Tutorial 4

Double Integral with Constant Bounds (Rectangular Region)

Example 1
Evaluate
𝟐 𝟑
∫𝟎 [∫𝟏 (𝟒𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟑 − 𝟑𝒙𝒚 + 𝟓) 𝒅𝒚] 𝒅𝒙
Solution
Integrate wrt 𝑦 first:
3𝑥
∫ (4𝑥 2 𝑦 3 − 3𝑥𝑦 + 5) 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑥 2 𝑦 4 − 2
𝑦 2 + 5𝑦
Apply the bounds 𝑦 = 1 to 𝑦 = 3:
3𝑥 3𝑥
(𝑥 2 ⋅ 81 − ⋅ 9 + 15) − (𝑥 2 ⋅ 1 − ⋅ 1 + 5) = 80𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 10
2 2
Now integrate wrt 𝑥:
2 80 2 640 628
∫0 (80𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 10) 𝑑𝑥 = ( 3 𝑥 3 − 6𝑥 2 + 10𝑥) = 3
− 24 + 20 = 3
0

Example 2
Evaluate
𝟒 𝟐
∫𝟏 [∫𝟎 (𝟐𝒙𝟑 𝒚𝟐 + 𝟔𝒙𝒚 − 𝟏) 𝒅𝒚] 𝒅𝒙
Solution
Integrate wrt 𝑦:
2𝑥 3
∫ (2𝑥 3 𝑦 2 + 6𝑥𝑦 − 1) 𝑑𝑦 = 3
𝑦 3 + 3𝑥𝑦 2 − 𝑦
Apply 𝑦 = 0 to 𝑦 = 2:
2𝑥 3 16
⋅ 8 + 3𝑥 ⋅ 4 − 2 = 𝑥 3 + 12𝑥 − 2
3 3
Integrate wrt 𝑥:
4 16 4 4
∫1 ( 3 𝑥 3 + 12𝑥 − 2) 𝑑𝑥 = (3 𝑥 4 + 6𝑥 2 − 2𝑥)
1
At 𝑥 = 4:
4 1300
⋅ 256 + 96 − 8 =
3 3
At 𝑥 = 1:
4 16
+6−2=
3 3
Therefore,
1300 16 1284
− = = 424
3 3 3

Dr. Awad Talal

Tutorial 4

Iterated Integral over a Region Between Two Curves

Example 3
Evaluate
𝟐 𝒚𝟐
∫𝟏 [∫𝒚 𝟐𝒙𝒚 𝒅𝒙] 𝒅𝒚
Solution
Integrate wrt 𝑥:
∫ 2𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦𝑥 2
Apply 𝑥 = 𝑦 to 𝑥 = 𝑦 2:
𝑦(𝑦 2 )2 − 𝑦(𝑦)2 = 𝑦 5 − 𝑦 3
Now integrate wrt 𝑦:
2
2 𝑦6 𝑦4
∫1 (𝑦 5 − 𝑦 3 ) 𝑑𝑦 = ( 6 − 4
)
1

64 16 1 1 27
= (6 − ) − (6 − 4) =
4 4

Example 4
Evaluate
𝟐 𝒚𝟑
∫𝟏 [∫𝒚 𝒙 𝒚𝟐 𝒅𝒙] 𝒅𝒚
Solution
Integrate wrt 𝑥:
𝑥2
∫ 𝑥𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦 2 ⋅ 2
Apply bounds:
𝑦2 1
((𝑦 3 )2 − 𝑦 2 ) = 2 (𝑦 8 − 𝑦 4 )
2
Integrate wrt 𝑦:
2
2 1 1 𝑦9 𝑦5
∫1 (𝑦 8 − 𝑦 4 ) 𝑑𝑦 = 2 ( 9 − )
2 5 1

1 512 32 1 1 1 511 31
= 2( − − 9 + 5) = 2 ( − )
9 5 9 5

1 2555−279 1138
=2⋅ =
45 45

Dr. Awad Talal

Tutorial 4

Double Integral Over a Region Bounded by a Line and a Parabola

(Type I Region)

Example 5
Compute
∬𝑫 𝒙𝒚 𝒅𝑨
where 𝑫 is bounded by the line 𝒚 = 𝒙 and the parabola 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒙 + 𝟐.
Solution (Type I in 𝒚)

𝑦 = 𝑥 ⇒ 𝑥 = 𝑦, 𝑦2 = 𝑥 + 2 ⇒ 𝑥 = 𝑦2 − 2
Find intersections:
𝑦 = 𝑦 2 − 2 ⇒ 𝑦 2 − 𝑦 − 2 = 0 ⇒ (𝑦 − 2)(𝑦 + 1) = 0
So −1 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 2. Then
2 𝑦
∬𝐷 𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝐴 = ∫−1 ∫𝑦 2−2 𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦

𝑥2
∫ 𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦 2
So
2 𝑦
= ∫−1 2 (𝑦 2 − (𝑦 2 − 2)2 ) 𝑑𝑦

2 𝑦 2 𝑦
= ∫−1 2 (𝑦 2 − (𝑦 4 − 4𝑦 2 + 4)) 𝑑𝑦 = ∫−1 2 (−𝑦 4 + 5𝑦 2 − 4) 𝑑𝑦

2 1 5
= ∫−1 (− 2 𝑦 5 + 2 𝑦 3 − 2𝑦) 𝑑𝑦

2
𝑦6 5𝑦 4
= (− 12 + − 𝑦2)
8 −1
At 𝑦 = 2:
64 5⋅16 16 2
− 12 + −4=− + 10 − 4 = 3
8 3
At 𝑦 = −1:
1 5 11
− 12 + 8 − 1 = − 24
Therefore,
2 11 16 11 27 9
− (− 24) = 24 + 24 = 24 = 8
3

Dr. Awad Talal

Tutorial 4

Example 6
Compute
∬𝑫 𝒙𝒚 𝒅𝑨
where 𝑫 is bounded by the line 𝒚 = 𝒙 + 𝟏 and the parabola 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒙 + 𝟏.
Solution
Convert to 𝑥 in terms of 𝑦:
𝑦 = 𝑥 + 1 ⇒ 𝑥 = 𝑦 − 1, 𝑦2 = 𝑥 + 1 ⇒ 𝑥 = 𝑦2 − 1
Intersections:
𝑦 − 1 = 𝑦 2 − 1 ⇒ 𝑦 2 − 𝑦 = 0 ⇒ 𝑦 = 0,1
So
1 𝑦−1
∬𝐷 𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝐴 = ∫0 ∫𝑦 2−1 𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
Inner integral:
𝑥2
∫ 𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦 2
Thus
1 𝑦
∫0 ((𝑦 − 1)2 − (𝑦 2 − 1)2 ) 𝑑𝑦
2
Compute:
(𝑦 − 1)2 = 𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 + 1, (𝑦 2 − 1)2 = 𝑦 4 − 2𝑦 2 + 1
So the difference is
(𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 + 1) − (𝑦 4 − 2𝑦 2 + 1) = −𝑦 4 + 3𝑦 2 − 2𝑦
Hence the integrand becomes
𝑦 1 3
(−𝑦 4 + 3𝑦 2 − 2𝑦) = − 2 𝑦 5 + 2 𝑦 3 − 𝑦 2
2
Integrate:
1
1 1 3 𝑦6 3𝑦 4 𝑦3
∫0 (− 2 𝑦 5 + 2 𝑦 3 − 𝑦 2 ) 𝑑𝑦 = (− 12 + 8
− 3
)
0

1 3 1 −2+9−8 1
= − 12 + 8 − 3 = = − 24
24

Dr. Awad Talal

Tutorial 4

Volume of a Solid Bounded by Coordinate Planes and a Plane

Example 7
Find the volume of the solid bounded by
𝒙 = 𝟎, 𝒚 = 𝟎, 𝒛 = 𝟎, 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 + 𝒛 = 𝟐
Solution
Solve for 𝑧:
𝑧 = 2 − 𝑥 − 2𝑦
Projection on the 𝑥𝑦-plane:
𝑧 ≥ 0 ⇒ 𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≤ 2, 𝑥 ≥ 0, 𝑦 ≥ 0
So
2−𝑥
2
𝑉 = ∫0 ∫0 2 (2 − 𝑥 − 2𝑦) 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
Inner integral:
∫ (2 − 𝑥 − 2𝑦) 𝑑𝑦 = (2 − 𝑥)𝑦 − 𝑦 2
2−𝑥
Evaluate at 𝑦 = :
2
2−𝑥 2−𝑥 2 (2−𝑥)2 (2−𝑥)2 (2−𝑥)2
(2 − 𝑥) −( ) = − =
2 2 2 4 4
Thus
2 (2−𝑥)2 2
𝑉 = ∫0 𝑑𝑥 = 3
4
Example 8
Find the volume bounded by
𝒙 = 𝟎, 𝒚 = 𝟎, 𝒛 = 𝟎, 𝟑𝒙 + 𝒚 + 𝒛 = 𝟑
Solution

𝑧 = 3 − 3𝑥 − 𝑦
Region:
3𝑥 + 𝑦 ≤ 3, 𝑥 ≥ 0, 𝑦 ≥ 0
Then
1 3−3𝑥
𝑉 = ∫0 ∫0 (3 − 3𝑥 − 𝑦) 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
Inner integral:
𝑦2
∫ (3 − 3𝑥 − 𝑦) 𝑑𝑦 = (3 − 3𝑥)𝑦 − 2
At 𝑦 = 3 − 3𝑥:
(3−3𝑥)2 (3−3𝑥)2
(3 − 3𝑥)(3 − 3𝑥) − =
2 2
So
1 (3−3𝑥)2 9 1
𝑉 = ∫0 𝑑𝑥 = 2 ∫0 (1 − 𝑥)2 𝑑𝑥
2

1
9 (1−𝑥)3 9 1 3
= 2[ ] =2⋅3=2
−3 0

Dr. Awad Talal

Tutorial 4

Volume Under 𝒛 = 𝒄 − 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐 Above a Region Bounded by

Curves
Example 9
Find the volume under
𝒛 = 𝟒 − 𝒙 𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐
above the region 𝑹 bounded by 𝒚 = √𝒙, 𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙, and the 𝒙-axis.
Solution
Convert to 𝑥 in terms of 𝑦:
𝑦
𝑦 = √𝑥 ⇒ 𝑥 = 𝑦 2 , 𝑦 = 2𝑥 ⇒ 𝑥 = 2
1
Intersections in 𝑦: 𝑦 = 0 and 𝑦 = 2. Then
1/2 𝑦/2
𝑉 = ∫0 ∫𝑦 2 (4 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
Compute the inner integral:
𝑥3
∫ (4 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 4𝑥 − 3
− 𝑦2𝑥
𝑦
Apply bounds 𝑥 = 𝑦 2 to 𝑥 = 2:
𝑦 1 𝑦 3 𝑦 (𝑦 2 )3
(4 ⋅ − ( ) − 𝑦 2 ⋅ ) − (4𝑦 2 − − 𝑦2 ⋅ 𝑦2)
2 3 2 2 3
𝑦3 𝑦3 𝑦6
= (2𝑦 − 24 − ) − (4𝑦 2 − − 𝑦4)
2 3
𝑦6 13 3
= 2𝑦 − 4𝑦 2 + 𝑦 4 + − 𝑦
3 24
Thus
1/2 13 𝑦6
𝑉 = ∫0 (2𝑦 − 4𝑦 2 − 24 𝑦 3 + 𝑦 4 + ) 𝑑𝑦
3
4 13 1 1 1/2 4381
= (𝑦 2 − 3 𝑦 3 − 96 𝑦 4 + 5 𝑦 5 + 21 𝑦 7 ) = 53760
0
Example 10
Find the volume under
𝒛 = 𝟐𝟓 − 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐
above the region bounded by 𝒚 = 𝟑√𝒙, 𝒚 = 𝟓𝒙, and the 𝒙-axis.
Solution
Convert to 𝑥 in terms of 𝑦:
𝑦2 𝑦
𝑦 = 3√𝑥 ⇒ 𝑥 = , 𝑦 = 5𝑥 ⇒ 𝑥 =
9 5
9
Intersections: 𝑦 = 0 and 𝑦 = . Then
5
9/5 𝑦/5
𝑉= ∫0 ∫𝑦 2/9 (25 − 𝑥 − 𝑦 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
2

Inner integral:
𝑥3
∫ (25 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 25𝑥 − 3
− 𝑦2𝑥
Apply bounds:
3
𝑦 1 𝑦 3 𝑦 𝑦2 1 𝑦2 𝑦2
(25 ⋅ − ( ) − 𝑦 2 ⋅ ) − (25 ⋅ − 3 ( 9 ) − 𝑦2 ⋅ )
5 3 5 5 9 9
Thus
2835027
𝑉 = 1093750

Dr. Awad Talal

Tutorial 4

Prism Volume Over a Triangular Base and Under a Plane

Example 11
The base in the 𝒙𝒚-plane is bounded by 𝒚 = 𝟎, 𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙, 𝒙 = 𝟏. The top surface is
𝒛=𝟒−𝒙−𝒚
Find the volume.
Solution

1 2𝑥
𝑉 = ∫0 ∫0 (4 − 𝑥 − 𝑦) 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
Inner integral:
𝑦2
∫ (4 − 𝑥 − 𝑦) 𝑑𝑦 = (4 − 𝑥)𝑦 − 2
At 𝑦 = 2𝑥:
(2𝑥)2
(4 − 𝑥)(2𝑥) − = 8𝑥 − 2𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 2 = 8𝑥 − 4𝑥 2
2
Then
1 4 1 8
𝑉 = ∫0 (8𝑥 − 4𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥 = (4𝑥 2 − 3 𝑥 3 ) = 3
0

Example 12
The base is bounded by 𝒚 = 𝟎, 𝒚 = 𝒙, 𝒙 = 𝟐. The top surface is
𝒛 = 𝟓 − 𝟐𝒙 − 𝒚
Find the volume.
Solution

2 𝑥
𝑉 = ∫0 ∫0 (5 − 2𝑥 − 𝑦) 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
Inner integral:
𝑦2
∫ (5 − 2𝑥 − 𝑦) 𝑑𝑦 = (5 − 2𝑥)𝑦 − 2
At 𝑦 = 𝑥:
𝑥2 5
(5 − 2𝑥)𝑥 − = 5𝑥 − 2 𝑥 2
2
Then
2 5 5 5 2 20 10
𝑉 = ∫0 (5𝑥 − 2 𝑥 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 = (2 𝑥 2 − 6 𝑥 3 ) = 10 − =
0 6 3

Dr. Awad Talal

Tutorial 4

Polar Coordinates
Example 13
Evaluate
𝟐 +𝒚𝟐
∬𝑹 𝒆𝒙 𝒅𝑨
where 𝑹 is the upper semicircle 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 ≤ 𝟒, 𝒚 ≥ 𝟎.
Solution (Polar)

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑟 2 , 𝑑𝐴 = 𝑟 𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝜃
Bounds: 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 𝜋, 0 ≤ 𝑟 ≤ 2.
𝜋 2 2
∫0 ∫0 𝑒 𝑟 𝑟 𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝜃

2 1 2 2 1
∫ 𝑒 𝑟 𝑟 𝑑𝑟 = 2 𝑒 𝑟 ⇒ ∫0 = 2 (𝑒 4 − 1)

𝜋 1 𝜋
= ∫0 (𝑒 4 − 1) 𝑑𝜃 = 2 (𝑒 4 − 1)
2
Example 14
Evaluate the same integral over the quarter disk in the first quadrant 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 ≤ 𝟏, 𝒙 ≥ 𝟎,
𝒚 ≥ 𝟎.
Solution
𝜋
Bounds: 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 2 , 0 ≤ 𝑟 ≤ 1.
𝜋/2 1 2 𝜋/2 1 𝜋
∫0 ∫0 𝑒 𝑟 𝑟 𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝜃 = ∫0 2
(𝑒 − 1) 𝑑𝜃 = 4 (𝑒 − 1)

Dr. Awad Talal

Tutorial 4

(Between Two Circles)

Example 15
Evaluate
∬𝑹 (𝟐𝒙 + 𝒚𝟐 ) 𝒅𝑨
where 𝑹 is the upper half region between 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟏 and 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟒.
Solution (Polar)

𝑥 = 𝑟cos𝜃, 𝑦 = 𝑟sin𝜃, 𝑑𝐴 = 𝑟 𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝜃
Bounds: 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 𝜋, 1 ≤ 𝑟 ≤ 2.
𝜋 2
∫0 ∫1 (2𝑟cos𝜃 + 𝑟 2 sin2 𝜃)𝑟 𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝜃

𝜋 2
= ∫0 ∫1 (2𝑟 2 cos𝜃 + 𝑟 3 sin2 𝜃) 𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝜃
The cos𝜃 term integrates to 0 over [0, 𝜋]. Hence:
𝜋 2 𝜋 15 15𝜋
(∫0 sin2 𝜃 𝑑𝜃) (∫1 𝑟 3 𝑑𝑟) = 2 ⋅ =
4 8

Example 16
Evaluate
∬𝑹 (𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚𝟐 ) 𝒅𝑨
where 𝑹 is the upper half region between 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟏 and 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟗.
Solution (Polar)

𝑥 + 2𝑦 2 = 𝑟cos𝜃 + 2𝑟 2 sin2 𝜃 ⇒ (𝑥 + 2𝑦 2 ) 𝑑𝐴 = (𝑟 2 cos𝜃 + 2𝑟 3 sin2 𝜃) 𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝜃

Bounds: 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 𝜋, 1 ≤ 𝑟 ≤ 3.
𝜋 3
∫0 ∫1 (𝑟 2 cos𝜃 + 2𝑟 3 sin2 𝜃) 𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝜃
The cos𝜃 term integrates to 0, so:
𝜋 3
(∫0 2sin2 𝜃 𝑑𝜃) (∫1 𝑟 3 𝑑𝑟) = 𝜋 ⋅ 20 = 20𝜋

Dr. Awad Talal