Tutorial: I

Tacheometry Survey
1. The following observations made with a fixed hair tacheometer fitted with an anallatic lens, the
constant of instrument being 100.
Inst. Station Target Bearings Vertical Stadia hair
Angle readings(m)
A M 25°55' 9°15' 0.815,1.650,2.485
N 100°15' -7°45' 0.760,2.240,3.715
Find the Gradient of line NM and Bearing of line MN.
2. Calculate the RL difference and gradient between stations P and Q from the given data which
are observed by a tacheometer from station O. Staff was vertically held at P and subtense bar at
Q. The subtended angle between the instrument and 2.5m long subtense bar was 0°35'45".
Inst. Target Bearing Zenith Staff readings(m) Subtense
Station Angle Bar
O P 330°25' 95°25' 0.550,1.150,1.750 X
Q 25°55' 86°25' X 1.450m

3. The following observation were taken from an anallatic lens fitted with a tacheometer having
instrument constant 100.
Inst. Station Staff station Zenithal Bearing Staff
Angle readings(m)
P A 65°25'40" N40°25'W 1.90,2.60,3.30
B 88°50'00" N10°15'E ***,2.105,***
Top and bottom readings at stations B could not be read due to obstacles, but the distance
between P and B was measured as 165m. Find the gradient and bearing of line BA.
4. The following are the records of a tacheometric survey;
Inst. Stations Staff Stations Bearings V.A Hair readings(m)
A B N32°25'E +9°25' 2.25,1.25,1.75
B C S44°25'E +4°10' 0.95,2.55,1.75
C D S50°15'W -6°50' 2.15,2.75,1.55
Calculate the length and bearings of line DA if staff held vertical.

5. The following observations made with a fixed hair tacheometer fitted with an anallatic lens, the
constant of instrument being 100.
Inst. Station Target Bearings Vertical Stadia hair
Angle readings(m)
A M 25°55' 9°15' 0.815,1.650,2.485
N 100°15' -7°45' 0.760,2.240,3.715
Find the Gradient of line NM and Bearing of line MN, if staff held Normal.
6. The following observations were taken from the traverse A and B. The staff was held vertical.
The tacheometer is fitted with anallatic lens.
Traverse H.I(m) Staff Bearing V.A Staff
station station readings(m)
A 1.455 C 15°20' +5° 2.60,1.85,1.10
B 1.390 D 350°50' -8° 1.32,2.50,1.91
Independent coordinates of A is (900, 1900)
Independent coordinate of B is (1050,2600)
Calculate the length and bearing of CD.

7. Determine the distance between two points P and Q and their elevation difference with the
following observations recorded upon vertically held staff from two traverse stations R and S.
Traverse R.L H.I Co-ordinates Staff Bearing V.A Staff
Station (m) (m) Latitude(L) Departure(D) Station readings
(m)
R 1020 1.45 700 1900 P 15°20' -5° 1.1,1.85,
2.6
S 1021 1.50 850 2600 Q 78°25' +3° 1.32,1.91,
2.5
 Tutorial II
Trigonometric Levelling

1. A theodolite was set up at A and the angle of elevation to a target 5 m above the top of a tower
was 15° 12′. The horizontal distance between the instrument and the target was known to be
250 m. Determine the reduced level of the top of the tower if the reduced level of the trunnion
axis of the theodolite was 2560.600 m

2. In order to ascertain the elevation of a hill top C, observations were made to a target, from two
instrument stations A and B at a horizontal distance 100 meters apart, the stations A and B are
in line with C. The angle of elevation from A and B to the target were 18° 6′ and 28° 42′
respectively. The staff readings upon the bench mark of elevation 345.580 m were respectively
2.550 m and 1.670 m when the instrument was set upon at A and B, keeping the telescope
horizontal. Determine the reduced level of the top of the hill if the height of the target was 5
meters.

3. An instrument was set up at P and the angle of elevation to a vane 4 m above the foot of staff
held at Q was 9° 30′. Horizontal distance between P and Q was known to be 2000 m. Determine
the RL of staff at station Q, given that the RL of the instrument axis was 2650.38 m. Take the
correction for curvature and refraction into account.

4. The top Q of a chimney was sighted from two stations P and R at very different levels, the
station P and R being in line with the top of the chimney. The angle of elevation from P to the
top of the chimney was 38°21′ and that from R of top of chimney was 21°18′. The angle of
elevation from R to a vane 2 m above the foot of the staff hold at P was 15°11′. The heights of
the instrument at P and R were 1.87 m and 1.64 m respectively. The horizontal distance between
P and R was 127 m. R.L. of R = 112.78 m.

5. To determine the elevation of top Q of a hill flag staff of 2 m height was erected and
observations were made from stations P and R, 60 m apart. The horizontal angle measured at P
between R and the top of the flag staff was 60°30′ and that measured at R between the top of
the flag staff and P was 68°18′. The angle of elevation to the top of the flag staff from P = 10°12′
and from R = 10°48′. Staff readings on BM when instrument was at P = 1.965 m and that with
instrument at R = 2.055 m. Calculate the elevation of the top of the hill if BM was 435.065 m?

6. It is required to determine the clear height of a flood light tower in an arena by using a
tacheometer and this zenith angles observation taken at 4m and 2.5m height on a target vane
held on a plinth level of tower were 87°55′ and 88°40′ respectively. From the same instrument,
zenithal angle observed at top of the tower was found as 67°55′. If the RL of the instrument axis
was 1250.450m, calculate the clear height of the tower (plinth to top) of the tower.
7. In a trigonometrical levelling a hill station P was sighted from two instrument stations A and B
which were at very different level but with same line of sight to that of target and following
information were noted;

Inst. Station H.I(m) Target Zenithal angle Distance