1poi

nt

1)
Ani
sobari
sal
inewhi
chconnect
sal
lpoi
ntsbel
owt
hegr
oundsur
faceatwhi
ch

Thel
ocalgr
oundel
evat
ioni
ssame

Theset
tl
ementi
ssame

Thever
ti
calst
ressi
sthesame

Thegr
oundel
evat
ioni
svar
ying

1poi
nt

2)Foraverti
calconcent
rat
edloadact
ingonthesurf
aceofasemi
-i
nfi
nit
eel
ast
icsoi
lmass,
vert
icalnor
malstressatadepthzispropor
ti
onal
to

1/
z

z2

1/
z2

1poi
nt

3)σvi
stheverti
calst
ressatadepthequal
tozinthesoi
lmassduet
oasur
facepoi
ntl
oadQ.
Thevert
icalst
ressatadepthequalt
o3zwillbe

0.
11σv

0.
25σv

0.
75σv

1.
0σv

1poi
nt

4)Aconcent
ratedloadof300kNact sver
tical
lyatapointont hesoi
lsurf
[Link]
nesq’
s
equat
ionisappli
edf orcomputat
ionofst
ress,thentherati
oofverti
calst
ressesatdept
hsof2
m and5m respectivel
yvert
ical
lybel
owthepoi ntofappli
cati
onofloadwillbe

0.
16

0.
40

2.
5
6.
25

1poi
nt

5)Aconcentrat
edloadof100kNi sappl
iedver
ti
cal
lyonahor
izont
algr
oundsurf
[Link]
vert
icalst
ressint
ensit
y(expr
essedinkN/m2)atadept
hof2m andataradi
aldi
stanceof3m
fr
om thelineofacti
onoftheloadwil
lbe

0.
31

0.
63

0.
85

1.
15

1poi
nt

6)Anannul
arfoot
ingwit
hinnerandouterradi
us6m and8m, respecti
vel
yissupport
ingatank
whichexer
tedapressur
eint
ensit
[Link]
hepr essur
eincr
ease(expr
essedin
kN/m2)atadepthof5m belowthecenterofthef
ooti
ngbecauseofthefoundati
onpressur
e.

28.
34

40.
52

61.
42

91.
72

1poi
nt

7)Arect
angul
arfoot
ing,3m ×1m insize,hast ocarr
yaunifor
ml ydist
ribut
edloadof50
kN/[Link]
dingto2:1disper
sionmethod, t
heverti
calst
ressintensi
ty(expr
essedi
nkN/m2)
atadepthof2m bel
owt hebaseofthefootingwillbe

3.
5

5.
7

7.
5

10.
0

1poi
nt

8)Foraraftofsize30m ×12m, computet

hever t
icalst
ress(expr
essedi
nkN/m2)at20m
depthbelowthecentreoft
heraftbyassumingthattherect
anglecanberepr
esent
edbyan
equival
entcir
[Link]
oadint
ensit
yontherafti
s150kN/ m2.
30.
4

47.
2

60.
1

75.
5

1poi
nt

9)Asystem ofisolatedfooti
ngsforawatertankisshowninFi
[Link]
zeofeachfooti
ngis
1.8m ×1.8m andeachf ooti
ngexer
tsapressureof287kPaontheunderl
yingsoil
.Det
ermine
thevert
icalpr
essur e(expressedi
nkPa)atadept hof3m bel
owthecenterofanyofthe
foot
[Link] essureexertedbyeachf
ootingcanbeassumedasasi ngl
eequival
entl
oad
acti
ngthroughitscent er
.

20.
52

35.
59

58.
12

84.
52

1poi
nt

10)I
naNewmar k’
schar
tofstr
essdist
ri
but
ion,t
her
ear
e10concent
ri
cci
rcl
esand20r
adi
al
l
[Link]
nfl
uencef
act
orforthechar
twouldbe

0.
1

0.
05

0.
01

0.
005