Java → Spring Boot Roadmap Notes (Beginner
Friendly)
Step■by■step notes covering Core Java to Spring Boot with simple explanations and examples.
Phase 1 – Core Java Fundamentals
Java Basics
Java programs run on JVM. JDK provides tools to compile and run Java.
public class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String[] args){
[Link]("Hello Java");
}
}
Variables
Variables store data values.
int age = 22;
double salary = 25000.5;
char grade = 'A';
boolean active = true;
Control Statements
Used for decision making and loops.
if(age > 18){
[Link]("Adult");
}
for(int i=1;i<=3;i++){
[Link](i);
}
Methods
Reusable block of code.
public static int add(int a,int b){
return a+b;
}
Arrays
Store multiple values.
int[] nums = {10,20,30};
for(int n:nums){
[Link](n);
}
Phase 2 – OOP Concepts
Classes and Objects
Class is blueprint, object is instance.
class Student{
String name;
int age;
}
Student s = new Student();
[Link]="Ravi";
Constructor
Used to initialize object.
class Student{
Student(){
[Link]("Object created");
}
}
Encapsulation
Protect data using private variables.
class Account{
private int balance;
public void setBalance(int b){
balance=b;
}
public int getBalance(){
return balance;
}
}
Inheritance
Reuse properties from parent class.
class Animal{
void sound(){
[Link]("Animal sound");
}
}
class Dog extends Animal{}
Polymorphism
Same method different behavior.
class Animal{
void sound(){
[Link]("Animal sound");
}
}
class Dog extends Animal{
void sound(){
[Link]("Bark");
}
}
Interface
Defines method without body.
interface Vehicle{
void start();
}
Phase 3 – Core Java Important Concepts
Strings
Used to store text.
String name="Java";
[Link]([Link]());
Exception Handling
Handle runtime errors.
try{
int a=10/0;
}catch(Exception e){
[Link]("Error");
}
Wrapper Classes
Convert primitive to object.
int x=10;
Integer obj=[Link](x);
Phase 4 – Collections Framework
ArrayList
Dynamic list collection.
ArrayList<String> list=new ArrayList<>();
[Link]("Java");
[Link]("Spring");
HashSet
Stores unique values.
HashSet<Integer> set=new HashSet<>();
[Link](10);
[Link](20);
HashMap
Key value storage.
HashMap<Integer,String> map=new HashMap<>();
[Link](1,"Ravi");
Phase 5 – Java 8 Features
Lambda Expressions
Short function syntax.
Runnable r = () -> {
[Link]("Running");
};
Stream API
Process collections.
[Link]()
.filter(x->[Link]("J"))
.forEach([Link]::println);
Phase 6 – SQL Basics
SQL Table
Create table in database.
CREATE TABLE students(
id INT,
name VARCHAR(50)
);
CRUD
Insert and retrieve data.
INSERT INTO students VALUES(1,'Ravi');
SELECT * FROM students;
Phase 7 – JDBC
JDBC Connection
Connect Java to database.
Connection con = [Link](
"jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test","root","password");
Execute Query
Fetch results.
PreparedStatement ps = [Link](
"SELECT * FROM students");
Phase 8 – Web Basics
HTTP
Protocol used for communication between client and server.
REST API
APIs using HTTP requests.
JSON
Data format used in APIs.
Phase 9 – Spring Framework Basics
Dependency Injection
Spring automatically provides required objects.
IOC Container
Manages object lifecycle in Spring.
Phase 10 – Spring Boot
Spring Boot Intro
Framework to build Java web apps quickly.
REST Controller
Create API endpoints.
@RestController
public class HelloController{
@GetMapping("/hello")
public String hello(){
return "Hello Spring Boot";
}
}
Entity Mapping
Map Java object to database table.
@Entity
class Student{
@Id
int id;
String name;
}