CODING THEORY AND MODULAR ARITHMETIC - the goal of parity check is to end up with a even
- the study of the properties of codes and their respective foe parity
specific application. TYPES: ODD parity
- codes are used for data compression, cryptography, error EVEN parity
detection and correction, data transmission and data correction Ex. 1.) Perform the channel encoding by adding a redundancy bit
size of 3.
HISTORY 1.) 00 - 00000 = 0 EVEN
- codes are studied by various scientific disciplines, such as 2.) 01 - 01111 = 4 EVEN
information theory, electrical engineering, mathematics linguistic, 3.) 11 - 11111 = 5 ODD
and computer science for the purpose of designing efficient and 11110 = 4 EVEN
reliable data transmission methods. 4.) 10 - 10000 = 1 ODD
10001 = 2 EVEN
CODING THEORY - includes the removal of redundancy and the Ex. 2.) Perform the channel encoding by adding a redundancy bit
correction of detection of errors in the transmitted data. size 4.
1.) 001 - 0011111 = 5 ODD
Sender Noise Receiver 0011110 = 4 EVEN
/ / / 2.) 010 - 010000 = 1 ODD
Source encoder - Communication Channel - Source Decoder 010001 = 2 EVEN
3.) 110 - 1100000 = 2 EVEN
COMMUNICATION CHANNEL 4.) 101 - 1011111 = 6 EVEN
- there are physical medium where information is transmitted. 2. REPETITION CHECK
- telephone lines, internet cables, fiber optic lines, and some - is performed by taking bits than repeat it 2r + 1 times, where
storage data can be considired channels will be the message?
NOISE ,
- it alters message in the channel that will cause disruption and
error in the messages.
SOURCE CODING/CHANNEL CODING
- in transmitting messages, coding is defined as source coding
and channel coding.
TWO PROCESS IN CODING
1. ENCODING - transforming message into bits of message
that is cuitable in communication.
2. DECODING - the opposite of process of encoding.
DATA COMPRESSION OR SOURCE ENCODING
- it is defined as converting the message from sender into BITS
suitable to the communication channel.
BIT/BINARY DIDGIT
BIT (short for “binary digit”) - smallest unit of
measurement used to quantify computer data. It contains
a single binary value of 0 or 1.
ASCII - an example of bit is ASCII that converts each
character of a message into a byte of B bits.
Ex. Consider the source encoding of from direction is required
known as CHANNEL CODING
/
defined as adding same
redundancy to the source
encoded message so the
errors can be detected or
even corrected .
TYPES OF CHECK
1. PARITY CHECK
- also called as “vertical redundancy check”
- this is a process that ensures accurate data
transmission.
MODULAR ARITHMETIC .
- a system of arithmetic for integers a given fixed quantity to
leave a remainder.
- also known as “modulo”
- number “wrap around” upong reaching a given fixed quantity
to leave a remainder.
“Least Residue”
- to determine the least residue simply get the reminder when b
is devided by m.
- b (mod m) means b divided by m.
.
.
EX: