The Following Reading were taken with a tacheometer on to a vertical

staff, Calculate tacheometric constant.

Horizontal Bottom Stadia Central stadia Top stadia hair
Distance (m) hair reading (m) hair reading (m) reading (m)
45 0.885 1.110 1.335
60 1.860 2.160 2.460

k = 100 ; C = 0

1
The stadia reading with horizontal sight at a vertical staff held 50 m away
from the tacheometer were 1.385, 1.880 and 2.380 m. the focal length of
the object glass was 25cm. The distance between the object glass and
trunnion axis of a tacheometer was 15 cm. Calculate the stadia interval.

i = 0.005 m = 5 mm

2
A tacheometer was setup at a station O and the readings on a vertically held staff at B were
2.255, 2.605 and 2.955, the line of sight being at an inclination of +8⁰24′. Another observation
on the vertically held staff at BM gave the readings 1.640, 1.920 and 2.200, the line of sight on
the horizontal. Height of the instrument from the ground level is 1.081 m. Calculate the
horizontal distance between O and B and the elevation of B if the RL of BM is 418.685 m. The
constants of the instruments were 100 and 0.3.
D = 68.8 m; RL of B = 428.160 m

2.955 m
2.605 m
2.255 m

B
2.200 m
1.920 m
8⁰24′
1.640 m
1.081 m
O
RL = 418.685 m
BM 3
In the previous example, if the angle between the line of sight and the
horizontal for readings taken on BM is 1⁰6′, find the horizontal distance
between O and B and elevation of B.

D = 68.8 m; RL of B = 429.241 m

2.955 m
2.605 m
2.255 m

B
8⁰24′
2.200 m 1⁰6′
1.920 m
1.640 m
1.081 m
O
RL = 418.685 m
BM 4
 The elevation of a point P is to be determined by observations from two adjacent stations of
tacheometric survey. The staff is held normal to the line of sight, and the instrument is fitted
within an anallactic lens, the constant of the instrument being 100. Compute the elevation of
the point P from the following data. Also calculate the distance of A and B from P.
Instrument Height of Staff Vertical angle Staff Reading (m) RL of station (m)
Station axis (m) Point
A 1.420 P +2⁰24′ 1.230,2.055, 2.880 77.750
B 1.400 P -3⁰36′ 0.785, 1.800, 2.815 97.135

-3⁰36′

BRL = 97.135 m

+2⁰24′
P Distance of A from P, D = 164.94 m
Distance of B from P, D = 202.486 m
Elevation of P = 84.010 m
A RL = 77.750 m 5
The Following Reading were taken with a tacheometer on to a
vertical staff, Calculate tacheometric constant.
Horizontal Bottom Stadia Central stadia Top stadia hair
Distance (m) hair reading (m) hair reading (m) reading (m)
150 1.255 2.005 2.750
200 1.000 2.000 3.000
250 0.750 2.100 3.255

k = 99.0 ; C = 2 m

6
 A tacheometer was set up at station C and the following readings were obtained on a staff
vertically held. Calculate the horizontal distance between C and D and RL of D, when the
constants of instrument are 100 and 0.15
Instrument Staff Vertical angle Staff Reading (m) Remark
Station Station
C BM -5⁰20′ 1.500, 1.800, 2.450 RL of BM = 750.50 m
C D +8⁰12′ 0.750, 1.500, 2.250
2.250 m
1.500 m
0.750 m
r2
D V2
V1 8⁰12′
2.450 m 5⁰20′
1.800 m
1.500 m
r1 C Distance CD = 147.097 m
RL = 750.50 m RL of D = 784.042 m
BM 7
Two sets of tacheometric readings were taken from an instrument station A,
the reduced level of which was 100.060 m to a staff station B.
a. Instrument P – k= 100; C = 0.06; staff held normal to line of sight
b. Instrument Q – k=90; C = 0.06; staff held vertical
What should be stadia readings with instrument Q?
Instrument At To Height of instrument (m) Vertical angle Stadia readings (m)
P A B 1.450 +26⁰ 0.755, 1.005, 1.255
Q A B 1.500 +26⁰ ?
The stadia hair readings are 0.800m, 0.490 m and 0.180 m

8
Determine the gradient from a point A to a point B from the following
observations made with a tacheometer fitted with an anallactic lens. The
staff is held vertically.

Instrument Staff Point Bearing Vertical Angle Staff reading (m)

Station
P A 135⁰ +10⁰32′ 1.360, 1.915, 2.470
P B 220⁰ +6⁰6′ 1.065, 1.885, 2.705

Gradient from A to B = 1 in 71.99 (falling)

Gradient from B to A = 1 in 71.99 (rising)

9
The micrometer readings of a subtense theodolite are 3.455 and
3.405. The distance between the targets is 3 m. The constants of the
instrument are 600 and 0.5m. Calculate the distance between the
instrument and the staff.

D = 262.890 m

10
The horizontal angle subtended at a theodolite by a subtense bar with
vanes 3 m apart is 12′33′′. Calculate the horizontal distance between the
instrument and the bar. Find:
a) The error of horizontal distance if the bar was 3⁰ from being normal to
the line joining the instrument and bar stations.
b) the error of the horizontal distance if there is an error of 1′′ in the
measurement of the horizontal angle at the instrument station.

D= 821.770 m
(a) Error = 1.13 m
(b) 𝛿𝐷 = 1.09. 𝑚
11
The vertical angles to vanes fixed at 1.5 m and 3.5 m above the foot of the
staff held vertically at station A were +2⁰30′ and +5⁰48′ respectively. Find
the horizontal distance and the reduced level of A if the height of the
instrument, determined from observation on to a BM is 438.556 m above
datum.
D = 34.53 𝑚 m; RL of A = 438.564 m
3.5 m
S= 2 m
1.5 m r = 1.5 m

Θ2=+5⁰48′
Θ1= +2⁰30′
RL = 438.556 m

12
An observation with a percentage theodolite gave staff readings of 1.052 and 2.502
for angles of elevation of 5% and 6% respectively. On sighting the graduation
corresponding to the height of the instrument axis above the ground, the vertical
angle was 5.25%. Compute the horizontal distance and the elevation of the staff
station if the instrument station has an elevation of 942.552 m.
D = 145.000 𝑚 m; RL of Q = 950.164 m
2.502 m
S= 1.45 m
h
1.052 m
r = 1.052 m

tan θ2 = 6% = 0.06 tan θ3 = 5.25%

tan θ1 = 5% = 0.05 = 0.0525

RL = 942.552 m
13