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D Block Elements Removed

D-Block elements exhibit variable oxidation states and have distinct electronic configurations. They possess metallic properties such as high melting points, density, and are often involved in catalysis and form colorful compounds due to partially filled d-orbitals. The nature of their oxides varies from basic to acidic depending on the oxidation state, with notable examples including KMnO4 and K2Cr2O7.

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ashwinkumardivatar1995
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4 views1 page

D Block Elements Removed

D-Block elements exhibit variable oxidation states and have distinct electronic configurations. They possess metallic properties such as high melting points, density, and are often involved in catalysis and form colorful compounds due to partially filled d-orbitals. The nature of their oxides varies from basic to acidic depending on the oxidation state, with notable examples including KMnO4 and K2Cr2O7.

Uploaded by

ashwinkumardivatar1995
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

D-Block Elements Short Notes

Electronic Configuration
(n − 1)d1−10 ns0−2
D-Block Metal Compounds
General Properties
KMnO4
• Metallic nature
• Hard, low volatility
• High m.p./b.p.
• High density
Exceptions: Zn, Cd, Hg
Oxidation States
• Variable oxidation states
• ns and (n-1)d participate
• Energy(ns) ≈ (n-1)d
Oxide Nature vs O.S
Low Basic
Mid Amphoteric
High Acidic
Example:
CrO → basic
Cr2 O3 → amphoteric
CrO3 → acidic
3d Series Oxidation States
Sc +3
Ti +2, +3, +4
V +2, +3, +4, +5
Cr +2, +3, +6
Mn +2, +3, +4, +6, +7
Fe +2, +3
Co +2, +3
Ni +2
Cu +1, +2
Zn +2 K2 Cr2 O7
Important Ion Colours
V2+ Violet
V3+ Green
VO2+ Blue
VO+ 2 Yellow
Cr2+ Light blue
Cr3+ Violet / Green
CrO2−4 Yellow
Cr2 O2−
7 Orange
Electronic Properties
Colour:
• Due to partially filled d-orbitals
• d0 , d10 → colourless
Examples: Sc3+ , Zn2+
Magnetic moment:
p
µ = n(n + 2)
Paramagnetism increases to middle then decreases.
Other Properties
Interstitial compounds:
H, B, C, N
Catalysis:
Variable oxidation states
Examples: Fe, Ni, Pt, V
Alloys:
Hard, corrosion resistant
Standard Electrode Potential
More negative E ◦
→ Greater stability of oxidation state

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