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A pair of stock rails
A pair of tongue rails
Heel block or distance block
Stretcher bars
Switch tie plate /gauge tie plate
Slide chairs/ sliding plates
Studs/ stops
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The top and sides of a tongue rail are tapered in
such a way that it does not bear any load
Studs or stops should be strong enough
The tongue rail should be somewhat about 6mm
higher than the stock rail at the centre
Half thickness of the tongue rail at the toe should
be closely fitted within the stock rail
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Heel clearance/ heel divergence
Flangeway clearance
Flangeway depth
Switch angle
Through of switch
flare
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Distance between the running faces of the stock
rail and gauge face of the tongue rail when
measured at the heel of the switch
Type of gauge Heel divergence (in cm)
BG 13.7-13.3
MG 12.1-11.7
NG 9.8
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This is the distance between the adjacent faces of
the stock rail and the check rail. It is provided for
free movement of the wheel flanges .
Number of crossing Flangeway clearance (in cm)
1 in 12 6.3
1 in 8.5 6.6
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It is the vertical distance between the top
surface of the running rail (stock rail ) to
the top surface of heel block used between
stock rail and check rail
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Also known as an angle of switch divergence. It is
the angle between the stock tail and tongue rail.
Switch angle =(heel divergence )/ (length of tongue rail)
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It is the distance through which the toe of
the tongue rail moves sideways to provide a
path for the desired direction over the
turnout.
In India generally 11.4cm is provided
Type of gauge Throw of switch (in
cm)
BG 9.5
MG and NG 8.9
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Length of tongue rail S= R tan( /2)
Where, is angle of crossing
S is the theoretical length of tongue rail
R is radius of curve at turnout
gauge Number of Length of tongue
crossing rail ( in m)
BG 1 in 8.5 4.72
BG 1 in 12 6.40
BG 1 in 16 9.76
MG 1 in 8.5 3.96
MG 1 in 12 5.49 87
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Tongue rail are joined to lead rails by
means of fish plates. The two front bolts
are kept loose to allow the throw of switch
and these bolts are tight when the tongue is
open.
Suitable for short length
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This switch is an improvement over loose
heel type switch. In this all the 4 bolts are
tight when the tongue is closed.
Suitable for long tongue rails.
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Under cut switches
Over riding switches
Straight cut switches
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Under cut switch: Over riding switches:
Height of stock rail and The tongue rail in this type
tongue rail is same, it is rides over the flange of the
desirable to cut out a stock rail.
portion of flange at the foot Used for BG and MG tracks
of the stock rail so that the Straight cut switches:
tongue of the rail is The tongue rail is cut
accommodated under the straight in the line with the
head of the stock rail. stock rail
Used on NG Suitable BH rails
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The assembly of a crossing has to be rigid to stand against
severe vibrations which cause loosening of the
components.
The wear on parts of the wing rails, opposite the nose and
also nose itself must be protected.
The crossing body should be as rigid as possible and as
long as practicable. A short crossing has a tendency to
rock due to heavy loads at one end and lifting of the other
unloaded end.
The nose of crossing should have some thickness from
practical consideration.
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On the basis of assembly of crossing:
1) Spring or movable wing crossing
2) Ramped crossing
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TNC and ANC
Number of crossing and angle of crossing:
acute angle crossings are designated by
either the angle that the gage faces make
with each other ( angle of crossing) or
generally by the number which is
represented by N
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Right angle/ method
Centre line method
Isosceles triangle method
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Crossing Different gauge
BG MG NG
1 in 8.5 16 kmph 16 kmph 16 kmph
1 in 12 24kmph 22.5 kmph 16 kmph
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Number of crossing uses
1 in 6 Symmetric splits
1 in 8.5 Station yard where space is restricted &
speed is low
1 in 12 Station yards of main line
1 in 16 very high speed turnouts on BG & MG
routes
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