ESSAY:
1. 35 years old male presented with rapid pulse, cold clammy
skin, tachypnoea with hypotension admitted in emergency
ward. History of fever for more than 1 week with increased
total WBC Count.
a) What is your diagnosis?
b) Write in detail about the pathogenesis, morphology and
how will you evaluate this condition?
2. 25 years female presented with malar rash on the face,
fever, painful joints of fingers.
a) What is your diagnosis?
b) Write about the pathogenesis and diagnosis of the
disease.
3. A patient is brought to casualty with multiple superficial
and deep injuries. Patient is a known diabetic.
a) Write in detail about the mechanism of healing and repair
of injury.
b) Discuss about the factors influencing the process of
healing and expected complications
4. Enumerate the various carcinogenic agents. Write in detail
about the process of Carcinogenesis in Carcinoma cervix.
5. A 40-year-old male presented with history of high-grade
fever. Patient had weak rapid pulse, hypotension and
tachypnea, cold clammy and cyanotic skin. Blood culture
reveals Gram negative bacterial infection. What is your
diagnosis? Explain the pathogenesis and morphology with
examples. Brief about other possible causes of your
diagnosis.
6. a) Define Neoplasia.
b) Describe the pathogenesis of Radiation oncogenesis.
c) What are the characteristics of Benign and Malignant
Neoplasms.
7. Define Thrombosis. Describe the various etiological factors
for Thrombosis. Describe the morphology of Thrombus.
8. 22 years old female with complaints of butterfly rash over
the face, joint pains and photosensitivity. What is your
diagnosis and mention about other clinical features? Write
in detail about lab diagnosis and morphological changes in
various organs.
SHORT ANS:
1. Define necrosis and its types
2. Vitamin D deficiency
3. Type IV Hypersensitivity reaction
4. Philadelphia chromosome
5. Describe the morphology of amyloidosis
6. Opportunistic infections in AIDS.
7. Chemical Carcinogenesis.
8. Disorders of pigments.
9. What is the role of prostaglandins in inflammation?
10. What are the types of carcinogens? Write about
microbial carcinogens.
11. 3 years male child had frontal bossing, pigeon chest,
bowing of legs. What is the underlying dietary deficiency?
What are the metabolic changes due to the deficiency? If
seen in adults what is the clinical manifestation?
12. Chemotaxis.
13. Turner’s syndrome.
14. Describe in detail the events of invasion and
metastasis in neoplasia.
15. Vitamin D deficiency
16. 27 years old female, one week after normal delivery
presented with complaints of dyspnoea, irritability with
bleeding Pervaginum admitted in postnatal ward. On
examination she had hypotension and increased pulse rate.
What is your probable diagnosis? What are the causes and
other investigations needed to confirm the diagnosis?
17. Pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis
18. Vitamin ‘A’ deficiency – Causes and Pathology.
19. Klinefelter syndrome.
20. Write about the morphologic changes of reversible
injury
21. Type II hypersensitivity reaction.
22. Define embolism and write about pulmonary embolism.
23. Define necrosis and write a note on caseation necrosis
24. Classify Amyloidosis and describe the morphology of
spleen in amyloidosis
25. Write about Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization (FISH).
26. Amniotic fluid embolism.
27. Write about lab diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia.
28. Write in detail about Chemical Carcinogenesis.
29. Tumor markers
30. Dystrophic and pathologic calcification
31. Type I Hypersensitivity reaction
32. Different types of giant cells with morphology and
examples.
33. Protein Energy Malnutrition
34. Glycogen storage disorders.
35. Mechanism of autoimmunity
36. Amniotic fluid Embolism.
37. Type I Hypersensitivity reaction
38. Antiphopholipid Antibody Syndrome
39. Fracture healing.
40. Tumor metastasis.
41. Graft versus Host disease
42. Down ’s Syndrome
43. Pathogenesis of Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome.
44. Write in detail about Klinefelter Syndrome and genetic
abnormality associated with it.
45. Pathogenesis of Amyloid
46. Define hyperplasia and describe with two examples
47. List five tumour markers with their significance.
48. Pathologic calcification
49. Warburg effect
50. Write in detail about Phagocytosis
51. A 17 years old female with complaints of a mobile lump
in the right breast, noticed 2 months back, has come to the
cytology laboratory for FNAC of the breast lump. USG of
breast shows a well circumscribed mass measuring 3x2x2
cm. How will you proceed with the patient?