Ch5- UNDERSTANDING MARGINALISATION
Worksheet
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions
[Link] combination best explains why development projects marginalise
Adivasis?
Resource extraction without consent
Loss of cultural institutions
Guaranteed long-term employment
State-supported displacement
A. 1, 2 and 4
B. 1 and 3
C. 2 and 3
D. 3 and 4
Answer: A
2. Picture-Based (Fig.
– Adivasi Dance Representation)
The repeated depiction of Adivasis as dancers mainly results in:
A. Cultural celebration
B. Economic upliftment
C. Simplification of identity
D. Political visibility
Answer: C3. Which Adivasi language has the largest number of speakers and a
significant body of online publications?
A. Gondi
B. BhiliC. Santhali
D. Mundari
Answer: C
4. According to the 2011 Census, what is the percentage of Muslims in India's
population?
A. 13.4%
B. 14.2%
C. 15.6%
D. 12.8%
Answer: B
5. The high-level committee set up in 2005 to examine the socio-economic
status of Muslims was chaired by:
A. Justice Rajindar Sachar
B. Justice Ranganath Misra
C. Justice P.N. Bhagwati
D. Justice J.S. Verma
Answer: A6. What does the term ‘Ghettoisation’ refer to in the context of
marginalisation?
A. The process of integrating into the mainstream.
B. A locality populated largely by members of a particular community due to
social or economic reasons.
C. The movement of people from rural to urban areas.
D. The government policy of providing housing to the poor.
Answer: B7. Assertion (A): Marginalisation is seldom experienced in just one sphere.
Reason (R): Economic, social, cultural, and political factors work together to
make certain groups feel marginalised.
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true.
Answer: A
8. Assertion (A): The Constitution provides safeguards to religious and
linguistic minorities.
Reason (R): Size can be a disadvantage, leading to the marginalisation of
relatively smaller communities by the majority.
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.B. Both A and R are true, but R
is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true.
Answer: A
9. Which of the following is an INCORRECT reason for the marginalisation of a
group?
A. Speaking a different language.
B. Following different customs.
C. Belonging to the majority religious group.
D. Being considered of 'low' social status.
Answer: C
10. Dadu was forced to leave his village in Odisha because:A. He wanted to find a better job in
Delhi.
B. Forest officials and contractors cut down the forest and the land was taken
for mining.
C. His family wanted to experience city life.
D. The village was destroyed by a natural disaster.
Answer: B
11. When Adivasis are displaced from their land, they lose more than just
income. They lose:
A. Only their houses.B. Their traditions and customs—a way of living and being.
C. Only their access to schools.
D. Their citizenship.
Answer: B
12. Why are tribals sometimes called "encroachers" by the government?
A. Because they enter cities without permission.
B. Because they continue to stay in forests that have been declared national
parks or sanctuaries.
C. Because they steal timber from private industries.
D. Because they refuse to pay taxes.
Answer: B
13. Based on the Sachar Committee Report, which group's socio-economic
situation is comparable to that of Muslims?
A. The wealthy elite.
B. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
C. The majority community.D. Foreign immigrants.
Answer: B
14. According to the text, why do some people think Muslims are "not like the
rest of us"?
A. Because they speak a foreign language.B. Because of visible markers like the burqa, long
beard, or fez.
C. Because they refuse to participate in the economy.
D. Because they live in different states.
Answer: B
15. What is the impact of "militarisation" on Adivasi lands, particularly in the
North East?
A. It brings more jobs to the region.
B. It helps Adivasis protect their forests.
C. It often leads to displacement and restricted access to their own lands.
D. It improves the literacy rate of the community.
Answer: C
Section B: VERY SHORT ANSWER
16. How were Adivasis marginalised?
Answer
Adivasis feel marginalised due to their poor and low social status. This sense
of difference
and exclusion leads to communities not having access to resources and
opportunities, and in
their inability to assert their rights.
17. List two reasons why Adivasis are becoming increasingly [Link]:The
development of forests robbed the Adivasis of their natural territory and
livelihood and turned them into marginal and powerless communities. The
Adivasis are portrayed negatively as exotic, primitive and backward people
and are represented through colourful costumes and headgears. This has led
to the marginalization of this community in modern India.
18. Write one reason why you think the Constitution’s safeguards to protect
minority
communities are very important?
Solution:
Constitutional safeguards are important because these communities are
backward
and are lacking at educational, social, and economic levels. To give them
equal status
in society these safeguards are required. For the progress of a nation, it is
necessary
that all parts of society should progress.
Section C: SHORT ANSWER
19. Would you agree with the statement that economic and social
marginalisation are interlinked? Why?
Answer:
Yes, economic and social marginalization is interlinked.
1. Dalits and tribals were considered a lower class of society.
● They are living in separate areas of villages. Tribals are living in remote
areas.● They were not getting a proper education, so not good jobs.2. When they do not get
opportunities, they remain economically weak and do
not get
an education and this circle continues.
20. What happened to Adivasis when they lost access to their traditional
homelands?
Answer
After Adivasis lost access to their traditional homelands, i.e. forests, they
became pampers.
They faced the problems of livelihood and food. Hence, they migrated to cities
in search of work. They got employment there but against very low wages. This
made their life miserable. They caught in a cycle of poverty and deprivation
45% of tribal groups in rural areas and 35% in urban areas live below the
poverty line. Their children, became malnourished in dearth of adequate food.
21. During a discussion on cultural diversity in India, a student makes
stereotypical remarks about Adivasis based on a parade performance. Explain
three realities of Adivasi life that would help correct this misunderstanding.
Answer:
Adivasis had a deep knowledge of the forests. They were traditionally hunter-
gatherers and nomads and lived by shifting agriculture and also cultivating in
one place. This knowledge of forests made the Adivasis indispensable to the
Rulers of the various Empires in India during the pre-colonial days. Adivasis
have their own languages which may be as old as Sanskrit. The Adivasi
language has influenced the formation of Indian languages, like [Link] D: LONG
ANSWER22. Describe the key features of Adivasi communities in India with
reference
to their population, habitat, social structure, religion, and language.
Answer
The term Adivasi means original inhabitant. This community has close relation
with forests. They depend on forests for everything. They cannot think a life
without forests. About 8% of India’s population is Adivasi. Adivasis are found
in states like Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand,Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Maharashtra,
Assam, Manipur etc. There are over 500 different Adivasi groups in our
country. Only in Orissa there are more than 60 different tribal groups. Adivasi
societies are also most distinctive because there is often very little hierarchy
among them. They practise their own tribal religions, different from Islam,
Hinduism and Christianity. They have their own languages, which are as old as
Sanskrit. Santhali is one of the languages which has the largest numbers of
speakers.
23. Minority communities are often provided constitutional protection.
Explain the term minority and justify the need for such safeguards.
Answer
The term ‘minority’ is most commonly used to refer to communities that are
numerically small in relation to the rest of the population. The Indian
Constitution recognised that the culture of the majority influences the way in
which society and government might express themselves. In such cases, size
can be a disadvantage and lead to the marginalisation of the relatively smaller
communities. Thus, safeguards are needed to protect minority communities
against the possibility of being culturally dominated by the majority. They alsoprotect them
against any discrimination and disadvantage that they may face.