Cris Lemuel SD.
San Juan 3ME - A
Enumerate, identify and define each mechanical component of the following
machines.
1. Mobile Crane
● Boom – The long, extendable arm that lifts and moves loads.
● Jib – An extension at the end of the boom for additional reach.
● Hook and Hoist Rope – Used to attach and lift loads, controlled by a hoist drum.
● Winch – A mechanical drum that winds the hoist rope to lift or lower loads.
● Hydraulic System – Provides the necessary force for lifting and extending the
boom.
● Counterweights – Heavy blocks attached to balance the crane during operation.
● Outriggers/Stabilizers – Extendable supports that stabilize the crane while
lifting.
● Chassis/Carrier – The mobile base (wheeled or tracked) that enables
movement.
● Turntable (Slewing Mechanism) – Allows the crane to rotate 360 degrees.
● Operator’s Cab – The enclosed control area where the operator maneuvers the
crane.
2. Tower Crane
● Mast (Tower) – The vertical structure that supports the crane.
● Jib (Working Arm) – The horizontal arm that extends outward to carry loads.
● Counter-Jib – The opposite arm that holds counterweights for balance.
● Trolley – Moves along the jib to position the load.
● Hoist Rope & Hook Block – Used to lift and lower materials.
● Winch & Hoist Drum – Winds and unwinds the rope for lifting operations.
● Counterweights – Heavy blocks mounted on the counter-jib for stability.
● Slewing Unit – Allows the crane to rotate around its mast.
● Operator’s Cab – The control station where the operator manages crane
movements.
● Foundation/Base – The anchored structure that supports the tower crane.
3. Backhoe Excavator
● Boom – The first section of the arm, connected to the main body.
● Stick (Dipper Arm) – The second arm segment that extends for digging.
● Bucket – The digging attachment that scoops materials.
● Hydraulic Cylinders – Provides force to move the boom, stick, and bucket.
● Swing Mechanism – Allows the upper structure to rotate.
● Cab – The enclosed operator control area.
● Tracks/Wheels – Provides mobility on different terrains.
● Chassis (Undercarriage) – The base structure that supports the machine.
● Counterweight – Mounted on the rear for stability.
● Loader (Optional Front Attachment) – A bucket attachment used for pushing
or lifting materials.
4. Robotic Arms
● Base – The stationary or mobile foundation of the arm.
● Shoulder Joint – Connects the arm to the base and allows rotation.
● Upper Arm – The main structural component extending from the shoulder.
● Elbow Joint – Enables bending movements of the arm.
● Forearm – The section between the elbow and wrist.
● Wrist Joint – Allows multi-directional movement for precise positioning.
● End Effector (Gripper/Tool) – The working tool that interacts with objects.
● Actuators (Motors or Hydraulic Systems) – Drive the movement of the arm.
● Sensors – Provide feedback for position, force, and object detection.
● Control System – The computing unit that controls motion and automation.