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Belgram IT Group Project
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Presentation
on: -
[Link] study on Ratan
Naval Tata
[Link] idea

Project prepared by :-
1. Aditya Sarkar 3. Rehan Hossain
2. Priyom Chowdhury 4. Himanish Mondol

Case Study on Ratan Naval Tata

Introduction: -
Ratan Naval Tata (28 December 1937 – 9 October 2024) was an Indian industrialist
and philanthropist. He served as the chairman of Tata
Group and Tata Sons from 1991 to 2012 and he held the
position of interim chairman from October 2016 to
February 2017. In 2000, he received the Padma Bhushan, the
third highest civilian honour in India, followed by the Padma
Vibhushan, the country's second highest civilian honour, in 2008.

Ratan Tata was the son of Naval Tata, who was adopted by Ratanji
Tata, son of Jamshedji Tata, the founder of the Tata Group. He
graduated from Cornell University College of Architecture with a
bachelor's degree in architecture. He had also attended the Harvard
Business School (HBS) Advanced Management Program in 1975. He
joined the Tata Group in 1962, starting on the shop floor of Tata Steel. He later succeeded J.
R. D. Tata as chairman of Tata Sons upon the latter's retirement in 1991. During his tenure,
the Tata Group acquired Tetley, Jaguar Land Rover, and Corus, in an attempt to turn Tata
from a largely India-centric group into a global business.

Throughout his life, Tata invested in over 40 start-ups, primarily in a personal capacity, with
additional investments through his firm, RNT Capital Advisors.

Early life and education: -

Ratan Tata was born in Mumbai (earlier Bombay), during the British Raj, into
a Parsi Zoroastrian family, on 28 December 1937. He was the son of Naval Tata (who was
born in Surat and later adopted into the Tata family), and Soonoo Tata (the niece of Tata
group founder Jamsetji Tata). Tata's biological grandfather, Hormusji Tata was a member of
the Tata family by blood. In 1948, when Tata was 10, his parents separated, and he was
subsequently raised and adopted by Navajbai Tata, his grandmother and widow of Ratanji
Tata. He had a younger brother Jimmy Tata and a half-brother, from Naval Tata's second
marriage to his stepmother Simone Tata and two half-sisters Shireen and Deanna Jejeebhoy
from his mother's second marriage.
Tata studied at the Campion School, Mumbai until 8th grade. He then continued his studies
at the Cathedral and John Connon School in Mumbai, the Bishop Cotton
School in Shimla, and the Riverdale Country School in New York City, from which
he graduated in 1955. After high school, Tata enrolled in Cornell University, from
which he graduated with a bachelor's degree in architecture in 1962. While at
Cornell, Tata became a member of the Alpha Sigma Phi fraternity. In 1975, Tata enrolled in
the Advanced Management Program at Harvard Business School (HBS). In 2008, Tata gifted
Cornell $50 million, becoming the largest international donor in the university's history. Tata
also donated $50 million to Harvard Business School, Harvard University to establish an
executive centre, which is now called Tata Hall that supports over 9,000 executive education
students each year.

Career: -
Early years-
After graduating from Cornell, Tata worked at the architectural firm Jones & Emmons in Los
Angeles, until his return to India in late 1962.

Later years-
In the 1970s, Ratan Tata was given a managerial position in the Tata group. He achieved
initial success by turning the subsidiary National Radio and Electronics (NELCO) around, only
to see it collapse during an economic slowdown. In 1991, J. R. D. Tata stepped down as
chairman of Tata Sons, naming him his successor. Initially, Tata faced stiff resistance from
the heads of various subsidiaries, who had a large amount of operational freedom under
the senior Tata's tenure. In response, Tata implemented a number of policies designed to
consolidate power, including the implementation of a retirement age, having subsidiaries
report directly to the group office, and requiring subsidiaries to contribute their profit to
building the Tata group brand. Tata prioritized innovation and delegated many
responsibilities to younger talent. Under his leadership, overlapping operations between
subsidiaries were streamlined into company-wide operations, with the group exiting
unrelated businesses to take on globalization.

During the 21 years Tata led the Tata Group, revenue grew over 40 times, and profit over 50
times. When he took over the company, sales overwhelmingly comprised commodity sales,
but at the end of his tenure, the majority of sales came from brands. He had Tata
Tea acquire Tetley, Tata Motors acquire Jaguar Land Rover, and Tata Steel acquire Corus.
These acquisitions repositioned Tata from a largely India-centric group into a global business,
with over 65% of revenues coming from operations and sales internationally.

He also conceptualized and spearheaded the development of the Tata Nano car after the
grand success of Diesel Tata Indica, which helped put cars at a price-point within
reach of the average Indian consumer. Tata Motors has since rolled out the first batch of
Tigor Electric Vehicles from its Sanand Plant in Gujarat, which Tata has described as to "fast-
forward India's electric dream."

Upon turning 75, Ratan Tata resigned his executive powers in the Tata group on 28
December 2012. An ensuing leadership crisis over his succession drew intense media
scrutiny. The board of directors of the company appointed his successor, Cyrus Mistry, a
relative of Tata and the son of Pallonji Mistry of the Shapoorji Pallonji Group, which was the
largest individual shareholder of the Tata group. On 24 October 2016, Cyrus Mistry was
removed as chairman of Tata Sons, and Ratan Tata was made interim chairman. A selection
committee, which included Tata as a member, was formed to find a successor. On 12 January
2017, Natarajan Chandrasekaran was named as the chairman of Tata Sons, a role he
assumed in February 2017. In February 2017, Mistry was removed as a director for Tata
Sons. The National Company Law Appellate Tribunal later found in December 2019 that the
removal of Cyrus Mistry as the chairman of Tata Sons was illegal, and ordered that he be
reinstated. On appeal, India's Supreme Court upheld the dismissal of Cyrus Mistry.

Tata had also invested in multiple companies. He had invested in Snapdeal –

one of India's leading e-commerce websites at that time. In January 2016, he
invested in Teabox, an online premium Indian Tea seller, and [Link], a
discount coupons and cash-back website. He had made small investments in
both early and late stage companies in India, such as INR 0.95 Cr in Ola Cabs. In April 2015, it
was reported that Tata had acquired a stake in the Chinese smartphone startup Xiaomi. In
2016, he invested in Nestaway an online real-estate portal that later acquired Zenify to start
the online real-estate and pet-care portal, Dogspot. Tata also launched a companionship
startup for senior citizens named Goodfellows, to encourage intergenerational friendships.

Philanthropic contributions and endowments: -

Tata was a supporter of education, medicine and rural development, and considered a
leading philanthropist in India. Ratan Tata was the highest international donor to the Cornell
University.

Some Philanthropic contributions and endowments of Ratan Tata are as

follows: -

1. 1984 Anti-Sikh Pogrom victims

In the aftermath of the 1984 Anti-Sikh Riots, Ratan Tata extended his support to
affected Sikh survivors by donating trucks through Tata Motors. This enabled Sikh truck
drivers who had lost their vehicles during the violence to regain their livelihoods. His
charitable donation enabled many Sikh victims to rebuild their lives and businesses.
 Following this act, Sikh drivers in Punjab and other parts of India continue to remain
loyal customers of Tata trucks.

2. University of New South Wales

Tata supported University of New South Wales Faculty of Engineering to develop
capacitive deionisation to provide improved water for challenged areas.

3. University of California
Tata Hall at the University of California, San Diego (UC San Diego) is a state-of-the-art
research facility that was opened in November 2018. The building is named after
the Tata Trusts, which donated $70 million to UC San Diego in 2016 to
establish the Tata Institute for Genetics and Society (TIGS), which is
housed within the building. The Tata Institute for Genetics and Society at
UC San Diego is a joint initiative between the Tata Trusts and UC San
Diego. It aims to address some of the world's most pressing problems,
such as the spread of infectious diseases and the need for sustainable food sources.
The research conducted at the institute focuses on a range of topics, including gene
editing, stem cell therapy, and disease control. Tata Hall at the UC San Diego is a 4-
storey building that is spread over 128,000 square feet and houses research facilities
for the biological and physical sciences. The building has laboratories, offices, and
meeting spaces that are designed to foster collaboration and innovation among
researchers. It is a LEED-certified building; designed to be environmentally sustainable
and energy-efficient.

4. Tata Education and Development Trust

Tata Education and Development Trust, a philanthropic affiliate of Tata Group, endowed
a $28 million Tata Scholarship Fund that will allow Cornell University to provide
financial aid to undergraduate students from India. The scholarship fund will support
approximately 20 scholars at any given time and will ensure that the very best Indian
students have access to Cornell, regardless of their financial circumstances. The
scholarship will be awarded annually; recipients will receive it for the duration of their
undergraduate study at Cornell.

5. Executive center at Harvard Business School

In 2010 Tata Group companies and Tata charities donated $50 million for the
construction of an executive center at Harvard Business School (HBS). The executive
center has been named Tata Hall, after Ratan Tata. The total construction costs have
been estimated at $100 million. Tata Hall is located in the northeast corner of the HBS
campus, and is devoted to the Harvard Business School's mid-career executive
education program. It is seven stories tall, and about 155,000 gross square feet. It
houses approximately 180 bedrooms, in addition to academic and multi-purpose
spaces.
6. Tata Innovation Center at Cornell Tech
The Tata Innovation Center at Cornell Tech is named after Ratan Tata, and mixes
academics and industry in a building on the Roosevelt Island campus. The
seven-floor structure is meant primarily as a business incubator for students,
faculty, and staff, with 70% of the building being commercially leased and 30%
devoted to academic space. Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) is a tenant in the space.

7. Indian Institute of Technology

In 2014, Tata Group endowed the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay with ₹950
million (US$11 million) and formed the Tata Centre for Technology and Design (TCTD)
to develop design and engineering principles suited to the needs of people and
communities with limited resources.

8. Indian Centre for Neuroscience

Tata Trusts under the chairmanship of Ratan Tata provided a grant of ₹750
million (US$8.9 million) to the Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of
Science to study mechanisms underlying the cause of Alzheimer's disease
and to evolve methods for its early diagnosis and treatment. This grant was
to be spread over 5 years starting in 2014.

9. MIT Tata Center of Technology and Design

Tata Group, under the leadership of Ratan Tata formed the MIT Tata Center of
Technology and Design at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) with a mission
to address the challenges of resource-constrained communities, with an initial focus on
India.

10. Cornell University

Ratan Tata was the highest international donor to the Cornell University. Cornell
University paid tribute to its alumnus Ratan Tata, honouring his leadership,
philanthropy, and contributions to education and research, particularly through the
Tata-Cornell Institute for Agriculture and Nutrition.

11. Contributions to Taj Hotel Staff victims

Following the attack on the Taj Mahal Palace Hotel in November 2008 by Pakistan
based terrorists of Lashkar-e-Taiba, Tata decided to restore the heritage of the
hotel as well as financially support the families of people who lost their
lives in the attack, even personally visiting the homes of victims to ensure
their well-being. During the carnage, Tata also chose to wait outside the Taj
Hotel for three days until the operation concluded.
12. Animal welfare
In June 2024, Tata personally appealed on Instagram for volunteers to donate blood for
a critically ill stray dog at his Mumbai animal hospital, prompting
numerous offers and underlining his personal commitment to
animal welfare.

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