Solution

CHAPTER TEST
Class 10 - Mathematics
Section A

1. Class intervals Frequency (f) Cumulative frequency (cf/F)

0-100 2 2
100-200 5 7
200-300 x 7+x
300-400 12 19 + x
400-500 17 36 + x
500-600 20 56 + x
600-700 y 56 + x + y
700-800 9 65 + x + y
800-900 7 72 + x + y
900-1000 4 76 + x + y
Total = 76 + x + y
We have,
N = Σf = 100
i

⇒ 76 + x + y = 100

⇒ x + y = 24

It is given that the median is 525. Clearly, it lies in the class 500 - 600
∴ l = 500, h = 100, f = 20, F = 36 + x and N = 100

N
−F

Now, Median = l + 2

f
× h

525 = 500 + 100

50−(36+x)
⇒ ×
20

⇒ 525 - 500 = (14 - x)5

⇒ 25 = 70 - 5x
⇒ 5x = 45
⇒ x=9
Putting x = 9 in x + y = 24, we get y = 15
Hence, x = 9 and y = 15
2. We have,
Class Intervals Frequency (f) C.F
Below 140 4 4
140-145 7 11
145-150 18 29
 Class Intervals Frequency (f) C.F
150-155 11 40
155-160 6 46
160-165 5 51
N = ∑ f = 51

Here, N
=
2
= 25.5 which is in the class 145-150
51

Here, l1 = 145, h = 5, N = 51, C = 11, F = 18

N
−C
∴ Median = l 1
+
2

f
× h

25.5−11
= 145 + × 5
18

72.5
= 145 + ⇒ 149.03
18

∴ Median height of the girls = 149.03

3. Since the maximum number of students (i.e., 7) have got marks in the interval 40 - 55, the
modal class is 40 - 55
Therefore, the lower limit (l) of the modal class = 40
the class size ( h) = 15
the frequency (f1) of modal class = 7
the frequency ( f0) of the class preceding the modal class = 3
the frequency ( f2) of the class succeeding in the modal class = 6
Now, using the formula:
Mode = l + (
f −f
1 0
) × h
2f −f −f
1 0 2

we get Mode = 40 + (
7−3
) × 15 = 52
14−6−3

So, the mode mark is 52

Now x̄ =
∑ f xi
i

∑ fi

1860.0
x̄ = = 62
30

So, the maximum number of students obtained 52 marks, while on average a student
obtained 62 marks.
4. The frequency distribution table is given as:
Family size(xi) 1-3 3-5 5-7 7-9 9-11
No. of families(fi) f0 = 7 f1 = 8 f2 = 2 2 1
From the given frequency table, the maximum class frequency is 8, and the class
corresponding to this frequency is 3 – 5. So, the modal class is 3 - 5.
Now modal class = 3 - 5, lower limit (l) of modal class = 3, class size (h) = 2
frequency (f1) of the modal class = 8,
frequency (f0) of class preceding the modal class = 7
frequency (f2) of class succeeding the modal class = 2
Now, let us substitute these values in the formula :
 f1 −f0
Mode = l + ( ) × h
2f1 −f0 −f2

8−7 2
= 3 + ( ) × 2 = 3 + = 3.286
2×8−7−2 7

Therefore, the mode of the data above is 3.286

5. Take a = 70, h = 10
ui
Literacy rate (in %) Number of cities (fi) Class mark (xi) di = xi –70 xi −70 f i ui
=
10

45-55 3 50 –20 –2 –6
55-65 10 60 –10 –1 –10
65-75 11 70 0 0 0
75-85 8 80 10 1 8
85-95 3 90 20 2 6
Total ∑ fi = 35 ∑ fiui = -2
sing the step-deviation method,
=a+( h = 70 +( 10
∑ fi ui −2
¯¯
x̄ )× )×
∑ f 35
i

= 70 - = 70 - 0.57 = 69.43%
4

Hence, the mean literacy rate is 69.43%

Number of days Number of students (fi) Class mark (xi) f ixi
6.
0-6 11 3 33
6-10 10 8 80
10-14 7 12 84
14-20 4 17 68
20-28 4 24 96
28-38 3 33 99
38-40 1 39 39
Total ∑ fi = 40 ∑ fixi = 499
Using the direct method,
= 12.475
∑ f xi
¯¯
¯ i 499
x = =
∑ fi 40

Hence, the mean number of days a student was absent is 12.48

7. Number of plants Number of houses(fi) Class mark (xi) f i xi

0-2 1 1 1
2-4 2 3 6
4-6 1 5 5
6-8 5 7 35
8-10 6 9 54
 10-12 2 11 22
12-14 3 13 39
Total ∑ fi = 20 ∑ fi xi = 162

∑ fi xi

¯¯
∴ x̄ = ... Using direct method because numerical values of xi and fi are small
∑ fi

= 162

20

= 8.1 plants
We have used direct method for finding the mean because numerical values of xi and fi are
small.
8. Here, the maximum class frequency is 20, and the class corresponding to this frequency is
40-50. So, the modal class is 40-50.
Therefore h = 10, l = 40, f1 = 20, f0 = 12 , f2 = 11
Mode = l + [ h = 40 + [ 10
f1 −f0 20−12
]× ]×
2f1 − f0 −f2 2(20)− 12−11

= 40 + 80

17
= 40 + 4.7 = 44.7
Hence the mode of the data is 44.7 cars.
9. Since the maximum number of batsman have their runs scored in the interval 4000-5000,
the modal class is 4000-5000.
Therefore, l = 4000, h = 1000, f1 =18, f0= 4, f2=
Mode = l +[ h = 4000 + [ 1000
f 1 −f 0 18−4
]× ]×
2f 1− f 0−f 2 2(18)− 4−9

= 4000 + 14000

23
= 4000 + 608.7 = 4608.7
Hence, the mode of the data is 4608.7
Weight Cumulative
Number of students
10. (in kg) frequency
40-45 2 2
45-50 3 5
50-55 8 13
55-60 6 19
60-65 6 25
65-70 3 28
70-75 2 30
Now, n = 30
So, = n

2
= 15
30

This observation lies in the class 55-60,

So, 55-60 is the median class.
Therefore,
l = 55
 h=5
f=6
cf = 13
n
−cf

∴ Median = l + ( 2

f
) × h = 55 + (
15−13

6
) × 5

10 5
= 55 + = 55 +
6 3

= 55 + 1.67 = 56.67
Hence, the median weight of the students is 56.67 kg.
11. We shall first convert the given data to continuous classes. Then, the data become
Length (in mm) Number of leaves Cumulative frequency
117.5-126.5 3 3
126.5-135.5 5 8
135.5-144.5 9 17
144.5-153.5 12 29
153.5-162.5 5 34
162.5-171.5 4 38
171.5-180.5 2 40
Now, n = 40
So, =n

2
= 20 40

This observation lies in the class 144.5 - 153.5.

So, 144.5 - 153.5 is the median class.
Therefore,
l = 144.5
h=9
cf = 17
f = 12
n
−cf
∴ Median = l + ( 2

f
)× h = 144.5 + ( 20−17

12
)× 9

= 144.5 + 2.25 = 146.75 mm

Hence, the median length of the leaves is 146.75 mm
Section B
12. Surface area to colour = surface area of hemisphere + curved surface area of cone
Diameter of hemisphere = 3.5 cm
So radius of hemispherical portion of the lattu = r = 3.5

2
cm = 1.75
r = Radius of the concial portion = = 1.75 3.5

Height of the conical portion = height of top - radius of hemisphere = 5 - 1.75 = 3.25 cm
Let I be the slant height of the conical part. Then,
2 2 2
l = h + r
 2 2 2
l = (3.25) + (1.75)

2
⇒ l = 10.5625 + 3.0625

2
⇒ l = 13.625
−−−−−
⇒ l = √13.625

⇒ l = 3.69

Let S be the total surface area of the top. Then,

2
S = 2πr + πrl

⇒ S = πr(2r + l)

22
⇒ S = × 1.75(2 × 1.75 + 3.7)
7

= 5.5(3.5 + 3.7)

= 5.5(7.2)

2
= 39.6 cm

13. Let S be the total surface area of the decorative block. Then,
S = Total surface area of the cube - Base area of hemisphere + Curved surface area of
hemisphere

2 2 2
⇒ S = (6 × 5 × 5 − πr + 2πr ) cm

2 2
⇒ S = (150 + πr ) cm

22 2 2
⇒ S = {150 + × (2.1) } cm
7

2
⇒ S = {150 + 22 × 0.3 × 2.1}cm

⇒ S = (150 + 13.86) cm2 = 163.86 cm2

14. Let radius, slant height and height of cone be r, l and h respectively and radius and height
of cylinder be r1 and h1 respectively.
r = 2.5 cm, h = 6 cm, r1 = 1.5 cm and h1 = 26 - 6 = 20 cm
−−− −− −−−−
−−
2
−−−−
2 2 2
∴ l = √r + h = √(2.5) + 6

−−−−−−− − −−−−
= √6.25 + 36 = √42.25

= 6.5cm

Here, the conical portion has its circular base resting on the base of the cylinder, but the
base of the cone is larger than the base of the cylinder. So, a part of the base of the cone
(a ring) is to be painted.
So, the area to be painted orange = Curved surface area of the cone + Base area of the
cone - Base area of the cylinder
2 2
= πrl + πr − πr1
 2 2
= π {rl + r − r }
1

2 2
= π {2.5 × 6.5 + (2.5) − (1.5) }

= 3.14(16.25 + 6.25 − 2.25) = 3.14 × 20.25

2
= 63.585cm

Now, the area to be painted yellow = Curved surface area of the cylinder + Area of the
base of the cylinder
2
= 2πr1 h1 + πr
1

= πr1 (2h1 + r1 )

= 3.14 × 1.5(2 × 20 + 1.5)

= 3.14 × 1.5 × 41.5 = 4.71 × 41.5

2
= 195.465cm

15. Let h be height of the cylinder, and r the common radius of the cylinder and hemisphere.
Then, the total surface area of the bird-bath = CSA of cylinder + CSA of hemisphere
2
= 2πrh + 2πr = 2πr(h + r)

22 2
= 2 × × 30(145 + 30)cm
7

= 33000 cm2 = 3.3 m2

16. According to the question, A solid toy is in the form of a hemisphere surmounted by a right
circular cone. The height of the cone is 2 cm and the diameter of the base is 4 cm.
Let BPC is a hemisphere and ABC is a cone.
Radius of hemisphere = Radius of cone
4
= = 2cm
2

h = Height of cone = 2 cm
Volume of toy = 2

3
πr
3
+
1

3
2
πr h

1 2 1
= πr (2r + h) = × 3.14 × 2 × 2(2 × 2 + 2)
3 3

1
= × 3.14 × 4 × 6
3

= 25.12cm
3
...(i)
Let right circular cylinder EFGH circumscribe the given solid toy.
Radius of cylinder = 2 cm,
Height of cylinder = 4 cm
Volume of right circular cylinder = πr 2
h

= 3.14 × (2)
2
× 4cm
3
...(iii)
3
= 50.24cm

∴ Difference of two volume = Volume of cylinder - Volume of toy

= 50.24 - 25.12
=25.12 cm3
17. We have, Inner diameter of the glass, d = 5 cm, Height of the glass = 10 cm
i. The apparent capacity of the glass = Volume of cylinder
= πr 2
h
 2
= 3.14 × ( 5

2
) × 10

25 3
= 3.14 × × 10 = 196.25 cm
4

ii. The actual capacity of glass = Apparent capacity of glass - Volume of hemispherical part
of the glass
3
The volume of hemispherical part = 2

3
2
πr h = 2

3
× 3.14 × (
5

2
)
3
= 32.71 cm

Actual capacity of glass = 196.25 - 32.71 = 163.54 cm3

18.

Radius of the hemisphere = 5

2
mm
Let radius = r = 2.5 mm
Cylindrical height = Total height - Diameter of sphere = h = 14 - (2.5 + 2.5) = 9 mm
Surface area of the capsule = Curved surface area of cylinder + Surface area of the
hemisphere
= 2π rh + 2(2πr2)
2
= 2 × π × × 9 + 2 × 2π × ( )
5

2
5

= 45 π + 25 π
= 70π = 70 × = 220 mm 2
22

19. For conical portion, r = 2m and l = 2.8 m. Let S1 the curved surface area of conical portion.
Then,

2 2
S1 = πrl = π × 2 × 2.8m = 5.6πm

For cylindrical portion, we have r = 2m ,h = 2.1m

Let S2 be the curved surface area of cylindrical portion. Then
2
S2 = 2πrh = 2π × 2 × 2.1m = 8.4πm

Let S be the area of the canvas used. Then,

S = S1 + S2 = (5.6π + 8.4π)m 2
= 14 ×
22

7
2
m = 44m
2

Total cost of the canvas at the rate of Rs 500 per m2 = Rs (500 × 44) = Rs 22000

20.

2
TSA of the article = 2πrh + 2(2πr )
= 2π (3.5)(10) + 2[2π (3.5)2]
 = 70π + 49π
= 119 π
= 119 × 22

= 374 cm 2

21.

Amount of water it holds = 4

3
3
πr + πr h
2

3 2
4 8.5 2
= π( ) + π( ) × 8
3 2 2

4
= × 3.14 × 4.25 × 4.25 × 4.25 + 8 × 3.14
3

= 321.39 + 25.12
= 346.51 cm3
Hence, she is correct. The correct volume is 346.51 cm3.
22. Depth (h) of each conical depression = 1.4 cm
Radius (r) of each conical depression = 0.5 cm
Volume of wood = Volume of cuboid - 4 × Volume of cones
= lbh – 4 × 1

3
πr h
2

= 15 × 10 × 3.5 – 4 × 1.4
2
1 22 1
× × ( ) ×
3 7 2

= 525 – 1.47
= 523.53 cm3
Hence, the volume of wood in the entire stand = 523.53 cm3
23. Volume of a gulab jamun

2 3 2 2 3
= π(1.4) + π(1.4) (2.2) + π(1.4)
3 3

4 3 2
= π(1.4) + π(1.4) (2.2)
3

2 4×1.4
= π(1.4) [ + 2.2]
3

5.6+6.6
= π(1.96) [ ]
3

π(1.96)(12.2)
3
= cm
3

∴ Volume of 45 gulab jamuns

 π(1.96)(12.2)
= 45 ×
3

= 15π(1.96 × 12.2)

22
= 15 × × 1.96 × 12.2
7

= 15 × 22 × 2.8 × 12.2

= 1127.28 cm3
∴ Volume of syrup

30
= 1127.28 ×
100

= 338.184 cm3
= 338 cm3 (approx.)