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Strabismus Notes

Strabismus is the misalignment of visual axes in the eyes, classified into pseudostrabismus, heterophoria, and heterotropia. Heterophoria is a latent deviation, while concomitant squint shows the same deviation in all gazes, and incomitant (paralytic) squint has variable deviation with diplopia. Evaluation includes tests like the cover test, and treatment options range from glasses to surgery.

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3 views2 pages

Strabismus Notes

Strabismus is the misalignment of visual axes in the eyes, classified into pseudostrabismus, heterophoria, and heterotropia. Heterophoria is a latent deviation, while concomitant squint shows the same deviation in all gazes, and incomitant (paralytic) squint has variable deviation with diplopia. Evaluation includes tests like the cover test, and treatment options range from glasses to surgery.

Uploaded by

mksaini20018
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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STRABISMUS – SIMPLIFIED NOTES

1. Definition:

Misalignment of visual axes of two eyes.

2. Classification:

- Pseudostrabismus

- Heterophoria (latent)

- Heterotropia (manifest)

3. Heterophoria:

Latent deviation controlled by fusion.

Types: Esophoria, Exophoria, Hyperphoria, Cyclophoria

4. Concomitant Squint:

- Same deviation in all gazes

- No movement restriction

Types: Esotropia, Exotropia, Vertical

5. Incomitant (Paralytic):

- Deviation varies

- Diplopia present

- Restricted movement

6. Evaluation:

- History, vision, refraction

- Cover test (important)

- Hirschberg test

- Prism cover test

7. Treatment:

- Glasses

- Amblyopia therapy

- Orthoptic exercises

- Surgery

8. Key Differences:

Concomitant → no diplopia

Paralytic → diplopia present


LAST REVISION:

Strabismus = misalignment

Concomitant = constant

Paralytic = variable + diplopia

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