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Introduction 1

The document discusses the history and properties of magnetism, noting its discovery as early as 600 BC and the use of magnetic needles for navigation. It outlines an experiment to trace the magnetic field lines of a bar magnet and observe the effects of the Earth's magnetic field. Key observations include the formation of continuous loops of magnetic field lines and the identification of null points where the magnetic effects cancel each other out.

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2 views7 pages

Introduction 1

The document discusses the history and properties of magnetism, noting its discovery as early as 600 BC and the use of magnetic needles for navigation. It outlines an experiment to trace the magnetic field lines of a bar magnet and observe the effects of the Earth's magnetic field. Key observations include the formation of continuous loops of magnetic field lines and the identification of null points where the magnetic effects cancel each other out.

Uploaded by

barnalimahato17
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Introduction

Magnetism has fascinated the mankind as early as


600BC. Shepherds in an island in Greece called
Magnesia noted that their iron tipped sticks and
shoes with nails often stayed struck to the
ground .Since early times, the existence of magnetic
force have been known, certain kind of rocks called
Lodestone would attract pieces of iron. A freely
suspended Lodestone would always point in the
direction; the end which pointed towards
Geographic South was labelled South Pole. It
therefore, would appear that the Earth acts like a
giant bar magnet with its South Magnetic Pole in
the Northern Hemisphere and its North Magnetic
Pole in the Southern Hemisphere since opposite
poles attract each other.
The directional property of magnets was known,
since ancient Chinese texts dating 400BC mention
the use of magnetic needles for navigation in ships.
Aim
To trace the magnetic field lines of a bar magnet and to study
the effect of earth's magnetic field on it.

Apparatus
Drawing Board, paper, magnetic compass needle, bar magnet

Theory
A magnet has two poles, North and South, Opposite magnetic
poles attract, while similar poles repel. When a magnet is kept
at a place, it influences the space surrounding it. The effect of
the magnet is recognised by the imaginary curves called the
magnetic field lines. These magnetic field lines are influenced
by the magnetic field of the other magnet present in the area of
action. Thus the earth's magnetic field influences the field lines
of the bar magnet, and thus, there is a null point found at the
points, where the field of the two cut or nullity each other's
effect.
Observation
1. The magnetic field lines of the magnet form
continuous loops, which outside the magnet are
directed from North to South Pole.
2. These lines don't intersect each other at any
point.
3. The no, of magnetic field lines per unit are at a
point is proportional to the magnetie field at that
point, These lines are found to be more crowded
near the poles.
4. The compass needle doesn't point in any
particular direction indicating there is no net
magnetic field at the point. Such a point is called
the null point.

Result
The magnetic field and null points are as shown in
attached sheet.
Conclusions
 Bar magnets act as magnetic dipoles and no
isolated monopoles have ever been discovered.
 A higher density of nearby field lines indicating
a strong magnetic field is seen at two poles of
the bar magnet. Therefore, it can be concluded
that the two poles of a bar magnet have a
maximum strength of magnetic field.
 At null points, the compass doesn't point in any
particular direction. At this point, the magnetic
effect of a bar magnet has been neutralised by
magnetic field of earth
Bibliography
. NCERT Physics Textbook Class XII Part I & II
. [Link]
. [Link]

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