Note

LIVING THINGS AND NON-LIVING THINGS

Living things are those things that have life e.g. plant and animals

Non-living things are those things without life or lifeless objects.

CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS

1. MOVEMENT: is defined as the ability of a living organism to move its own body of part of its

body from one place to another. Living things move for the following reasons:

- To look for food

- To run away from danger

- To seek mate in time of reproduction

- To respond to external stimuli

2. Nutrition: is defined as the ability of a living organism to feed to enable them living to be able to carry
out life functions such as growth, respiration and reproduction. Living things use two methods of
nutrition:

A
PHYSICS

PHYSICS

1. When an airplane passes overhead at high altitude, little sound is heard because?
2. During extraction of Fe, what does CaCO₃ do?
3. Permeability of an object less than that of free space is? A. Diamagnetic B. Paramagnetic (among
options)
4. EMF in second winding? A. Stabilizing B. Increasing C. Decreasing D. Constant
5. The point of incomplete combustion in a flame is?
6. Compound used for fountain experiment? (HCl among options)
7. Best thermometer to use in a cold region? A. Alcohol B. Mercury
8. Current leads voltage by what angle in circuit shown in diagram? (π/2 and π among options)
9. Insulators cannot conduct electricity because? (conduction band and gap among options)
10. Use of a dielectric in a capacitor?
11. Instrument that measures both AC and DC?
12. Best conductor of heat? (Copper, iron among options)
13. Composition of soft solder as an alloy
14. Lenz's law is a demonstration of? A. Power transmission B. Conservation of energy
15. Where would g be minimum? (table with various distances from particle and Earth's surface)
16. Wave number if wavelength equals 3
17. Elementary modern physics is the study of?
18. Focal length of eyepiece of a microscope? A. Long B. Short
19. Which instrument measures diameter of thin wire?
20. SI unit of pressure
21. Which is a vector quantity?
22. If two forces of 5N and 12N act at right angles, resultant force is?
23. Car accelerates from rest to 20 m/s in 5 seconds - acceleration?
24. Area under a velocity-time graph represents?
25. Work is defined as?
26. Machine with efficiency 80%; input work 200J - output work?
27. Good conductor of heat? A. Copper B. Glass C. Plastic D. Wood
28. Heat required to raise temperature of 1kg of substance by 1°C is called?
29. Bending of light passing from one medium to another is called?
30. Real image formed by convex lens when object is placed?
31. A man walks 20m north, 60m east, then 8m south - how far from starting point?
32. Lenz's law works on principle of?
33. Dimensional unit of momentum - values of x, y, z
34. Appliance rated 1000W, 240V, efficiency 80% - what is resistance?
35. Red + Cyan gives?
36. Why does airplane give low sound in sky?
37. Object 2m from plane mirror - magnification?
38. Cell with EMF 2.6V and internal resistance 0.2Ω connected to 3.5Ω resistor - current in circuit?
39. Object projected horizontally from height of 50cm - reaches ground in how many seconds?
40. Three capacitors: 2μF and 4μF in parallel connected to 3μF in series - effective capacitance?
41. Two questions on energy quantization
42. Two questions on specific heat capacity
43. One question on arrangement of EMF
44. One question on relative density
45. Power generation transmits electricity at high voltage and low current to reduce?
46. Which is a secondary colour? A. Red B. Blue C. Orange D. Green
47. When pure semiconductor is heated, resistance?
48. Eyepiece focal length in compound microscope? A. Long B. Short
49. When sound wave travels from water to air, which property doesn't change?
50. Ebonite rubbed with fur has what charge?
51. Coefficient of friction between two perfect surfaces is?
52. A reaction occurs spontaneously when free energy is? A. Zero B. Negative C. Indeterminate D.
Positive
53. In optical fibre deployment, principle applied is?
54. Molecular nature of matter is NOT supported by?
55. Lightning conductor works by principle of electrostatic?
56. Board pivoted at middle with 20kg hanging 10cm from midpoint - what distance must 5kg hang to
balance?
57. Density calculation: liquid of mass 42g, density 0.08 g/cm³ added to 10g water - total density of
mixture
58. Focal length of lens with power of 5 diopters
59. Which energy source does not use a turbine? A. Solar B. Nuclear C. Wind
60. Universal gravitation - force increases as r reduces (indirect question)
61. Increase in temperature does what to surface tension?
62. Resistance of semiconductor as temperature increases?
63. Creaking of galvanised iron sheets on roof shows what?
64. Convert 102°F to °C
65. Length 250cm cylinder with temperature difference of 60°C - temperature gradient
66. As temperature of liquid increases, surface tension? A. Decreases B. Increases C. Remains constant
D. Increases then decreases
67. Heat capacity of lead: 500g, temperature 260°C, C of lead = 130 J/kg
68. Resistance of heating coil: 1000W, 240V, efficiency 80%
69. Car of EMF 12V connected in series with 1Ω resistor, current 0.2A - find internal resistance
70. Dispersion of white light is ability of white light to?
71. A missile fired from ground - Newton's law of universal gravitation, force will?
72. Factor affecting velocity of sound
73. The point at which a metre rod cuts when stretched is called?
74. When ray of light passes from air to water, it bends because?
75. When AC supply connected to lamp lights with same brightness as 12V DC - RMS value of AC is?
76. At resonance, phase angle in AC circuit is? A. 90° B. 60° C. 0° D. 180°
77. Conductor of length 2m carries 0.8A in magnetic flux density 0.5T - maximum force?
78. Object placed 2cm from plane mirror - magnification
79. Calculate energy in nuclear fusion: mass 1×10 kg, speed of light 3.0×10⁸ m/s
80. Kinetic Molecule theory of solids
81. Ball falling from 50m height, g = 10 m/s² - find time to land
82. Instrument for measuring relative humidity
83. Mass-energy equivalence: E = mc²
84. Instrument for measuring electric current
85. SI unit of power
86. Relationship between speed, distance, time
87. SI unit of force
88. Dimension of momentum
89. A body is in motion if it? A. Is at rest B. Changes position with time C. Remains in same position D.
Has constant velocity
90. Law of conservation of energy
91. Value of acceleration at Earth's surface? A. 9.8 m/s² B. 10 m/s² C. 9.81 m/s² D. 8.9 m/s²
92. Which statement about waves is true? A. Waves cannot transfer energy B. Waves require a medium
C. All waves are transverse D. Waves can be seen passing through
93. Primary function of a fuse in electric circuit?
94. 10kg block lifted 2m - work done? (g = 10 m/s²). A. 100J B. 200J C. 196J D. 400J

Post by joel omotunde-paul

joel omotunde-paul

Created Apr 1Apr 1

CHEMISTRY

CHEMISTRY

2. N₂ + 3H₂ ⇌ 2NH₃ ΔH = −90KJ - yield of ammonia decreased by? A. Increasing temperature B. Adding
1. H₂S(g) + Cl₂(g) → 2HCl(g) + S(s) - the oxidizing agent is? A. S B. HCl C. Cl₂ D. H₂S

catalyst C. Increasing pressure D. Removing ammonia

3. Organic compound with 29.3% C, 5.7% H, 65.0% Br - empirical formula? [H=1, C=12, Br=80]. A. C₃H₇Br
B. C₂H₆Br C. CH₃Br D. C₄H₇Br
4. Organic compound giving effervescence with NaHCO₃ is? A. Alkanoate B. Alkanoic Acid C. Alkanone D.
Amine
5. Molecular formula for 2-methylpropanoic acid? A. CH₃(CH₂)₃COOH B. CH₃(CH₂)₂COOH C.
(CH₃)₂CHCOOH D. CH₃CH₂COOH
6. Alkaline derivative used as disinfectant? A. CHI₃ B. CHF₃ C. CHCl₃ D. CCl₄
7. CH₃CH₂COOC₂H₅ is the product of reaction between? A. Ethanoic acid and Propanol B. Propanoic acid
and Ethanol C. Propanoic acid and Propanol D. Ethanoic acid and Ethanol
8. Detergents are manufactured with straight hydrocarbon chains to make them? A. Foamy B. Soluble C.
Biodegradable D. Alkaline
9. Product of decarboxylation of phenylmethanoic acid? A. Ethane B. Ethene C. Butanol D. Benzene
10. Residual solids from fractional distillation of petroleum used as? A. Fuel for tractors B. Coatings for
pipes C. Raw materials for cracking D. Aviation fuels
11. Organic compound formed when acid anhydrides are treated with concentrated NH₃? A. Amines B.
Amino acids C. Ethanoate D. Amides
12. Reduction of Alkanones with LiAlH₄ produces? A. Secondary alkanols B. Primary alkanols C.
Polyhydric alkanols D. Tertiary alkanols
13. A certain mass of hydrogen gas collected over water at 20°C and 760 mmHg has a volume of 40 cm³.
Calculate volume when dry at STP. [SVP of water at 20°C = 18.0 mmHg]. A. 41.9 B. 36.4 C. 51.2 D. 37.3
14. Volume occupied by 25 moles of ideal gas at −23°C and 4 atm? [R = 0.082]. A. 15.17 dm³ B. 38.84
dm³ C. 80 dm³ D. 128.1 dm³
15. Non-volatile residue from destructive distillation of coal? A. Coal tar B. Lamp black C. Coke D. Coal
gas
16. Gas used as anaesthetic? A. NO₂ B. N₂O C. NH₃ D. NO
17. Product when chlorine is added to slaked lime? A. Trioxochlorate(V) salt B. Chlorinated water C.
Oxychlorate D. Bleaching powder
18. When chlorine gas bleaches, gas liberated is? A. O₂ B. HCl(g) C. H₂ D. Cl₂
19. When stream of air passed through alkaline pyrogallol and caustic potash, constituents removed
are? A. CO₂ & O₂ B. O₂ & CO₂ C. N₂ & O₂ D. O₂ & N₂
20. Type of iron for making objects not requiring high tensile strength? A. Pig iron B. Cast iron C.
Wrought iron D. Iron rust
21. Aqua regia - ratio of concentrated HCl to HNO₃? A. 1:1 B. 2:1 C. 3:1 D. 1:3
22. The number of valence electrons in X₈ and Y₁₄ are?
23. A source of tartaric acid is?
24. Salt used in making gunpowder and matches is?
25. Bond between H₂O and H⁺? A. Dative B. Ionic C. Covalent D. Metallic
26. Solution conducting highest electricity? A. 2.0M HCl B. 0.5M Ethanoic acid C. 2.0M Ethanoic acid D.
0.5M HCl
27. Ionization energy of fluorine is far higher than potassium due to differences in?
28. A chemical reaction in which enthalpy change is positive is?
29. Members of a homologous series?
30. Use of tetraethyl lead in petrol reduced because?
31. Raw material for manufacture of synthetic plastics?
32. Gas used in fountain experiment? A. HCl B. SO C. NO₂ D. H₂S
33. Zone of a flame representing incomplete combustion?
34. Commercial preparation of hydrogen?
35. Gold does not require extraction because?
36. Major effect of oil pollution in coastal water?
37. Major advantage of hard water over soft water?
38. During filtration, the filtrate and residue respectively are?
39. Phenomenon when molecules escaping from liquid equals those returning?
40. Stainless steel is an alloy of iron with? A. Mn and Mg B. Cr and Ni C. Copper D. Pb
41. Sudan III reagent reacts with fats/oils to give what colour? A. Brown B. Red C. White D. Yellow
42. Electrolysis calculation (It/cf = m/M)
43. Two solubility calculations
44. Compound used for removing grease? A. CHCl₃ B. CCl₄ C. CH₄ D. CH₃Cl
45. Which gas law relates pressure and volume at constant temperature? (Boyle's)
46. Total protons and neutrons present in X²⁺
47. Calculation on empirical formula
48. Find density of resulting mixture: 32g of kerosene (density 0.8 g/cm³) mixed with 8g of water
49. Phosphorus has decay constant 5.85 × 10⁻³ s⁻¹. Find its half-life. A. 5.85×10⁻³ s B. 170.9 s C. 118.461 s
D. 5s
50. Equation for oxidation of SO₂ into SO₃? A. SO₂ + O₂ → SO₃ B. 2SO₂ + O₂ → 2SO₃ C. SO + O → SO₃
51. Which is involved in the Bosch Process? A. SO₂ + O₂ → SO₃ B. C + H₂O → CO + H₂ C. 2Al(OH)₃ → Al₂O₃
+ 3H₂O
52. Why isn't gold extracted? A. It's inert B. It occurs free in nature C. Expensive to extract
53. Chemical property between CH₃CH₂OH and CH₃OCH₃? A. Isomerism B. Allotropy C. Isotopy D.
Resonance
54. Why is hard water preferred over soft water? A. Better lather B. Tastes better C. Forms stalactites D.
Forms scum
55. Compound broken down to form ethanol during fermentation? A. Sucrose B. Glucose C. Ethanose D.
Sugar
56. Product of reaction between 2,2-dimethylprop-1-ol and excess K₂Cr₂O₇ under reflux?
57. Elements P, Q, R, S with atomic numbers 11, 16, 17, 20 - which most likely has 2+ ion?
58. Characteristic of members of the same homologous series?
59. Composition of aqua regia? A. 3 parts HCl to 1 part HNO₃ B. 1:1 C. Mixture of water and gold
60. Bond between atoms with atomic number 11 and 17? A. Ionic B. Covalent C. Metallic D. Dative
61. CH₄ + xO₂ → 2H₂O + CO₂. What is x? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
62. Organic compound used to make synthetic plastic? A. Propene B. Ethene C. Propenonitrile D.
Benzene
63. Oxidation state of Mn in MnO⁻? A. 2 B. 3 C. 5 D. 7
64. Solutions of pH 2.0, 3.5, 8.0, 13.0 - which is most alkaline?
65. Moles of electrons to liberate 212g of Silver (Ag = 106)?
66. Which decolorizes KMnO₄? A. C₂H₂ B. C₂H₅OH C. C₂H₆ D. C₆H₁₂O₆
67. Catalyst for decomposition of KClO₃ into oxygen? A. MnO₂ B. MnO₄ C. Ni D. H₂SO₄
68. With what does equilibrium constant change?
69. Concentration in g/dm³ of solution: dissolving 6.28g of Na₂SO₄ in 760 cm³ of water
70. Why is CuSO₄ used in demonstration of diffusion of solids in liquids?
71. Zone in a flame representing incomplete combustion
72. Name of reaction between hot alkali and fat/oil (saponification)
73. Valency if tetraoxosulphate of element X has formula X(SO₄)?
74. If 140 cm³ of hydrogen diffuses in 40s, how long will 245 cm³ of gas M take? [H=1, M=25]
75. Which does NaOH test: Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, or Ca²⁺?
76. Effect of oil pollution on marine bodies
77. Composition of soft solder
78. If enthalpy change is positive, what type of reaction?
79. Number of Faradays to pass 675C into electrolyte
80. Which is acidic in solution: H₃PO₄, NH₄Cl, MgCl₂, or Na₂CO₃?
81. Why isn't lead tetraethyl used as anti-knock agent?
82. If solubility of potassium hydrogen trioxocarbonate is 0.4 mol/dm³, calculate mass concentration in
100 cm³
83. Pairs of metals extracted by electrolysis? A. Co and Zn B. Pb and Ca C. Mg and Zn D. Mg and Co
84. In extraction of iron, limestone is added to?
85. Metallic compound used in water treatment to remove colloidal organic matter?
86. Reaction occurring spontaneously when free energy is?
87. Separation process in purification of bauxite (in order)
88. Current to deposit 2.5g of Aluminium in 2 hours (Al = 27)
89. If volume of air in tyre is doubled at constant temperature, pressure becomes?
90. Example of insoluble chloride in water? A. CuCl₂ B. AgCl C. AlCl₃ D. CaCl₂
91. Sequential order of water treatment for town supply
92. Organic compound used in manufacture of gum, cotton, explosives
93. Polymer formed by polymerization of methyl-2-methylpropenoate?
94. Few drops of concentrated HNO₃ added to unknown substance gives intense yellow coloration -
what functional group?
95. Functional group of alkyl alkanoate
96. Monomer of polyvinyl chloride
97. Calculate solubility of 18.4g of lead(II) trioxonitrate(V) dissolved in 2.6g (or 26g) of water at given
temperature
98. Van der Waals forces dominant in: H₂SO₄, H₂O, AlCl, Na?
99. Which radioactive radiation has velocity close to visible light?
100. 2SO₂ + O₂ → 2SO₃ ΔH = −189 kJ/mol - equilibrium constant increased by?
101. A reducing agent will? A. Decolorize acidified KMnO₄ B. Decolorize FeSO₄ C. Liberate CO₂ from
NaHCO₃ D. Liberate Cl₂ from chloride
102. Mass number of X is 24. X is 2+ and has 10 electrons. How many neutrons and protons?
103. Calculate resultant density of mixture: 32g with density 0.4 g/cm³ and 8g of water
104. What is an amphoteric oxide? Na₂O or Al₂O₃?
105. The reaction between an acid and a base is called?
106. Alcohol in presence of acid catalyst reacts with carboxylic acids to form? A. Alkynes B. Alkanals C.
Alkanones D. Alkanoates
107. Which of the following contains tartaric acid? A. Orange B. Banana C. Lemon D. Grape
108. Noble gas with high power of fog penetration used in aerodrome beacons? A. Krypton B. Argon C.
Xenon D. Neon
109. Which is used as fuel in miners' lamps? A. Ethanal B. Ethyne C. Ethene D. Ethane
🔥 This is a full JAMB-standard mega drill — I’ll go straight, clear, and exam-focused so you can revise
FAST and RETAIN. I’ll group + explain smartly so you don’t get overwhelmed.

✅ ANSWERS + CLEAR EXPLANATIONS

🔴 1–10 (Redox + Organic basics + Petroleum)

1. Oxidizing agent = C. Cl₂

👉 Oxidizing agent = substance that is reduced (gains electrons)
Cl₂ → Cl⁻ (reduced)

2. A. Increasing temperature
👉 Reaction is exothermic (ΔH negative) → heat is like a product → increase temp reduces yield

3. C. CH₃Br
👉 Divide % by atomic masses → simplest ratio

4. B. Alkanoic Acid
👉 Only acids react with NaHCO₃ → effervescence (CO₂)

5. C. (CH₃)₂CHCOOH
👉 2-methylpropanoic acid

6. A. CHI₃ (Iodoform)
👉 Used as disinfectant

7. B. Propanoic acid + Ethanol

👉 Ester formation rule: acid + alcohol

8. C. Biodegradable
👉 Straight chains → broken down easily

9. D. Benzene
👉 Decarboxylation removes COOH → leaves benzene

10. B. Coatings for pipes

👉 Residue = bitumen/asphalt

🔴 11–20 (Organic + Gas + Industrial chemistry)

11. D. Amides

12. A. Secondary alkanols

13. D. 37.3 cm³

👉 Use pressure correction (subtract water vapour)
 14. C. 80 dm³
👉 PV = nRT

15. C. Coke

16. B. N₂O (laughing gas)

17. D. Bleaching powder

18. A. O₂

19. B. O₂ & CO₂

20. B. Cast iron

🔴 21–30 (General chemistry)

21. C. 3:1

22. X₈ = 6 valence, Y₁₄ = 4 valence

(Oxygen group & Silicon group)

23. Grape

24. KNO₃ (Saltpetre)

25. A. Dative bond

26. A. 2.0M HCl

👉 Strong acid + high concentration

27. Atomic size / nuclear attraction

28. Endothermic reaction

29. Same functional group

30. Toxic (lead pollution)

🔴 31–40

31. Ethene

32. A. HCl (fountain experiment)

33. Luminous zone

34. Electrolysis / steam + methane (industrial)

35. Occurs free in nature

36. Kills marine life

 37. Contains minerals (health benefit)

38. Filtrate = liquid, residue = solid

39. Dynamic equilibrium

40. B. Cr and Ni

🔴 41–50

41. B. Red

42. Faraday law (formula given)

43. (Solubility calc)

44. B. CCl₄

45. Boyle’s Law

46. Depends on given data

47. Empirical calc

48. Density = 0.67 g/cm³

49. B. 170.9 s
👉 t½ = 0.693 / λ

50. B. 2SO₂ + O₂ → 2SO₃

🔴 51–60

51. B. C + H₂O → CO + H₂ (Bosch)

52. B. Occurs free

53. A. Isomerism

54. B. Tastes better

55. B. Glucose

56. Tertiary alcohol → no oxidation

57. Calcium (20)

58. Same general formula

59. A. 3:1

60. A. Ionic
🔴 61–70

61. B. 2

62. B. Ethene

63. D. +7

64. 13.0

65. 2 moles electrons

66. A. C₂H₂ (unsaturated)

67. A. MnO₂

68. Temperature

69. 8.26 g/dm³

70. Colour change visibility

🔴 71–80

71. Luminous zone

72. Saponification

73. Valency = 2

74. ≈ 84 s

75. All (precipitate test)

76. Destroys marine life

77. Pb + Sn

78. Endothermic

79. 0.007 Faradays

80. NH₄Cl

🔴 81–90

81. Toxic

82. ≈ 4.0 g

83. D. Mg and Co
 84. Remove impurities (slag)

85. Al₂(SO₄)₃ (Alum)

86. Negative free energy

87. Crushing → digestion → precipitation

88. ≈ 1.34 A

89. Halves

90. B. AgCl

🔴 91–100

91. Sedimentation → filtration → chlorination

92. Cellulose

93. Perspex (PMMA)

94. Protein (–NH₂ group)

95. –COO–

96. CH₂=CHCl

97. (Solubility calc)

98. Na (metallic), others intermolecular

99. Gamma rays

100. Decrease temperature

🔴 101–109

101. A. Decolorize KMnO₄

102. Protons = 12, neutrons = 12

103. ≈ 0.5 g/cm³

104. Al₂O₃

105. Neutralization

106. D. Alkanoates (esters)

107. D. Grape

108. C. Xenon
 109. B. Ethyne

🎯 ULTRA-IMPORTANT JAMB TAKEAWAYS

🔥 You just covered:

 Redox tricks

 Organic naming + reactions

 Gas laws

 Electrolysis

 Industrial chemistry

 Environmental chemistry

🚀 If you want next level:

I can:
✅ Turn this into flashcards for quick revision
✅ Give likely repeated JAMB questions from this set
✅ Or test you with CBT-style exam (real difficulty)

Just tell me 👍