5. Mention two forms of precipitation . Also describe them in detail .
Ans: The two forms of precipitation are:
a. RAIN :Precipitation that reaches the ground in liquid form is called rain
b. HAIL: Hailstones are frozen lumps of ice produced by thunderstorms. They form inside the
the tall cumulonimbus clouds which are much warmer at the bottom than at the top where
the temperature is freezing.
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Part 2 (for learning )
Please Note: The questions and answers that follow need not be done in the exercise
notebook. However, you have to learn them .
A. Answer the following questions in brief .
1. Temperature is an important element of weather and climate . Justify
Ans : Temperature is an important element of weather and climate because it affects all the major
elements of weather including air pressure ,cloud formation, humidity and precipitation.
2."The intensity of insolation also depends on the thickness of the atmosphere. " Justify
Ans: When the solar energy is released, it first reaches the atmosphere where the energy can be
absorbed, reflected or can reach the earth directly. The thickness of the atmosphere determines
how much solar insolation is absorbed. If the atmosphere is thick, more insolation will be absorbed
and vice versa.
[Link] any two factors affecting atmospheric pressure .
Ans: Temperature and Altitude.
4. Name any two factors which are responsible for the formation of pressure belts of the
world.
Ans: the two factors which are responsible for the formation of pressure belts of the world are :
a. Unequal heating of the earth and its atmosphere
b. The rotation of the earth
5. The highest temperature for a day was 44°C whereas the minimum temperature was 24°
C. Calculate daily range of temperature.
Ans: Daily range of temperature = Maximum Temperature- Minimum Temperature
44°C- 24°C= 20°C
6. Name the instrument which is used to measure velocity of wind.
Answer: Anemometer
[Link] Isotherms and Isohyet.
Answer: ISOTHERM - A line on a map connecting points that have the same temperature.
ISOHYET- Aline on a map connecting points that receive equal amounts of rainfall.
B. Answer the following questions in detail.
1. Distinguish between weather and climate
[Link] the factors on which Insolation depends upon?(the word terrestrial radiation in the
question is changed into insolation)
Ans : The factors on which insolation depends upon:
a. LATITUDE :Direct rays of the sun fall on the equatorial region hence more insolation is
received whereas as we move away from the equator, due to the curvature of the earth, sun's
rays strike the earth and the sun’s rays heat up larger areas and insolation received is lesser.
b. THICKNESS OF THE ATMOSPHERE
Insolation at the Earth's surface depends on the thickness of the atmosphere. Thicker the
atmospheric layer, more will be the insolation absorbed.
c. LENGTH OF THE DAY
Length of the day determines the duration for which the sun's rays and energy is received at a
place. More the length of the day, more will be the insolation received.
d. DISTRIBUTION OF LAND AND WATER
Land absorbs and reflects more heat than water because the specific heat of land is less than that
of water .So land is heated and cooled in a much shorter time than water .
3. Distinguish between absolute humidity and relative humidity.
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY RELATIVE HUMIDITY
1. The amount of water 1. It is the ratio between
vapour in grams per the amount of water
cubic metre of air . vapour present in the
air and the maximum
amount that can be
held by air at a given
temperature.
2. Unit is gms/cu. m 2. Relative humidity is
measured in
percentage.
4. Mention the three types of clouds with one feature of each.
Ans: High clouds are made up of ice crystals .The prefix cirro- is used to describe high clouds.
Middle Clouds are made up of both water droplets and ice crystals. The prefix alto- is used to
describe the middle clouds.
Low Clouds are made up of water droplets only . The prefix strato- is used to describe the low
clouds.
C. Define the following :-
[Link]: The process through which water from the atmosphere falls down on the earth is
called precipitation.
2. Rain: Precipitation that reaches the ground in liquid form is called rain.
3. Hail: Hailstones are frozen lumps of ice produced by thunderstorms. They form inside the tall
cumulonimbus clouds which are much warmer at the bottom than at the top where the
temperature is freezing.
4. Cloud : A cloud is a large collection of very tiny droplets of water or ice crystals. The droplets
are so small and light that they can float in the air. Clouds are formed through evaporation and
condensation.
Q. Given below are the mean temperature (°C) and the monthly rainfall (mm) for Chennai.
Study the data and answer the questions given below:
Jun Aug Nov Dec
Months Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May July Sep. Oct.
e . . .
Temp.(°C) 24.2 25.7 27.8 30.4 32.8 32.3 30.6 30.1 29.8 28.2 25.7 24.7
Rainfall(mm) 25 8 16 25 54 55 84 125 117 260 305 115
1. Name the coldest and the hottest month.
Ans: The coldest month is January with 24.2°C. The hottest month is May with 32.8°C.
2. Name the wettest and the driest month.
Ans : Wettest Month is - November ( 305 mm )
Driest Month is - February ( 8 mm )
3. What is the Annual Range Of Temperature?
Ans : Annual Range of Temperature =
Mean Temperature of the hottest month – Mean temperature of the coldest month
32.8 – 24.2=8.6°C.
Or
(Max. Temperature – Min. Temperature)
4. How much is the Mean Annual Temperature?
Mean Annual Temperature = Max.+Min ÷2
(32.8+24.2)÷2
=57.0÷2
= 28.5°C
Or
It is calculated by adding the mean monthly temperatures of all the twelve months and
dividing the total by 12.
Mean Annual Temperature =
(24.2 + 25.7 + 27.8 + 30.4 + 32.8 + 32.3 + 30.6 + 30.1 + 29.8 + 29.2 + 25.7 + 24.7 )/12
=342.3°C/12
=28.5°C
[Link] much is the Annual Precipitation?
Annual Precipitation =Sum of Rainfall of 12 months.
25 + 8 + 16 + 25 + 54 + 55 + 84 + 125 + 117 + 260 + 305 + 115 =1,229mm.
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