ART APPRECIATION (REVIEWER) approach, we tap our emotions and memories

when we encounter a work of art. Art appreciation

CHAPTER 1
enables a conversation and understanding that
LESSON 1: WHAT IS ART APPRECIATION there are several approaches in the interpretation of
art by listening to the various ideas and opinions
 Art is a necessary component of our existence. It about it.
pervades every part of our lives and selves. The  Art has been an avenue for people to convey and
phrase "art appreciation" refers to the express things that seem impossible to say.
understanding of the universal and timeless Through its visual medium, we are able to feel joy,
elements that distinguish all great art. It's sadness, rage, and grief. That is why our
commonly used to describe the study of visual art interpretation is so crucial as a final piece in art
forms or the introduction of basic visual literacy appreciation. Through our perspective, an artwork
principles. comes to life and shifts with every person who
 It refers to the analysis of an artwork's form for encounters it.
public audiences in hopes of improving their  Basically, art appreciation and analysis are
appreciation of such works of art. It can be studied significant part in our lives for the reason that it
independently from its subject matter, symbolism, helps us value art in terms of how it connects to us
or historical background. Art appreciation can be and what it means to us as an individual. It
personal and influenced by personal inclinations highlights the background and history of the work
for aesthetics and form, or it can be objective and of art as well as the artist’s biographies. It also
based on a number of design features and looks into the design, technique, and expertise to
principles, as well as cultural and social critically examine it.
acceptance.  Most of all, art appreciation promotes analysis and
 It can be very subjective, based on an individual's critical understanding, enabling us to go beyond
preferences and personal tastes, or objective, based what meets the eye.
on factors such as the piece's design and mastery.
A closer investigation into the piece's context,
historical implication, and background, as well as a
study of its roots, is part of art appreciation.
 Art is derived from the Latin word ars, which
means "trade or specialized type of skill, such as
carpentry, smithy, or surgery."
 Art encompasses varied genre and color. Its basic
goal is to present a message and a thought from its
audience.
 An artist’s ultimate goal is to produce an art that
can speak and connect to its audience on an
intimate level and is to be interpreted in various
ways. Given that there is an influx of styles and
trends at a rapid pace in the dynamic world of art,
an artist absolutely needs to connect to its target
audience in the most effective way. An artwork
aims to tap the subconscious of any person who
sees and experience it.
 There are various reasons why art appreciation is
so significant in one’s life. It is an avenue to study
about the time period and history of the art piece
when it was created. In another perspective, an
artist oftentimes reflects their own struggles and
social challenges. In this way, we will be able to
comprehend such societal happenings by putting
ourselves in the point of view of an artist.
Basically, we will be able to relate ourselves to the
concerns of the artists.
 It is said that art is intended to elicit understanding
and communication with its audience. In this
 seen it or taken pictures of it. Nature and Art,
on the other hand, are both incredibly special
LESSON 2: ASSUMPTIONS AND NATURE OF
and unique things that may borrow elements
ART
from one other but can never be the
 Sometimes art can be a complicated and confusing equivalent.
thing where we cannot make a connection or make - A French painter, Paul Cezanne, painted a
meaning out of it. Perhaps it is better to fully scene from reality entitled Well and Grinding
understand how art is perceived based on the Wheel in the Forest of the Chateau Noir
different assumptions about it. (1904). The said scene is inspired by real
scene forest near Cezanne’s native province.
In comparing the painting and the original
ASSUMPTION OF ART scene. Cezanne changed some patterns and
details quite different from the original scene
 ART IS UNIVERSAL from the way they were actually in the
- People and their social backgrounds mirror art. photograph. What he did is not nature. It is art.
Art also bring forth awareness and unity - The landscape in question was inspired by a
among our cultural and individual differences. real forest near Cezanne's home province.
Countries all around the world makes use of When comparing the artwork to the original
art in order to foster mutual understanding and scenario, there are a few things to keep in
for cultural exchange between people. mind. Cezanne altered numerous patterns and
- Regardless of form, all artistic creations have elements that were considerably different from
the same capacity to connect with anybody. the actual setting from as they appeared in the
We lose sight of its possibility to communicate image. He did not act in accordance with
with us when we disregard its mere existence. nature.
- This reflects our political, social, and cultural
processes which is why art is the most
important form of communication. People,  ART INVOLVES EXPERIENCE
tradition, culture, unity, freedom, harmony, - For others, getting this far without a sufficient
and understanding should all be represented definition of art may seem strange. Most
through art. individuals don't need a thorough definition of
- There is always art in every country and in art. Art is nothing more than a personal
every generation. Many people believe that the experience.
only things that are deemed artistic are those - When we speak of experience, (Dudley [Link].,
that were created a long time ago. This is a 1960) we mean the “actual doing of
misunderstanding. something” and it is confirmed that experience
- The works of Jose Rizal and Francisco is contingent to art. So, if a person is truly
Balagtas are occasionally read in the aware and understand art, a person must know
Philippines because they are still relevant up to it as an experience not as a fact.
this day. - Then a work of art can't be separated from the
- Florante at Laura never ceases to inspire high act of making it. We must make sense, see,
school learners the universal and pure beauty and hear an artwork in order to understand it.
of love. - Art is highly personal, individual, and
- Another Filipino masterpiece is the Ibong subjective. Our own judgment is a
Adarna , which unceasingly captures the wild fundamental component of perceiving it.
imaginings of the youths with its everlasting Understanding of art is always a value
and golden lessons. judgment in philosophical terms. Depending
- We feel one with King David when we read on who the perceiver is, his preferences,
the Psalms because we are one with him in his biases, and what he possesses on the inside.
communication with God.

NATURE OF ART
 ART IS NOT NATURE
- Art is not art unless someone thinks about it  Art is fundamentally a non-symbolic mode of
and comprehends it, just as nature requires the communication that serves as a key counterbalance
lack of thinking to be nature. The sight from to language. While practically any language
the summit of a mountain isn't art until you've necessitates extensive training in the way the
 information is encoded into the symbols it utilizes, cultural, aesthetic, and social value. The following
art can be communicated with little or no prior are the techniques in film-making process:
indoctrination. The ability to communicate without - a. motion picture camera,
using words allows you to experiment with visual- - b. animation techniques,
emotional correlations. Certain colors, especially - c. computer generated imagery (CGI).
when combined or contrasted with other colors,
It intends to bring feelings, ideas, and beauty to its
can elicit specific feelings.
viewers, filmmaking stimulates or creates
 Making art necessitates the presence of an artist.
experiences that are beyond our imagination.
On a daily basis, one might notice beauty.
However, not every beautiful thing which can be  Performance Art - Performance art is live art in
seen or felt is actually a work of art. Art is the which the artist's medium is primarily the human
result of man's creativity, imagination, and body, but he or she may also incorporate other
emotion. forms of art such as visual art, sounds, props, into
 Although not everyone could be an artist, everyone the performance. The elements of performance
can appreciate art. We can tell what is fine and arts:
lovely from what isn't, as well as what is of good - a. setting,
quality and what isn't. As a result, we have a place - b. time,
in the sphere of art appreciation. Each piece of art - c. performer’s body,
depicts beauty in its own unique way, the type that - d. relationship between the audience and
the artist sees and wants the audience to see. performer.
Performance art is intangible, it cannot be
purchased or traded like a commodity.
THE ROLE OF CREATIVITY IN ART MAKING
 Music - Music is a collection of coordinated sound
 Creativity necessitates a willingness to think
or sounds. Making music is the process of putting
outside the box. Creativity is what distinguishes
sounds and tones in an order, often combining
one work of art from another.
them to create a unified composition. People who
 When can we say that something is creative?
make music creatively organize sounds for a
- When it is out of the ordinary.
desired result, like a Beethoven symphony or one
- When there is originality.
of Duke Ellington's jazz songs. Music is made of
- When we have not seen anything like it.
sounds, vibrations, and silent moments, and it
- When it is not just a copy or imitation of
doesn't always have to be pleasant or pretty. It can
someone’s work.
be used to convey a whole range of experiences,
environments, and emotions.
ART FORMS
 Architecture - Architecture is the creating of
 Emotions can be expressed in various ways beautiful buildings, whilst art is the quest and
through art. As a result, people's work is a creation of beautiful things. Nonetheless, not all
representation of their inner selves rather than buildings are attractive because some only provide
what is observed based on the outside. the functionality required, that is when the
 Visual Arts - Visual arts are works of art that are framework, lines, shapes, and colors are not well-
primarily visual in nature and appeal to the sense designed. Important elements of architecture are:
of sight. Artists create visual arts because they - A. plan,
want to recreate what they've seen in the same way - b. construction,
they saw it. Performance arts, applied arts, and - c. design.
theater are examples of other artistic disciplines
Buildings should embody these three significant
that include a visual component. Paintings,
elements if they aim to merit the title architecture.
drawings, lettering, printing, sculpting, and digital
imaging are some examples of visual arts  Dance - Dance is a set of gestures that are
mediums. choreographed to the beat of the music. Dancing is
a method of expression that enables individuals to
 Film- The skill of piecing together sequences of express themselves freely. Dancers are not
static images to create the appearance of restricted to defined routines and regulations in art
movement is known as filmmaking. Filmmaking is expression, but they are free to create and design
both an art and a business that concentrates on its
 their own routines as long as they are graceful and
beautiful.

 Literary Art -. Literary artists utilize language to

express themselves and communicate feelings to
their audience. Being a writer is not the same as
being a literary artist. Professional, journalistic,
academic, and other technical kinds of writing are
not the only forms of literary art. It has its own
style and does not adhere to any particular format
LESSON 3: PHILOSOPHICAL IMPORTANCE
or standard. Novels, poems, and biographies are
OF ART
examples of fiction and nonfiction.

 Theater - Live performers offer tales or visuals of

events in front of a live audience in theater. ART AS AN IMITATION
Theater art is distinguished from literary art by the  In Plato's book, "The Republic," he paints a picture
fact that it is usually performed according to a of artists as imitators whereas art as mere
script. Acting, gestures, scenery, lighting, props, imitations
sound effects, and musical score are all considered  In his account of the ideal republic, Plato advises
in theater, just as they are in filmmaking. Theater, not to include artistic subjects in the curriculum or
like performance art, is a live performance. ban artists in the republic.
Musicals, comedies, tragedies, and improvisation  In Plato's metaphysical or real-life view, things in
are examples of genres. this world are only copies of the original, eternal,
and true entity found only in the World of Forms.
 Applied Arts - The goal of applied arts is to  Plato's philosophy asserts that there are two
provide aesthetic value to ordinary objects by realms: the physical realm and the spiritual realm.
blending style and design. Artists in this discipline The Physical World is the material stuff we see
infuse beauty, charm, and comfort into a variety of and interact with on a daily basis; this physical
common objects. Industrial design, fashion design, realm is changing and imperfect, as we know all
interior design, and graphic design are all too well. The spiritual realm, however, exists
examples of this. beyond the physical realm. Plato calls this spiritual
realm the World of Forms (also called the Realm
of Ideas or Realm of Ideals). Plato's Theory of
Forms asserts that the physical realm is only a
shadow, or image, of the true reality of the Realm
of Forms.
 Plato believed that artists simply strengthened their
beliefs in replicating and discouraging men from
reaching for real beings in the World of Forms.
 Plato was deeply skeptical of art and artists for two
reasons:
- 1. It appeals to emotions, not to people's
rational abilities.
- 2. They imitate rather than make it a reality.
 Art then is to be banished with the practitioners to
ensure that the attitudes and behaviors of the
members of the Republic are not compromised by
the influence of the art.
 For Plato, art is dangerous because it represents a
trivial alternative to the actual entity that can only
be achieved by reason.

ART AS A REPRESENTATION
 Aristotle agreed with Plato's view that art was a
form of imitation
 However, Aristotle saw art as an aid to philosophy
in revealing truth. The kind of imitation that art
does is not the opposite of achieving basic truth in
the world.
 Unlike Plato, who thought that art was an imitation
of another imitation, Aristotle conceived art to
represent a possible version of reality.
 For Aristotle, all art does not seek to portray
reality as it is, but to offer versions of what could
be, or many possibilities of reality.
 In Aristotle’s worldview, art serves two specific
purposes. Art allows us to (1) experience pleasure. LESSON 4: FUNCTION OF ART
Art is also educational and has the ability to (2) FUNCTION OF ART
guide and teach our audience about life
(perception).  Ideally, one can look at a piece of art and guess
with some accuracy where it came from and when.
This best-case scenario also includes identifying
ART AS A DISINTERESTED JUDGEMENT the artist because they are in no small way part of
the contextual equation. You might wonder, "What
 In his Critique of Judgment, Immanuel Kant was the artist thinking when he created this?"
viewed the judgment of beauty as a cornerstone of when you see a piece of art. You, the viewer, are
art that can be universal despite its subjectivity. the other half of this equation; you might ask
 Kant realized that judgments about beauty are yourself how that same piece of art makes you feel
subjective. However, even subjective judgments as you look at it.
are based on a common criterion for the said  These — in addition to the time period, location of
judgments. creation, cultural influences, etc. — are all factors
 How can the assessment of beauty be considered that should be considered before trying to assign
objective or universal? Consider two examples: I functions to art. Taking anything out of context
like this picture (subjectively); this painting is can lead to misunderstanding art and
stunning (objectively). The former is clearly a misinterpreting an artist's intentions, which is
judgment of taste, while the latter is an aesthetic never something you want to do.
judgment.  The functions of art normally fall into three
 To make aesthetic judgments we need to be categories: physical, social, and personal. These
indifferent. In other words, we should strive to go categories can and often do overlap in any given
beyond our personal tastes and preferences so that piece of art. When you're ready to start thinking
we can see art from a universal perspective. about these functions, here's how.

ART AS A COMMUNICATION OF EMOTION PHYSICAL

 According to Leo Tolstoy, art plays a major role  The physical functions of art are often the easiest
in communicating with the audience's previous to understand. Works of art that are created to
experienced emotions. Art conveys emotions, just perform some service have physical functions. If
as language conveys information to others. you see a Fijian war club, you may assume that,
 Art has a unique opportunity to act as a mechanism however wonderful the craftsmanship may be, it
of social cohesion as a conductor of man's deepest was created to perform the physical function of
emotions and thoughts. smashing skulls.
 Art is central to human existence, providing access  A Japanese raku bowl is a piece of art that
to the emotions of people both from the past and performs a physical function in a tea ceremony.
on the present. Conversely, a fur-covered teacup from the Dada
movement has no physical function. Architecture
crafts such as welding and woodworking, interior
design, and industrial design are all types of art
that serve physical functions.
 behaviors of an artist helps when interpreting the
personal function of their pieces.
SOCIAL
 Art may also serve the personal function of
 Art has a social function when it addresses aspects controlling its viewers, much like social art. It can
of (collective) life as opposed to one person's point also perform religious service or acknowledgment.
of view or experience. Viewers can often relate in Art has been used to attempt to exert magical
some way to social art and are sometimes even control, change the seasons, and even acquire
influenced by it. food. Some art brings order and peace, some
 For example, public art in 1930s Germany had an creates chaos. There is virtually no limit to how art
overwhelming symbolic theme. Did this art exert can be used.
influence on the German population? Decidedly  Finally, sometimes art is used to maintain a
so, as did political and patriotic posters in Allied species. This can be seen in rituals of the animal
countries during the same time. Political art, often kingdom and in humans themselves. Biological
designed to deliver a certain message, always functions obviously include fertility symbols (in
carries a social function. The fur-covered Dada any culture), but there are many ways humans
teacup, useless for holding tea, carried a social adorn their bodies with art in order to be attractive
function in that it protested World War I (and to others and eventually mate.
nearly everything else in life).
 Art that depicts social conditions performs social
functions and often this art comes in the form of DETERMINING THE FUNCTION OF ART
photography. The Realists figured this out early in
 The functions of art apply not only to the artist that
the 19th century. American photographer Dorothea
created a piece but to you as the viewer. Your
Lange (1895 – 1965) along with many others often
whole experience and understanding of a piece
took pictures of people in conditions that are
should contribute to the function you assign it, as
difficult to see and think about.
well as everything you know about its context.
 Additionally, satire performs social functions.
Next time you are trying to understand a piece of
Spanish painter Francisco Goya (1746 – 1828) and
art, try to remember these four points: (1) context,
English portrait artist William Hogarth (1697 –
(2) personal, (3) social, and (4) physical functions.
1764) both went this route with varying degrees of
Remember that some art serves only one function
success at motivating social change with their art.
and some all three (perhaps even more).
Sometimes the possession of specific pieces of art
in a community can elevate that community's
status. A stabile by American kinetic artist
Alexander Calder (1898 – 1976), for example, can
be a community treasure and point of pride.

PERSONAL
 The personal functions of art are often the most
difficult to explain. There are many types of
personal functions and these are highly subjective.
Personal functions of art are not likely to be the
same from person to person.
 An artist may create a piece out of a need for self-
expression or gratification. They might also or
instead want to communicate a thought or point to
the viewer. Sometimes an artist is only trying to
provide an aesthetic experience, both for self and
viewers. A piece might be meant to entertain,
provoke thought, or even have no particular effect
at all.
 Personal function is vague for a reason. From artist
to artist and viewer to viewer, one's experience
with art is different. Knowing the background and
 the desire to actualize his very being is highly
substantiated with soul making.
What are We Doing?
- Art enables us to have a sense of purpose
through what we are doing. Just like any form
of art is an expression of our emotions,
realities, feelings, and perceptions, the solution
to our personal growth is through such forms
of expressions. Through soul making, we are
able to make use of our experiences and make
ourselves be a better person.
Everyday Life
LESSON 5: SOUL MAKING IN ART - Our life is full of adventures. Understanding
that every person has a different perspective of
 “Soul making is an alternate place to know oneself
seeing things and understanding that there will
and to look at the depths and meaning of what we
always be a challenge for each adventure will
do in our daily lives” said Dr. Norman Narciso,
make us happily dwell in life. The soul making
one of the prominent thought leaders in the
process is not just reserved for artists, anyone
country’s world of art. It is said to be that soul
can do this process as everybody is creative in
making is a steppingstone towards a deeper
their own right. This is just a matter of losing
understanding of how the world is perceived and
yourself in the world of art and detaching
how your own personality is portrayed and seen by
yourself from you to see things in a different
you.
perspective.
 This plays a major role in the production of art.
Soul making is an avenue of making stories,
converting brief moments into pictures, making
use of symbols that brings people together,
embodying tolerance, understanding a certain
culture, promoting peace and imagination.

KNOWLEDGE YOURSELF
 “Who are you”, this is the statement that will serve
as your guide in undertaking this process. It starts
with being conscious. To begin the process of soul
making, you have to embrace and realize your
truth, history, and existence. Once you have done
this, soul making may now come into play as this
is the core of soul making. It is, therefore, not
focused on the production that we take into
consideration, but we do consider the method of
perception.

DEPTH AND ESSENCE

 Soul making is more than just a perspective on
religion. When we speak of soul, it is your unique
individuality that is shown on your behavior. And
since one of the human expressions is art that is
highly symbolic and valued, an individual make
use of various forms of art in order to express
himself and communicate emotions. In this effect,
 on the principles of design, which are a set of
practices of working with the elements of design
that make a composition look pleasing to the eye.

THE ELEMENT OF ART

1. COLOR
- Color helps establish a mood for your
composition. When light waves strike an
object and reflect back to the optic nerve in a
human’s eyes, the sensation they perceive is
called color. Artists and designers use color to
depict and describe the subject. Color is used
by designers to portray mood, light, depth, and
point of view. Designers use the color wheel
CHAPTER 2 and the tenets of color theory — a set of
guidelines for mixing, combining, and
 You have just reached the second chapter for this manipulating colors — to create color
subject! What a terrific journey you must have had schemes.
with the first chapter. Let’s keep the momentum
going with the topics in store for the second
chapter.
What is Color in Art?
 As you have learned on the previous topics, an art
piece communicates a message to its audience that - In works of art, artists use color to depict and
is open for various interpretation and describe the subject. Artists, especially
understanding. Within that art piece are stylistic painters, utilize their knowledge of color to
features that helps the artist communicate meaning portray mood, light, depth, and point of view
to its audience. These features are what we call in a work of art.
elements of art. These elements guide the viewer
to a deeper understanding of any piece of art when
we are analyzing it intentionally. Basically, in this Properties of Color in Art
unit, you will identify elements, and answer
questions as you carefully look at paintings and In the Munsell Color System, Professor Albert Munsell
other works of art and analyze how these elements identified the following three properties of color:
are used purposefully.
 Hue: Hue refers to the color itself, which is
 You will also look into the ways and mechanics of
distinct from any other color, and represents the
selecting a content in art. It may be realistic or
name we assign that color such as red, orange, and
abstract. Find out how several prominent artists
magenta.
showcase their content in a myriad of ways.
 Value: Value is the darkness or lightness of a hue.
Discover what is the difference between a subject
When hues are mixed with white, the resulting
and a content is.
color will have a lighter value called tints. When
hues are mixed with the color black, they have a
darker value called shades. The many values of a
LESSON 1: ELEMENT AND PRINCIPLES OF hue can be shown on a gradient spectrum
ART resembling paint swatches.
WHAT ARE THE ELEMENT OF ART?  Chroma: A color’s chroma refers to the purity of a
color. Chroma is related to saturation, with high-
 The elements of design are the fundamental chroma colors appearing brighter, and low-chroma
aspects of any visual design which include shape, colors appearing duller.
color, space, form, line, value, and texture.
Graphic designers use the elements of design to
create an image that can convey a certain mood, A BRIEF GUIDE TO THE COLOR WHEEL
draw the eye in a certain direction, or evoke a
number of feelings. While the elements of design  The color wheel is a circular diagram that
form the basics of any image, designers also lean illustrates the relationships between different
 colors. Here is a brief guide to the colors in the - In design, value refers to the lightness or
color wheel. darkness of a color. The values of a color are
- Primary colors: Primary colors are colors that often visualized in a gradient, which displays a
are combined to make a range of other colors. series of variation on a one hue, arranged from
Traditionally, these are red, yellow, and blue. the lightest to the darkest. Artist can use the
When mixed, these three primary colors can various values for color to create the illusion
form many other colors. of mass and volume in their work.
- Secondary colors: Secondary colors are the - Value is a basic element of art that refers to the
result of mixing two primary colors. In the gradual change of lightness or darkness of a
traditional color model, the three secondary color. It is created when light source shines
colors are green (yellow plus blue), orange upon an object creating highlights form
(yellow plus red), and purple (red plus blue). shadows and cast shadows.
- Tertiary colors: Tertiary colors are the
combination of one primary color with one
secondary color. There are six tertiary colors
on the traditional color wheel: magenta (red-
purple), vermillion (red-orange), amber
(yellow-orange), chartreuse (yellow-green),
teal (blue-green), and violet (blue-purple).
- Complementary colors: Complementary
colors are colors that are found opposite each
other on the color wheel. Complementary
color schemes include blue with orange, red
with green, and yellow with purple.
- Analogous colors: Analogous colors sit next
to each other on the color wheel. Analogous
color schemes include yellow paired with
chartreuse and green; red with vermillion and
orange; and blue with teal and violet. The
three colors in each pairing share a common
hue, so they appear to match.
- Warm colors: Reds, oranges, and yellows are
referred to as warm colors.
- Cool colors: Blues, greens, and purples are
referred to as cool colors.
- Monochromatic: A color scheme is
monochromatic when it only features shades
or tints of a single hue.
- Neutral colors : Blacks, greys, whites and
shades of beige are often referred to as neutral
colors

2. LINE:
- Line refers to the way that two points in space
are connected. Whether they’re horizontal
lines, diagonal lines, or vertical lines, lines can
help direct the eye toward a certain point in
your composition. You can also create texture
by incorporating different types of lines such
as curved or patterned lines instead of just
straight lines.

3. VALUE: