Numpy Python Cheetsheet
Array Creation Functions
Function Syntax Example Description
create array from
array [Link](object) [Link]([1,2,3])
list
convert input to
asarray [Link](a) [Link]([1,2])
array
asanyarray [Link](a) [Link]([1,2]) preserve subclass
copy [Link](a) [Link](arr) duplicate array
fromiter [Link](iter,dtype) [Link](range(5),int) array from iterator
[Link](lambda generate using
fromfunction [Link](func,shape)
i:i,(5,)) function
frombuffer [Link](buffer) [Link](b'123') array from buffer
fromfile [Link](file) [Link]('[Link]') read array from file
fromstring [Link](str) [Link]("1 2 3",sep=' ') parse numbers
Range Generation
Function Syntax Example Description
arange [Link](start,stop,step) [Link](0,10,2) evenly spaced numbers
linspace [Link](start,stop,num) [Link](0,1,5) evenly spaced intervals
logspace [Link](start,stop,num) [Link](1,3,5) logarithmic spacing
geomspace [Link](start,stop,num) [Link](1,1000,4) geometric progression
Array Initialization
Function Syntax Example Description
zeros [Link](shape) [Link]((2,3)) array of zeros
ones [Link](shape) [Link]((2,3)) array of ones
empty [Link](shape) [Link]((2,3)) uninitialized array
full [Link](shape,val) [Link]((2,2),7) fill constant value
zeros_like np.zeros_like(a) np.zeros_like(arr) zero array like input
ones_like np.ones_like(a) np.ones_like(arr) ones like input
full_like np.full_like(a,val) np.full_like(arr,9) filled like input
Matrix / Identity Creation
Function Syntax Example Description
eye [Link](n) [Link](3) identity matrix
identity [Link](n) [Link](4) square identity
diag [Link](v) [Link]([1,2,3]) create diagonal
diagflat [Link](v) [Link]([[1,2],[3,4]]) flatten diagonal
tri [Link](n) [Link](3) lower triangle matrix
triu [Link](a) [Link](arr) upper triangle
tril [Link](a) [Link](arr) lower triangle
Array Reshaping
Function Syntax Example Description
reshape [Link](a,shape) [Link](a,(2,3)) change array shape
Function Syntax Example Description
ravel [Link](a) [Link](arr) flatten view
flatten [Link]() [Link]() flatten copy
transpose [Link](a) [Link](arr) swap axes
swapaxes [Link](a,x,y) [Link](arr,0,1) swap axes
moveaxis [Link](a,src,dst) [Link](arr,0,1) move axis
squeeze [Link](a) [Link](arr) remove singleton dims
expand_dims np.expand_dims(a,axis) np.expand_dims(arr,0) add new axis
Joining Arrays
Function Syntax Example Description
concatenate [Link]((a,b)) [Link]((a,b)) join arrays
stack [Link]((a,b)) [Link]((a,b)) stack new axis
vstack [Link]((a,b)) [Link]((a,b)) vertical stack
hstack [Link]((a,b)) [Link]((a,b)) horizontal stack
dstack [Link]((a,b)) [Link]((a,b)) depth stack
column_stack np.column_stack((a,b)) np.column_stack((a,b)) stack columns
row_stack np.row_stack((a,b)) np.row_stack((a,b)) stack rows
Splitting Arrays
Function Syntax Example Description
split [Link](a,n) [Link](arr,2) split equal parts
array_split np.array_split(a,n) np.array_split(arr,3) split unequal
Function Syntax Example Description
hsplit [Link](a,n) [Link](arr,2) horizontal split
vsplit [Link](a,n) [Link](arr,2) vertical split
dsplit [Link](a,n) [Link](arr,2) depth split
Mathematical Operations
Function Syntax Example Description
add [Link](a,b) [Link]([1,2],[3,4]) element addition
subtract [Link](a,b) [Link](5,3) subtraction
multiply [Link](a,b) [Link](2,3) multiplication
divide [Link](a,b) [Link](6,2) division
power [Link](a,b) [Link](2,3) exponent
mod [Link](a,b) [Link](7,3) remainder
Statistical Functions
Function Syntax Example Description
mean [Link](a) [Link]([1,2,3]) average value
median [Link](a) [Link]([1,2,3]) middle value
std [Link](a) [Link]([1,2,3]) standard deviation
var [Link](a) [Link]([1,2,3]) variance
min [Link](a) [Link](arr) smallest value
max [Link](a) [Link](arr) largest value
argmin [Link](a) [Link](arr) index minimum
Function Syntax Example Description
argmax [Link](a) [Link](arr) index maximum
Linear Algebra
Function Syntax Example Description
dot [Link](a,b) [Link]([1,2],[3,4]) dot product
matmul [Link](a,b) [Link](A,B) matrix multiplication
outer [Link](a,b) [Link]([1,2],[3,4]) outer product
linalg module
Function Syntax Example Description
inv [Link](A) [Link](A) matrix inverse
det [Link](A) [Link](A) determinant
solve [Link](A,b) [Link](A,b) solve equations
eig [Link](A) [Link](A) eigenvalues
norm [Link](a) [Link](a) vector magnitude
Random Functions
Function Syntax Example Description
rand [Link](n) [Link](3) uniform random
randn [Link](n) [Link](3) normal random
randint [Link](a,b) [Link](1,10) random integer
choice [Link](a) [Link]([1,2,3]) random pick
Function Syntax Example Description
shuffle [Link](a) [Link](arr) shuffle array
File I/O
Function Syntax Example Description
save [Link](file,arr) [Link]('data',arr) save binary array
load [Link](file) [Link]('[Link]') load array
savetxt [Link](file,arr) [Link]('[Link]',arr) save text
loadtxt [Link](file) [Link]('[Link]') load text
genfromtxt [Link](file) [Link]('[Link]') load with missing
Utility Functions
Function Syntax Example Description
clip [Link](a,min,max) [Link](arr,0,5) limit value range
abs [Link](x) [Link](-5) absolute value
sqrt [Link](x) [Link](16) square root
square [Link](x) [Link](3) square value
difference between
diff [Link](a) [Link]([1,2,4])
elements
gradient [Link](a) [Link](arr) numerical gradient
meshgrid [Link](x,y) [Link]([1,2],[3,4]) coordinate grid
histogram [Link](a) [Link](arr) histogram counts