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Examples Unit 3

The document outlines core mathematical formulas essential for solving problems in dynamics, including force, weight, and momentum. It provides solved examples demonstrating the calculation of force, change in momentum, and acceleration in a system with two masses. Each example includes a question, solution, and final answer for clarity.

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4 views2 pages

Examples Unit 3

The document outlines core mathematical formulas essential for solving problems in dynamics, including force, weight, and momentum. It provides solved examples demonstrating the calculation of force, change in momentum, and acceleration in a system with two masses. Each example includes a question, solution, and final answer for clarity.

Uploaded by

mahmadcnd
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Unit 03: Dynamics I: Solved Problems in Force and Momentum

1 Core Mathematical Formulas


The following formulas are essential for solving problems in Unit 3: Dynamics.

• Force (F ): Calculated as the product of mass and acceleration: F = m × a.


• Weight (W ): The gravitational force acting on an object: W = m × g.
• Momentum (P ): The quantity of motion an object has: P = m × v.

• Force in Terms of Momentum: The rate of change of momentum is equal to the applied force:
P −P
F = ft i.

2 Solved Problems
Example 1: Calculating Force
2
Question: Find the force that can accelerate a body of 20 kg mass at 2 m/s .
Solution:
2
Given: m = 20 kg, a = 2 m/s .
Using Newton’s Second Law:
F = m × a = 20 × 2 = 40 N
Answer: 40 N.

Example 2: Force and Change in Momentum


Question: A force of 20 N acts on a body for 5 seconds. Find the change in momentum of the body.
Solution:
Given: F = 20 N, t = 5 s.
The change in momentum (∆P ) is equal to the product of force and time:

∆P = F × t = 20 × 5 = 100 Ns

Answer: 100 Ns (or kg m/s).

Example 3: Calculating Momentum


Question: Find the momentum of a body of mass 10 kg moving with a velocity of 5 m/s.
Solution:
Given: m = 10 kg, v = 5 m/s.
Using the momentum formula:

P = m × v = 10 × 5 = 50 kg m/s

Answer: 50 kg m/s.

1
Example 4: Tension in a Vertical String
Question: Two masses 5.2 kg and 4.8 kg are attached to the ends of an inexstensible string which passes
over a frictionless pulley. Find the acceleration in the system when both masses are moving vertically.
Solution:
2
Given: m1 = 5.2 kg, m2 = 4.8 kg, g = 10 m/s .
Formula for acceleration (a):

(m1 − m2 )g (5.2 − 4.8) × 10 0.4 × 10 2


a= = = = 0.4 m/s
m1 + m2 5.2 + 4.8 10
2
Answer: 0.4 m/s .

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