Complete Python + AI/LLM + System Design
Roadmap
PHASE 1: Python Fundamentals (2–4 Weeks)
■ Goal: Become comfortable writing Python code
Topics (Don’t skip ANY):
1. Basics
Variables
Data types (int, float, string, bool)
Type conversion
Input/output
2. Operators
Arithmetic
Logical
Comparison
3. Control Flow
if / else
nested conditions
loops (for, while)
4. Data Structures
Lists
Tuples
Sets
Dictionaries
5. Functions
Creating functions
Arguments
Return values
Lambda
6. String Handling
slicing
formatting (f-strings)
methods
7. File Handling
read/write files
8. Error Handling
try / except
Practice:
Calculator, Number guessing game, To-do CLI app, Password generator
PHASE 2: Intermediate Python (2–3 Weeks)
OOP: Classes, Objects, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation
Modules & Packages: import, creating modules
Virtual Environment: venv, pip
APIs: requests, JSON
Debugging & Logging
Projects: Weather app, File organizer, Web scraper
PHASE 3: Python Development
Backend: Flask/Django, REST APIs, Authentication, DB (SQLite → PostgreSQL)
Concepts: MVC, CRUD, JWT
Projects: Login system, Blog API, Billing backend
Automation: File automation, Excel automation, Bots
PHASE 4: Data + Math
Linear Algebra, Probability, Statistics
NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib
Practice: Data cleaning, CSV analysis, Visualization
PHASE 5: Machine Learning
Supervised & Unsupervised learning
Algorithms: Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, KNN, Clustering
Scikit-learn
Projects: Spam classifier, Price prediction, Segmentation
PHASE 6: Deep Learning
Neural Networks, Activation functions, Backpropagation
CNN, RNN
TensorFlow, PyTorch
Projects: Image classifier, Digit recognition, Chatbot
PHASE 7: NLP
Text preprocessing, Tokenization, Embeddings
Transformers basics
Libraries: NLTK, spaCy
PHASE 8: LLM
Transformers, Attention, Tokenization, Fine-tuning
Prompt Engineering
Tools: OpenAI, HuggingFace, LangChain
Vector DB: Pinecone, FAISS
RAG, Embeddings, Context handling
Projects: Chatbot, AI assistant, Document Q&A;
PHASE 9: AI Engineer
Deployment: FastAPI, Docker
Scaling, Caching, Cost optimization
Build: SaaS AI tool, AI assistant app
Complete System Design Roadmap
Phase 0: Basics - System design intro, client-server, monolith vs microservices, scalability, latency
vs throughput
Phase 1: Networking - HTTP/HTTPS, TCP/UDP, DNS, CDN, Load balancing, REST vs GraphQL
Phase 2: Databases - SQL/NoSQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, Indexing, ACID, CAP, Sharding,
Replication
Phase 3: Backend - API design, Auth (JWT, OAuth), Rate limiting, Caching, Sessions
Phase 4: Scalability - Horizontal/Vertical scaling, Stateless systems, Distributed systems
Phase 5: Caching - Redis, Cache strategies, LRU/LFU
Phase 6: Messaging - Kafka, RabbitMQ, Pub/Sub, Async processing
Phase 7: Storage - S3, Partitioning, Backup
Phase 8: Security - HTTPS, Encryption, OWASP, API security
Phase 9: DevOps - Logging, Monitoring, Docker, Kubernetes, CI/CD
Phase 10: Real Systems - URL shortener, Chat app, Instagram, YouTube, E-commerce