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Introduction To Computer

A computer is an electronic device that processes raw data into information using programs, which are sets of instructions that guide its operations. It has internal memory for temporary data storage and can handle two types of data: digital and analogue. Information is the refined output of processed data, which must be accurate, timely, complete, and relevant.

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4 views2 pages

Introduction To Computer

A computer is an electronic device that processes raw data into information using programs, which are sets of instructions that guide its operations. It has internal memory for temporary data storage and can handle two types of data: digital and analogue. Information is the refined output of processed data, which must be accurate, timely, complete, and relevant.

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mercymwai286
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

A computer is an electronic machine that processes raw data to give information as output.

An electronic device that accepts data as input, and transforms it under the influence of a set of special
instructions called Programs, to produce the desired output (referred to as Information).

Explanations;
A computer is described as an electronic device because; it is made up of electronic components and
uses electric energy (such as electricity) to operate.

A computer has an internal memory, which stores data & instructions temporarily awaiting processing,
and even holds the intermediate result (information) before it is communicated to the recipients through
the Output devices.

It works on the data using the instructions issued, means that, the computer cannot do any useful job on
its own. It can only work as per the set of instructions issued.

A computer will accept data in one form and produce it in another form. The data is normally held within
the computer as it is being processed.

Program:
A computer Program is a set of related instructions written in the language of the computer & is used to
make the computer perform a specific task (or, to direct the computer on what to do).

A set of related instructions which specify how the data is to be processed.


A set of instructions used to guide a computer through a process.

Data: Is a collection of raw facts, figures or instructions that do not have much meaning to the user.

Data may be in form of numbers, alphabets/letters or symbols, and can be processed to produce
information.
TYPES OF DATA.
There are two types/forms of data:

a). Digital (discrete) data:


Digital data is discrete in nature. It must be represented in form of numbers, alphabets or symbols for it
to be processed by a computer. Digital data is obtained by counting. E.g. 1, 2, 3 …

b). Analogue (continuous) data:


Analogue data is continuous in nature. It must be represented in physical nature in order to be processed
by the computer. Analogue data is obtained by measurement. E.g. Pressure, Temperature, Humidity,
Lengths or currents, etc. The output is in form of smooth graphs from which the data can be read.

Information: is the data which has been refined, summarized & manipulated in the way you want it, or
into a more meaningful form for decision-making. The information must be accurate, timely, complete
and relevant.

Exercise 1

Explain 5 characteristics of a computer.

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