Validation Process
Validation is a documented process that proves a system, method, or process consistently
produces results meeting predetermined specifications and quality standards.
It is especially important in industries following Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and
Good Laboratory Practices (GLP) such as pharmaceuticals, food, and chemicals.
Definition (According to World Health Organization)
Validation is the act of proving that any procedure, process, equipment, material, activity, or
system actually leads to the expected results.
Types of Validation
1. Process Validation
Ensures manufacturing process consistently produces quality product.
2. Analytical Method Validation
Confirms that an analytical method is suitable for its intended purpose.
3. Equipment Validation
Ensures equipment works correctly and reliably.
4. Cleaning Validation
Ensures cleaning procedures remove residues effectively.
5. Computer System Validation (CSV)
Ensures software systems function correctly and securely.
Stages of Validation Qualification Stage
DQ (Design Qualification)
Verifies design meets requirements.
IQ (Installation Qualification)
Verifies equipment is installed properly.
OQ (Operational Qualification)
Verifies equipment operates as intended.
PQ (Performance Qualification)
Verifies consistent performance under actual conditions.
Process Validation Stages
1. Process Design
2. Process Qualification
3. Continued Process Verification(As per guidelines by U.S. Food and Drug
Administration)
Steps in Validation Process
1. Prepare Validation Master Plan (VMP)
2. Develop validation protocol
3. Perform validation study
4. Record observations & data
5. Prepare validation report
6. Approval & documentation
7. Periodic review/revalidation
Importance of Validation
Ensures product quality and safety
Reduces batch failure
Meets regulatory requirements
Improves consistency
Builds customer confidence
A validation protocol should include objective, scope, reason, revalidation criteria,
responsibilities, reference documents, procedure, and reports