Industrial Garments
© Md Samiul Alom Washing
Lecturer & Course Coordinator, CP 3: GMT Washing
Dept. of Textile & Fashion Management, ISTT M/C
Email: [Link]@[Link], samiul_dtfm@[Link]
Chapter 3
Garments Washing Machine
Introduction:
Washing machine is the machine used to wash the various types of clothes without applying any
physical efforts. With washing machine, you don’t have to rub the clothes with hand or squeeze
them to remove the water from them. The washing machine is also called as clothes washer or
simply the washer.
List of Washing Machine Used in Garment Washing Plant:
1. Front Loading Washing Machine
2. Side Loading Washing Machine
3. Top Loading Washing Machine
4. Stone Washing Machine
5. Sample Washing Machine (Horizontal)
6. Sample Washing Machine (Vertical Type)
7. Semi-automatic washing machine
8. Fully automatic machine
9. Belly washing machine
10. Hydro Extractor Machine
11. Dryer Machine (Steam, Gas)
12. Ozone Machine
13. Chemical Mixture Machine
14. Industrial Oven (Gas)
15. Industrial Oven (Electric)
16. Boiler
17. Submersible Pump
18. Grinding Machine
19. Pen destroy machine
20. Steam chamber for crinkle
21. E.T.P (Effluent Treatment Plant)
22. Sand Blasting Gun
23. Sand Blasting chamber
24. Screw compressor
25. Laser machine
26. Spray gun and dummy
27. Tagging Machine
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Industrial Garments
© Md Samiul Alom Washing
Lecturer & Course Coordinator, CP 3: GMT Washing
Dept. of Textile & Fashion Management, ISTT M/C
Email: [Link]@[Link], samiul_dtfm@[Link]
3.1 Front Loading Garment Washing Machine:
Figure 3.1: Front Loading Machine
Features of Front-Loading Washing Machine:
1. Available with complete stainless-steel inner & outer drum Front door.
2. Long-lasting rust-free operation.
3. Auto timed, auto reverse, auto temperature control.
4. Auto Water Level Control.
5. Electrically operated water & steam valves.
6. Separate motors for wash & extract.
7. Ideally suited for laundry wash & stone wash.
8. Easy loading & unloading through large toughened glass door.
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Industrial Garments
© Md Samiul Alom Washing
Lecturer & Course Coordinator, CP 3: GMT Washing
Dept. of Textile & Fashion Management, ISTT M/C
Email: [Link]@[Link], samiul_dtfm@[Link]
3.2 Top loading washing machine:
In this washing machine the clothes are loaded from the top of the washing machine. There is a
cover at the top that helps loading and unloading of clothes in the round vessel that perform the
function of the washer as well as the rinser and drier in the fully automatic washing machine.
Figure 3.2: Top loading garment washing machine
3.3 Grinding Machine
A grinding process is done on jeans to give them an old look and a vintage look. Specifically, this
machine is used to grind the edges of jeans, especially the hum and pocket edges. A machine such
as this one has two wheels. Powered by electrical energy, these wheels move at high speeds with
a high degree of efficiency. The edges of the garments are being compressed by the wheel and this
is causing slight damage to the garments.
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Industrial Garments
© Md Samiul Alom Washing
Lecturer & Course Coordinator, CP 3: GMT Washing
Dept. of Textile & Fashion Management, ISTT M/C
Email: [Link]@[Link], samiul_dtfm@[Link]
Figure 3.3: Grinding Machine
3.4 Pen Grinding Machine
This machine is used to destroy the garments. This machine is operated by pneumatic signals or
electric signals. One stone is attached with this machine at the front side. When this stone moves
with high speed on the specific area of garments it damages that specific area.
Figure 3.4: Pen Grinding Machine
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Industrial Garments
© Md Samiul Alom Washing
Lecturer & Course Coordinator, CP 3: GMT Washing
Dept. of Textile & Fashion Management, ISTT M/C
Email: [Link]@[Link], samiul_dtfm@[Link]
3.5 3-D Crinkle
This is the machine which is used for 3d crinkle. This crinkle slightly different from normal crinkle,
one is two dimension and another is three dimensions. This machine has some patterns which are
put inside the garments and is heated at oven. Before putting the garments into the oven, we have
to use resins at specific place. At first the resin is sprayed at the specific area of the garments and
then put into the handle of the machine and making 3d crinkle as per required, after making 3d
crinkle sent to oven for curing for pretreatment reaction.
Figure 3.5: 3-D Crinkle
3.6 Normal Crinkle Machine
To squeeze the garments, this machine is used. At first we have to apply resin on specific area of
garments and then squeeze the garments of that specific area at high temperature for a specific
period of time. This type of crinkle is made for crimping after wash.
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@ Md. Samiul Alom/D/ISTT/Lecture/I G Washing/F
Industrial Garments
© Md Samiul Alom Washing
Lecturer & Course Coordinator, CP 3: GMT Washing
Dept. of Textile & Fashion Management, ISTT M/C
Email: [Link]@[Link], samiul_dtfm@[Link]
Figure 3.6: Normal Crinkle Machine
3.7 Plastic Staple Machine
This machine is used to tack the garments. This machine has needle and plastic pin. The workers
press the paddle of the machine and then moves by the help of a motor and needle goes inside the
fabric.
3.7 Plastic Staple Machine
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Industrial Garments
© Md Samiul Alom Washing
Lecturer & Course Coordinator, CP 3: GMT Washing
Dept. of Textile & Fashion Management, ISTT M/C
Email: [Link]@[Link], samiul_dtfm@[Link]
3.8 Gas Dryer
After the garments have been washed, they are usually dried using a machine known as a dryer. It
is important to note that there are two types of dryers. The gas dryer is one of those types of dryers.
The gas is directly used in the production of heat in this type of dryer. A dryer of this type applies
heat from the upper part of the dryer, which is the part where the heat is applied.
3.9 Steam Dryer
Steam is used in steam dryers in order to produce heat. A condenser is a device that converts steam
into heat via the process of condensation. Steam dryers are now available for sale in used condition.
Using a steam dryer will not affect the shade of the garments in any way.
Figure 3.8: Steam Dryer
3.10 Laser Machine
Day by day, there is an increasing amount of new technology being introduced to the denim
washing sector. One of these technologies is the laser technology. It is a laser machine used for
destroying whiskers and whiskers on jeans using lasers. The term “laser” refers to the amplification
of light by stimulating the emission of radiation by stimulating the emission of light. Through the
use of a light emitting system, laser machines are able to burn specific areas of jeans in accordance
with their design. To begin with, the design of the whiskers or destroys is created in Photoshop or
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@ Md. Samiul Alom/D/ISTT/Lecture/I G Washing/F
Industrial Garments
© Md Samiul Alom Washing
Lecturer & Course Coordinator, CP 3: GMT Washing
Dept. of Textile & Fashion Management, ISTT M/C
Email: [Link]@[Link], samiul_dtfm@[Link]
Illustrator. After that, the design is input into the laser machine for cutting. As soon as the jeans
have been designed, a laser light is imposed on them according to the design.
Figure 3.9: Laser Machine
3.11 PP Spray Gun
In order to spray specific areas of garments with PP, a PP spray gun is used. The PP solution is
kept in a small pot in which it is kept. With the help of the air pressure, the PP solution is pumped
out of the gun pot by the air pressure. There are buttons that can be used to control the system. The
amount of spray that is sprayed on jeans can be increased or decreased by moving the control
button on the device.
3.12 PP Spray Cabin
This is the cabin that contains spray gun and rubber dummy. At first the garments are put on
dummy and then spray pp by gun. This cabin has two or three exhaust fans. This fan exhausts the
dust or pp smell from cabin.
Potassium permanganate is hanged inside the cabin by bucket. When the workers start to spray the
solution comes from the bucket with the help of the air pressure.
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Industrial Garments
© Md Samiul Alom Washing
Lecturer & Course Coordinator, CP 3: GMT Washing
Dept. of Textile & Fashion Management, ISTT M/C
Email: [Link]@[Link], samiul_dtfm@[Link]
Figure 3.10: PP Spray Cabin
3.13 Whisker Pattern
Whisker pattern is a kind of machine by which we can do whisker. This pattern is made by rubber
sheets and art paper or only rubber sheets. After making the patterns put inside the garments and
then scrap with sand paper.
Among all the dry processes that can be applied to denim, whiskering is the most crucial. Making
whiskers is done by making patterns that look like whiskers. In some cases, designers make their
own whiskers according to their own creations. The jeans are mounted on the dummy in their raw
state. Dummy is made up of rubber balloons which are used as a mechanism.
The jeans are mounted on the dummy, and then air is supplied to the dummy by an air compressor
after the jeans are mounted on the dummy. Now whiskers are being done by sand paper in a careful
manner. A hand scraper or a hand brush can also be used on jeans locally by using this type of
dummy.
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Industrial Garments
© Md Samiul Alom Washing
Lecturer & Course Coordinator, CP 3: GMT Washing
Dept. of Textile & Fashion Management, ISTT M/C
Email: [Link]@[Link], samiul_dtfm@[Link]
Figure 3.11 Whisker Pattern
3.14 Abrasive Paper
Abrasive paper is used to scrap the garments. This paper has so many grades. Generally in washing
plant we use some of the grades like 220, 320, 420 and 620. This serial is based on the power of
the paper. If the number is less power is more and if the number is high power is less.
Figure 3.12: Abrasive Paper
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Industrial Garments
© Md Samiul Alom Washing
Lecturer & Course Coordinator, CP 3: GMT Washing
Dept. of Textile & Fashion Management, ISTT M/C
Email: [Link]@[Link], samiul_dtfm@[Link]
3.15 Sand Blasting Machine
These machines are used to remove the color from the garments. Sands directly hit on the garments
surface by air pressure and the color come out from the garments surface. But now a days this
process is not used due to environmental and health hazardous.
Figure 3.13: Sand Blasting Machine
3.16 Pressing Machine
Pressing machine is used for pressing the garments by heat and it makes permanent palette. In this
machine we use steam as heat. First, we have to press the garments by using steam to produce heat.
Then the fabric reacts with resin.
Figure 3.14 Pressing Machine
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Industrial Garments
© Md Samiul Alom Washing
Lecturer & Course Coordinator, CP 3: GMT Washing
Dept. of Textile & Fashion Management, ISTT M/C
Email: [Link]@[Link], samiul_dtfm@[Link]
3.17 Hand Sand Machine
Actually it is not a machine, it is a dummy. This machine contains one balloon, sand, and some
pneumatic signals. Garments are put on dummy and then give air pressure and the process have
done. We have to give proper air pressure; otherwise crease mark will come out at the time of hand
sanding.
Figure 3.15: Hand Sand Machine
3.18 Hydro-extractor
There is a device called a hydro-extractor that is used to remove excess water from the garments.
Using the centrifugal force, a hydro-extractor works on the principle of a centrifugal force. The
garments should be placed in the washing machine after they have been washed. In the event that
the machine is moving at a high speed, a lot of water will drain from the garments as it moves. As
soon as the garments have been unloaded from the machine, they will be sent to the section of the
dryer for drying. With the help of the hydro-extractor, about 70-80% of the water is removed from
the process.
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