PRACTICAL PROBLEMS ON PROCESS MODELLING
Problem 1: Library Management System
Scenario: A library wants to manage book loans, member registrations, and
inventory. The processes include:
Member registration (inputs: Member details, outputs: Membership ID).
Book borrowing (inputs: Book ID, Membership ID; outputs: Borrowed book record).
Returning books (inputs: Book ID; outputs: Updated inventory).
Task:
Create a context-level DFD showing the library system interacting with external
entities such as members and administrators.
Create a Level 0 DFD detailing key processes: Member Registration, Borrow Book,
and Return Book.
Design a Level 1 DFD for the "Borrow Book" process, showing interactions with the
database and inventory.
Problem 2: Online Shopping System
Scenario: An online shopping platform processes orders, manages products, and
handles payments. Key processes:
Browsing products (inputs: Search query; outputs: Product list).
Placing orders (inputs: Cart details; outputs: Order ID).
Processing payments (inputs: Payment details; outputs: Confirmation).
Task:
Draw a context diagram showing interactions with users, payment systems, and
inventory management.
Create a Level 0 DFD detailing core processes: Browse Products, Place Order, and
Process Payment.
Develop a Level 1 DFD for the "Process Payment" function, showing interactions
with payment gateways and order records.
Problem 3: Hospital Patient Management
Scenario: A hospital manages patient information, doctor schedules, and billing. Key
processes:
Patient registration (inputs: Patient details; outputs: Patient ID).
Scheduling appointments (inputs: Patient ID, Doctor ID; outputs: Appointment
record).
Generating bills (inputs: Patient ID, Treatment details; outputs: Invoice).
Task:
Design a context diagram showing data flow between the hospital system, patients,
and doctors.
Create a Level 0 DFD for processes like Register Patient, Schedule Appointment, and
Generate Bill.
Create a Level 1 DFD for the "Generate Bill" process, showing connections to
treatment records and the billing database.
Problem 4: University Enrollment System
Scenario: A university enrollment system allows students to register, enroll in
courses, and pay fees. Key processes:
Student registration (inputs: Student details; outputs: Student ID).
Course enrollment (inputs: Student ID, Course ID; outputs: Enrollment record).
Fee payment (inputs: Student ID, Payment details; outputs: Payment confirmation).
Task:
Create a context diagram showing interactions between students, university
administration, and financial systems.
Draw a Level 0 DFD for processes like Register Student, Enroll in Course, and
Process Payment.
Design a Level 1 DFD for "Enroll in Course," showing interactions with the course
catalog and student records.
Problem 5: Banking System
Scenario: A bank processes customer requests for account management, transactions,
and statements. Key processes:
Opening an account (inputs: Customer details; outputs: Account ID).
Depositing/withdrawing money (inputs: Account ID, Amount; outputs: Transaction
record).
Generating statements (inputs: Account ID; outputs: Statement).
Task:
Draw a context diagram showing external entities like customers and banking servers.
Create a Level 0 DFD for processes like Open Account, Manage Transactions, and
Generate Statement.
Develop a Level 1 DFD for "Manage Transactions," detailing deposit, withdrawal,
and update of account balance.
Problem 6: E-Government System
Scenario: An e-government portal allows citizens to apply for services, track
requests, and make payments. Key processes:
Citizen registration (inputs: Personal details; outputs: Citizen ID).
Service application (inputs: Citizen ID, Service details; outputs: Application ID).
Payment processing (inputs: Application ID, Payment details; outputs: Payment
confirmation).
Task:
Draw a context diagram for the e-government portal.
Create a Level 0 DFD showing processes like Register Citizen, Apply for Service,
and Process Payment.
Develop a Level 1 DFD for "Apply for Service," showing interactions with the citizen
database and service records.
Problem 7: Restaurant Management System
Scenario: A restaurant needs to manage orders, process payments, and maintain
inventory. Key processes:
Taking orders (inputs: Menu selection; outputs: Order record).
Processing payments (inputs: Order ID, Payment details; outputs: Receipt).
Updating inventory (inputs: Order details; outputs: Updated stock levels).
Task:
Create a context diagram showing external entities like customers and suppliers.
Draw a Level 0 DFD for processes like Take Order, Process Payment, and Update
Inventory.
Design a Level 1 DFD for "Update Inventory," detailing connections to the inventory
database.
Problem 8: Travel Booking System
Scenario: A travel agency system handles customer bookings, itinerary management,
and payment processing. Key processes:
Searching itineraries (inputs: Destination, Date; outputs: Itinerary options).
Booking tickets (inputs: Customer details, Itinerary ID; outputs: Booking
confirmation).
Processing payments (inputs: Booking ID, Payment details; outputs: Payment
receipt).
Task:
Create a context diagram for the travel booking system.
Draw a Level 0 DFD for processes like Search Itineraries, Book Tickets, and Process
Payment.
Develop a Level 1 DFD for "Book Tickets," showing interactions with customer and
itinerary databases.
Problem 9: Inventory Management System
Scenario: A warehouse needs to track incoming shipments, outgoing orders, and
stock levels. Key processes:
Receiving shipments (inputs: Shipment details; outputs: Updated stock record).
Managing orders (inputs: Order details; outputs: Dispatch record).
Generating inventory reports (inputs: Stock data; outputs: Report).
Task:
Draw a context diagram showing suppliers and customers interacting with the
warehouse system.
Create a Level 0 DFD for processes like Receive Shipment, Manage Orders, and
Generate Report.
Design a Level 1 DFD for "Manage Orders," showing connections to stock and order
databases.
Problem 10: Healthcare System
Scenario: A healthcare system tracks patient appointments, treatments, and billing.
Key processes:
Scheduling appointments (inputs: Patient details, Doctor details; outputs:
Appointment confirmation).
Recording treatments (inputs: Patient ID, Treatment details; outputs: Medical record).
Processing bills (inputs: Patient ID, Treatment cost; outputs: Bill).
Task:
Create a context diagram for the healthcare system.
Draw a Level 0 DFD for processes like Schedule Appointment, Record Treatment,
and Process Bill.
Develop a Level 1 DFD for "Process Bill," showing links to patient and treatment
databases.
Problem 11: Online Course Platform
Scenario: An online course platform manages user registrations, course enrollments,
and progress tracking. Key processes:
User registration (inputs: User details; outputs: User ID).
Course enrollment (inputs: User ID, Course ID; outputs: Enrollment record).
Tracking progress (inputs: User ID, Course ID; outputs: Progress report).
Task:
Design a context diagram for the platform.
Create a Level 0 DFD for processes like Register User, Enroll in Course, and Track
Progress.
Create a Level 1 DFD for "Track Progress," showing interactions with course and
user databases.
Problem 12: Food Delivery System
Scenario: A food delivery app tracks restaurants, customer orders, and deliveries.
Key processes:
Placing orders (inputs: Menu selection; outputs: Order ID).
Assigning delivery (inputs: Order ID; outputs: Delivery record).
Tracking orders (inputs: Order ID; outputs: Order status).
Task:
Draw a context diagram showing customers and restaurants interacting with the
system.
Create a Level 0 DFD for processes like Place Order, Assign Delivery, and Track
Order.
Design a Level 1 DFD for "Assign Delivery," showing links to order and delivery
databases.
Problem 13: Grocery Store Management System
Scenario: A grocery store needs a system to manage inventory, sales, and supplier
orders. The processes include:
Managing inventory (inputs: Product details, Stock updates; outputs: Updated
inventory).
Processing sales (inputs: Product ID, Quantity, Payment; outputs: Receipt, Updated
stock).
Reordering stock (inputs: Low stock notification; outputs: Supplier order).
Task:
Draw a context diagram showing customers, suppliers, and the store interacting with
the system.
Create a Level 0 DFD for processes like Manage Inventory, Process Sales, and
Reorder Stock.
Create a Level 1 DFD for "Process Sales," detailing the steps of stock deduction and
receipt generation.
Problem 14: Vehicle Maintenance System
Scenario: An auto repair shop needs a system to manage customer details, service
records, and billing. The processes include:
Scheduling services (inputs: Customer ID, Vehicle details, Service date; outputs:
Service schedule).
Recording services performed (inputs: Service details; outputs: Service report).
Generating bills (inputs: Service details, Cost; outputs: Invoice).
Task:
Design a context diagram for the vehicle maintenance system, including customers
and mechanics as external entities.
Create a Level 0 DFD for processes like Schedule Service, Record Service, and
Generate Bill.
Develop a Level 1 DFD for "Record Service," showing interactions with customer
and vehicle records.
Problem 15: Food Ordering App
Scenario: A food delivery app processes orders, tracks delivery, and handles
payments. The processes include:
Placing an order (inputs: Menu selection, Address; outputs: Order confirmation).
Assigning a delivery agent (inputs: Order ID; outputs: Delivery details).
Processing payments (inputs: Payment method; outputs: Payment receipt).
Task:
Draw a context diagram with customers, restaurants, and delivery agents interacting
with the system.
Create a Level 0 DFD for processes like Place Order, Assign Delivery, and Process
Payment.
Develop a Level 1 DFD for "Assign Delivery," showing interactions with the order
database and delivery agents.
Problem 16: Fitness Center Management System
Scenario: A fitness center needs a system to manage memberships, bookings for
classes, and payments. The processes include:
Member registration (inputs: Member details; outputs: Membership record).
Booking fitness classes (inputs: Member ID, Class ID; outputs: Booking
confirmation).
Processing payments (inputs: Member ID, Payment details; outputs: Receipt).
Task:
Design a context diagram showing members and trainers interacting with the system.
Create a Level 0 DFD for processes like Register Member, Book Class, and Process
Payment.
Develop a Level 1 DFD for "Book Class," showing connections to member and class
schedules.
Problem 17: Warehouse Shipping and Receiving System
Scenario: A warehouse tracks shipments received, orders dispatched, and stock
updates. The processes include:
Receiving shipments (inputs: Shipment details; outputs: Updated stock record).
Dispatching orders (inputs: Order details;
Problem 5: Warehouse Shipping and Receiving System (continued)
(outputs: Dispatch record).
3. Managing inventory (inputs: Stock updates; outputs: Inventory report).
Task:
Draw a context diagram showing suppliers, customers, and the warehouse interacting
with the system.
Create a Level 0 DFD for processes like Receive Shipment, Dispatch Orders, and
Manage Inventory.
Develop a Level 1 DFD for "Dispatch Orders," showing interactions with stock
records and order requests.
Problem 18: Event Management System
Scenario: An event planning company wants a system to manage clients, bookings,
and vendor assignments. The processes include:
Client registration (inputs: Client details; outputs: Client record).
Booking events (inputs: Event details, Client ID; outputs: Booking confirmation).
Assigning vendors (inputs: Vendor details, Event ID; outputs: Vendor assignment).
Task:
Design a context diagram showing interactions between clients, vendors, and the
event management system.
Create a Level 0 DFD for processes like Register Client, Book Event, and Assign
Vendor.
Create a Level 1 DFD for "Book Event," detailing interactions with event and client
databases.
Problem 19: Healthcare Pharmacy System
Scenario: A pharmacy system tracks prescriptions, inventory, and sales. The
processes include:
Managing prescriptions (inputs: Patient ID, Prescription details; outputs: Prescription
record).
Selling medications (inputs: Prescription ID, Payment; outputs: Sale record).
Updating stock (inputs: Medication details, Sale details; outputs: Updated stock).
Task:
Draw a context diagram for the pharmacy system, including patients and suppliers as
external entities.
Create a Level 0 DFD for processes like Manage Prescription, Sell Medication, and
Update Stock.
Develop a Level 1 DFD for "Sell Medication," showing connections to stock and
sales records.
Problem 20: Customer Support Ticketing System
Scenario: A company’s customer support team needs a system to handle customer
complaints, assign support staff, and track resolutions. The processes include:
Logging complaints (inputs: Customer details, Complaint details; outputs: Ticket ID).
Assigning support staff (inputs: Ticket ID, Staff details; outputs: Assignment record).
Resolving complaints (inputs: Ticket ID, Resolution details; outputs: Resolution
report).
Task:
Create a context diagram showing interactions between customers, support staff, and
the system.
Draw a Level 0 DFD for processes like Log Complaint, Assign Staff, and Resolve
Complaint.
Develop a Level 1 DFD for "Resolve Complaint," showing steps for feedback
collection and complaint closure.
Deliverables for Each Problem:
Context Diagram: Identify external entities interacting with the system.
Level 0 DFD: Visualize major processes and data flows.
Level 1 DFD: Provide detailed views of specific processes, including data stores and
flows.