
Step 1: I would use a categorical variable to divide the population of interest into non-overlapping
homogeneous sub-populations.
Step 2: Determination of the size of each sub-populations, and identify each as Nsub−population .
page 1 of 2
REG. NUMBER: PROGRAMME CODE:
Step 3: Using (1) the total number of cases under investigation, N ; (2) the size of each sub-
population, Nsub−population ; and (3) the required sample of size n, the number of cases to
N
represent each respective sub-population will be determined as sub−population
N × n.
Step 4: For each homogeneous sub-population, I would use simple or systematic random sampling
to draw the cases to represent that homogeneous sub-population in the sample.
Step 5: Finally, I would collect the simple or systematic random samples from above together to
get the desired sample.
A4. Give a brief outline of how you would use the CLUSTER random sampling procedure.
Step 1: Divide the population of interest into naturally occurring non-overlapping heterogeneous
subgroups. clusters
Step 2: Simple or systematic random sampling is used to draw heterogeneous subgroups to include
into the sample. ALL members of a selected heterogeneous subgroup are included in the
sample.
A5. Give a brief outline of how you would use the QUOTA sampling procedure.
Step 1. To get a quota sample of size n, the target population is divided into non-overlapping
homogeneous sub-populations.
Step 2. Deliberate pre-determination of percentages or specific numbers of cases from each sub-
population of the target population to be represented in the sample.
Step 3. Cases are drawn into the sample on the basis of availability, willingness, or convenience
as long as they meet the desired characteristics.
Step 4. The drawing of cases from each sub-population into the sample stops once the deliberately
set percentage or number has been reached. No other cases will be considered once this has
been met.
A6. State ONE benefit and ONE drawback of using quota sampling.
Benefit: Allows minority groups within the population to be represented in the sample. Put
differently, it accords sample represantation to interest groups (e.g. minority, disadvantaged,
underprivileged ) within the population.
Drawback: Requires deep & thorough knowledge of the population to set the right quotas.
page 2 of 2