UNIT II – MEASUREMENTS &

INSTRUMENTATION (60 MCQs)

(Autonomous Exam – Part A Format)

BASIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTS

1. The basic functional elements of an instrument include

A) Indicating only
B) Sensing, conditioning, and display
C) Amplification only
D) Calibration only
Ans: B
2. Measurement is the process of
A) Comparing an unknown quantity with a standard
B) Estimating a quantity
C) Calculating power
D) Recording data
Ans: A
3. Calibration is the process of
A) Repairing an instrument
B) Improving sensitivity
C) Comparing with a standard instrument
D) Reducing error
Ans: C
4. Absolute instruments
A) Require calibration
B) Give output directly
C) Measure only AC
D) Are secondary instruments
Ans: B
5. Secondary instruments
A) Do not need calibration
B) Are used as standards
C) Need calibration
D) Give results in absolute units
Ans: C

MOVING COIL & MOVING IRON INSTRUMENTS

6. PMMC instruments can measure

A) AC only
B) DC only
C) AC and DC
 D) High voltage
Ans: B
7. PMMC instruments have
A) Non-uniform scale
B) Uniform scale
C) Logarithmic scale
D) No scale
Ans: B
8. Moving iron instruments can measure
A) DC only
B) AC only
C) AC and DC
D) High frequency only
Ans: C
9. The deflecting torque in PMMC instrument is proportional to
A) I²
B) Voltage
C) Current
D) Resistance
Ans: C
10. MI instruments suffer from
A) Hysteresis error
B) Frequency error
C) Eddy current error
D) All of the above
Ans: D

POWER & ENERGY MEASUREMENT

11. Three-phase power is measured using

A) One wattmeter
B) Two wattmeter method
C) Voltmeter
D) Ammeter
Ans: B
12. The two-wattmeter method is applicable for
A) Balanced loads only
B) Unbalanced loads only
C) Both balanced and unbalanced loads
D) DC circuits
Ans: C
13. Energy meter measures
A) Power
B) Voltage
C) Energy consumed
D) Current
Ans: C
 14. The unit of electrical energy is
A) kW
B) kVAR
C) kWh
D) Joule/second
Ans: C
15. Creeping in energy meter occurs due to
A) Overload
B) Friction
C) Over-voltage
D) Light load
Ans: D

INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS

16. CT is used to measure

A) Voltage
B) Power
C) High current
D) Frequency
Ans: C
17. PT is used to measure
A) High current
B) High voltage
C) Power factor
D) Energy
Ans: B
18. Secondary of CT should never be
A) Short-circuited
B) Grounded
C) Open-circuited
D) Loaded
Ans: C
19. Instrument transformers provide
A) Electrical isolation
B) Mechanical isolation
C) Thermal isolation
D) Magnetic isolation
Ans: A
20. Ratio error occurs due to
A) Core loss
B) Leakage flux
C) Burden
D) All of the above
Ans: D
DSO & DATA ACQUISITION

21. DSO stands for

A) Digital Signal Oscillator
B) Digital Storage Oscilloscope
C) Dynamic Signal Oscilloscope
D) Dual Signal Oscilloscope
Ans: B
22. CRO uses
A) LCD display
B) CRT
C) LED
D) Plasma display
Ans: B
23. Time base in CRO controls
A) Voltage
B) Current
C) Horizontal deflection
D) Vertical deflection
Ans: C
24. Vertical deflection plates control
A) Time
B) Frequency
C) Voltage amplitude
D) Phase
Ans: C
25. Sampling in DSO is used to
A) Store signals
B) Convert analog to digital
C) Amplify signals
D) Filter noise
Ans: B

ERRORS & STANDARDS

26. Accuracy indicates

A) Repeatability
B) Closeness to true value
C) Precision
D) Sensitivity
Ans: B
27. Precision refers to
A) True value
B) Error free value
C) Repeatability
D) Sensitivity
Ans: C
 28. Gross errors occur due to
A) Instrument defects
B) Environmental effects
C) Human mistakes
D) Calibration
Ans: C
29. International standards are maintained by
A) ISO
B) BIS
C) IEC
D) IEEE
Ans: C
30. Drift error is caused by
A) Temperature change
B) Aging of components
C) Supply variation
D) All of the above
Ans: D

MISCELLANEOUS

31. Sensitivity of an instrument is

A) Output/Input
B) Input/Output
C) Resistance
D) Gain
Ans: A
32. Resolution is the
A) Accuracy
B) Precision
C) Smallest measurable quantity
D) Range
Ans: C
33. Dead zone in an instrument means
A) No output
B) Delayed output
C) No response for small input
D) Overload
Ans: C
34. Loading effect occurs due to
A) Instrument resistance
B) High current
C) Calibration
D) Noise
Ans: A
35. Analog instruments display
A) Discrete values
B) Continuous values
 C) Digital values
D) Binary values
Ans: B

FINAL SET

36. Wattmeter measures

A) Energy
B) Power
C) Voltage
D) Current
Ans: B
37. Dynamometer type wattmeter can measure
A) DC only
B) AC only
C) AC and DC
D) High voltage
Ans: C
38. Frequency is measured using
A) Wattmeter
B) Power factor meter
C) Frequency meter
D) CRO only
Ans: C
39. Data acquisition system includes
A) Sensor
B) ADC
C) Processor
D) All of the above
Ans: D
40. Signal conditioning includes
A) Amplification
B) Filtering
C) Isolation
D) All of the above
Ans: D
41. RMS value of AC represents
A) Peak value
B) Average value
C) Heating effect
D) Instantaneous value
Ans: C
42. Peak factor is the ratio of
A) RMS/Avg
B) Peak/RMS
C) Avg/RMS
D) RMS/Peak
Ans: B
43. Form factor is
A) RMS/Avg
B) Avg/RMS
C) Peak/RMS
D) RMS/Peak
Ans: A
44. Ammeter is connected in
A) Parallel
B) Series
C) Across supply
D) Ground
Ans: B
45. Voltmeter is connected in
A) Series
B) Parallel
C) Short circuit
D) Open circuit
Ans: B
46. Burden of CT is
A) Primary load
B) Secondary load
C) Core loss
D) Copper loss
Ans: B
47. Phase angle error occurs in
A) Energy meters
B) CT and PT
C) Ammeter
D) Voltmeter
Ans: B
48. Oscilloscope measures
A) DC only
B) AC only
C) Waveforms
D) Power
Ans: C
49. DSO memory stores
A) Voltage
B) Current
C) Digital samples
D) Frequency
Ans: C
50. Triggering in CRO stabilizes
A) Voltage
B) Frequency
C) Display
D) Current
Ans: C
51. True RMS meters measure
A) Average value
 B) Peak value
C) Heating value
D) RMS value
Ans: D
52. Error is defined as
A) True − Measured
B) Measured − True
C) Absolute value
D) Ratio
Ans: B
53. Limiting error is expressed in
A) Units
B) Percentage
C) Volts
D) Amps
Ans: B
54. Instrument range is
A) Maximum value
B) Minimum value
C) Difference between max and min
D) Resolution
Ans: C
55. Noise is an
A) Desired signal
B) Undesired signal
C) Calibration signal
D) Reference signal
Ans: B
56. Shielding is used to reduce
A) Resistance
B) Noise
C) Voltage
D) Power
Ans: B
57. Grounding provides
A) Safety
B) Reference
C) Noise reduction
D) All of the above
Ans: D
58. ADC converts
A) Digital to analog
B) Analog to digital
C) AC to DC
D) DC to AC
Ans: B
59. Sampling theorem was proposed by
A) Nyquist
B) Shannon
C) Nyquist–Shannon
 D) Maxwell
Ans: C
60. Aliasing occurs due to
A) Over-sampling
B) Under-sampling
C) Noise
D) Drift
Ans: B