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Lecture 1
Position Distance Displacement
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REST A
body is said to be in the state of rest if its position
does not change with the
passage of time

A body is said to be in the state

Motion
of motion if its position
changes with the passage time
of
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POSITION
In order to specify position we need a reference point and a
set
of Frame and coordinate system
of Reference

A rectangular three mutually perpendicular

coordinate system consisting
axes labelled X Y and Z axes The point
of
intersection these
of of
axes is called origin o and serves as the reference
point
The coordinates x y 2 of an object describes the position of object
Wrt coordinate
system
FRAME OF REFRENCE
Direct
PlaceInformation
where an observer observes the
from object
coordinateSYS
Measured
from ground
actual
Represents position

I measured
from moving
5
object represents
relative position
 Coordinate
system
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y
Per y 2
Ñ xi
8 28
0 181 11 22

I
 Types Motion
of
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One Dimensional Two dimensional Three dimensional

when when twothe coordinates when all Intee

only one of
Coordinate changes simultaneously changes coordinates Simultaneously
with time with time Change with time

All ID motion All 2D motions take All 3D motions

a place in a plane take place in space
[Link] in
Car on a StRoad car on circular turn flying kite
G moving
a
Freelyfallingbodyunder motion of Billiard balls flying insect
gravity

Circular Path
c
Parabolic 32 Helical
path
Ellipse
 Displacement
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change in
P.V is called displacement

Its magnitude is minimum between initial

and
final point and is directed from

f
initial to final position Ers
1 It's a vector quantity
2 Dimensions MOLT EA
3 5.1 Unit metre

If Ii 28 4 2214 x i 2,8
Yj
x i 72 71 22 2 k
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DISTANCE 1

Total path length traversed a body is DISTANCE

by
It is dependent on the path chosen 11

For motion b w two points A and B we can have many

different values distance traversed
of
It is a SCALAR quantity as path length has no indication
direction
of in it

51 Unit is meter

Dimensions Mo LTO
 Comparison Between Distance and Displacement
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1 The magnitude displacement is equal to minimum possible
of
distance between two positions
So Distance Displacement

2 For a moving particle distance can never be ve or zero whiledisplaceme

can be

3 For motion between two points displacement is single valued while

distance depends on actual path and hence can have multiple values

4 For a moving particle distance can never decrease while

displacement can
Decrease in displacement with time means body is returning back
towards origin

5 In general magnitude displacement is not equal to distanceHowever

it can be so
of
motion is along a straight line without change in
if
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A man goes 10m towards North then 20m towards East then its
displacement and distance are

9 22.5m 30m b 25m 22.5m c 25.5m 22.5m d 30m 30m

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A body moves 6m North 8m East and 10m Vertically upwards What
is the resultant displacement from initial position
a 0
1052 m b 10m c 52 m d 10 2 m
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A hall has dimensions lom 10m 10m A
fly starting at
One corner
The
ends
up at diagonally opposite corner
magnitude of displacement is nearly
a 553m b 1053m c 2053m d 3053m
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Q A circle of Radius R making an
particle moves along a
angle 0 at the centre the magnitude of displacement and
distance is
9 2R Sin012 RO b 2Rsino RO 2

c Rsino 2RO d RSino 3Rd

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Q A body covered a distance Lm along a curved path of a
quarter circle The ratio of distance to displacement is
a b 4 d
IF 2ft E
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Q An athlete covers one round of a circular teack of Radius
R in 40 sec What will be the distance and displacement
at the end of 2min 20sec

a TIR R b GTIR ZR C TTR ZR d GTR R

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Q The displacement of the point of a wheel initially in
contact with ground when the wheel lolls forward
half a Revolution will be radius of wheel be R

a b REG C ZTR d TIR

Rfp
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Q On an ground a motorist
follows a track that
open
turns to his left by an
angle of 60 after every soom
Starting from a
the motorist at the
given
third
turn
sixth and turn
of
specify the displacementthe
eigth Compare
the total
magnitude of displacement with path length
covered by the motorist
in each case