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The document outlines key Java concepts and OOP principles, including method overloading and overriding, encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance, and polymorphism. It also details variable types (local, instance, static, parameter), their scope, and access specifiers (public, protected, default, private). Additionally, it distinguishes between pure and impure functions based on their effects on data and output consistency.

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5 views2 pages

Some Important

The document outlines key Java concepts and OOP principles, including method overloading and overriding, encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance, and polymorphism. It also details variable types (local, instance, static, parameter), their scope, and access specifiers (public, protected, default, private). Additionally, it distinguishes between pure and impure functions based on their effects on data and output consistency.

Uploaded by

aritrabiswas560
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Java Concept OOP Principle

Function/Method Overloading Polymorphism (Compile-time)


Function/Method Overriding Polymorphism (Runtime)
private variables Encapsulation
Abstract method Abstraction
Interface Abstraction
extends keyword Inheritance
Method call using object Message Passing

Specifier Scope
public Everywhere
protected Package + subclass
default Package only
private Class only

1. private  NOT inherited


2. protected  inherited (even in different package)
3. default NOT accessible outside package
4. public fully accessible

Variable Type Definition Where Declared Scope Example


Local Declared inside a Inside method Only within void fun(){ int
Variable method/block method x=10; }
Instance Belongs to object Inside class Each object has class A { int
Variable (outside method) its own copy x=10; }
Static Shared by all objects Inside class with One copy for class A { static
Variable static keyword all objects int x=10; }
Parameter Passed to methods Method Used inside void fun(int x)
Variable arguments method {}

Data Size Example


Type
byte 1 byte (8-bit) byte a = 10;
short 2 bytes (16-bit) short a = 100;
int 4 bytes (32-bit) int a = 1000;
long 8 bytes (64-bit) long a = 10000L;
float 4 bytes (32-bit) float a = 10.5f;
double 8 bytes (64-bit) double a = 10.55;
char 2 bytes (16-bit) char ch = 'A';
boolean 1 bit (logical) boolean b = true;
Pure Function Impure Function
Does not change original Changes original data or depends on external state
data
No modification May modify arguments
Only on input parameters May depend on global/instance variables
No side effects Has side effects
Same input → same output Output may vary
Works like Call by Value Often behaves like Call by Reference (conceptually)

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