Basics of Java Programming
➢ Java Basics:
● Java is one of the most popular and widely used programming
languages and platforms.
● A platform is an environment that helps to develop and run
programs written in any programming language.
● Java is fast, reliable and secure. From desktop to web
applications, scientific supercomputers to gaming consoles,
cell phones to the Internet, Java is used.
➢ What is Java:
● Java is a high-level, general-purpose, object-oriented, and secure
programming language.
● Java was developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc. in 1991.
● James Gosling is known as the father of Java.
● It is formally known as OAK. In 1995, Sun Microsystem
changed the name to Java. In 2009, Sun Microsystem was taken
over by Oracle Corporation.
● Sun Microsystems released its first public implementation in
1996 as Java 1.0.
➢ Java Platform:
● Java Platform is a collection of programs.
● It helps to develop and run a program written in the Java
programming language.
● Java Platform includes an execution engine, a compiler and set
of libraries.
● Java is a platform-independent language.
Ex. [Link] (high Level) → compiler →[Link] file
(byte code) → (Java Virtual Machine) → (Run Program)
(32 bit system or 64 bit system)
➢ Editions of Java:
Each edition of Java has different capabilities. There are four editions
of Java:
● Java Standard Editions (JSE): It is used to create programs for
a desktop computer.
● Java Enterprise Edition (JEE): It is used to create large
programs that run on the server and manage heavy traffic and
complex transactions.
● Java Micro Edition (JME): It is used to develop applications
for small devices such as set-top boxes, phones, and
appliances.
● JavaFX :JavaFX platform provides a modern,
hardware-accelerated graphics and media engine for developing
rich desktop applications.
● We can use JavaFX Script, a simple yet powerful scripting
language, to enable the development of rich online applications,
desktop applications, and GUI applications.
● Java created it to replace Swing as the default GUI library.
Below, we have mentioned the key applications of JavaFX.
● GEONS Ground System Software (GGSS) Nasa is used in space
technology.
● NEOS (New Eurovision Operations System) is used in television
media.
● Quote Monitor application is used in the finance sector.
➢ Types of Java Applications
There are four types of Java applications that can be created using
Java programming:
● Standalone Applications: Java standalone applications use GUI
components such as AWT, Swing, and JavaFX. These
components contain buttons, list, menu, scroll panel, etc. It is
also known as desktop alienations.
● Enterprise Applications: An application which is distributed in
nature is called enterprise applications.
● Web Applications: An application that runs on the server is
called web applications. We use JSP, Servlet, Spring, and
Hibernate technologies for creating web applications.
● Mobile Applications: Java ME is a cross-platform to develop
mobile applications which run across smartphones. Java is a
platform for App Development in Android.