Basic knowledge Computer

Akash Soni
Educator @PrayasKSG

One Liner Questions

Introduction to Computer

Q: What is a high-speed device used in CPU that is utilised to store data temporarily during
processing? — A: Register
Q: Related to computers, what is “Wetware”? — A: Human brain
Q: Which machine was built by Charles Babbage? — A: Analytical Engine
Q: What is the work of BIOS? — A: To starting system hardware parts
Q: IC chips used in computer are made up of what? — A: Silicon
Q: Brain of any computer system is called what? — A: CPU
Q: Speed of CPU is measured in what unit? — A: Hertz
Q: The transfer of computer data from CPU to peripheral devices is achieved through what? — A:
Ports
Q: In which year did Sir Tim Berners-Lee invent the World Wide Web? — A: 1989/1990
Q: What was the first web browser developed by NCSA? — A: Mosaic
Q: Who designed the first Analog Computer in India? — A: Samarendra Kumar Mitra
Q: The father of supercomputing is called what? — A: Seymour Cray
Q: Who invented the World Wide Web in 1989? — A: Tim Berners-Lee
Q: Which was the first supercomputer bought by India for weather forecasting? — A: Cray X-
MP-14
Q: When and where was India’s first computer installed? — A: ISI Calcutta, 1955
Q: Which is India’s first microprocessor? — A: Shakti
Q: Who is considered to be the Father of Modern Computers? — A: Alan Turing
Q: India’s first supercomputer is called? — A: PARAM 8000
Q: World’s first supercomputer developed in 1976 is called ? — A: Cray-1
Q: Who invented the world’s first Mechanical Computer? — A: Charles Babbage
Q: Who invented the electronic computer? — A: J. Presper Eckert
Q: The name of the first electronic digital computer of the world is what? — A: ENIAC
Q: What was the name given to India’s first supercomputer? — A: PARAM
Q: When was India’s first supercomputer made? — A: 1991
Q: Who is known as the Father of Supercomputer in India? — A: Vijay Pandurang Bhatkar
Q: Founder of Artificial Intelligence is? — A: John McCarthy
Q: Founder of Email is ? — A: Shiva Ayyadurai
Q: Founder of Internet is ? — A: Vint Cerf
Q: Founder of Mobile Phones is ? — A: Martin Cooper
Q: Founder of Mouse is? — A: Douglas Engelbart
Q: Founder of USB is ? — A: Ajay V. Bhatt
Q: Founder of World Wide Web (WWW) is ? — A: Tim Berners-Lee
Q: First Commercial Computer is? — A: UNIVAC
Q: First Modern Computer is? — A: ENIAC
Q:Founder of Bluetooth is? — A: Ericsson
Q: Father of Computer is? — A: Charles Babbage

Generations of Computer

Q: Graphical User Interface (GUI) was developed during which generation of computer? — A:
Fourth Generation
Q: PARAM supercomputer belongs to which generation? — A: Fifth Generation
Q: ENIAC and EDVAC are examples of which generation computers? — A: First Generation
Q: Which generation of computer replaced IC with VLSI? — A: Fourth Generation
Q: Which generation of computer used machine language as programming language? — A:
First Generation
Q: Which generation of computer used vacuum tubes? — A: First Generation
Q: Which generation of computer used transistors? — A: Second Generation
Q: Which generation of computer used integrated circuits? — A: Third Generation
Q: Which technology was used in Third Generation computers? — A: Integrated Circuits
Q: Which technology was used in Fourth Generation computers? — A: VLSI (Very Large Scale
Integration)
Q: Which technology is used in Fifth Generation computers? — A: ULSI (Ultra Large Scale
Integration)
Q: In which generation were keyboards and monitors used for the first time? — A: Third
Generation
Q: Graphical User Interface (GUI) was used in which generation of computers? — A: Fourth
Generation
Q: What was the processing method used in First Generation computers? — A: Batch Processing
Q: Advanced technology such as Artificial Intelligence and Quantum computing was mainly
used in which generation of computers? — A: Fifth Generation
Q: Which Generation of Computer used Microprocessors ? — A: Fourth Generation

Computer Memory

Q: What is Computer Memory? — A: Memory is the storage area used to store data and
instructions
Q: What are the two main types of memory? — A: Primary memory and Secondary memory
Q: What is Primary Memory? — A: Memory directly accessed by CPU for processing
Q: What is Secondary Memory? — A: Memory used for permanent data storage
Q: What is RAM (Random Access Memory)? — A: Volatile memory used for temporary data
storage
Q: What is ROM (Read Only Memory)? — A: Non-volatile memory storing permanent instructions
Q: What is Cache Memory? — A: High-speed memory between CPU and RAM
Q: Which memory is fastest in a computer? — A: Registers and Cache memory
Q: Which memory is volatile in nature? — A: RAM
Q: Which memory is non-volatile? — A: ROM
Q: What is Virtual Memory? — A: Memory using hard disk as extension of RAM
Q: What is Register? — A: Smallest and fastest memory inside CPU
Q: What is Memory Unit? — A: Unit used to measure storage capacity
Q: What is full form of KB? — A: Kilobyte
Q: What is full form of MB? — A: Megabyte
Q: What is full form of GB? — A: Gigabyte
Q: What is full form of TB? — A: Terabyte
Q: Primary Memory is also known as what? — A: Main Memory
Q: Primary Memory communicates directly with which unit? — A: CPU
Q: Primary Memory is classified into which two types? — A: RAM and ROM
Q: RAM is what type of memory? — A: Temporary memory
Q: RAM is what type of memory in nature? — A: Volatile memory
Q: Where is RAM located? — A: On the motherboard
Q: ROM is what type of memory? — A: Permanent memory
Q: ROM is what type of memory in nature? — A: Non-volatile memory
Q: What happens to ROM when power is switched off? — A: Data is not lost
Q: PROM is what type of memory? — A: Programmable read-only memory
Q: PROM can be modified how many times? — A: Only once
Q: PROM is also known as what type of device? — A: One-time programmable device
Q: PROM is also known as what type of device? — A: One-time programmable device
Q: EPROM can be erased using what? — A: Ultra-violet light
Q: EPROM is also known as what? — A: Ultraviolet erasable programmable ROM
Q: EEPROM can be erased using what? — A: Electrical signals
Q: What is Cache Memory? — A: High-speed memory between RAM and CPU
Q: What is the function of Cache Memory? — A: Increases processing speed
Q: Cache memory can be accessed faster than what? — A: Regular RAM
Q: What is a Register? — A: Temporary storage area in CPU
Q: All data must be represented where before processing? — A: Register
Q: CPU power and speed is determined by what? — A: Number of registers
Q: Secondary Memory is also known as what? — A: Auxiliary or External Memory
Q: Secondary Memory stores data in what manner? — A: Permanently
Q: Hard disk speed is measured in what unit? — A: RPM (Revolution per Minute)
Q: In computing, MHz is associated with what? — A: Processing speed
Q: Processing speed of computer is measured in what? — A: MHz

Input-Output Device

Q: What are Input Devices? — A: Devices used to enter data into a computer
Q: What are Output Devices? — A: Devices used to display processed data
Q: Which is the most commonly used input device? — A: Keyboard
Q: Which device is used to control cursor movement? — A: Mouse
Q: Which input device is used for scanning images? — A: Scanner
Q: Which device is used to input voice into computer? — A: Microphone
Q: Which input device reads barcodes? — A: Barcode reader
Q: Which device is used for touch-based input? — A: Touchscreen
Q: Which is the most commonly used output device? — A: Monitor
Q: Monitor is also known as what? — A: VDU (Visual Display Unit)
Q: Which device produces hard copy output? — A: Printer
Q: Which output device is used for sound? — A: Speaker
Q: What is a Plotter? — A: Output device used for large graphical drawings
Q: Which printer uses ink cartridges? — A: Inkjet printer
Q: Which printer uses laser technology? — A: Laser printer
Q: Which printer prints one character at a time? — A: Dot matrix printer
Q: What is OCR (Optical Character Recognition)? — A: Converts printed text into digital text
Q: What is OMR (Optical Mark Recognition)? — A: Detects marked answers on sheets
Q: What is MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition)? — A: Reads magnetic ink on cheques
Q: What is Soft Copy? — A: Digital output displayed on screen
Q: What is Soft Copy? — A: Digital output displayed on screen
Q: What is Hard Copy? — A: Printed output on paper
Q: Which printer is fastest among all? — A: Laser printer
Q: Which printer produces high-quality graphics output? — A: Laser printer
Q: What is the function of speaker? — A: Converts digital signals into sound

Computer Languages

Q: What is a Computer Language? — A: Language used to communicate with a computer

Q: How many types of computer languages are there? — A: Three types
Q: What are the three types of computer languages? — A: Machine, Assembly, High-level
language
Q: What is Machine Language? — A: Language using binary code (0 and 1)
Q: What is Assembly Language? — A: Language using mnemonics instead of binary
Q: What is High-level Language? — A: Language using English-like statements
Q: Which is the lowest level language? — A: Machine language
Q: Which language is directly understood by computer? — A: Machine language
Q: Which language is easiest to understand by humans? — A: High-level language
Q: What is an Assembler? — A: Converts assembly language into machine language
Q: What is a Compiler? — A: Converts entire high-level program into machine code
Q: What is an Interpreter? — A: Converts and executes code line by line
Q: Which is faster: Compiler or Interpreter? — A: Compiler
Q: Which translator shows errors line by line? — A: Interpreter
Q: What is Source Code? — A: Program written in high-level language
Q: What is Object Code? — A: Converted machine language program
Q: Give examples of high-level languages. — A: C, C++, Java, Python
Q: Which language is used for system programming? — A: C
Q: The first programming language was ? — A: FORTRAN
Q: FORTRAN is what type of language? — A: First high level programming language
Q: Which programming language is written in the form of stream of bits? — A: High Level
Language
Q: Language is used to access data from a database is ? — A: SQL
Q: Which translates the Assembly language into machine code? — A: Assembler
Q: 0 and 1 are used in which language? — A: Machine Language
Q: Mnemonics codes are used in which language? — A: Assembly Language
Q: Which programming language is related to the development of Android? — A: JAVA
Q: C++ is what type of language? — A: High Level Language
Q: C++ is what type of language? — A: High Level Language
Q: Which software is used to translate high level language into machine code? — A: Compiler and
Interpreter
Q: The machine language of computer is based on ? — A: Boolean Algebra
Q: Errors found by compilers are known as ? — A: Syntax Error
Q: Which is the mother language of programming? — A: C
Q: Which is the first high level language to be installed in PC? — A: BASIC
Q: What is HTML used for? — A: Designing and structuring web pages
Q: Which are 5th generation languages? — A: PROLOG and LISP
Q: Which language is an Object Oriented Language (OOL)? — A: C++, Java, Python C#
Q: Which language is a Procedural Language? — A: C, PASCAL, FORTRAN
Q: Which language is a Scripting Language? — A: JavaScript, PHP
Q: Which language is used to write animation and games? — A: Java
Q: How many generations of programming languages are there? — A: Five generations
Q: What is First Generation Language (1GL)? — A: Machine language using binary code
Q: What is Second Generation Language (2GL)? — A: Assembly language using mnemonics
Q: What is Third Generation Language (3GL)? — A: High-level language like C, COBOL
Q: What is Fourth Generation Language (4GL)? — A: Non-procedural language like SQL
Q: What is Fifth Generation Language (5GL)? — A: AI-based language like PROLOG, LISP
Q: Which language is directly understood by computer? — A: Machine language
Q: Which language uses mnemonics? — A: Assembly language
Q: Which generation language is machine dependent? — A: First generation
Q: Which generation language is machine independent? — A: Third generation
Q: Which generation languages are used for Artificial Intelligence? — A: Fifth generation
Q: Give examples of 4GL languages. — A: SQL
Q: Give examples of 5GL languages. — A: PROLOG, LISP
Q: Who Created LISP Programming language. — A: John Maccarthy

Software & Hardware

Q: What is Hardware? — A: Physical components of a computer system

Q: What is Software? — A: Set of programs that control computer operations
Q: What are the two types of software? — A: System software and Application software
Q: What is System Software? — A: Software that manages hardware and system operations
Q: What is Application Software? — A: Software used for specific user tasks
Q: What is an Operating System (OS)? — A: Software that acts as interface between user and
hardware
Q: Which software controls overall computer functioning? — A: Operating System
Q: What is Utility Software? — A: Software used for maintenance and optimization
Q: Give examples of Utility Software. — A: Antivirus, Disk cleanup
Q: What is Firmware? — A: Software stored in ROM controlling hardware
Q: What is BIOS (Basic Input Output System)? — A: Firmware that initializes hardware at
startup
Q: What is Freeware? — A: Software available free of cost
Q: What is Shareware? — A: Software available for trial period
Q: What is Open Source Software? — A: Software with publicly available source code
Q: What is Proprietary Software? — A: Software owned and controlled by company
Q: What is a Device Driver? — A: Software that allows OS to communicate with hardware
Q: What is Compiler? — A: Software translating high-level language into machine code
Q: What is Interpreter? — A: Software translating code line by line
Q: The place where accessories are connected to computer is called what? — A: Port
Q: What is debugging? — A: Process of finding and removing errors in a program
Q: What is a port in computer? — A: A port is an interface to connect external devices
Q: Where are ports located in a computer? — A: On the motherboard or CPU cabinet
Q: Which port is used to connect keyboard? — A: PS/2 port
Q: Which port is used to connect mouse? — A: PS/2 port
Q: Which port is commonly used for modern devices? — A: USB port
Q: What is USB (Universal Serial Bus)? — A: Standard port for connecting multiple devices
Q: Which port is used for pen drive? — A: USB port
Q: Which port is used to connect printer? — A: USB port
Q: Which port is used to connect monitor? — A: VGA / HDMI port
Q: What is HDMI (High Definition Multimedia Interface)? — A: Port for audio and video
transmission
Q: What is VGA (Video Graphics Array)? — A: Port for video display
Q: Which port is used for internet connection? — A: Ethernet port
Q: What is Ethernet port also called? — A: LAN port
Q: What is an Operating System? — A: Software that acts as interface between user and
hardware
Q: What is the main function of an Operating System? — A: Managing hardware and software
resources
Q: What are the types of Operating Systems? — A: Batch, Time-sharing, Real-time, Distributed
Q: What is Batch Operating System? — A: Processes jobs in batches without user interaction
Q: What is Time-sharing Operating System? — A: Allows multiple users to share CPU time
Q: What is Real-time Operating System? — A: Provides immediate response to inputs
Q: What is Distributed Operating System? — A: Manages multiple computers as one system
Q: What is the brain of computer system? — A: CPU
Q: Which software controls the entire computer system? — A: Operating System
Q: What is Multitasking? — A: Running multiple programs at the same time
Q: What is Multiprocessing? — A: Using multiple CPUs for processing
Q: What is Multithreading? — A: Executing multiple threads of a process
Q: What is Booting? — A: Process of starting a computer
Q: What are types of booting? — A: Cold boot and Warm boot
Q: What is GUI (Graphical User Interface)? — A: Interface using icons and graphics
Q: What is CLI (Command Line Interface)? — A: Interface using text commands
Q: What is Booting? — A: Booting is the process of starting a computer system
Q: Android is an operating system based on what? — A: Linux
Q: What is a Bug? — A: A bug is an error or flaw in a program
Q: What are common examples of system software? — A: Operating system, compiler, assembler
Q: Ubuntu, Mint, Fedora are versions of what? — A: Linux operating system
Q: What are Emulators? — A: Emulators are software that imitate another system or device
Q: Which operating system is developed by Microsoft? — A: Windows
Q: Which operating system is open source? — A: Linux
Q: Which operating system is used in Apple computers? — A: macOS
Q: Which operating system is used in smartphones? — A: Android, iOS
Q: Which operating system is based on Linux? — A: Android
Q: Which operating system is developed by Apple for iPhones? — A: iOS