AMUL SIR'S PRIVATE COACHING

CLASSES

Std.: 10 (English) Science - II Marks: 1487

Date: 08-02-26 Challenging questions of science2 Time: 3

Chapter:

Q.1 Rewrite the following wrong statements after corrections. 4

1 Changes in genes of the cells are brought about in non-genetic technique.

Ans Changes in the genes of the cells are brought about in biotechnology (genetic technique).

2 Write any one example of natural disasters.

Ans Earthquake, Drought, Flood, Volcano

3 Gene from Bacillus thuringiensis is introduced into soyabean.

Ans Gene from Bacillus thuringiensis is introduced into brinjal.

4 An effect of disaster on economic leadership is that if local leadership is not strong enough, citizens get
confused.

Ans Corrected statement:

An effect of disaster on social leadership is that if local leadership is not strong enough, citizens become
confused.

5 Changes in genes of the cells are brought about in non-genetic technique.

Ans Changes in the genes of the cells are brought about in biotechnology (genetic technique).

6 Write any one example of natural disasters.

Ans Earthquake, Drought, Flood, Volcano

7 Gene from Bacillus thuringiensis is introduced into soyabean.

Ans Gene from Bacillus thuringiensis is introduced into brinjal.

8 An effect of disaster on economic leadership is that if local leadership is not strong enough, citizens get
confused.

Ans Corrected statement:

An effect of disaster on social leadership is that if local leadership is not strong enough, citizens become
confused.

Q.2 Answer in one sentence. 5

1 Name the following :
Yeast used in obtaining ethanol from Starch

Ans Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2 Identify the phylum:

I have numerous pores on our body and body is supported by spicules.

Ans Porifera

3 Match the column.

 Group 'A' Group 'B'

Asiatic lions (a) Sunderban sanctuary

(b) Western ghats

(c) Eastern plain

Ans Asiatic lions (b) Western ghats

4 Write the names of two chronic diseases.

Ans AIDS and T.B. are two chronic diseases.

5 State whether the following statement is true or false.

The Power available from the solar cells is AC in nature.

Ans False

6 Name the following :

Yeast used in obtaining ethanol from Starch

Ans Saccharomyces cerevisiae

7 Identify the phylum:

I have numerous pores on our body and body is supported by spicules.

Ans Porifera

8 Match the column.

Group 'A' Group 'B'

Asiatic lions (a) Sunderban sanctuary

(b) Western ghats

(c) Eastern plain

Ans Asiatic lions (b) Western ghats

9 Write the names of two chronic diseases.

Ans AIDS and T.B. are two chronic diseases.

10 State whether the following statement is true or false.

The Power available from the solar cells is AC in nature.

Ans False

Q.3 Draw neat labelled diagrams. 2

1 Draw a schematic diagram of solar thermal electric energy generation.

Ans
 Schematic diagram of solar thermal electric energy generation.

2 Draw a schematic diagram of solar thermal electric energy generation.

Ans

Schematic diagram of solar thermal electric energy generation.

Q.4 Textbook activity question. 63

1 Are our wisdom teeth really useful for chewing the food?

Ans No, we do not use our wisdom teeth for chewing the food, because it is a vestigial structure in human body.

2 Which different functions are performed by muscles in body?

Ans Muscles are mainly responsible for the movements of // in the human body :
There are three main types of muscles :
a. Striated ( Voluntary ) muscles :
These muscles are attached to the bones ( hence also called as skeletal muscles ) and bring about
movement of arms, legs.
b. Non-Striated ( Involunary ) muslces:
These muscles bring about movement of eyelids, passage of food through alimentary canal, contracton and
relaxation of blood vessels.
c. Cardiac muscles :
Cardiac muscles bring about contraction and relaxation of the heart.
3 How Electric energy is produced ?

Ans Electric energy is produced in the generators. By using the principle of electromagnetic induction, the
magnetic field around conducting wires is changed and this creates the potential difference. This results in the
formation of electric energy.

4 What do we mean by maintenance of species?

Ans i. The process of reproduction helps to increase the number of organisms of a species by which the species
can prevent itself from being extinct .
ii. This is called as maintenance of species.
5 What would have been happened if the male and female gametes had been diploid?
Ans If the male and female gamete were diploid then the number of chromosomes in each generation would have
continued to double and this would result in an increasing number of chromosomes.
The number of chromosomes in a particular species should remain a constant generation after generation.

6 We sweat during summer and heavy exercise.

Ans i. Human beings are warm-blooded. We need to maintain a constant body temperature irrespective of the
surrounding conditions.
ii. In summer and during heavy exercise, lot of heat is generated which raises our body temperature.
iii. Sweating leads to loss of excess body heat and brings down the body temperature to normal.
iv. Therefore, we sweat during summer and heavy exercise.
7 Animals like ghariyal & crocodile live in water as well as on land. Are they amphibians or reptiles?

Ans i. Animals like gharial and crocodile live in water as well as on land, yet they cannot be considered as
amphibians, because their characteristic features are similar to reptiles.
ii. They have dry skin covered with scales, whereas the skin of amphibians is moist and without scales.
iii. These animals lay eggs on land, whereas amphibians lay eggs in water.
iv. Gharial and crocodiles have digits provided with claws and neck is present between head and trunk,
whereas in amphibians digits are not provided with claws and neck is absent.
v. Like other reptiles, they creep on land, as their body cannot be lifted up. Therefore, from the above
characteristics we can say that gharial and crocodiles are reptiles and not amphibians
8 Why steam is used to rotate the turbine?

Ans When water is heated, it converts into steam. This steam in under high pressure and temperature. This force
of steam rotates the terbines. The same steam is again condensed and converted back into water. The
excess heat in turbine again makes this water turn into steam. In this way turbine rotates very effetively due to
steam, hence, steam is used to rotate the turbine.

9 What would have been happened if any of the cells in nature had not been divided by meiosis?

Ans Meiosis is necessary for sexual reproduction and for increasing genetic diversity. If any of the cells in nature
had not been divided by meiosis then all sexually reproducing animals would have no offspring. Only
asexually reproducing animal could have survived on his Earth. This would lead to the extinction of the
advanced diploid species.

10 How the new individual of a species is formed from existing one of same species?

Ans i. New individual of a species is formed from the existing one of the same species by the process of
reproduction.
[Link] involves cell division-mitosis and meiosis.
11 Whether the new organism is genetically exactly similar to earlier one that has produced it?

Ans No. The new organism produced from the old one is not genetically exactly similar to the parents. In meiotic
cell division there is crossing over in the homologous chromosomes. This produces genetic
recombination. Thus the new organism is different from the earlier one. However, if the reproduction is of
asexual type, then the young one is exactly similar to the parents.

12 What types of benefit & harm occur to human from animals of phylum- Arthropoda?

Ans Benefits of Arthropoda.

i. Man eats prawns, lobsters, crabs which are highly proteinaceous and have minerals. It is really a nutritious
food. The business of rearing these is profitable.
ii. Honey bees produce honey and bee wax which have many advantages.
iii. Silk worms, lac insects supply useful products like silk and lac respectively.
iv. Many insects bring about pollination which helps in agricultural practices.
Disadvantages of Arthropoda.
i. Animals like scorpion, honey bee can bite humans which harms the body.
 ii. Insects like mosquito spread malaria, dengue. Bed bugs, lice are ectoparasites and cause various
disorders in human body.
13 Which cell organelle is necessary for complete oxidation of glucose?

Ans Mitochondria is necessary for complete oxidation of glucose.

14 What is the importance of balanced diet for body?

Ans A balanced diet supplies the nutrients your body needs to work effectively. Without balanced nutrition, your
body is more prone to disease, infection, fatigue, and low performance. Children who don't get enough
healthy foods may face growth and developmental problems, poor academic performance, and frequent
infections.

15 How many atoms of C, H and O are respectively present in a molecule of glucose?

Ans There are 6 atoms of C,12 atoms of H and 6 atoms of O present in a molecule of glucose (C6H12O6)

16 What is difference between food chain and food web?

Ans Food Chain Food Web

Linear feeding hierarchy, following a Graphical model following the interconnected path energy
single flow of energy takes in an ecosystem

Single unit Multiple interconnected pathways

Includes 4-6 trophic levels Multiple trophic levels

Predators only feed on one specific Predators feed on multiple consumers

consumer

17 Which cycles are operated in environment? What is their importance?

Ans i. Various cycles oprerated in the environment are nitrogen cycle, oxygen cycle, carbon cycle, water cycle,
etc.
ii. Environmental balance is maintained throuhgh continuous operation of various cycles.
18 Which component of the cellular nucleus of living organisms carries hereditary characters?

Ans The chromosomes carrying hereditary characters called genes are located in the nucleus of a living cell.

19 Which factors affect the environment? How?

Ans The environment is affected by biotic and abiotic factors such as temperature, pressure, humidity, and
organisms like human activity.

20 Why is earthworm called as friend of farmers?

Ans Earthworms are said to be always the friend of farmers. The reason is that earthworm increases the fertility of
soil by increasing the amount of air and water that gets into the soil, facilitating aeration and increasing
drainage.

21 What is the role of chromosomes in cell-division?

Ans As the genetic material passes from parents to child, the chromosomes are responsible for containing the
instruction that make the offspring unique while still carrying traits from their parents.

22 What is the importance of digestive juices in digestive system?

Ans i. Digestive juices create conditions requried for digestion of food.

ii. Digestive juices contain enzymes which break down different components of food like carbohydrates
proteins and fats, so that the essential nutrients are absorbed and properly utilized by the body.
23 What is included in environment?

Ans Environment includes many biotic,abiotic,natural and artificial factors.

24 Why has it been said that only insects directly compete with humans for food?

Ans The standing crop in the fields can be totally ruined by insects. The locust can damage the corps when they
attack in thousands at a time. The grains are also infested by variety of insects like ants, weevils , beetles ,
etc. Therefore , we can say that only insects compete with humans for food.

25 How does nuclear fission take place?

Ans i. In nuclear fission, the atom of a heavy element is bombarded by a neutron to form an unstable isotope.
ii. The unstable isotope further splits into two or more smaller nuclei releasing extra neutrons and energy.
iii. In nuclear fisson, huge amount of energy and heat is released.
26 Where do we use electrical energy in our day-to-day life?

Ans We use electric energy in various appliances such as bulbs and tubelights. Fans, iron, refrigerator, water
pumps, cellphone chargers, television sets, tape recorders and computers.

27 Which are different trophic levels in food chain?

Ans Level 1: Plants and algae make their own food and are called producers.
Level 2: Herbivores eat plants and are called primary consumers.
Level 3: Carnivores that eat herbivores are called secondary consumers.
Level 4: Carnivores that eat other carnivores are called tertiary consumers.

28 Which are the types of consumers? What are the criteria for their classification?

Ans a. The difference types of consumers are :

i. Primary consumers (Herbivores)
ii. Secondary consumers (Carnivores)
iii. Tertiary and / or apex consumers
iv. Omnivores (Mixed consumers)
b. The criteria for the classification of consumers are mode of nutrition, food requirements, etc.
29 How do butterflies contribute to environmental balance?

Ans i. Pollination is essential for plant reproduction and butterflies are effective pollinators.
ii. Butterflies also form a food source for predators like birds, reptiles, etc.
iii. These creatures are sensitive to changes in climate and pollution.
iv. They are indicators of a healthy environment and a healthy ecosystem.
30 In terms of Chemistry what happens actually when a molecule is oxidized?

Ans When an ionic chemical reaction occurs on a metal's surface while oxygen while oxygen is present, oxidation
of metal takes place. There is a movement of electrons from the metal to the oxygen molecules during this
process. The negative oxygen ions generated enter the metal & leads to the creation of an oxide surface.
Thus, oxidation is a form of metal corrosion.

31 What is ecosystem? Which are its different components?

Ans An ecosystem includes different communities of plants, animals and microbes together with their
physicochemical environments. It consists of two major components, biotic or living components and nonbiotic
or nonliving components. Biotic components include plants, animals, decomposers.

32 Many times, we experience dryness in mouth.

Ans Dry mouth is also known as xerostomia. It's a condition that happens when salivary glands in your mouth
don't produce enough saliva. It causes a parched, or dry, feeling in your mouth. It can also cause other
symptoms, such as a rough tongue, mouth sores, and cracked lips.
33 Whether the gametes are diploid or haploid? Why?

Ans The cells that give rise to gamtes are dipliod (2n). But by meisosis they give rise to gametes which are haploid
(n.) Two haploid gametes undergo fertillization and the zygote formed becomes once again diploid (2n).

34 What is the role of circulatory system in energy production?

Ans In the circulatory system, arteries carry oxygen rich blood from heart to the different parts of thebody. Along
with oxygen, this blood also contains energy- rich nutrients such as glucose, fatty acids which are used by
cells to produce energy.

35 Which type of cellular respiration performs complete oxidation of glucose?

Ans Complete oxidation of glucose occurs during aerobic respiration.

36 How the plants are classified?

Ans On the basis of the flowering and non flowering, the plants kingdom are divided into two sub- kingdom.
Cryptograms: They are non flowering plants. On the basis of their appearance they are divided into three
division thallophyta, bryophyte, and pteridophyta.

37 Which are main types of cell-division? What are the differences?

Ans i. 'mitosis ' and 'meiosis' are the two main types of cell division.
ii. Mitosis occurs in the somatic cells and stem cells of the body , whereas meiosis occurs in germ cells.
iii. In mitosis , the chromosome number remains the same and two daughter cells are obtained from one cell.
iv. In meiosis , chromosomes number is reduced to half and four daughter cells are obtained from one cell.
38 Which are the animals from phylum Arthropoda those have shortest & longest life span?

Ans The shortest life span : May fly - About 24 hours . The longest life span : Lobster (Homarus americanus ) -
About 100 years .

39 Animals like whale, walrus live in water (ocean). Whether they are included in pisces or mammalia?

Ans i. Whales and walrus are included in mammalia. They are aquatic mammals.
ii. They are walm blooded animals.
iii. They breath air and mothers feed their babies through mammary glands just like humans do.
iv. Fishes (Pisces) a re cold blooded animals and breathe through their gills and do not have mammary
glands.
40 Whether new cells are formed during healing of wound?

Ans Yes, the injured cells are restored by the formation of new cells.

41 What is energy pyramid?

Ans An energy pyramid is a visual tool that provides structure when quantifying the metabolic energy transfers
between different organisms, specifically across trophic levels in an ecological food chain.

42 Why is it said that pollution control is important?

Ans i. Natural environment consists of air, atmosphere, waater, land, living, organisms, etc.
ii. Continuous interactions occur between biotic and abiotic factors. Their interactions are very important.
iii. Environmental balance is maintained through continuous operation of various natural cycles like
biogeochemical cycles.
iv. When some natural factors of environment and some artificial polluted factors harm the environment, it
created imbalance between various factors of the environment and ultimately affects the existence of
biotic factors.
v. The main threat to the ecosystem is the pollution of materials present in it. sometimes it may damage the
ecosystem completely in the course of time.
vi. In environment management, we take the task of protecting, conserving and preserving the natural
components of the ecosystem.
 vii. If we control the pollution, then the environmental management activities will succeed and the purpose will
be served.
viii. If there is minimum pollution, then the nature cycles will continue without any disturbance and biodiversity
can be enriched.
43 Which types of chemical bonds are present between all these atoms?

Ans In glucose molecule, atomsof carbon, hydrogen and oxygen are held together by covalent bonds.

44 What are different types of Energy?

Ans i. Kinetic Energy.

ii. Potential Energy.
iii. Nuclear Energy.
iv. Chemical Energy.
v. Heat Energy.
vi. Light Energy.
vii. Sound Energy.
viii. Electrical Energy.
45 How are the various processes occurring in human body controlled? In how many ways?

Ans i. Various organ systems are continuously performing their functions in human body.
ii. Along with the various systems like digestive, respiratory, circulatory, excretory and control systems,
different external and internal organs are performing their functions independently but through a complete
co-ordination.
iii. This is controlled in two ways-Nervous control by nervous system and chemical control by the hormones
secreted by the endocrine glands.
46 What is Energy?

Ans Energy is the capacity for doing work. It may exist in potential, kinetic, thermal, helectrical, chemical, nuclear,
or other forms.

47 Which system is in action for removal of waste materials produced in human body?

Ans Excretory system is employed in discharging waste materials from the body.

48 What is respiration? How does it occur?

Ans i. The process of release of energy by oxidation of food is called as respiration.

ii. In living organisms, respiration occurs at two levels-body and cellular level.
iii. In case of body level, oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the body and surrounding.
iv. In case of cellular level, food is oxidized either with or without the help of oxygen to release energy.
49 What is the relationship between the cell division and formation of new organism of same species by earlier
existing organism?

Ans i. In case of asexual reproduction, the parent cell divides to form two similar daughter cells. This occurs by
the type of cell division called mitosis.
ii. In case of sexual reproduction , gametes are formed by the type of cell division called meiosis . These
gametes fuse to form a new organism.
50 How are the foodstuffs and their nutrient contents useful for body?

Ans Foodstuffs and their nutrients are required for normal functioning of our body. Food stuffs are broken down
during digestion to convert them into soluble nutrients which are carried by the blood to various cells of the
body. The nutrients are oxidized by cellular respiration to release energy.
Importance of some major nutrients is as follows :
a. Nutrients like carbohydrates and fats provide energy to perform various activities.
b. Proteins are the major structural components of cells. They are called body building nutrients, as they are
 responsible for building and repairing the body tissues. In our body, proteins are used to make amino acids,
hormones and other body chemicals.
c. Vitamins and minerals act asthe protective and regulating nutrients in our body.
51 What do we call to the process of transfer of physical and mental characters from parents to the progeny?

Ans The process of transfer of physical and mental characters from parents to the progeny is called inheritance or
heredity.

52 Which are the different organs in body of organisms?

Ans i. In digestive system - (Mouth, Stomach,Liver, Pancreas, intestine, etc.)

ii. Skeletal system - (Bones)
iii. Circulatory system - (Heart, Arteries, Veins , etc.)
iv. Respiratory system - (Diaphragm, Lungs, Larynx, etc) are some of the organs in an organism.
53 What happens to the cells of injured tissue?

Ans The cells of the injured tissue start dividing and increase in numbers to repair and heal the injured tissue.

54 How does the growth of any living organism occur? Does the number of cells in their body increase? If yes,
how?

Ans i. Growth of any living organism occurs due to cell division.

ii. Yes, the number of cells in their bosy increase.
iii. The number of cells increases by the process of mitosis.
55 How may be the leech used in ayurvedic system of treatment?

Ans i. According to Ayurveda leech therapy is a method in which localised impure blood is let out to heal the
tissue.
ii. Leechs used to relieve venous congestion and for improved blood circulation.
iii. Leech therapy is used in diseases like varicose veins, arthritis, Herpes, Psoriasis, Vascular problem
Diabetic wounds, non -healing ulcers, etc.
56 Why the energy in the coal is called as chemical energy?

Ans a. Chemical energy is energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds and often on combustion comes out
in the form of thermal energy
b. During combustion of coal , energy stored in the bonds of coal is released in the form of heat.
Hence energy in coal is called as chemical energy.
57 Is each of the organs useful to organism?

Ans i. Most of the organs are useful to organisms. At the same time few organs may be present now but they
have lost their function in the process of evolution.
ii. In human beings, appendix, tail-bone (coccyx), wisdom teeth and body hair are not useful now.
58 Who determines whether the two organism of a species will be exactly similar or not?

Ans DNA played the major role in determining the similarity then comes the environmental factor that impacts on
the behavior of organism.

59 Which criteria are used for classification of organisms?

Ans Some of the criteria used to classify organisms are as follows:

i. Complexity of cell structure: Prokaryotic, eukaryotic.
ii. Complexity of body organization: Unicellular, multicellular
iii. Presence/absence of cell wall : Plants (cell wall present), Animals (cell wall absent)
iv. Mode of nutrition : Autotrophic , Heterotrophic and Saprotrophic
v. Mode of reproduction : Asexual and sexual.
60 What is environment?
Ans An Environment is everything that is around us, which includes both living and nonliving things such as soil,
water, animals and plants, which adapt themselves to their surroundings. It is nature's gift that helps in
nourishing life on the earth.

61 Why may be the players consuming these food stuffs?

Ans i. Players are in need of continuous energy during games.

ii. Carbohydrates (glucose) are major and quick source of energy.
iii. Hence, players are seen consuming food stuffs rich in carbohydrated during breaks of the game.
62 Do the plants get injured when do we pluck the flowers? How are those wounds healed?

Ans Yes, plants get injured when we pluck flowers. Meristematic tissue present in plants gives rise to new cells at
the site of injury and help plants to heal their wounds.

63 What may be the relationship between lake and birds on tree?

Ans i. A bird building nest on a tree feeds upon the fishes in nearby lake.
ii. Also, birds consume worms or small insects that survive on tree.
iii. Thus, bird is part of both i.e. tree as well as pond ecosystem.
iv. This indicates that in reality an organism may be involed in more than one ecosystem.
64 Are our wisdom teeth really useful for chewing the food?

Ans No, we do not use our wisdom teeth for chewing the food, because it is a vestigial structure in human body.

65 Which different functions are performed by muscles in body?

Ans Muscles are mainly responsible for the movements of // in the human body :
There are three main types of muscles :
a. Striated ( Voluntary ) muscles :
These muscles are attached to the bones ( hence also called as skeletal muscles ) and bring about
movement of arms, legs.
b. Non-Striated ( Involunary ) muslces:
These muscles bring about movement of eyelids, passage of food through alimentary canal, contracton and
relaxation of blood vessels.
c. Cardiac muscles :
Cardiac muscles bring about contraction and relaxation of the heart.
66 How Electric energy is produced ?

Ans Electric energy is produced in the generators. By using the principle of electromagnetic induction, the
magnetic field around conducting wires is changed and this creates the potential difference. This results in the
formation of electric energy.

67 What do we mean by maintenance of species?

Ans i. The process of reproduction helps to increase the number of organisms of a species by which the species
can prevent itself from being extinct .
ii. This is called as maintenance of species.
68 What would have been happened if the male and female gametes had been diploid?

Ans If the male and female gamete were diploid then the number of chromosomes in each generation would have
continued to double and this would result in an increasing number of chromosomes.
The number of chromosomes in a particular species should remain a constant generation after generation.

69 We sweat during summer and heavy exercise.

Ans i. Human beings are warm-blooded. We need to maintain a constant body temperature irrespective of the
surrounding conditions.
ii. In summer and during heavy exercise, lot of heat is generated which raises our body temperature.
 iii. Sweating leads to loss of excess body heat and brings down the body temperature to normal.
iv. Therefore, we sweat during summer and heavy exercise.
70 Animals like ghariyal & crocodile live in water as well as on land. Are they amphibians or reptiles?

Ans i. Animals like gharial and crocodile live in water as well as on land, yet they cannot be considered as
amphibians, because their characteristic features are similar to reptiles.
ii. They have dry skin covered with scales, whereas the skin of amphibians is moist and without scales.
iii. These animals lay eggs on land, whereas amphibians lay eggs in water.
iv. Gharial and crocodiles have digits provided with claws and neck is present between head and trunk,
whereas in amphibians digits are not provided with claws and neck is absent.
v. Like other reptiles, they creep on land, as their body cannot be lifted up. Therefore, from the above
characteristics we can say that gharial and crocodiles are reptiles and not amphibians

71 Why steam is used to rotate the turbine?

Ans When water is heated, it converts into steam. This steam in under high pressure and temperature. This force
of steam rotates the terbines. The same steam is again condensed and converted back into water. The
excess heat in turbine again makes this water turn into steam. In this way turbine rotates very effetively due to
steam, hence, steam is used to rotate the turbine.

72 What would have been happened if any of the cells in nature had not been divided by meiosis?

Ans Meiosis is necessary for sexual reproduction and for increasing genetic diversity. If any of the cells in nature
had not been divided by meiosis then all sexually reproducing animals would have no offspring. Only
asexually reproducing animal could have survived on his Earth. This would lead to the extinction of the
advanced diploid species.

73 How the new individual of a species is formed from existing one of same species?

Ans i. New individual of a species is formed from the existing one of the same species by the process of
reproduction.
[Link] involves cell division-mitosis and meiosis.
74 Whether the new organism is genetically exactly similar to earlier one that has produced it?

Ans No. The new organism produced from the old one is not genetically exactly similar to the parents. In meiotic
cell division there is crossing over in the homologous chromosomes. This produces genetic
recombination. Thus the new organism is different from the earlier one. However, if the reproduction is of
asexual type, then the young one is exactly similar to the parents.

75 What types of benefit & harm occur to human from animals of phylum- Arthropoda?

Ans Benefits of Arthropoda.

i. Man eats prawns, lobsters, crabs which are highly proteinaceous and have minerals. It is really a nutritious
food. The business of rearing these is profitable.
ii. Honey bees produce honey and bee wax which have many advantages.
iii. Silk worms, lac insects supply useful products like silk and lac respectively.
iv. Many insects bring about pollination which helps in agricultural practices.
Disadvantages of Arthropoda.
i. Animals like scorpion, honey bee can bite humans which harms the body.
ii. Insects like mosquito spread malaria, dengue. Bed bugs, lice are ectoparasites and cause various
disorders in human body.
76 Which cell organelle is necessary for complete oxidation of glucose?

Ans Mitochondria is necessary for complete oxidation of glucose.

77 What is the importance of balanced diet for body?

Ans
 A balanced diet supplies the nutrients your body needs to work effectively. Without balanced nutrition, your
body is more prone to disease, infection, fatigue, and low performance. Children who don't get enough
healthy foods may face growth and developmental problems, poor academic performance, and frequent
infections.

78 How many atoms of C, H and O are respectively present in a molecule of glucose?

Ans There are 6 atoms of C,12 atoms of H and 6 atoms of O present in a molecule of glucose (C6H12O6)

79 What is difference between food chain and food web?

Ans Food Chain Food Web

Linear feeding hierarchy, following a Graphical model following the interconnected path energy
single flow of energy takes in an ecosystem

Single unit Multiple interconnected pathways

Includes 4-6 trophic levels Multiple trophic levels

Predators only feed on one specific Predators feed on multiple consumers

consumer

80 Which cycles are operated in environment? What is their importance?

Ans i. Various cycles oprerated in the environment are nitrogen cycle, oxygen cycle, carbon cycle, water cycle,
etc.
ii. Environmental balance is maintained throuhgh continuous operation of various cycles.
81 Which component of the cellular nucleus of living organisms carries hereditary characters?

Ans The chromosomes carrying hereditary characters called genes are located in the nucleus of a living cell.

82 Which factors affect the environment? How?

Ans The environment is affected by biotic and abiotic factors such as temperature, pressure, humidity, and
organisms like human activity.

83 Why is earthworm called as friend of farmers?

Ans Earthworms are said to be always the friend of farmers. The reason is that earthworm increases the fertility of
soil by increasing the amount of air and water that gets into the soil, facilitating aeration and increasing
drainage.

84 What is the role of chromosomes in cell-division?

Ans As the genetic material passes from parents to child, the chromosomes are responsible for containing the
instruction that make the offspring unique while still carrying traits from their parents.

85 What is the importance of digestive juices in digestive system?

Ans i. Digestive juices create conditions requried for digestion of food.

ii. Digestive juices contain enzymes which break down different components of food like carbohydrates
proteins and fats, so that the essential nutrients are absorbed and properly utilized by the body.
86 What is included in environment?

Ans Environment includes many biotic,abiotic,natural and artificial factors.

87 Why has it been said that only insects directly compete with humans for food?

Ans
 The standing crop in the fields can be totally ruined by insects. The locust can damage the corps when they
attack in thousands at a time. The grains are also infested by variety of insects like ants, weevils , beetles ,
etc. Therefore , we can say that only insects compete with humans for food.

88 How does nuclear fission take place?

Ans i. In nuclear fission, the atom of a heavy element is bombarded by a neutron to form an unstable isotope.
ii. The unstable isotope further splits into two or more smaller nuclei releasing extra neutrons and energy.
iii. In nuclear fisson, huge amount of energy and heat is released.

89 Where do we use electrical energy in our day-to-day life?

Ans We use electric energy in various appliances such as bulbs and tubelights. Fans, iron, refrigerator, water
pumps, cellphone chargers, television sets, tape recorders and computers.

90 Which are different trophic levels in food chain?

Ans Level 1: Plants and algae make their own food and are called producers.
Level 2: Herbivores eat plants and are called primary consumers.
Level 3: Carnivores that eat herbivores are called secondary consumers.
Level 4: Carnivores that eat other carnivores are called tertiary consumers.

91 Which are the types of consumers? What are the criteria for their classification?

Ans a. The difference types of consumers are :

i. Primary consumers (Herbivores)
ii. Secondary consumers (Carnivores)
iii. Tertiary and / or apex consumers
iv. Omnivores (Mixed consumers)
b. The criteria for the classification of consumers are mode of nutrition, food requirements, etc.
92 How do butterflies contribute to environmental balance?

Ans i. Pollination is essential for plant reproduction and butterflies are effective pollinators.
ii. Butterflies also form a food source for predators like birds, reptiles, etc.
iii. These creatures are sensitive to changes in climate and pollution.
iv. They are indicators of a healthy environment and a healthy ecosystem.
93 In terms of Chemistry what happens actually when a molecule is oxidized?

Ans When an ionic chemical reaction occurs on a metal's surface while oxygen while oxygen is present, oxidation
of metal takes place. There is a movement of electrons from the metal to the oxygen molecules during this
process. The negative oxygen ions generated enter the metal & leads to the creation of an oxide surface.
Thus, oxidation is a form of metal corrosion.

94 What is ecosystem? Which are its different components?

Ans An ecosystem includes different communities of plants, animals and microbes together with their
physicochemical environments. It consists of two major components, biotic or living components and nonbiotic
or nonliving components. Biotic components include plants, animals, decomposers.

95 Many times, we experience dryness in mouth.

Ans Dry mouth is also known as xerostomia. It's a condition that happens when salivary glands in your mouth
don't produce enough saliva. It causes a parched, or dry, feeling in your mouth. It can also cause other
symptoms, such as a rough tongue, mouth sores, and cracked lips.

96 Whether the gametes are diploid or haploid? Why?

Ans The cells that give rise to gamtes are dipliod (2n). But by meisosis they give rise to gametes which are haploid
(n.) Two haploid gametes undergo fertillization and the zygote formed becomes once again diploid (2n).
97 What is the role of circulatory system in energy production?

Ans In the circulatory system, arteries carry oxygen rich blood from heart to the different parts of thebody. Along
with oxygen, this blood also contains energy- rich nutrients such as glucose, fatty acids which are used by
cells to produce energy.

98 Which type of cellular respiration performs complete oxidation of glucose?

Ans Complete oxidation of glucose occurs during aerobic respiration.

99 How the plants are classified?

Ans On the basis of the flowering and non flowering, the plants kingdom are divided into two sub- kingdom.
Cryptograms: They are non flowering plants. On the basis of their appearance they are divided into three
division thallophyta, bryophyte, and pteridophyta.

100 Which are main types of cell-division? What are the differences?

Ans i. 'mitosis ' and 'meiosis' are the two main types of cell division.
ii. Mitosis occurs in the somatic cells and stem cells of the body , whereas meiosis occurs in germ cells.
iii. In mitosis , the chromosome number remains the same and two daughter cells are obtained from one cell.
iv. In meiosis , chromosomes number is reduced to half and four daughter cells are obtained from one cell.
101 Which are the animals from phylum Arthropoda those have shortest & longest life span?

Ans The shortest life span : May fly - About 24 hours . The longest life span : Lobster (Homarus americanus ) -
About 100 years .

102 Animals like whale, walrus live in water (ocean). Whether they are included in pisces or mammalia?

Ans i. Whales and walrus are included in mammalia. They are aquatic mammals.
ii. They are walm blooded animals.
iii. They breath air and mothers feed their babies through mammary glands just like humans do.
iv. Fishes (Pisces) a re cold blooded animals and breathe through their gills and do not have mammary
glands.
103 Whether new cells are formed during healing of wound?

Ans Yes, the injured cells are restored by the formation of new cells.

104 What is energy pyramid?

Ans An energy pyramid is a visual tool that provides structure when quantifying the metabolic energy transfers
between different organisms, specifically across trophic levels in an ecological food chain.

105 Why is it said that pollution control is important?

Ans i. Natural environment consists of air, atmosphere, waater, land, living, organisms, etc.
ii. Continuous interactions occur between biotic and abiotic factors. Their interactions are very important.
iii. Environmental balance is maintained through continuous operation of various natural cycles like
biogeochemical cycles.
iv. When some natural factors of environment and some artificial polluted factors harm the environment, it
created imbalance between various factors of the environment and ultimately affects the existence of
biotic factors.
v. The main threat to the ecosystem is the pollution of materials present in it. sometimes it may damage the
ecosystem completely in the course of time.
vi. In environment management, we take the task of protecting, conserving and preserving the natural
components of the ecosystem.
vii. If we control the pollution, then the environmental management activities will succeed and the purpose will
be served.
viii. If there is minimum pollution, then the nature cycles will continue without any disturbance and biodiversity
 can be enriched.
106 Which types of chemical bonds are present between all these atoms?

Ans In glucose molecule, atomsof carbon, hydrogen and oxygen are held together by covalent bonds.

107 What are different types of Energy?

Ans i. Kinetic Energy.

ii. Potential Energy.
iii. Nuclear Energy.
iv. Chemical Energy.
v. Heat Energy.
vi. Light Energy.
vii. Sound Energy.
viii. Electrical Energy.

108 How are the various processes occurring in human body controlled? In how many ways?

Ans i. Various organ systems are continuously performing their functions in human body.
ii. Along with the various systems like digestive, respiratory, circulatory, excretory and control systems,
different external and internal organs are performing their functions independently but through a complete
co-ordination.
iii. This is controlled in two ways-Nervous control by nervous system and chemical control by the hormones
secreted by the endocrine glands.
109 What is Energy?

Ans Energy is the capacity for doing work. It may exist in potential, kinetic, thermal, helectrical, chemical, nuclear,
or other forms.

110 Which system is in action for removal of waste materials produced in human body?

Ans Excretory system is employed in discharging waste materials from the body.

111 What is respiration? How does it occur?

Ans i. The process of release of energy by oxidation of food is called as respiration.

ii. In living organisms, respiration occurs at two levels-body and cellular level.
iii. In case of body level, oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the body and surrounding.
iv. In case of cellular level, food is oxidized either with or without the help of oxygen to release energy.
112 What is the relationship between the cell division and formation of new organism of same species by earlier
existing organism?

Ans i. In case of asexual reproduction, the parent cell divides to form two similar daughter cells. This occurs by
the type of cell division called mitosis.
ii. In case of sexual reproduction , gametes are formed by the type of cell division called meiosis . These
gametes fuse to form a new organism.
113 How are the foodstuffs and their nutrient contents useful for body?

Ans Foodstuffs and their nutrients are required for normal functioning of our body. Food stuffs are broken down
during digestion to convert them into soluble nutrients which are carried by the blood to various cells of the
body. The nutrients are oxidized by cellular respiration to release energy.
Importance of some major nutrients is as follows :
a. Nutrients like carbohydrates and fats provide energy to perform various activities.
b. Proteins are the major structural components of cells. They are called body building nutrients, as they are
responsible for building and repairing the body tissues. In our body, proteins are used to make amino acids,
hormones and other body chemicals.
c. Vitamins and minerals act asthe protective and regulating nutrients in our body.
114 What do we call to the process of transfer of physical and mental characters from parents to the progeny?

Ans The process of transfer of physical and mental characters from parents to the progeny is called inheritance or
heredity.

115 Which are the different organs in body of organisms?

Ans i. In digestive system - (Mouth, Stomach,Liver, Pancreas, intestine, etc.)

ii. Skeletal system - (Bones)
iii. Circulatory system - (Heart, Arteries, Veins , etc.)
iv. Respiratory system - (Diaphragm, Lungs, Larynx, etc) are some of the organs in an organism.
116 What happens to the cells of injured tissue?

Ans The cells of the injured tissue start dividing and increase in numbers to repair and heal the injured tissue.

117 How does the growth of any living organism occur? Does the number of cells in their body increase? If yes,
how?

Ans i. Growth of any living organism occurs due to cell division.

ii. Yes, the number of cells in their bosy increase.
iii. The number of cells increases by the process of mitosis.
118 How may be the leech used in ayurvedic system of treatment?

Ans i. According to Ayurveda leech therapy is a method in which localised impure blood is let out to heal the
tissue.
ii. Leechs used to relieve venous congestion and for improved blood circulation.
iii. Leech therapy is used in diseases like varicose veins, arthritis, Herpes, Psoriasis, Vascular problem
Diabetic wounds, non -healing ulcers, etc.
119 Why the energy in the coal is called as chemical energy?

Ans a. Chemical energy is energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds and often on combustion comes out
in the form of thermal energy
b. During combustion of coal , energy stored in the bonds of coal is released in the form of heat.
Hence energy in coal is called as chemical energy.
120 Is each of the organs useful to organism?

Ans i. Most of the organs are useful to organisms. At the same time few organs may be present now but they
have lost their function in the process of evolution.
ii. In human beings, appendix, tail-bone (coccyx), wisdom teeth and body hair are not useful now.
121 Who determines whether the two organism of a species will be exactly similar or not?

Ans DNA played the major role in determining the similarity then comes the environmental factor that impacts on
the behavior of organism.

122 Which criteria are used for classification of organisms?

Ans Some of the criteria used to classify organisms are as follows:

i. Complexity of cell structure: Prokaryotic, eukaryotic.
ii. Complexity of body organization: Unicellular, multicellular
iii. Presence/absence of cell wall : Plants (cell wall present), Animals (cell wall absent)
iv. Mode of nutrition : Autotrophic , Heterotrophic and Saprotrophic
v. Mode of reproduction : Asexual and sexual.
123 What is environment?

Ans An Environment is everything that is around us, which includes both living and nonliving things such as soil,
water, animals and plants, which adapt themselves to their surroundings. It is nature's gift that helps in
nourishing life on the earth.
 124 Why may be the players consuming these food stuffs?

Ans i. Players are in need of continuous energy during games.

ii. Carbohydrates (glucose) are major and quick source of energy.
iii. Hence, players are seen consuming food stuffs rich in carbohydrated during breaks of the game.

125 Do the plants get injured when do we pluck the flowers? How are those wounds healed?

Ans Yes, plants get injured when we pluck flowers. Meristematic tissue present in plants gives rise to new cells at
the site of injury and help plants to heal their wounds.

126 What may be the relationship between lake and birds on tree?

Ans i. A bird building nest on a tree feeds upon the fishes in nearby lake.
ii. Also, birds consume worms or small insects that survive on tree.
iii. Thus, bird is part of both i.e. tree as well as pond ecosystem.
iv. This indicates that in reality an organism may be involed in more than one ecosystem.
Q.5 Multiple Choice Questions 240
1 Cheese formed after ripening for 12-18 months is known as
a. Cream cheese b. Semi-hard cheese
c. Parmesan cheese d. None of these
Ans Option c.

2 How many pair of chromosomes are found in human?

(a) 22 (b) 44 (c) 23 (d) 46

Ans Option (c)

3 ................ cheese is formed after ripening for 12 – 18 months.

(a) Mozzarella (b) Cheddar (c) Parmesan (d) Cottage

Ans Option (c)

4 Action of National Disaster Response Force is in all over the country with the help of
a. Army b. Navy c. Police force d. There is a separate unit for this

Ans Option a.

5 The Hydroelectric capacity of Koyna dam is ...............

a. 2400 MW b. 1960 MW c. 1900 MW d. 1961 MW

Ans

Option B

6 Which are the characteristics of the f phylum hemichordate?

a. Also called as ‘acorn worms’
b. Notochord is present in proboscis
c. They are unisexual
d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

7
 Continuous consumption of alcoholic & tobacco materials lead to -
a. Addiction
b. Impairs efficiency of nervous system and liver
c. Hinders ability of memorization and learning
d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

8 Who is responsible is responsible for designing the schemes for each district, separately for each type of
disaster and getting those sanctioned from state-level authorities.
a. District Collector b. Tahsildar c. Chief minister d. Sarpanch

Ans Option a.

9 Which of the following is absent in RNA ?

a. Adenine b. Guanine c. Uracil d. Thymine

Ans Option d.

10 The cyclical process is also called as ____________

a) Hans cylce b) Krebs cycles c) TCA cycle d) energy currency

Ans krebs cycle

11 Vestigial organ ............... present in human body is proof of evolution.

a. Gradual development b. Appendix c. Gene d. Ribosome

Ans Option b.

12 Which of the following is not a type of energy ?

a. Chemical b. Electrical c. Heat d. Sunlight

Ans Option d.

13 The cellular respiration takes place in ...............

a. Lysosome b. Mitochondrion c. Chlorophyll d. Ribosome

Ans Option b.

14 Calcareous spines are present on the body of -

a. Tortoise b. Ascaris c. Star-fish d. Herdmania

Ans Option c.

15 In solar panels, cells can be connected.

a. In series only b. In parallel only
c. In series as well as parallel d. In chain form inside the panel
Ans Option c.

16 In which of the following industries, microbial enzymes are not used?

(a) Glass industry (b) Tanning industry (c) Cheese industry (d) Paper industry

Ans Option (a)

17 ............... keeps the nerve tissue isolated from remaining body.

a. Ganglions b. Notochord c. Nerves d. Coelom

Ans Option b.

18 Which of the following is a man-made disaster ?

a. Earthquake b. Flood c. Meteoric d. Leakage of toxic gases

Ans Option d.
19 ............... is not the component of Air pollution.
a. Ash b. Carbon c. Tar d. Lead

Ans Option c.

20 The enzyme ................ is used to produce vegetarian cheese.

(a) rennet (b) lyase (c) protease (d) ligase

Ans Option (c)

21 Apiculture is
a. Bee farming b. Soilless farming
c. Worm farming d. None of the above
Ans Option a.

22 The Collector belongs to ............... level of disaster management authority.

(a) village (b) district (c) state (d) taluka

Ans Option (b)

23 Characters of Cyclostomata are

a. Un paired appendages b. Cartilaginous Exoskeleton
c. Endoparasitism d. Scaly skin
Ans Option a.

24 Which of the following activities are good for social well being -
a. Fostering Various Hobbies
b. Physical activities like Sports, exercises, yoga, gardening
c. Learning and listening to music
d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

25 ............... form the colonies of useful microbes in alimentary canal and control other microbes and their
metabolic activities, improve resistance.
a. Carbohydrate b. Vitamins c. Probiotics d. Proteins

Ans Option c.

26 The apex consumer is ................

a. Eagle b. Frog c. Snake d. Grasshopper

Ans Option a.

27 Which is true about Herbicide tolerant plants.

a. Selectively destroy the weeds
b. They have beneficisl effects on crops
c. They have harmful effects on crops as well
d. Nothing like this exists

Ans Option a.

28 Animal with bilateral symmetry in ...............

a. Star fish b. Human
c. Paramoecium d. Amoeba
Ans Option b.

29
 Remnants and impressions of buried organisms existed millions of years ago remain preserved
underground are called as -
a. Fossils b. Carbon consumption of animals c. Manuscripts d. Connecting Links

Ans Option a.

30 Cytology includes
a. structure, types and organelles of the cell
b. study of cell division
c. many other aspects of the cell
d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

31 Salaam Mumbai Foundation runs programs for ................ in a slum area.

(a) education (b) tobacco (c) cyber crimes (d) domestic violence

Ans Option a.

32

The part in the above figure which is a vestigial organ is called as-
a. Appendix b. Coccyx c. Ear muscles d. Ear Pinna

Ans Option c.

33 Hail storm is a ................ type of disaster.

(a) atmospheric (b) geological (c) biological (d) Man-made

Ans Option (b)

34 ............... is the largest organization engaged in environmental activities.

a. BNHS b. UNEP c. WWF d. Green Peace

Ans Option d.

35 Which of the following is not a homeotherm?

a. Penguin b. Hawk c. Rohu d. Walrus

Ans Option c.

36 All of the following is true about biotechnology except -

a. Uses abilities of microbes like yoghurt production from milk and alcohol from molasses.
b. Production of antibiotics and vaccines, etc. with the help of specific cells.
c. Use of bio-molecules like DNA and proteins in human welfare.
d. Used to create entirely new organ.

Ans Option d.

37
 ________ is used in the commercial bakery industry.
a. Compressed yeast. b. Algae
c. Bacteria d. Microbes

Ans a. Compressed yeast.

38 Golden rice contains .................

a. vitamin D b. vitamin B
c. proteins d. vitamin A
Ans Option d.

39 Non-chordates are sub-divided in ............... phyla.

a. six b. nine c. ten d. eleven

Ans Option c.

40 Regeneration occurs in _______.

(A) Amoeba (B) Paramoecium
(C) Euglena (D) Planaria

Ans (D) Planaria

41 Octopuss cannot perform the function of [Animals in phylum Mollusca-Octopuss]

a. walking b. screeching c. swimming d. creeping

Ans Option d.

42 Salaam Mumbai Foundation -

Runs programs in various schools in Mumbai to empower the children living in slum area in the field of
a.
education, sports, arts and business.
b. Has made some districts in Maharashtra completely tobacco-free through hard work.
It is being implemented with the help of Government in about 200 schools in Mumbai and 14000 schools in
c.
the rest of Maharashtra.
d. All of the above
Ans Option d.

43 The process of meiosis takes place to produce ............... .

a. cells of the body b. cells of the brain
c. sperms and ova d. testes and ovary
Ans Option c.

44 World Biodiversity Day is celebrated on ............... .

a. 22nd May b. 5th June c. 23rd May d. 22nd April

Ans Option a.

45 All of the following are destructive effects of flood except -

a. Collapsing of bridges
b. Developing cracks in the land
c. Flooding of coastal villages
d. Shortage of food

Ans Option b.

46 All of the following are geophysical disasters except

a. Poisonous gases b. Earthquakes c. Alkalization d. Volcano

Ans Option a.

47
 Fossil fuel used in day-to-day life is -
a. Sunlight b. CNG c. Coal d. Generator

Ans Option b.

48 The act to curb cyber crime is

a. IT Act-2000 b. Consumer Protection act
c. RTI act d. None of the above
Ans Option a.

49 is an important link between measures after disaster and national development.

a. Redemption b. Response
c. Resurgence d. Restoration

Ans d. Restoration

50 Salaam Mumbai Foundation was established in -

a. 1947 b. 1963 c. 2000 d. 2015

Ans Option c.

51
 Which of the following diagram explains the inheritance of acquired characteristics ?

a.

Some animals with special characteristics

b.

Structure of ground level

c.

Structure of bones

d.

Giraffe

Ans Option d.

52 Koyana Dam is an example for

a. Lake-tapping b. Water reservation
c. Pumping station d. Thermal power plant
Ans Option a.

53 Classification proposed by Aristotle is known as ‘................’.

a. Kingdom Classification b. General Classification
c. Synthetic method d. Artificial method
Ans Option d.

54 Plants like ................. are used as biofertilizers.

a. Rhizobium b. Azotobacter
c. Nostoc d. Azolla
Ans Option d.

55 Which of the following belongs to the vulnerable species?

a. Red panda b. Lion tailed monkey c. Lion d. Giant squirrel

Ans Option c.

56 Which of the following is not an organic component of the ecosystem ?

a. Proteins b. Carbohydrates c. Fats d. Oxygen

Ans Option d.

57 The process of fusion of gametes is called ................ .

a. fertilization b. germination c. regeneration d. fragmentation

Ans The process of fusion of gametes is called fertilization.

58 Which of the following are unicellular ?

a. Chlorella b. Paramoecium c. Peripatus d. Both a and b

Ans Option d.

59 Citric acid used in production of beverages, toffees, chocolates is obtained by fermentation of ................ by
aspergillus niger.
a. Grapes b. Sugar molasses c. Apple d. Coffee nuts

Ans Option b.

60 Which animal does not posses the regenerative characters?

a. Planaria b. Wall Lizard c. Sycon Sponge d. Leech

Ans Option d.

61 In nuclear fission, …………… is the basic particle bombarded on the atom.

a. proton b. electron c. neutron d. deuteron

Ans Option c.

62 ……………….. is a connecting link between annelida and arthropoda.

a. Duck-billed platypus b. Peripatus c. Lungfish d. Whale

Ans Option b.

63 For the purpose of preservation, stem cell samples are kept in .................
a. liquid oxygen b. hydrogen
c. liquid chlorine d. liquid nitrogen
Ans Option d.

64 Which of the following is used in solar cooker to harvest the solar energy?
a. Solar panels b. Silicon cell c. Mirrors d. Glass lid

Ans Option c.

65 Stem cells are preserved in

a. preserved in liquid hydrogen at -1350C to -1900C
b. preserved in liquid nitrogen at -1350C to -1900C
c. preserved in liquid propane at -1350C to -1900C
d. preserved in refrigerator at -50C to- 100C

Ans Option b.

66
 Which is not one of the benefits of animal classification ?
a. Study of animals becomes convenient.
b. It gives idea about animal evolution.
c. It helps in better exploitation of animals.
d. Animals can be easily identified with great accuracy.

Ans Option c.

67 All of the following are biological disasters of animal origin except -

a. Hepatitis b. Fungal disease spreading c. Cholera d. Plague

Ans Option b.

68 Which of the following organ can be donated by human beings during their life time?
a. Lung b. Liver
c. Kidney d. Eyes
Ans Option c.

69 ................ occurred after a blast in the atomic energy plant at Chernobyl in Russia.
(a) Gas leakage (b) Fire (c) Flooding (d) Radiation leakage

Ans Option (d)

70 Property of stem cells to develop into specific type of cells is called .................
a. totipotency b. pleuripotency
c. regeneration d. transplantation

Ans Option b.

71 In ............... process cyst is formed.

a. budding b. binary fission c. regeneration d. multiple fission

Ans In multiple fission process cyst is formed.

72 Phenylketonuria is caused due to genetic changes in .................

a. erythrocytes b. hepatocytes
c. keratinocytes d. enterocytes
Ans Option b.

73 What should be done if the gas cylinder at your home catches fire?
a. Water should be sprinkled.
b. Sand, soil should be put at it.
c. Cylinder should be covered with wet blanket.
d. One should run away.

Ans Option c.

74 ............... are connecting links between chordates and non-chordates.

a. Cephalochordates b. Hemichordates c. Urochordates d. Craniata

Ans Option b.

75 In which of the following industries, microbial enzymes are not used?

a. Glass industry b. Cheese industry c. Tanning industry d. Paper industry.

Ans Option a.

76 Which products form green energy ?

a. Conventional b. Combustible c. Radioactive d. Eco-friendly

Ans Option d.
77 ............... is used in the preparation of bread.
(a) Streptococcus thermophiles
(b) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(c) Bifidobacterium bifidum
(d) Lactobacillus casei

Ans Option (b)

78 Organs that cannot be donated during life time are all except
a. Kidney b. Liver c. Eyes d. Heart

Ans Option a.

79 Somatic and stem cells undergo ……………….. type of division.

a.. meiosis b. mitosis c. budding d. cloning

Ans Somatic and stem cells undergo mitosis type of division.

80 Providing first aid is a measure under the ............... phase in disaster management.
(a) warning (b) transitional (c) emergency (d) political

Ans Option (c)

81 The exchange of respiratory gases occur by the ............... in the plants.

a. Air pores b. Stomata c. Lenticels d. Diffusion

Ans Option d.

82 According to WHO definition of health is a state of -

a. Physical and mental well being
b. Social well Being
c. Absence of disease or infirmity
d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

83 The ................ is the Chairman of the Village level committee under disaster management authority.
(a) Tahsildar (b) Sarpanch (c) Gram sevak (d) Village Patil

Ans Option (b)

84 ................ is man-made disaster.

(a) Earthquake (b) Flood (c) Leakage of poisonous gas (d) Meteor shower

Ans Option (c)

85 All of the following are the methods of carrying victims at the site of accident except
a. Jaw thrust method b. Cradle method
c. Carrying on backs d. Carrying on two hands
Ans Option a.

86 Which of the following vitamin is necessary for synthesis of NADH2?

a. Vitamin B2 b. Vitamin B5 c. Vitamin C d. Vitamin K

Ans Option b.

87 The given figure provides essential evidence regarding the evolution of species from one form to another
which are referred to as-
a. Anatomical Evidences b. Morphological Evidences
c. Paleontological Evidences d. embryological Evidences
Ans Option d.

88 Which website should we visit to file the complaint against cyber crime ?
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
Ans Option a.

89 Salts which can be used as supplement of calcium and iron are obtained from ________.
a. carbonic acid b. acetic acid
c. citric acid d. gluconic acid

Ans d. gluconic acid

90 What will you do, if the domestic gas cylinder bursts?

a. Sprinkle water.
b. Throw soil or sand.
c. Cover the cylinder with wet bed sheet.
d. Run away.

Ans Option c.

91 Heart in chordates is present on ............... side of body.

a. dorsal b. ventral c. dorso-ventral d. lateral

Ans Option b.

92 In ............... pollen is transferred from one flower to another flower of the same plant.
a. cross pollination b. self-pollination c. fertilization d. germination

Ans In self-pollination pollen is transferred from one flower to another flower of the same plant.

93 Which of the following form a connecting links between two groups of animals ?
a. Platipus b. Peripatus c. Gillfish d. a and b both

Ans Option d.

94 Cell organelle necessary for complete oxidation of glucose is ...............

a. mitochondria b. plastids c. ribosomes d. golgi body

Ans Option a.
95 Most of the disasters have occurred in the ................ continent.
(a) Australia (b) Europe (c) Asia (d) Africa

Ans Option (c)

96 Which of the following is considered as the first example of wise-man ?

a. Cro-Magnon man b. Austrelopithecus c. Neanderthal man d. Homo sapiens

Ans Option c.

97 Nowadays, ................ are used for treatment of diarrhoea and treatment of poultry also.
(a) yoghurt (b) probiotics (c) vinegar (d) cheese

Ans Option (b)

98 Which of the following accounts for cyber crime

Consumers are deceived by showing superior items on websites but actually selling the items of either
a.
inferior quality or impaired ones.
[Link] transactions are done using PIN without the knowledge of consumers.
Opening a fake account on Facebook and displaying false information and thereby teasing the girls or
c.
exploiting them financially.
[Link] of the above
Ans Option d.

99 The ............... aspect of disaster management cycle includes planning for minimizing damage to the society
and country.
(a) response (b) resurgence (c) restoration (d) redemption

Ans Option (d)

100 Wine is produced by the fermentation of ................

(a) sugarcane molasses (b) grapes (c) apple (d) beet

Ans Option (b)

101 Which of the following is not a class under Vertebrata ?

a. Cyclostomata b. Reptilia c. Cephalochordata d. Mammalia

Ans Option c.

102 The disaster management act was passed in India in the year:
(a) 2002 (b) 2004 (c) 2005 (d) 2007

Ans Option (c)

103 Which of the following is objective of first aid ?

a. Preventing deterioration of condition of victims of disaster
b. Saving lives
c. Relieving the pains
d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

104 ................ is the female reproductive part of the flower.

a. Sepal b. Petal c. Stamen d. Carpel

Ans Carpel is the female reproductive part of the flower.

105
 may arise due to excessive use of mobile phones.
a. Headache b. Problem in vision
c. Joint pains d. All above

Ans d. All above

106 Which special cells are present in the body of sponges (Porifera)?
a. Collar cells. b. Cnidoblasts. c. Germ cells. d. Ectodermal cells

Ans Option a.

107 Alcoholic person lacks the thinking.

a. straight b. rational
c. universal d. spiritual

Ans b. rational

108 ............... is considered as connecting link between non-chordates and chordates.

a. Balanoglossus b. Doliolum c. Cephalochordate d. Petromyzon

Ans Option a.

109 Volcano is a ............... disaster.

a. social b. political c. biological d. geological

Ans d. geological

110 Haploid gametes are formed in the process of ............... .

a. fertilization b. germination c. meiosis d. mitosis

Ans Haploid gametes are formed in the process of meiosis.

111 ................ is a clean, smokeless fuel obtained from molasses.

(a) Acetone (b) Ethanol (c) Petrol (d) Diesel

Ans Option (b)

112 Who is responsible for designing the schemes for each district, separately for each type of disaster and
getting those sanctioned from state-level authorities ?
a. District Collector b. Tahsildar c. Chief minister d. Sarpanch

Ans Option a.

113 ................. is not a biofertilizer.

a. Rhizobium b. Nostoc
c. Anabaena d. [Link]
Ans Option d.

114 Current is constant through all the cells when

a. Potential difference is high b. Potential difference is low
c. Connected in series d. Connected in parallel
Ans Option c.

115 In human beings, there are ............... chromosomes.

a. 23 b. 46 c. 22 d. 47

Ans Option b.

116
 ................ divisions of National Disaster Response Forces are working in the country.
(a) 10 (b) 11 (c) 12 (d) 30

Ans Option (c)

117 Meiosis is also known as ............... .

a. Equational division b. Reductional division
c. Meristematic cells d. None of the above
Ans Option b.

118 Which of the following animals can regenerate it’s broken body part ?
a. Cockroach b. Frog c. Sparrow d. Star fish

Ans Option d.

119 Cheese used in western kind of food is ...............

a. Cheddar b. Cottage c. Mozzarella d. Yoghurt

Ans Option b.

120 Practicing Yoga implies

a. Asanas and pranayam
b. Includes discipline, balanced and good food,
c. Meditation
d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

121 Which of the following is man-made disaster ?

a. Forced migration b. Floods c. Infectious diseases d. Erosion

Ans Option a.

122 Least energy is generated around the world, from -

a. Coal b. Natural Gas c. Solar d. Petroleum

Ans Option d.

123 Which of the following is first example of class Homo sapiens?

a. Neanderthal b. Dryopithecus c. Cro Magnon d. Ramapithecus

Ans Option a.

124 Chemically, Vinegar is 4% ............... acid.

(a) gluconic (b) amino (c) acetic (d) citric

Ans Option (c)

125 Which of the following shows anatomical/superficial similarity to that of a human hand ?
a. Cat’s foreleg b. Patagium of bat c. Flipper of whale d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

126 All are man made disasters except

a. Child labor b. Rapes c. Terrorism d. Hail storms

Ans Option d.

127 Mock drill includes which of the following activities ?

a. Demonstrations like extinguishing the fire.
b. Rescuing the people trapped at higher floors of buildings.
c. Rescuing the persons whose clothing have caught fire.
d. All of the above.
Ans Option d.

128 Which Protein is used to treat anaemia?

a. Somatostatin b. Factor VIII c. Erythropoietin d. Interleukin

Ans Option c.

129 Amendment in IT Act -2000 was made in -

a. 2008 b. 2000 c. 1947 d. 2010

Ans Option a.

130 Chemical Formula of vinegar -

a. CH3COOH b. CH3 (CO)2 c. CH3 (CH2)2 CH2 d. CH3CHO

Ans Option a.

131 Planaria reproduces by ................. .

a. binary fission b. regeneration c. spore formation d. budding

Ans Planaria reproduces by regeneration.

132 The proof for the fact that protein synthesis occurs through ............... was given by George Beadle and
Edward Tatum.
a. Gene b. Ribosome c. RNA d. Transcription

Ans Option a.

133 Partial or complete collapse of a building is an example of ............... type of disaster.

(a) social (b) environmental (c) medical (d) political

Ans Option (b)

134 Excessive use of mobile phones leads to

a. Radiation damage to body
b. People become solitary
c. People cannot establish harmonious relationships with others
d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

135 ................ is obtained by microbial process by Lactobacillus delbrueckii.

(a) Itaconic acid (b) Lactic acid (c) Gluconic acid (d) Citric acid

Ans Option (b)

136 Which of the following belongs to phylum Aschelminthes ?

a. Animals in phylum Annelida-Nereis
b. Animals in phylum Ascheminthes-female Ascaris
c. Animals in Cnidaria phylum-Sea anemone
d. Animals in phylum Platyhelminthes-Liverfluke

Ans Option b.

137 Which of the following is not the source of green energy?

a. Wind b. Natural gas c. Sunlight d. Fossil fuel.

Ans Option d.

138 The spindle fibres start appearing from ............... stage of karyokinesis.
a. Prophase b. Metaphase c. Anaphase d. Telophase

Ans Option b.
139 Which of the following animals’ body shows bilateral symmetry?
a. Star fish b. Jelly fish c. Earthworm d. Sponge

Ans Option c.

140 Soya sauce is prepared by fermentation of ................ and soyabean.

(a) gram flour (b) rice flour (c) wheat flour (d) mixture of wheat and rice flour

Ans Option (d)

141 Which organizations are active against tobacco consumption

a. World Health Organisation b. TATA Trust
c. Both of the above d. None of the above
Ans Option c.

142 ............... is used as a low calories artificial sweetner.

a. Lactose b. Sucrose c. Xylitol d. Fructose

Ans Option c.

143 Atomic power plant in Maharashtra is _______.

(A) Chandrapur (B) Koyana
(C) Tarapur (D) Anjanwel

Ans Tarapur

144 Corals are ...............

a. Echinoderm b. Arthropods. c. Cnidarian. d. Moluuscan.

Ans Option c.

145 ……………….. is a cold blooded animal.

a. Bat b. Snake c. Rabbit d. Elephant

Ans Option b.

146 ................ a by - product of fermentation is a biopesticide.

a. Spinosad b. Lactose c. Butyric Acid d. Ethanol

Ans Option a.

147 Due to which similar characteristic honey bee and cockroach are included in the same phylum?
a. wings b. three pairs of legs c. jointed appendages d. antenna

Ans Option c.

148 Which of the following is medicinal plant -

a. Eucalyptus b. Adulsa c. Cinchona d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

149 Dams are built to increase

a. Potential energy b. Kinetic energy
c. Water quantity d. Chemical energy
Ans Option a.

150 Pregnant mother supplies nourishment to her foetus through the _________.
a. uterus b. placenta c. ovary d. oviduct

Ans b. placenta
151 Chemical energy can be stored in
a. compounds b. generator c. Invertor d. Magnet

Ans Option a.

152 The causality behind the sudden changes was understood due to ............... theory of Hugo de Vries.
a. Mutation b. Translocation of DNA
c. Formation of RNA d. Translational process of DNA
Ans Option a.

153 Which of the following vegetable is used for production of edible vaccine ?
a. BT Brinjal b. Brocolli c. Potato d. Cauliflower

Ans Option c.

154 What does the following diagram represent ?

a. Mutation b. Translocation of DNA

c. Formation of mRNA d. Translational process of DNA
Ans Option c.

155 The ............... sweet potato gives rise to new plant.

a. roots b. stem c. leaves d. buds

Ans The roots sweet potato gives rise to new plant.

156 Annelida and all phyla coming after Annelida are ............... and before Annelida are ............... except for
Aschelminthes which are ...............
a. coelomate, eucoelomate, acoelomate
b. pseudocoelomate, acoelomate, eucoelomate
c. coelomate, psedocoelomate, acoelomate
d. eucoelomate, acoelomate, pseudocoelomate

Ans Option d.

157 All of the following are the international organizations that work for disaster management except.
a. United Nations Disaster Relief Organization
b. World Health Organization
c. United Nations Centre for Human Settlements
d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

158 The nuclear fuel used in nuclear power plants is ...............

a. gasoline b. uranium c. radium d. cesium

Ans Option b.

159 Rifamycin is effective against ................

a. Cholera b. Typhoid c. Diarrhoea d. Tuberculosis
Ans Option d.

160 Humans are

a. Bilaterally symmetrical b. Asymmetrical
c. Radially symmetrical d. Tri-symmetrical
Ans Option a.

161 How are animals classified into the sub-groups under Kingdom Animalia ?
a. Depending upon the similarities & differences
b. Based on their mode of nutrition
c. Depending on thier exoskeleton
d. Based on wild and domestic nature

Ans Option a.

162 Fermentation process while conversion of milk into yoghurt ?

a. Saccharomyces cerevisiae b. Bifidobacterium bifidum
c. Acidophilus d. Lactobacillus
Ans Option d.

163 The process of release of energy from the nutrients is called...............

a. Respiration b. Photosynthesis c. Nutrition d. Absorption

Ans Option a.

164 Various similarities like structure of mouth, position of eyes, structure of nostrils and ear pinnae are seen in
animals provide.
a. Anatomical Evidances b. Morphological Evidences
c. Paleontological Evidences d. Embryological Evidences
Ans Option b.

165 Five solar cells are connected in series which produces around 30 A current. So the current across each cell
will be -
1
a.6A b. 30A c. 6
A d. 5 A

Ans Option b.

166 Which enzyme is used to produce vegetarian cheese?

(a) Rennet (b) Lyases (c) Protease (d) Ligase

Ans Option (c)

167 Non-chordates and Chordates are classified based on -

a. Presence or absence of the notochord.
b. Presence or absence of the vertebral column.
c. Presence or absence of the body coelom.
d. Presence or absence of the bone.

Ans Option a.

168 ................ is a substance obtained by microbial processing that roles as artificial sweetener.
(a) Nycin (b) Lysine (c) Xanthenes (d) Xylitol

Ans Option (b)

169 Oral rehydration solution(ORS) contains the following ............... .

a. salt+ water b. sugar+water c. salt+sugar+water d. distilled water

Ans Option c.
170 Cockroach belongs to phylum Arthropoda as [Animals in phylum Arthropoda-cockroach]
a. it has jointed appendages.
b. its head is attached to thorax.
c. it is unisexual.
d. it is diploblastic and bilatrally symmetrical.

Ans Option a.

171 Genetically modified plants are all except ;

[Link] Rice b. BT cotton c. BT brinjal d. Basmati rice

Ans Option d.

172 Which of the following is not an unisexual flower?

a. Coconut b. Papaya c. Gulmohor d. Maize

Ans Which of the following is not an unisexual flower? - Gulmohor

173 ............... reproduces by fragmentation.

a. Hydra b. Planaria c. Spirogyra d. Paramoecium

Ans Spirogyra reproduces by fragmentation.

174 The solar lamp uses the ............... energy.

a. Heat b. Wind c. Light d. Sound

Ans Option c.

175 Ovaries secrete hormone ............... .

a. estrogen b. insulin c. testosterone d. thyroxine

Ans Ovaries secrete hormone estrogen.

176 ................ have the natural ability of decomposing man-made chemicals.

(a) Yeast (b) Microbes (c) Bacteria (d) Enzymes

Ans Option (b)

177 Vegetative propagation is performed with the help of ............... in sweet potato.
a. root b. stem c. leaf d. flower.

Ans Vegetative propagation is performed with the help of Root in sweet potato.

178 Coffee is produced with the help of ...............

(a) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(b) Candida candus
(c) Lactobacillus brevis
(d) Aspergillus niger

Ans Option (c)

179 On breaking down, uranium atom converts into

a. Barium & Krypton b. Barium & Silicon
c. Silicon & Krypton d. Barium & Plutonium
Ans Option a.

180 Karyokinesis is the division of ...............

a. Cytoplasm b. Nucleus c. Cell wall d. Pollen grains

Ans Option b.
181 Continuous consumption of ............... substances causes carcinogenic especially on the mouth and lung.
a. hot b. sweet c. spicy d. tobacco-like

Ans Option d.

182 Forest Conservation Act was enacted in ............... .

a. 1980 b. 1986 c. 2000 d. 1972

Ans Option a.

183 Bat is included in which class ?

a. Amphibia b. Reptilia c. Aves d. Mammalia

Ans Option d.

184 ............... is a aquatic mammal.

a. Scoliodon b. Sea horse c. Shark d. Walrus

Ans Option d.

185 ................. are present in the umbilical cord by which the foetus is joined to the uterus of the mother.
a. Stem cells b. Muscle cells
c. Neuron cells d. Bone cells
Ans Option a.

186 The nuclear membrane disappears completely in ............... .

a. Prophase b. Anaphase c. Metaphase d. Telophase

Ans Option c.

187 At the earliest stage of development, the organism is in the form of a mass of a cells. The cells in the mass
are almost alike, which are called .................
a. stem cells b. RBC
c. WBC d. none of these
Ans Option a.

188 Transfer of information from molecule of DNA to RNA is called as ............... process.
a. Mutation b. Translocation c. Transcription d. Gradual development

Ans Option c.

189 Pollen grains germinate on ................ .

a. stigma b. style c. ovary d. filament

Ans Pollen grains germinate on stigma.

190 Duplicated chromosomes are joined at a point termed ............... .

a. Centrosome b. Centromere c. Centriole d. Chromatid

Ans Option b.

191 Which stain is used to observe onion root cells?

(a) Safranin (b) Acetocarmine (c) Iodine (d) Methylene blue

Ans Option (c)

192 Protein ................. is used to treat anaemia.

a. somatostatin b. factor VIII
c. erythropoietin d. interleukin
Ans Option c.
193 Which of the following is the factor affecting social health
a. Financial Status b. Social safety
c. Social treatment d. All of the above
Ans Option d.

194 What should be done if the gas cylinder at your home catches fire?
(a) Water should be sprinkled.
(b) Sand, soil should be put on it.
(c) Cylinder should be covered with a wet blanket.
(d) One should run away.

Ans Option (c)

195 Food materials like cold drinks, ice-creams, cakes, juices are available in various causes and flaneuse are
derived from.
a. Plants b. Animals c. Flowers d. Microbes

Ans Option d.

196 Which program is run by Salam Mumbai Foundation in Mumbai?

(a) Education (b) Tobacco (c) Cyber crimes (d) Domestic violence

Ans Option (a)

197 Which of the following is an important requirement in organ transplantation?

a. Blood group of recipient b. Diseases of donor
c. Age of donor d. All above
Ans Option d.

198 Once the fission begins by a neutron bombarding, the process continues and is called ?
a. Constant fission b. Fission reaction
c. Chain reaction d. Nuclear consistency
Ans Option b.

199 The Headquarters of National Disaster Response Force is located at ................

(a) Mumbai (b) Delhi (c) Lucknow (d) Bangalore

Ans Option (b)

200 Body of hemichordates is generally divided into

a. proboscis, collar & trunk b. head, notochord & tail
c. probosis, neck & trunk d. probosis, trunk & tail
Ans Option a.

201 Major electricity produced today is by

a. burning natural gas b. coal combustion c. Hydrogen fuel d. Solar panels

Ans Option b.

202 Body organization of ............... animals is referred as ‘Protoplasmic grade’ organization.

a. unicellular b. multicellular
c. higher chordates d. lower non-chordates
Ans Option a.

203 Male germ cells are produced by ............... .

a. pollen grains b. filament c. ovary d. style
Ans Male germ cells are produced by a-pollen grains.

204 Headquarter of National Disaster Response Force is in

a. Delhi b. Mumbai c. Bangalore d. Chennai

Ans Option a.

205 is an important link between emergency measures and national progress.

a. Redemption b. Response
c. Resurgence d. Restoration

Ans c. Resurgence

206 Which plant is used as biofertilizer -

a. Rhizobium b. Azotobacter c. Nostoc d. Azolla

Ans Option d.

207 Cell organelles involved in the cellular respiration are the ............... .
a. mitochondria b. plastids c. ribosomes d. lysosomes

Ans Option a.

208 Transplantation human organs act was passed in

a. 1996 b. 1995 c. 1994 d. 1993

Ans Option c.

209 Which of the following is considered as cyber crime?

a. Taking video before robbing.
b. Hacking confidential information.
c. Taking video of accident.
d. Taking selfie on road.
Ans Option b.

210 A cell stores energy in the form of

a. Potential energy b. Kinetic energy
c. Potential difference d. Charge and current
Ans Option c.

211 A minor change occurs due to change in position of any nucleotide is termed as _______.
(A) transcription (B) translocation
(C) mutation (D) translation

Ans mutation

212 Environment Conservation Act was enacted in ............... .

a. 1980 b. 1986 c. 2000 d. 1972

Ans Option b.

213 Cytokinesis is the division of ............... .

a. cell b. cytoplasm c. cell wall d. nucleus

Ans Option b.

214 Liquor is produced from ...............

(a) alcohol (b) glucose (c) acid (d) salt

Ans Option a.

215
 ................ can accommodate a growing fetus.
a. Ovaries b. Oviducts c. Vagina d. Uterus

Ans uterus can accommodate a growing fetus.

216 Sperms are stored in ............... .

a. testis b. epididymis c. vas deferens d. seminal vesicle

Ans Sperms are stored in epididymis.

217 Which of the following electricity generation process is eco-friendly ?

a. Thermal power process b. Natural gas burning
c. Nuclear fission process d. Solar Thermal process
Ans Option d.

218 In human beings, there are ............... chromosomes.

a. 23 b. 46 c. 22 d.47

Ans In human beings, there are 46 chromosomes.

219 Evolution means ................ .

a. Classification of animals b. Speciation of animals
c. Gradual development d. Development of fossils
Ans Option c.

220 ................. microbes provide organic manure to the paddy fields.

a. Azolla b. Anabaena
c. Azotobacter d. Acetobacter
Ans Option c.

221 In a food chain autotrophic plants are present at the ……………….. level.
a. Tertiary nutrition b. Secondary nutrition c. Producer d. Apex

Ans Option c.

222 Example of phylum Arthropoda is ________.

(A) scorpion (B) starfish
(C) earthworm (D) Hydra

Ans scorpion

223 Difficulty in night vision is due to the deficiency of vitamin ............... .

a. A b. B c. C d. D

Ans Option a.

224 Which of the following actions are rational?

a. Taking selfie on a crowded road.
b. Using mobile phone while eating.
c. Spending hours on mobile phone.
d. Helping elders to cross a road.
Ans Option d.

225
 Which of the following is appropriate to avoid cyber crime?
(a) Not disclosing the PIN of ATM to anyone.
(b) Using pirated software.
(c) Spreading vulgar pictures on WhatsApp.
(d) Opening fake account on Facebook.

Ans Option a.

226 Atomic mass number of uranium that breaks down is -

a. 235 b. 236 c. 234 d. 237

Ans Option b.

227 Seema and Harshal are brother and sister. Their mother is not at home for a whole day. What should Harshal
do?
(a) He should help his sister in household chores.
(b) He should go out to play.
(c) He should play games on cell phone.
(d) He should sleep the whole day.

Ans Option a.

228 Our __________ has been changed to some extent in the age of technology.
a. lifestyle b. habit
c. circumstance d. passion

Ans a. lifestyle

229 In ............... longitudinal binary fission occurs.

a. amoeba b. hydra c. euglena d. paramecium

Ans In euglena longitudinal binary fission occurs.

230 What is true about stem cells ?

a. they are Primary type of undifferentiated cells
b. They have self-multiplying ability
c. Are parent cells of all types of human cells.
d. All of the above are true

Ans Option d.

231 Speed of the wind turbine will depend on -

a. energy b. momentum c. velocity d. blade size

Ans Option c.

232 Sewage genes affected our house or apartment should be disposed off is expect -
a. Lau fills b. Ores hands c. Rivers d. Dumping area

Ans Option d.

233 The genetic disorders like sickle cell anemia is the result of -
a. Mutation [Link] [Link] [Link]

Ans Option a.

234 Type of sexual reproduction is ................

a. Fragmentation b. Regeneration c. Gamete formation d. Budding

Ans Type of sexual reproduction is gamete formation.

235 Cell division occurring in somatic cells is ............... .

a. mitosis b. meiosis c. diakinesis d. diplotene
Ans Option a.

236 Exoskeleton is absent in

a. Dolphin b. Pomfret c. Turtle d. Salamander

Ans Option d.

237 Lactobacillus brevis gives us the beverage _______.

(A) cocoa (B) coffee (C) wine (D) cider

Ans (B) coffee

238 All of the following are biological disasters except

a. Infectious diseases b. Forest fire c. Tsunami d. Plague

Ans Option c.

239 Subtance prepared by using dry yeast on commercial basis is

a. Bread b. Yoghurt c. Vinegar d. Cheese

Ans Option a.

240 IT Act-2000 : This act has been enacted since -

a. 17th October b. 26th January c. 15th august d. 2nd October

Ans Option a.

241 Cheese formed after ripening for 12-18 months is known as

a. Cream cheese b. Semi-hard cheese
c. Parmesan cheese d. None of these
Ans Option c.

242 How many pair of chromosomes are found in human?

(a) 22 (b) 44 (c) 23 (d) 46

Ans Option (c)

243 ................ cheese is formed after ripening for 12 – 18 months.

(a) Mozzarella (b) Cheddar (c) Parmesan (d) Cottage

Ans Option (c)

244 Action of National Disaster Response Force is in all over the country with the help of
a. Army b. Navy c. Police force d. There is a separate unit for this

Ans Option a.

245 The Hydroelectric capacity of Koyna dam is ...............

a. 2400 MW b. 1960 MW c. 1900 MW d. 1961 MW

Ans

Option B

246
 Which are the characteristics of the f phylum hemichordate?
a. Also called as ‘acorn worms’
b. Notochord is present in proboscis
c. They are unisexual
d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

247 Continuous consumption of alcoholic & tobacco materials lead to -

a. Addiction
b. Impairs efficiency of nervous system and liver
c. Hinders ability of memorization and learning
d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

248 Who is responsible is responsible for designing the schemes for each district, separately for each type of
disaster and getting those sanctioned from state-level authorities.
a. District Collector b. Tahsildar c. Chief minister d. Sarpanch

Ans Option a.

249 Which of the following is absent in RNA ?

a. Adenine b. Guanine c. Uracil d. Thymine

Ans Option d.

250 The cyclical process is also called as ____________

a) Hans cylce b) Krebs cycles c) TCA cycle d) energy currency

Ans krebs cycle

251 Vestigial organ ............... present in human body is proof of evolution.

a. Gradual development b. Appendix c. Gene d. Ribosome

Ans Option b.

252 Which of the following is not a type of energy ?

a. Chemical b. Electrical c. Heat d. Sunlight

Ans Option d.

253 The cellular respiration takes place in ...............

a. Lysosome b. Mitochondrion c. Chlorophyll d. Ribosome

Ans Option b.

254 Calcareous spines are present on the body of -

a. Tortoise b. Ascaris c. Star-fish d. Herdmania

Ans Option c.

255 In solar panels, cells can be connected.

a. In series only b. In parallel only
c. In series as well as parallel d. In chain form inside the panel
Ans Option c.

256 In which of the following industries, microbial enzymes are not used?
(a) Glass industry (b) Tanning industry (c) Cheese industry (d) Paper industry

Ans Option (a)

257 ............... keeps the nerve tissue isolated from remaining body.
a. Ganglions b. Notochord c. Nerves d. Coelom

Ans Option b.

258 Which of the following is a man-made disaster ?

a. Earthquake b. Flood c. Meteoric d. Leakage of toxic gases

Ans Option d.

259 ............... is not the component of Air pollution.

a. Ash b. Carbon c. Tar d. Lead

Ans Option c.

260 The enzyme ................ is used to produce vegetarian cheese.

(a) rennet (b) lyase (c) protease (d) ligase

Ans Option (c)

261 Apiculture is
a. Bee farming b. Soilless farming
c. Worm farming d. None of the above
Ans Option a.

262 The Collector belongs to ............... level of disaster management authority.

(a) village (b) district (c) state (d) taluka

Ans Option (b)

263 Characters of Cyclostomata are

a. Un paired appendages b. Cartilaginous Exoskeleton
c. Endoparasitism d. Scaly skin
Ans Option a.

264 Which of the following activities are good for social well being -
a. Fostering Various Hobbies
b. Physical activities like Sports, exercises, yoga, gardening
c. Learning and listening to music
d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

265 ............... form the colonies of useful microbes in alimentary canal and control other microbes and their
metabolic activities, improve resistance.
a. Carbohydrate b. Vitamins c. Probiotics d. Proteins

Ans Option c.

266 The apex consumer is ................

a. Eagle b. Frog c. Snake d. Grasshopper

Ans Option a.

267 Which is true about Herbicide tolerant plants.

a. Selectively destroy the weeds
b. They have beneficisl effects on crops
c. They have harmful effects on crops as well
d. Nothing like this exists

Ans Option a.
268 Animal with bilateral symmetry in ...............
a. Star fish b. Human
c. Paramoecium d. Amoeba
Ans Option b.

269 Remnants and impressions of buried organisms existed millions of years ago remain preserved
underground are called as -
a. Fossils b. Carbon consumption of animals c. Manuscripts d. Connecting Links

Ans Option a.

270 Cytology includes

a. structure, types and organelles of the cell
b. study of cell division
c. many other aspects of the cell
d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

271 Salaam Mumbai Foundation runs programs for ................ in a slum area.
(a) education (b) tobacco (c) cyber crimes (d) domestic violence

Ans Option a.

272

The part in the above figure which is a vestigial organ is called as-
a. Appendix b. Coccyx c. Ear muscles d. Ear Pinna

Ans Option c.

273 Hail storm is a ................ type of disaster.

(a) atmospheric (b) geological (c) biological (d) Man-made

Ans Option (b)

274 ............... is the largest organization engaged in environmental activities.

a. BNHS b. UNEP c. WWF d. Green Peace
Ans Option d.

275 Which of the following is not a homeotherm?

a. Penguin b. Hawk c. Rohu d. Walrus

Ans Option c.

276 All of the following is true about biotechnology except -

a. Uses abilities of microbes like yoghurt production from milk and alcohol from molasses.
b. Production of antibiotics and vaccines, etc. with the help of specific cells.
c. Use of bio-molecules like DNA and proteins in human welfare.
d. Used to create entirely new organ.

Ans Option d.

277 ________ is used in the commercial bakery industry.

a. Compressed yeast. b. Algae
c. Bacteria d. Microbes

Ans a. Compressed yeast.

278 Golden rice contains .................

a. vitamin D b. vitamin B
c. proteins d. vitamin A
Ans Option d.

279 Non-chordates are sub-divided in ............... phyla.

a. six b. nine c. ten d. eleven

Ans Option c.

280 Regeneration occurs in _______.

(A) Amoeba (B) Paramoecium
(C) Euglena (D) Planaria

Ans (D) Planaria

281 Octopuss cannot perform the function of [Animals in phylum Mollusca-Octopuss]

a. walking b. screeching c. swimming d. creeping

Ans Option d.

282 Salaam Mumbai Foundation -

Runs programs in various schools in Mumbai to empower the children living in slum area in the field of
a.
education, sports, arts and business.
b. Has made some districts in Maharashtra completely tobacco-free through hard work.
It is being implemented with the help of Government in about 200 schools in Mumbai and 14000 schools in
c.
the rest of Maharashtra.
d. All of the above
Ans Option d.

283 The process of meiosis takes place to produce ............... .

a. cells of the body b. cells of the brain
c. sperms and ova d. testes and ovary
Ans Option c.

284 World Biodiversity Day is celebrated on ............... .

a. 22nd May b. 5th June c. 23rd May d. 22nd April

Ans Option a.
285 All of the following are destructive effects of flood except -
a. Collapsing of bridges
b. Developing cracks in the land
c. Flooding of coastal villages
d. Shortage of food

Ans Option b.

286 All of the following are geophysical disasters except

a. Poisonous gases b. Earthquakes c. Alkalization d. Volcano

Ans Option a.

287 Fossil fuel used in day-to-day life is -

a. Sunlight b. CNG c. Coal d. Generator

Ans Option b.

288 The act to curb cyber crime is

a. IT Act-2000 b. Consumer Protection act
c. RTI act d. None of the above
Ans Option a.

289 is an important link between measures after disaster and national development.
a. Redemption b. Response
c. Resurgence d. Restoration

Ans d. Restoration

290 Salaam Mumbai Foundation was established in -

a. 1947 b. 1963 c. 2000 d. 2015

Ans Option c.

291
 Which of the following diagram explains the inheritance of acquired characteristics ?

a.

Some animals with special characteristics

b.

Structure of ground level

c.

Structure of bones

d.

Giraffe

Ans Option d.

292 Koyana Dam is an example for

a. Lake-tapping b. Water reservation
c. Pumping station d. Thermal power plant
Ans Option a.

293 Classification proposed by Aristotle is known as ‘................’.

a. Kingdom Classification b. General Classification
c. Synthetic method d. Artificial method
Ans Option d.

294 Plants like ................. are used as biofertilizers.

a. Rhizobium b. Azotobacter
c. Nostoc d. Azolla
Ans Option d.
295 Which of the following belongs to the vulnerable species?
a. Red panda b. Lion tailed monkey c. Lion d. Giant squirrel

Ans Option c.

296 Which of the following is not an organic component of the ecosystem ?

a. Proteins b. Carbohydrates c. Fats d. Oxygen

Ans Option d.

297 The process of fusion of gametes is called ................ .

a. fertilization b. germination c. regeneration d. fragmentation

Ans The process of fusion of gametes is called fertilization.

298 Which of the following are unicellular ?

a. Chlorella b. Paramoecium c. Peripatus d. Both a and b

Ans Option d.

299 Citric acid used in production of beverages, toffees, chocolates is obtained by fermentation of ................ by
aspergillus niger.
a. Grapes b. Sugar molasses c. Apple d. Coffee nuts

Ans Option b.

300 Which animal does not posses the regenerative characters?

a. Planaria b. Wall Lizard c. Sycon Sponge d. Leech

Ans Option d.

301 In nuclear fission, …………… is the basic particle bombarded on the atom.
a. proton b. electron c. neutron d. deuteron

Ans Option c.

302 ……………….. is a connecting link between annelida and arthropoda.

a. Duck-billed platypus b. Peripatus c. Lungfish d. Whale

Ans Option b.

303 For the purpose of preservation, stem cell samples are kept in .................
a. liquid oxygen b. hydrogen
c. liquid chlorine d. liquid nitrogen
Ans Option d.

304 Which of the following is used in solar cooker to harvest the solar energy?
a. Solar panels b. Silicon cell c. Mirrors d. Glass lid

Ans Option c.

305 Stem cells are preserved in

a. preserved in liquid hydrogen at -1350C to -1900C
b. preserved in liquid nitrogen at -1350C to -1900C
c. preserved in liquid propane at -1350C to -1900C
d. preserved in refrigerator at -50C to- 100C

Ans Option b.

306
 Which is not one of the benefits of animal classification ?
a. Study of animals becomes convenient.
b. It gives idea about animal evolution.
c. It helps in better exploitation of animals.
d. Animals can be easily identified with great accuracy.

Ans Option c.

307 All of the following are biological disasters of animal origin except -
a. Hepatitis b. Fungal disease spreading c. Cholera d. Plague

Ans Option b.

308 Which of the following organ can be donated by human beings during their life time?
a. Lung b. Liver
c. Kidney d. Eyes
Ans Option c.

309 ................ occurred after a blast in the atomic energy plant at Chernobyl in Russia.
(a) Gas leakage (b) Fire (c) Flooding (d) Radiation leakage

Ans Option (d)

310 Property of stem cells to develop into specific type of cells is called .................
a. totipotency b. pleuripotency
c. regeneration d. transplantation

Ans Option b.

311 In ............... process cyst is formed.

a. budding b. binary fission c. regeneration d. multiple fission

Ans In multiple fission process cyst is formed.

312 Phenylketonuria is caused due to genetic changes in .................

a. erythrocytes b. hepatocytes
c. keratinocytes d. enterocytes
Ans Option b.

313 What should be done if the gas cylinder at your home catches fire?
a. Water should be sprinkled.
b. Sand, soil should be put at it.
c. Cylinder should be covered with wet blanket.
d. One should run away.

Ans Option c.

314 ............... are connecting links between chordates and non-chordates.

a. Cephalochordates b. Hemichordates c. Urochordates d. Craniata

Ans Option b.

315 In which of the following industries, microbial enzymes are not used?
a. Glass industry b. Cheese industry c. Tanning industry d. Paper industry.

Ans Option a.

316
 Which products form green energy ?
a. Conventional b. Combustible c. Radioactive d. Eco-friendly

Ans Option d.

317 ............... is used in the preparation of bread.

(a) Streptococcus thermophiles
(b) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(c) Bifidobacterium bifidum
(d) Lactobacillus casei

Ans Option (b)

318 Organs that cannot be donated during life time are all except
a. Kidney b. Liver c. Eyes d. Heart

Ans Option a.

319 Somatic and stem cells undergo ……………….. type of division.

a.. meiosis b. mitosis c. budding d. cloning

Ans Somatic and stem cells undergo mitosis type of division.

320 Providing first aid is a measure under the ............... phase in disaster management.
(a) warning (b) transitional (c) emergency (d) political

Ans Option (c)

321 The exchange of respiratory gases occur by the ............... in the plants.
a. Air pores b. Stomata c. Lenticels d. Diffusion

Ans Option d.

322 According to WHO definition of health is a state of -

a. Physical and mental well being
b. Social well Being
c. Absence of disease or infirmity
d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

323 The ................ is the Chairman of the Village level committee under disaster management authority.
(a) Tahsildar (b) Sarpanch (c) Gram sevak (d) Village Patil

Ans Option (b)

324 ................ is man-made disaster.

(a) Earthquake (b) Flood (c) Leakage of poisonous gas (d) Meteor shower

Ans Option (c)

325 All of the following are the methods of carrying victims at the site of accident except
a. Jaw thrust method b. Cradle method
c. Carrying on backs d. Carrying on two hands
Ans Option a.

326 Which of the following vitamin is necessary for synthesis of NADH2?

a. Vitamin B2 b. Vitamin B5 c. Vitamin C d. Vitamin K

Ans Option b.
327 The given figure provides essential evidence regarding the evolution of species from one form to another
which are referred to as-
a. Anatomical Evidences b. Morphological Evidences
c. Paleontological Evidences d. embryological Evidences

Ans Option d.

328 Which website should we visit to file the complaint against cyber crime ?
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
Ans Option a.

329 Salts which can be used as supplement of calcium and iron are obtained from ________.
a. carbonic acid b. acetic acid
c. citric acid d. gluconic acid

Ans d. gluconic acid

330 What will you do, if the domestic gas cylinder bursts?
a. Sprinkle water.
b. Throw soil or sand.
c. Cover the cylinder with wet bed sheet.
d. Run away.

Ans Option c.

331 Heart in chordates is present on ............... side of body.

a. dorsal b. ventral c. dorso-ventral d. lateral

Ans Option b.

332 In ............... pollen is transferred from one flower to another flower of the same plant.
a. cross pollination b. self-pollination c. fertilization d. germination

Ans In self-pollination pollen is transferred from one flower to another flower of the same plant.

333 Which of the following form a connecting links between two groups of animals ?
a. Platipus b. Peripatus c. Gillfish d. a and b both

Ans Option d.
334 Cell organelle necessary for complete oxidation of glucose is ...............
a. mitochondria b. plastids c. ribosomes d. golgi body

Ans Option a.

335 Most of the disasters have occurred in the ................ continent.

(a) Australia (b) Europe (c) Asia (d) Africa

Ans Option (c)

336 Which of the following is considered as the first example of wise-man ?

a. Cro-Magnon man b. Austrelopithecus c. Neanderthal man d. Homo sapiens

Ans Option c.

337 Nowadays, ................ are used for treatment of diarrhoea and treatment of poultry also.
(a) yoghurt (b) probiotics (c) vinegar (d) cheese

Ans Option (b)

338 Which of the following accounts for cyber crime

Consumers are deceived by showing superior items on websites but actually selling the items of either
a.
inferior quality or impaired ones.
[Link] transactions are done using PIN without the knowledge of consumers.
Opening a fake account on Facebook and displaying false information and thereby teasing the girls or
c.
exploiting them financially.
[Link] of the above
Ans Option d.

339 The ............... aspect of disaster management cycle includes planning for minimizing damage to the society
and country.
(a) response (b) resurgence (c) restoration (d) redemption

Ans Option (d)

340 Wine is produced by the fermentation of ................

(a) sugarcane molasses (b) grapes (c) apple (d) beet

Ans Option (b)

341 Which of the following is not a class under Vertebrata ?

a. Cyclostomata b. Reptilia c. Cephalochordata d. Mammalia

Ans Option c.

342 The disaster management act was passed in India in the year:
(a) 2002 (b) 2004 (c) 2005 (d) 2007

Ans Option (c)

343 Which of the following is objective of first aid ?

a. Preventing deterioration of condition of victims of disaster
b. Saving lives
c. Relieving the pains
d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

344 ................ is the female reproductive part of the flower.

a. Sepal b. Petal c. Stamen d. Carpel
Ans Carpel is the female reproductive part of the flower.

345 may arise due to excessive use of mobile phones.

a. Headache b. Problem in vision
c. Joint pains d. All above

Ans d. All above

346 Which special cells are present in the body of sponges (Porifera)?
a. Collar cells. b. Cnidoblasts. c. Germ cells. d. Ectodermal cells

Ans Option a.

347 Alcoholic person lacks the thinking.

a. straight b. rational
c. universal d. spiritual

Ans b. rational

348 ............... is considered as connecting link between non-chordates and chordates.

a. Balanoglossus b. Doliolum c. Cephalochordate d. Petromyzon

Ans Option a.

349 Volcano is a ............... disaster.

a. social b. political c. biological d. geological

Ans d. geological

350 Haploid gametes are formed in the process of ............... .

a. fertilization b. germination c. meiosis d. mitosis

Ans Haploid gametes are formed in the process of meiosis.

351 ................ is a clean, smokeless fuel obtained from molasses.

(a) Acetone (b) Ethanol (c) Petrol (d) Diesel

Ans Option (b)

352 Who is responsible for designing the schemes for each district, separately for each type of disaster and
getting those sanctioned from state-level authorities ?
a. District Collector b. Tahsildar c. Chief minister d. Sarpanch

Ans Option a.

353 ................. is not a biofertilizer.

a. Rhizobium b. Nostoc
c. Anabaena d. [Link]
Ans Option d.

354 Current is constant through all the cells when

a. Potential difference is high b. Potential difference is low
c. Connected in series d. Connected in parallel
Ans Option c.

355 In human beings, there are ............... chromosomes.

a. 23 b. 46 c. 22 d. 47

Ans Option b.

356
 ................ divisions of National Disaster Response Forces are working in the country.
(a) 10 (b) 11 (c) 12 (d) 30

Ans Option (c)

357 Meiosis is also known as ............... .

a. Equational division b. Reductional division
c. Meristematic cells d. None of the above
Ans Option b.

358 Which of the following animals can regenerate it’s broken body part ?
a. Cockroach b. Frog c. Sparrow d. Star fish

Ans Option d.

359 Cheese used in western kind of food is ...............

a. Cheddar b. Cottage c. Mozzarella d. Yoghurt

Ans Option b.

360 Practicing Yoga implies

a. Asanas and pranayam
b. Includes discipline, balanced and good food,
c. Meditation
d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

361 Which of the following is man-made disaster ?

a. Forced migration b. Floods c. Infectious diseases d. Erosion

Ans Option a.

362 Least energy is generated around the world, from -

a. Coal b. Natural Gas c. Solar d. Petroleum

Ans Option d.

363 Which of the following is first example of class Homo sapiens?

a. Neanderthal b. Dryopithecus c. Cro Magnon d. Ramapithecus

Ans Option a.

364 Chemically, Vinegar is 4% ............... acid.

(a) gluconic (b) amino (c) acetic (d) citric

Ans Option (c)

365 Which of the following shows anatomical/superficial similarity to that of a human hand ?
a. Cat’s foreleg b. Patagium of bat c. Flipper of whale d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

366 All are man made disasters except

a. Child labor b. Rapes c. Terrorism d. Hail storms

Ans Option d.

367
 Mock drill includes which of the following activities ?
a. Demonstrations like extinguishing the fire.
b. Rescuing the people trapped at higher floors of buildings.
c. Rescuing the persons whose clothing have caught fire.
d. All of the above.

Ans Option d.

368 Which Protein is used to treat anaemia?

a. Somatostatin b. Factor VIII c. Erythropoietin d. Interleukin

Ans Option c.

369 Amendment in IT Act -2000 was made in -

a. 2008 b. 2000 c. 1947 d. 2010

Ans Option a.

370 Chemical Formula of vinegar -

a. CH3COOH b. CH3 (CO)2 c. CH3 (CH2)2 CH2 d. CH3CHO

Ans Option a.

371 Planaria reproduces by ................. .

a. binary fission b. regeneration c. spore formation d. budding

Ans Planaria reproduces by regeneration.

372 The proof for the fact that protein synthesis occurs through ............... was given by George Beadle and
Edward Tatum.
a. Gene b. Ribosome c. RNA d. Transcription

Ans Option a.

373 Partial or complete collapse of a building is an example of ............... type of disaster.

(a) social (b) environmental (c) medical (d) political

Ans Option (b)

374 Excessive use of mobile phones leads to

a. Radiation damage to body
b. People become solitary
c. People cannot establish harmonious relationships with others
d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

375 ................ is obtained by microbial process by Lactobacillus delbrueckii.

(a) Itaconic acid (b) Lactic acid (c) Gluconic acid (d) Citric acid

Ans Option (b)

376 Which of the following belongs to phylum Aschelminthes ?

a. Animals in phylum Annelida-Nereis
b. Animals in phylum Ascheminthes-female Ascaris
c. Animals in Cnidaria phylum-Sea anemone
d. Animals in phylum Platyhelminthes-Liverfluke

Ans Option b.

377 Which of the following is not the source of green energy?

a. Wind b. Natural gas c. Sunlight d. Fossil fuel.
Ans Option d.

378 The spindle fibres start appearing from ............... stage of karyokinesis.
a. Prophase b. Metaphase c. Anaphase d. Telophase

Ans Option b.

379 Which of the following animals’ body shows bilateral symmetry?

a. Star fish b. Jelly fish c. Earthworm d. Sponge

Ans Option c.

380 Soya sauce is prepared by fermentation of ................ and soyabean.

(a) gram flour (b) rice flour (c) wheat flour (d) mixture of wheat and rice flour

Ans Option (d)

381 Which organizations are active against tobacco consumption

a. World Health Organisation b. TATA Trust
c. Both of the above d. None of the above
Ans Option c.

382 ............... is used as a low calories artificial sweetner.

a. Lactose b. Sucrose c. Xylitol d. Fructose

Ans Option c.

383 Atomic power plant in Maharashtra is _______.

(A) Chandrapur (B) Koyana
(C) Tarapur (D) Anjanwel

Ans Tarapur

384 Corals are ...............

a. Echinoderm b. Arthropods. c. Cnidarian. d. Moluuscan.

Ans Option c.

385 ……………….. is a cold blooded animal.

a. Bat b. Snake c. Rabbit d. Elephant

Ans Option b.

386 ................ a by - product of fermentation is a biopesticide.

a. Spinosad b. Lactose c. Butyric Acid d. Ethanol

Ans Option a.

387 Due to which similar characteristic honey bee and cockroach are included in the same phylum?
a. wings b. three pairs of legs c. jointed appendages d. antenna

Ans Option c.

388 Which of the following is medicinal plant -

a. Eucalyptus b. Adulsa c. Cinchona d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

389 Dams are built to increase

a. Potential energy b. Kinetic energy
c. Water quantity d. Chemical energy
Ans Option a.
390 Pregnant mother supplies nourishment to her foetus through the _________.
a. uterus b. placenta c. ovary d. oviduct

Ans b. placenta

391 Chemical energy can be stored in

a. compounds b. generator c. Invertor d. Magnet

Ans Option a.

392 The causality behind the sudden changes was understood due to ............... theory of Hugo de Vries.
a. Mutation b. Translocation of DNA
c. Formation of RNA d. Translational process of DNA
Ans Option a.

393 Which of the following vegetable is used for production of edible vaccine ?
a. BT Brinjal b. Brocolli c. Potato d. Cauliflower

Ans Option c.

394 What does the following diagram represent ?

a. Mutation b. Translocation of DNA

c. Formation of mRNA d. Translational process of DNA
Ans Option c.

395 The ............... sweet potato gives rise to new plant.

a. roots b. stem c. leaves d. buds

Ans The roots sweet potato gives rise to new plant.

396 Annelida and all phyla coming after Annelida are ............... and before Annelida are ............... except for
Aschelminthes which are ...............
a. coelomate, eucoelomate, acoelomate
b. pseudocoelomate, acoelomate, eucoelomate
c. coelomate, psedocoelomate, acoelomate
d. eucoelomate, acoelomate, pseudocoelomate

Ans Option d.

397 All of the following are the international organizations that work for disaster management except.
a. United Nations Disaster Relief Organization
b. World Health Organization
c. United Nations Centre for Human Settlements
d. All of the above

Ans Option d.

398 The nuclear fuel used in nuclear power plants is ...............

a. gasoline b. uranium c. radium d. cesium

Ans Option b.
399 Rifamycin is effective against ................
a. Cholera b. Typhoid c. Diarrhoea d. Tuberculosis

Ans Option d.

400 Humans are

a. Bilaterally symmetrical b. Asymmetrical
c. Radially symmetrical d. Tri-symmetrical
Ans Option a.

401 How are animals classified into the sub-groups under Kingdom Animalia ?
a. Depending upon the similarities & differences
b. Based on their mode of nutrition
c. Depending on thier exoskeleton
d. Based on wild and domestic nature

Ans Option a.

402 Fermentation process while conversion of milk into yoghurt ?

a. Saccharomyces cerevisiae b. Bifidobacterium bifidum
c. Acidophilus d. Lactobacillus
Ans Option d.

403 The process of release of energy from the nutrients is called...............

a. Respiration b. Photosynthesis c. Nutrition d. Absorption

Ans Option a.

404 Various similarities like structure of mouth, position of eyes, structure of nostrils and ear pinnae are seen in
animals provide.
a. Anatomical Evidances b. Morphological Evidences
c. Paleontological Evidences d. Embryological Evidences
Ans Option b.

405 Five solar cells are connected in series which produces around 30 A current. So the current across each cell
will be -
1
a.6A b. 30A c. A d. 5 A
6

Ans Option b.

406 Which enzyme is used to produce vegetarian cheese?

(a) Rennet (b) Lyases (c) Protease (d) Ligase

Ans Option (c)

407 Non-chordates and Chordates are classified based on -

a. Presence or absence of the notochord.
b. Presence or absence of the vertebral column.
c. Presence or absence of the body coelom.
d. Presence or absence of the bone.

Ans Option a.

408 ................ is a substance obtained by microbial processing that roles as artificial sweetener.
(a) Nycin (b) Lysine (c) Xanthenes (d) Xylitol

Ans Option (b)

409
 Oral rehydration solution(ORS) contains the following ............... .
a. salt+ water b. sugar+water c. salt+sugar+water d. distilled water

Ans Option c.

410 Cockroach belongs to phylum Arthropoda as [Animals in phylum Arthropoda-cockroach]

a. it has jointed appendages.
b. its head is attached to thorax.
c. it is unisexual.
d. it is diploblastic and bilatrally symmetrical.

Ans Option a.

411 Genetically modified plants are all except ;

[Link] Rice b. BT cotton c. BT brinjal d. Basmati rice

Ans Option d.

412 Which of the following is not an unisexual flower?

a. Coconut b. Papaya c. Gulmohor d. Maize

Ans Which of the following is not an unisexual flower? - Gulmohor

413 ............... reproduces by fragmentation.

a. Hydra b. Planaria c. Spirogyra d. Paramoecium

Ans Spirogyra reproduces by fragmentation.

414 The solar lamp uses the ............... energy.

a. Heat b. Wind c. Light d. Sound

Ans Option c.

415 Ovaries secrete hormone ............... .

a. estrogen b. insulin c. testosterone d. thyroxine

Ans Ovaries secrete hormone estrogen.

416 ................ have the natural ability of decomposing man-made chemicals.

(a) Yeast (b) Microbes (c) Bacteria (d) Enzymes

Ans Option (b)

417 Vegetative propagation is performed with the help of ............... in sweet potato.
a. root b. stem c. leaf d. flower.

Ans Vegetative propagation is performed with the help of Root in sweet potato.

418 Coffee is produced with the help of ...............

(a) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(b) Candida candus
(c) Lactobacillus brevis
(d) Aspergillus niger

Ans Option (c)

419 On breaking down, uranium atom converts into

a. Barium & Krypton b. Barium & Silicon
c. Silicon & Krypton d. Barium & Plutonium
Ans Option a.

420 Karyokinesis is the division of ...............

a. Cytoplasm b. Nucleus c. Cell wall d. Pollen grains
Ans Option b.

421 Continuous consumption of ............... substances causes carcinogenic especially on the mouth and lung.
a. hot b. sweet c. spicy d. tobacco-like

Ans Option d.

422 Forest Conservation Act was enacted in ............... .

a. 1980 b. 1986 c. 2000 d. 1972

Ans Option a.

423 Bat is included in which class ?

a. Amphibia b. Reptilia c. Aves d. Mammalia

Ans Option d.

424 ............... is a aquatic mammal.

a. Scoliodon b. Sea horse c. Shark d. Walrus

Ans Option d.

425 ................. are present in the umbilical cord by which the foetus is joined to the uterus of the mother.
a. Stem cells b. Muscle cells
c. Neuron cells d. Bone cells
Ans Option a.

426 The nuclear membrane disappears completely in ............... .

a. Prophase b. Anaphase c. Metaphase d. Telophase

Ans Option c.

427 At the earliest stage of development, the organism is in the form of a mass of a cells. The cells in the mass
are almost alike, which are called .................
a. stem cells b. RBC
c. WBC d. none of these
Ans Option a.

428 Transfer of information from molecule of DNA to RNA is called as ............... process.
a. Mutation b. Translocation c. Transcription d. Gradual development

Ans Option c.

429 Pollen grains germinate on ................ .

a. stigma b. style c. ovary d. filament

Ans Pollen grains germinate on stigma.

430 Duplicated chromosomes are joined at a point termed ............... .

a. Centrosome b. Centromere c. Centriole d. Chromatid

Ans Option b.

431 Which stain is used to observe onion root cells?

(a) Safranin (b) Acetocarmine (c) Iodine (d) Methylene blue

Ans Option (c)

432 Protein ................. is used to treat anaemia.

a. somatostatin b. factor VIII
c. erythropoietin d. interleukin
Ans Option c.

433 Which of the following is the factor affecting social health

a. Financial Status b. Social safety
c. Social treatment d. All of the above
Ans Option d.

434 What should be done if the gas cylinder at your home catches fire?
(a) Water should be sprinkled.
(b) Sand, soil should be put on it.
(c) Cylinder should be covered with a wet blanket.
(d) One should run away.

Ans Option (c)

435 Food materials like cold drinks, ice-creams, cakes, juices are available in various causes and flaneuse are
derived from.
a. Plants b. Animals c. Flowers d. Microbes

Ans Option d.

436 Which program is run by Salam Mumbai Foundation in Mumbai?

(a) Education (b) Tobacco (c) Cyber crimes (d) Domestic violence

Ans Option (a)

437 Which of the following is an important requirement in organ transplantation?

a. Blood group of recipient b. Diseases of donor
c. Age of donor d. All above
Ans Option d.

438 Once the fission begins by a neutron bombarding, the process continues and is called ?
a. Constant fission b. Fission reaction
c. Chain reaction d. Nuclear consistency
Ans Option b.

439 The Headquarters of National Disaster Response Force is located at ................

(a) Mumbai (b) Delhi (c) Lucknow (d) Bangalore

Ans Option (b)

440 Body of hemichordates is generally divided into

a. proboscis, collar & trunk b. head, notochord & tail
c. probosis, neck & trunk d. probosis, trunk & tail
Ans Option a.

441 Major electricity produced today is by

a. burning natural gas b. coal combustion c. Hydrogen fuel d. Solar panels

Ans Option b.

442 Body organization of ............... animals is referred as ‘Protoplasmic grade’ organization.

a. unicellular b. multicellular
c. higher chordates d. lower non-chordates
Ans Option a.
443 Male germ cells are produced by ............... .
a. pollen grains b. filament c. ovary d. style

Ans Male germ cells are produced by a-pollen grains.

444 Headquarter of National Disaster Response Force is in

a. Delhi b. Mumbai c. Bangalore d. Chennai

Ans Option a.

445 is an important link between emergency measures and national progress.

a. Redemption b. Response
c. Resurgence d. Restoration

Ans c. Resurgence

446 Which plant is used as biofertilizer -

a. Rhizobium b. Azotobacter c. Nostoc d. Azolla

Ans Option d.

447 Cell organelles involved in the cellular respiration are the ............... .
a. mitochondria b. plastids c. ribosomes d. lysosomes

Ans Option a.

448 Transplantation human organs act was passed in

a. 1996 b. 1995 c. 1994 d. 1993

Ans Option c.

449 Which of the following is considered as cyber crime?

a. Taking video before robbing.
b. Hacking confidential information.
c. Taking video of accident.
d. Taking selfie on road.
Ans Option b.

450 A cell stores energy in the form of

a. Potential energy b. Kinetic energy
c. Potential difference d. Charge and current
Ans Option c.

451 A minor change occurs due to change in position of any nucleotide is termed as _______.
(A) transcription (B) translocation
(C) mutation (D) translation

Ans mutation

452 Environment Conservation Act was enacted in ............... .

a. 1980 b. 1986 c. 2000 d. 1972

Ans Option b.

453 Cytokinesis is the division of ............... .

a. cell b. cytoplasm c. cell wall d. nucleus

Ans Option b.
454 Liquor is produced from ...............
(a) alcohol (b) glucose (c) acid (d) salt

Ans Option a.

455 ................ can accommodate a growing fetus.

a. Ovaries b. Oviducts c. Vagina d. Uterus

Ans uterus can accommodate a growing fetus.

456 Sperms are stored in ............... .

a. testis b. epididymis c. vas deferens d. seminal vesicle

Ans Sperms are stored in epididymis.

457 Which of the following electricity generation process is eco-friendly ?

a. Thermal power process b. Natural gas burning
c. Nuclear fission process d. Solar Thermal process
Ans Option d.

458 In human beings, there are ............... chromosomes.

a. 23 b. 46 c. 22 d.47

Ans In human beings, there are 46 chromosomes.

459 Evolution means ................ .

a. Classification of animals b. Speciation of animals
c. Gradual development d. Development of fossils
Ans Option c.

460 ................. microbes provide organic manure to the paddy fields.

a. Azolla b. Anabaena
c. Azotobacter d. Acetobacter
Ans Option c.

461 In a food chain autotrophic plants are present at the ……………….. level.
a. Tertiary nutrition b. Secondary nutrition c. Producer d. Apex

Ans Option c.

462 Example of phylum Arthropoda is ________.

(A) scorpion (B) starfish
(C) earthworm (D) Hydra

Ans scorpion

463 Difficulty in night vision is due to the deficiency of vitamin ............... .

a. A b. B c. C d. D

Ans Option a.

464 Which of the following actions are rational?

a. Taking selfie on a crowded road.
b. Using mobile phone while eating.
c. Spending hours on mobile phone.
d. Helping elders to cross a road.
Ans Option d.

465
 Which of the following is appropriate to avoid cyber crime?
(a) Not disclosing the PIN of ATM to anyone.
(b) Using pirated software.
(c) Spreading vulgar pictures on WhatsApp.
(d) Opening fake account on Facebook.

Ans Option a.

466 Atomic mass number of uranium that breaks down is -

a. 235 b. 236 c. 234 d. 237

Ans Option b.

467 Seema and Harshal are brother and sister. Their mother is not at home for a whole day. What should Harshal
do?
(a) He should help his sister in household chores.
(b) He should go out to play.
(c) He should play games on cell phone.
(d) He should sleep the whole day.

Ans Option a.

468 Our __________ has been changed to some extent in the age of technology.
a. lifestyle b. habit
c. circumstance d. passion

Ans a. lifestyle

469 In ............... longitudinal binary fission occurs.

a. amoeba b. hydra c. euglena d. paramecium

Ans In euglena longitudinal binary fission occurs.

470 What is true about stem cells ?

a. they are Primary type of undifferentiated cells
b. They have self-multiplying ability
c. Are parent cells of all types of human cells.
d. All of the above are true

Ans Option d.

471 Speed of the wind turbine will depend on -

a. energy b. momentum c. velocity d. blade size

Ans Option c.

472 Sewage genes affected our house or apartment should be disposed off is expect -
a. Lau fills b. Ores hands c. Rivers d. Dumping area

Ans Option d.

473 The genetic disorders like sickle cell anemia is the result of -
a. Mutation [Link] [Link] [Link]

Ans Option a.

474 Type of sexual reproduction is ................

a. Fragmentation b. Regeneration c. Gamete formation d. Budding
 Ans Type of sexual reproduction is gamete formation.

475 Cell division occurring in somatic cells is ............... .

a. mitosis b. meiosis c. diakinesis d. diplotene

Ans Option a.

476 Exoskeleton is absent in

a. Dolphin b. Pomfret c. Turtle d. Salamander

Ans Option d.

477 Lactobacillus brevis gives us the beverage _______.

(A) cocoa (B) coffee (C) wine (D) cider

Ans (B) coffee

478 All of the following are biological disasters except

a. Infectious diseases b. Forest fire c. Tsunami d. Plague

Ans Option c.

479 Subtance prepared by using dry yeast on commercial basis is

a. Bread b. Yoghurt c. Vinegar d. Cheese

Ans Option a.

480 IT Act-2000 : This act has been enacted since -

a. 17th October b. 26th January c. 15th august d. 2nd October

Ans Option a.

Q.6 Find the odd one out 60

1 Syphilis, Leprosy, Gonorrhea, AIDS

Ans Leprosy - It is not a sexually transmitted disease while rest are sexually transmitted diseases(STD).

2 Cyclones in Odisha, Earthquakes of Gujarat and Latur, Train accidents, Frequently buzzing cyclones in
coastal Andhra Pradesh

Ans Train accidents, rest of them are catastrophic disasters.

3 Nuclear power plant, thermal power plant, solar power plant, Hydroelectric plant

Ans Solar power plant, Solar energy is processed by photovoltaic cells while others use kinetic energy of turbines
for energy production.

4 With regard to Body coelom - Porifera, Cnidaria, Arthropoda, Platyhelminthes

Ans Arthropoda

5 Drying, Salting, Cooking, Soaking with sugar

Ans Cooking (All others are food preservative methods).

6 Homeotherms - Crocodile, Snake, Scoliodon, Penguin

Ans Penguin

7 White revolution, Blue revolution, Grey revolution, Green revolution

Ans Grey revolution. Grey revolution is associated with fertilizer production. All the others are associated with
food.

8 Energy by nuclear fission, Energy by charcoal, Energy by wind, Energy by Sunlight

Ans Energy by charcoal, It is the only one which causes air pollution by combustion.

9 Cheese, Curd, Ice cream, Buttermilk

Ans Ice cream. Ice cream contains other ingredients apart from milk. All the others are made from milk only.

10 Vagina, Uterus, Testes, Ovaries

Ans Testes - It is an organ of male reproductive system while the rest are the organs of female reproductive
system.

11 Relating to the different groups of animals - Duck billed platypus, Snake, Lungfish, Peripatus

Ans Snake

12 All of the following are methods of stress management except -

a. Laughing loudly b. Playing games on mobile c. Gardening d. Listening to music

Ans Playing games on mobile.

13 Lactobacillus lactic, Lactobacillus cremoris, Streptococcus thermophiles, Streptococcus bovis

Ans Streptococcus bovis

14 DDT, Malathion, Chloropyriphos, Humus

Ans Humus. It is used as fertilizer. All the others are pesticides.

15 With respect to reproduction.

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Ans Bivalve

16 Famine: Various problems of crop, Strikes of workers, Earthquakes, Rising levels of oceans, Desertification

Ans Earthquakes, all the other are disasters of long duration, whose severity increases over the time.

17 Binary fission, Multiple fission, Fragmentation, Budding in yeast

Ans Fragmentation - It is a mode of asexual reproduction in multicellular organism while the rest are modes of
asexual reproduction in unicellular organism.

18 Air, Water, Animals, Minerals

Ans Animals are the odd one out as it is a biotic factor while rests are abiotic factor.

19 Corpus luteum, Luteinizing hormone, Estrogen, Progesterone

Ans Corpus luteum - It is a part of the uterus while rest are hormones secreted by female reproductive system.

20 Earthquake, Flooding, Tsunami, War

Ans War

21 Regeneration, Vegetative propagation, Binary fission, Fragmentation

Ans Binary Fission - It is a mode of asexual reproduction in unicellular organism while the rest are modes of
asexual reproduction in multicellular organism.
22 Energy by charcoal, Energy by nuclear fission, Energy by natural gas, Energy by biogas

Ans Energy by nuclear fission, During energy by nuclear fission, no air pollution occurs as other cause air pollution
as fuels are burnt.

23 Bovis, Vibrio, Ideonella, Sakaiensis

Ans Bovis

24 Elephant, Zebra, Wolf, Giraffe

Ans Wolf is the odd one out as it a carnivore while rests are herbivores.

25 Amitosis, Mitosis, Meiosis, Anaphase

Ans Anaphase is the odd one out as it one of stages of cell division while rest are types of cell division.

26 Maharashtra, Goa, Gujarat, Rajasthan

Ans Rajasthan is the odd one out as it does not lie in the region of Western Ghats.

27 Lion, Frog, Deer, Tiger

Ans Deer is the odd one out as it herbivore while rest are carnivores.

28 Pteris vitata, Rice, Indian Mustard, Sunflower.

Ans Rice. Genetically modified varieties of rice are available. All the others are used for bioremediation.

29 Actin, Ossein, Myosin, Aldosterone

Ans Aldosterone. Aldosterone is a hormone, rest all are proteins.

30 Presence of complete Notochord - Balanoglossus, Saccoglossus, Sponges, Pisces

Ans Pisces

31 Beta carotene, Lactic acid, Lycopene, Xanthene.

Ans Lactic acid – Lactic acid is used to impart acidity. All the others are used as edible colours.

32 Phylum-Platyhelminthes - Earthworm, Planaria, Liverfluke, Tapeworm

Ans Earthworm

33 With respect to central dogma - mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, DNA, Ribosome

Ans DNA

34 CO2, O3, SO3, Ash

Ans Ash is the odd one out as it is a solid pollutant while rests are gaseous pollutant.

35 Transport facilities, Social security, Counselling, Toilets

Ans Counselling. All the others are factors affecting social health.

36 Solar thermal power plant, Thermal power plant, Windmill, Hydroelectric plant

Ans Thermal power plant, It works on conventional sources while remaining others work on non-conventional
sources of energy.

37 Riboflavin, Nicotinamide, Thiamine, Iron

Ans Iron is the odd one out as it is an element while rest are types of Vitamin B.

38 Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase-I, Telophase

Ans Anaphase-I is the odd one out as it one of the stages of Meiosis while rest are of mitosis.

39 Terrorism, Famine, Forest fire, Earthquakes, Tsunamis

Ans Terrorism, it is a man-made disaster while others are natural disasters.

40 Root, Stem, Spores, Leaves

Ans Spores - they are not the vegetative parts of a plant while the rest are the vegetative parts of a plant.

41 Anther, Stigma, Style, Oviducts

Ans Oviducts - It is a part of a human reproductive system while rest are the reproductive part of a flower.

42 Itaconic acid, Citric acid, Glutamic acid, Sulphuric acid.

Ans Sulphuric acid

43 Transferases, Lyases, Ligases, Rennet

Ans Rennet

44 Planaria, Yeast, Euglena, Amoeba

Ans Planaria - It is a multicellular organism while rest are unicellular organism.

45 Rifamycin, Penicillin, Isomerase, Neomycin

Ans Isomerase is an enzyme. All the others are antibiotics.

46 Thermal power plant, CNG power plant, Biogas plant, Hydroelectric plant

Ans Hydroelectric plant, No fuel is burnt in this power plant while in thermal.
CNG - Natural gas and Biogas biofuels are burnt for power generation.

47 Water cycle, Nitrogen cycle, Oxygen cycle, Carbon cycle

Ans Water cycle is the odd one out as rest are gaseous cycle.

48 duckbill platypus, pomfret, lungfish, Peripatus

Ans pomfret

49 Diabetes, Anemia, Leukemia, Thalassemia

Ans Diabetes. Diabetes is a disease related with the synthesis of insulin. All the others are diseases related to
blood.

50 Frog, Earthworm, Pink bollworm, Insectivorous birds

Ans Pink bollworm. It is harmful for agriculture. All the others are useful for agriculture.

51 All are true about the IT act 2000 except -

a. This act has been enacted since 17th October 2008.
b. Punishment includes 3 years of imprisonment and fine upto 5 lakhs.
c. Maharashtra is the first state to start a separate cyber crime unit.
d. This act has been enacted since 17th October 2000 & amendment was made in 2008.
Ans This act has been enacted since 17th October 2008.

52 Stigma, Style, Pollen, Ovary.

Ans Pollen - Pollen are part of androecium. All the others are parts of gynoecium.

53 Tobacco, Laughter club, Alcohol consumption, Drugs

Ans Laughter club. All the others are types of addictions

54 Rickets, Night blindness, Beriberi , Anemia

Ans Anemia is the odd one out as it an iron deficiency while rest are deficiency related to Vitamins.

55 Coal, Natural Gas, LPG, Biogas

Ans Biogas, It is renewable source of energy while others are non-renewable.

56 Absence of Regeneration characters - Planaria, Toad, Lizard, Star-fish

Ans Toad

57 Wind, Water, Charcoal, Sunlight

Ans Charcoal, It is conventional source of energy while others are non-conventional.

58 Citric acid, Glutamic acid, Malic acid, Lactic acid

Ans Glutamic acid – Glutamic acid helps in protein building. All the others are used to impart acidity.

59 Yoghurt, Cream, Toffee, Cheese

Ans Toffee

60 Bryophyllum, Sweet potato, Potato, Spirogyra.

Ans Spirogyra - Spirogyra reproduces by fragmentation while the rest reproduce by vegetative propagation.

61 Syphilis, Leprosy, Gonorrhea, AIDS

Ans Leprosy - It is not a sexually transmitted disease while rest are sexually transmitted diseases(STD).

62 Cyclones in Odisha, Earthquakes of Gujarat and Latur, Train accidents, Frequently buzzing cyclones in
coastal Andhra Pradesh

Ans Train accidents, rest of them are catastrophic disasters.

63 Nuclear power plant, thermal power plant, solar power plant, Hydroelectric plant

Ans Solar power plant, Solar energy is processed by photovoltaic cells while others use kinetic energy of turbines
for energy production.

64 With regard to Body coelom - Porifera, Cnidaria, Arthropoda, Platyhelminthes

Ans Arthropoda

65 Drying, Salting, Cooking, Soaking with sugar

Ans Cooking (All others are food preservative methods).

66 Homeotherms - Crocodile, Snake, Scoliodon, Penguin

Ans Penguin

67 White revolution, Blue revolution, Grey revolution, Green revolution

Ans Grey revolution. Grey revolution is associated with fertilizer production. All the others are associated with
food.

68 Energy by nuclear fission, Energy by charcoal, Energy by wind, Energy by Sunlight

Ans Energy by charcoal, It is the only one which causes air pollution by combustion.

69 Cheese, Curd, Ice cream, Buttermilk

Ans Ice cream. Ice cream contains other ingredients apart from milk. All the others are made from milk only.

70 Vagina, Uterus, Testes, Ovaries

Ans Testes - It is an organ of male reproductive system while the rest are the organs of female reproductive
system.

71 Relating to the different groups of animals - Duck billed platypus, Snake, Lungfish, Peripatus

Ans Snake

72 All of the following are methods of stress management except -

a. Laughing loudly b. Playing games on mobile c. Gardening d. Listening to music

Ans Playing games on mobile.

73 Lactobacillus lactic, Lactobacillus cremoris, Streptococcus thermophiles, Streptococcus bovis

Ans Streptococcus bovis

74 DDT, Malathion, Chloropyriphos, Humus

Ans Humus. It is used as fertilizer. All the others are pesticides.

75 With respect to reproduction.

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Ans Bivalve

76 Famine: Various problems of crop, Strikes of workers, Earthquakes, Rising levels of oceans, Desertification

Ans Earthquakes, all the other are disasters of long duration, whose severity increases over the time.

77 Binary fission, Multiple fission, Fragmentation, Budding in yeast

Ans Fragmentation - It is a mode of asexual reproduction in multicellular organism while the rest are modes of
asexual reproduction in unicellular organism.

78 Air, Water, Animals, Minerals

Ans Animals are the odd one out as it is a biotic factor while rests are abiotic factor.

79 Corpus luteum, Luteinizing hormone, Estrogen, Progesterone

Ans Corpus luteum - It is a part of the uterus while rest are hormones secreted by female reproductive system.

80 Earthquake, Flooding, Tsunami, War

Ans War

81 Regeneration, Vegetative propagation, Binary fission, Fragmentation

Ans Binary Fission - It is a mode of asexual reproduction in unicellular organism while the rest are modes of
asexual reproduction in multicellular organism.

82 Energy by charcoal, Energy by nuclear fission, Energy by natural gas, Energy by biogas

Ans Energy by nuclear fission, During energy by nuclear fission, no air pollution occurs as other cause air pollution
as fuels are burnt.

83 Bovis, Vibrio, Ideonella, Sakaiensis

Ans Bovis

84 Elephant, Zebra, Wolf, Giraffe

Ans Wolf is the odd one out as it a carnivore while rests are herbivores.

85 Amitosis, Mitosis, Meiosis, Anaphase

Ans Anaphase is the odd one out as it one of stages of cell division while rest are types of cell division.

86 Maharashtra, Goa, Gujarat, Rajasthan

Ans Rajasthan is the odd one out as it does not lie in the region of Western Ghats.

87 Lion, Frog, Deer, Tiger

Ans Deer is the odd one out as it herbivore while rest are carnivores.

88 Pteris vitata, Rice, Indian Mustard, Sunflower.

Ans Rice. Genetically modified varieties of rice are available. All the others are used for bioremediation.

89 Actin, Ossein, Myosin, Aldosterone

Ans Aldosterone. Aldosterone is a hormone, rest all are proteins.

90 Presence of complete Notochord - Balanoglossus, Saccoglossus, Sponges, Pisces

Ans Pisces

91 Beta carotene, Lactic acid, Lycopene, Xanthene.

Ans Lactic acid – Lactic acid is used to impart acidity. All the others are used as edible colours.

92 Phylum-Platyhelminthes - Earthworm, Planaria, Liverfluke, Tapeworm

Ans Earthworm

93 With respect to central dogma - mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, DNA, Ribosome

Ans DNA

94 CO2, O3, SO3, Ash

Ans Ash is the odd one out as it is a solid pollutant while rests are gaseous pollutant.

95 Transport facilities, Social security, Counselling, Toilets

Ans Counselling. All the others are factors affecting social health.

96 Solar thermal power plant, Thermal power plant, Windmill, Hydroelectric plant

Ans Thermal power plant, It works on conventional sources while remaining others work on non-conventional
sources of energy.

97 Riboflavin, Nicotinamide, Thiamine, Iron

Ans Iron is the odd one out as it is an element while rest are types of Vitamin B.

98 Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase-I, Telophase

Ans Anaphase-I is the odd one out as it one of the stages of Meiosis while rest are of mitosis.

99 Terrorism, Famine, Forest fire, Earthquakes, Tsunamis

Ans Terrorism, it is a man-made disaster while others are natural disasters.

100 Root, Stem, Spores, Leaves

Ans Spores - they are not the vegetative parts of a plant while the rest are the vegetative parts of a plant.

101 Anther, Stigma, Style, Oviducts

Ans Oviducts - It is a part of a human reproductive system while rest are the reproductive part of a flower.

102 Itaconic acid, Citric acid, Glutamic acid, Sulphuric acid.

Ans Sulphuric acid

103 Transferases, Lyases, Ligases, Rennet

Ans Rennet

104 Planaria, Yeast, Euglena, Amoeba

Ans Planaria - It is a multicellular organism while rest are unicellular organism.

105 Rifamycin, Penicillin, Isomerase, Neomycin

Ans Isomerase is an enzyme. All the others are antibiotics.

106 Thermal power plant, CNG power plant, Biogas plant, Hydroelectric plant

Ans Hydroelectric plant, No fuel is burnt in this power plant while in thermal.
CNG - Natural gas and Biogas biofuels are burnt for power generation.

107 Water cycle, Nitrogen cycle, Oxygen cycle, Carbon cycle

Ans Water cycle is the odd one out as rest are gaseous cycle.

108 duckbill platypus, pomfret, lungfish, Peripatus

Ans pomfret

109 Diabetes, Anemia, Leukemia, Thalassemia

Ans Diabetes. Diabetes is a disease related with the synthesis of insulin. All the others are diseases related to
blood.

110 Frog, Earthworm, Pink bollworm, Insectivorous birds

Ans Pink bollworm. It is harmful for agriculture. All the others are useful for agriculture.

111 All are true about the IT act 2000 except -

a. This act has been enacted since 17th October 2008.
b. Punishment includes 3 years of imprisonment and fine upto 5 lakhs.
c. Maharashtra is the first state to start a separate cyber crime unit.
d. This act has been enacted since 17th October 2000 & amendment was made in 2008.
Ans This act has been enacted since 17th October 2008.

112 Stigma, Style, Pollen, Ovary.

Ans Pollen - Pollen are part of androecium. All the others are parts of gynoecium.

113 Tobacco, Laughter club, Alcohol consumption, Drugs

Ans Laughter club. All the others are types of addictions

114 Rickets, Night blindness, Beriberi , Anemia

Ans Anemia is the odd one out as it an iron deficiency while rest are deficiency related to Vitamins.

115 Coal, Natural Gas, LPG, Biogas

Ans Biogas, It is renewable source of energy while others are non-renewable.

 116 Absence of Regeneration characters - Planaria, Toad, Lizard, Star-fish

Ans Toad

117 Wind, Water, Charcoal, Sunlight

Ans Charcoal, It is conventional source of energy while others are non-conventional.

118 Citric acid, Glutamic acid, Malic acid, Lactic acid

Ans Glutamic acid – Glutamic acid helps in protein building. All the others are used to impart acidity.

119 Yoghurt, Cream, Toffee, Cheese

Ans Toffee

120 Bryophyllum, Sweet potato, Potato, Spirogyra.

Ans Spirogyra - Spirogyra reproduces by fragmentation while the rest reproduce by vegetative propagation.

Q.7 Find co-related terms 91

1 Bones : Ossein :: Skin : ............... .

Ans Bones : Ossein :: Skin : Melanin/Keratin.

2 Blood : ............... : : Muscles : Myosin

Ans Blood : Hemoglobin : : Muscles : Myosin

3 Protein : Amino acids :: Carbohydrates : ...............

Ans Protein : Amino acids :: Carbohydrates : Glucose.

4 Ovaries : Estrogen :: Testes : ............... .

Ans Ovaries : Estrogen :: Testes : Testosterone.

5 More than one plane of body Symmetry: Radial : : Single plane of body symmetry: .................. .

Ans More than one plane of body Symmetry: Radial : : Single plane of body symmetry: Bilateral.

6 Snowstorms : climatic type :: earthquake : .................

Ans Snowstorms : Climatic type :: earthquake : Geological type

7 Skin: Melanin :: Pancreas : _______

Ans insulin

8 IUCN : International Union for Conservation of Nature :: IPCC : …………. .

Ans IUCN : International Union for Conservation of Nature:: IPCC : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change.

9 Forest Conservation Act :1980 :: Environment Conservation Act : …………. .

Ans Forest Conservation Act :1980 :: Environment Conservation Act : 1986.

10 Chipko Centre: Tehri Garhwal :: BNHS : …………. .

Ans Chipko Centre: Tehri Garhwal :: BNHS : Mumbai.

11 Amoeba : simple binary fission :: Paramoecium : ................ .

Ans Amoeba : simple binary fission :: Paramoecium : Transverse binary fission.

12 Survival of fittest : Darwin :: Acquired characters : ...............

Ans Survival of fittest : Darwin :: Acquired characters : Lamarck

13 Interferon : ............... : : Erythropoietin : Anaemia

Ans Interferon : Viral infection : : Erythropoietin : Anaemia

Viral infection. Interferon is the protein used to treat viral infection; erythropoietin is the protein used to treat
anaemia.

14 Use of articles from animal parts banned: Clause 49 B :: Ban on trading of rare animals: …………. .

Ans Use of articles from animal parts banned: Clause 49 B :: Ban on trading of rare animals: Clause 49-A.

15 Thermal energy: Combustion of coal : : Nuclear energy : ................... .

Ans Thermal energy: Combustion of coal : : Nuclear energy : Fission of nuclei of atoms.

16 White revolution : Increase in dairy production : : Green revolution : ……………….

Ans White revolution : Increase in dairy production : : Green revolution : Increase in agricultural Production.

17 Yoghurt : Lactobacilli : : Bread : ...............

Ans Yoghurt : Lactobacilli : : Bread : Saccharomyces cerevisiae

18 Phenylketonuria : Gene therapy : : Polio : ...............

Ans Phenylketonuria : Gene therapy : : Polio : Vaccination

19 DNA : Deoxyribose sugar : : RNA : ...............

Ans DNA : Deoxyribose sugar : : RNA : Ribose sugar

20 Hibiscus : Kingdom Plantae : : Mushroom : ................ .

Ans Hibiscus : Kingdom Plantae : : Mushroom : Kingdom Fungi.

21 Exoskeleton in sea urchin : calcareous spines : : Exoskeleton in cockroach : ................ .

Ans Exoskeleton in sea urchin : calcareous spines : : Exoskeleton in cockroach : Chitin.

22 Vanillin : Essence : : Xylitol : ...............

Ans Vanillin : Essence : : Xylitol : Artificial sweetener

23 Spongila : Porifera : : Star fish : ................ .

Ans Spongila : Porifera : : Star fish : Echinodermata.

24 Lactobacillus delbrueckii : Lactic acid : : Aspergillus itaconius : ...............

Ans Lactobacillus delbrueckii : Lactic acid : : Aspergillus itaconius : Itaconic acid

25 White revolution : Dairy :: Blue revolution : ……………

Ans White revolution : Dairy :: Blue revolution : Pisciculture

Pisciculture. White revolution is related to dairy industry; blue revolution is related to pisciculture.

26 Mango Tree : Producer : : Lion : ...............

Ans Mango Tree : Producer : : Lion : Secondary consumer

27 Sepal : Calyx :: Petals : ............... .

Ans Sepal : Calyx :: Petals : Corolla.

28 Planaria : Regeneration :: Rhizopus : ............... .

Ans `Planaria : Regeneration :: Rhizopus : Spore formation.

29 Manas sanctuary : Rhino :: Sunderban sanctuary : …………. .

Ans Manas sanctuary : Rhino :: Sunderban sanctuary : Tiger.

30 Root, stem, leaf : Vegetative Propagation :: Flower : ............... .

Ans Root, stem, leaf : Vegetative Propagation :: Flower : Sexual reproduction.

31 RNA : Uracil :: DNA : ................

Ans RNA : Uracil :: DNA : Thymine.

32 Pisces : Poikilotherms : : Aves : ...............

Ans Pisces : Poikilotherms : : Aves : Homeotherms

33 ............... : Dwarfism : Factor VIII : Hemophilia

Ans Somatostatin : Dwarfism : Factor VIII : Hemophilia

Somatostatin. Somatostatin is used to treat dwarfism; factor VIII is used to treat haemophilia.

34 Mitosis : Somatic cells :: Meiosis : ............... .

Ans Mitosis : Somatic cells :: Meiosis : Germ cells.

35 Autosomes : 22 pairs : : Sex chromosomes : ...............

Ans Autosomes : 22 pairs : : Sex chromosomes : 1 pair

36 NADH2 : 3 molecules of ATP :: FADH2 : ...............

Ans NADH2 : 3 molecules of ATP :: FADH2 : 2 molecules of ATP

37 Thermal energy : Air pollution : : Nuclear energy : ................. .

Ans Thermal energy : Air pollution : : Nuclear energy : Radioactive pollution.

38 Fossils : Paleontological Evidences :: Appendix : ................ .

Ans Fossils : Paleontological Evidences :: Appendix : Vestigial Organs.

39 Manas sanctuary : Assam :: Sunderban sanctuary : …………. .

Ans Manas sanctuary : Assam :: Sunderban sanctuary : West Bengal.

40 Nostac, Anabaena : Biofertilizers :: Alfalfa : ……………

Ans Nostac, Anabaena : Biofertilizers :: Alfalfa : Phytoremediation.

41 Porifera : Cellular grade Organisation : : Cnidaria : ...............

Ans Porifera : Cellular grade Organisation : : Cnidaria : Cell-tissue grade organisation

42 Skin : Keratin :: Blood : ...............

Ans Skin : Keratin :: Blood : Hemoglobin.

43 Insulin : Diabetes : : Interleukin : ...............

Ans Insulin : Diabetes : : Interleukin : Cancer

Insulin is used to treat diabetes; interleukin is used to treat cancer.

44 First aid phase : Phase of emergency :: Clearing of debris : ...................

Ans First aid phase : Phase of emergency :: Clearing of debris : Transitional phase

45 Musk deer : Rare species :: Lion tailed monkey: …………. .

Ans Musk deer : Rare species :: Lion tailed monkey: Endangered species.

46 Wisdom teeth : Vestigial organs :: Lungfish : ...............

Ans Wisdom teeth : Vestigial organs :: Lungfish : Connecting links

47 Jaggary : Carbohydrates :: egg : ............... .

Ans Jaggary : Carbohydrates :: egg : Protein.

48 ............... : Metameric segmentation : : Arthropoda : Jointed appendages

Ans Annelida : Metameric segmentation : : Arthropoda : Jointed appendages

49 Cytokinesis : Division of cytoplasm :: Karyokinesis : ...............

Ans Cytokinesis : Division of cytoplasm :: Karyokinesis : Division of nucleus.

50 National Disaster Management Authority : Prime Minister :: District Disaster Management Authority : _______

Ans Collector. The Prime Minister is the Chairman of National Disaster Management Authority; while the Collector
is the Chairman of District Disaster Management Authority.

51 Snow-storms : Atmospheric :: Alkalization: ...............

Ans Geological. Snow-storms are atmospheric type of disaster, while alkalization is geological type of disaster.

52 Control on tobacco consumption : TATA trust : : Empowering children in slum area : __________

Ans Salaam Mumbai Foundation. TATA trust runs movement against tobacco; whereas Salaam Mumbai
Foundation runs programs in various schools in Mumbai to empower the children living in slum area in the
field of education, sports, arts and business.

53 Rare species: Red panda :: Vulnerable species: …………. .

Ans Rare species: Red panda :: Vulnerable species: Tiger / Lion.

54 Endangered species : Lesser florican :: Indeterminate species : …………. .

Ans Endangered species : Lesser florican :: Indeterminate species : Giant squirrel.

55 Caffea arabica : Lactobacillus brevis :: Apple : ............... .

Ans Caffea arabica : Lactobacillus brevis :: Apple : Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

56 Nicotinamide : NADH2 : : Riboflavin : ...............

Ans Nicotinamide : NADH2 : : Riboflavin : FADH2

57 Poisonous gases : Man-made disasters :: Tsunami : ...............

Ans Natural Disaster. Release of poisonous gases is a man-made disaster; while tsunami is a natural disaster.

58 Skin : Keratin : : Blood : ……………

Ans Skin : Keratin : : Blood : Haemoglobin.

Haemoglobin. Keratin is a protein present in the skin; haemoglobin is a protein present in the blood.

59 Flatworms : Platyhelminthes : : Roundworms : ...............

Ans Flatworms : Platyhelminthes : : Roundworms : Aschelminthes

60 Androecium : Stamen :: Gynoecium : ............... .

Ans Androecium : Stamen :: Gynoecium : Carpel.

61 mRNA : Carries message from DNA : : tRNA : ...............

Ans mRNA : Carries message from DNA : : tRNA : Transport amino acids

62 RNA to proteins : Translation :: DNA to mRNA : ................ .

Ans RNA to proteins : Translation :: DNA to mRNA : Transcription.

63 Fossils : Paleontological evidence : : Flipper of whale and for limb of bat : ...............

Ans Fossils : Paleontological evidence : : Flipper of whale and for limb of bat : Anatomical evidence

64 Search and rescue operations: Phases of emergency :: Rehabilitation : ...............

Ans Transitional phase. Search and rescue operations are carried out in the emergency phase; while rehabilitation
of people is done in the transitional phase.

65 curable disease : malaria :: incurable disease : ................

Ans curable disease : malaria :: incurable disease : AIDS

66 Blood : Hemoglobin :: Pancreas : ............... .

Ans Blood : Hemoglobin :: Pancreas : Insulin.

67 Vitamin B2 : riboflavin :: Vitamin B5 : ............... .

Ans Vitamin B2 : riboflavin :: Vitamin B5 : nicotinamide.

68 Mitosis : Growth of the body :: Meiosis : ...............

Ans Mitosis : Growth of the body :: Meiosis : gamete production.

69 Dog fish : Class Pisces : : Petromyzon : .................. .

Ans Dog fish : Class Pisces : : Petromyzon : Class Cyclostomata.

70 Synthesis of RNA : Transcription : : Synthesis of proteins : ...............

Ans Synthesis of RNA : Transcription : : Synthesis of proteins : Translation

71 Ovary : Fruit : : Ovules : ...............

Ans Ovary : Fruit : : Ovules : Seeds

72 Pedicel present : pedicellate flower : : Pedicel absent : ...............

Ans Pedicel present : pedicellate flower : : Pedicel absent : Sessile flower

73 Solar cells : DC power : : Inverter : ............... .

Ans Solar cells : DC power : : Inverter : AC power.

74 Wind energy :Windmill : : Solar energy : .................. .

Ans Wind energy : Windmill : : Solar energy : Photovoltaic cells.

75 Female reproductive part of flower : Carpel : : Male reproductive part of flower : ...............

Ans Female reproductive part of flower : Carpel : : Male reproductive part of flower : Stamen

76 NADH2 : Nicotinamide Adenine dinucleotide :: FADH2 : ................

Ans NADH2 : Nicotinamide Adenine dinucleotide :: FADH2 : Flavin adenine dinucleotide.

77 Vulnerable species : Lion : : ............... : Lesser florican

Ans Vulnerable species : Lion : : Endangered : Lesser florican

78 Asexual reproduction : Similarity :: Sexual reproduction : ............... .

Ans Asexual reproduction : Similarity :: Sexual reproduction : Diversity.

79 Sun : Solar energy : : Water : .................. .

Ans Sun : Solar energy : : Water : Potential energy.

80 Jelly fish : Medusa : : Sea anemone : ................ .

Ans Jelly fish : Medusa : : Sea anemone : Polyp.

81 Natamyscin : Microbial restrictor : : Xanthenes : ...............

Ans Natamyscin : Microbial restrictor : : Xanthenes : Edible colours

82 Non-conventional : Biogas : : Conventional : ................. .

Ans Non-conventional : Biogas : : Conventional : Coal or Natural gas.

83 Get rid of waste : Excretion :: Assimilation of food for growth : ...............

Ans Get rid of waste : Excretion :: Assimilation of food for growth : Nutrition.

84 Wind energy : Wind turbine : : Thermal energy : ................... .

Ans Wind energy : Wind turbine : : Thermal energy : Steam turbine.

85 Immediate action taken after a disaster : ............... :: Plan to minimise damage : Redemption

Ans Response. Response is the immediate action taken after a disaster; while redemption is a plan to minimize
the damage.

86 Hepatitis : Animals :: ............... : Plants

Ans Hepatitis : Animals :: Blister disease : Plants

87 Earthquake, flooding, tsunami, war.

Ans War. It is man-made international disaster, whereas rest all are geophysical geological disasters.

88 Taluka disaster management: Tahsildar :: State disaster management: ...............

Ans Chief Minister. Taluka disaster management is handled by the Tahsildar; while State disaster management is
handled by the Chief Minister.

89 Biomedical Waster Rule: 1998 :: E-waste Rule: …………. .

Ans Biomedical Waster Rule: 1998 :: E-waste Rule: 2011.

90 Substances leading to addiction : Drugs : : Substances leading to cancer : __________

Ans Carcinogenic substances. Drugs leads to addiction; whereas consumption of carcinogenic substance leads to
cancer.

91 Animals in Porifera phylum - sycon sponge : Porifera : : Animals in phylum Ascheminthes : ................ .

Ans Animals in Porifera phylum - sycon sponge : Porifera : : Animals in phylum Ascheminthes : Flat worms.

92 Bones : Ossein :: Skin : ............... .

Ans Bones : Ossein :: Skin : Melanin/Keratin.

93 Blood : ............... : : Muscles : Myosin

Ans Blood : Hemoglobin : : Muscles : Myosin

94 Protein : Amino acids :: Carbohydrates : ...............

Ans Protein : Amino acids :: Carbohydrates : Glucose.

95 Ovaries : Estrogen :: Testes : ............... .

Ans Ovaries : Estrogen :: Testes : Testosterone.

96 More than one plane of body Symmetry: Radial : : Single plane of body symmetry: .................. .

Ans More than one plane of body Symmetry: Radial : : Single plane of body symmetry: Bilateral.

97 Snowstorms : climatic type :: earthquake : .................

Ans Snowstorms : Climatic type :: earthquake : Geological type

98 Skin: Melanin :: Pancreas : _______

Ans insulin

99 IUCN : International Union for Conservation of Nature :: IPCC : …………. .

Ans IUCN : International Union for Conservation of Nature:: IPCC : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change.

100 Forest Conservation Act :1980 :: Environment Conservation Act : …………. .

Ans Forest Conservation Act :1980 :: Environment Conservation Act : 1986.

101 Chipko Centre: Tehri Garhwal :: BNHS : …………. .

Ans Chipko Centre: Tehri Garhwal :: BNHS : Mumbai.

102 Amoeba : simple binary fission :: Paramoecium : ................ .

Ans Amoeba : simple binary fission :: Paramoecium : Transverse binary fission.

103 Survival of fittest : Darwin :: Acquired characters : ...............

Ans Survival of fittest : Darwin :: Acquired characters : Lamarck

104 Interferon : ............... : : Erythropoietin : Anaemia

Ans Interferon : Viral infection : : Erythropoietin : Anaemia

Viral infection. Interferon is the protein used to treat viral infection; erythropoietin is the protein used to treat
anaemia.

105 Use of articles from animal parts banned: Clause 49 B :: Ban on trading of rare animals: …………. .

Ans Use of articles from animal parts banned: Clause 49 B :: Ban on trading of rare animals: Clause 49-A.

106 Thermal energy: Combustion of coal : : Nuclear energy : ................... .

Ans Thermal energy: Combustion of coal : : Nuclear energy : Fission of nuclei of atoms.

107 White revolution : Increase in dairy production : : Green revolution : ……………….

Ans White revolution : Increase in dairy production : : Green revolution : Increase in agricultural Production.

108 Yoghurt : Lactobacilli : : Bread : ...............

Ans Yoghurt : Lactobacilli : : Bread : Saccharomyces cerevisiae

109 Phenylketonuria : Gene therapy : : Polio : ...............

Ans Phenylketonuria : Gene therapy : : Polio : Vaccination

110 DNA : Deoxyribose sugar : : RNA : ...............

Ans DNA : Deoxyribose sugar : : RNA : Ribose sugar

111 Hibiscus : Kingdom Plantae : : Mushroom : ................ .

Ans Hibiscus : Kingdom Plantae : : Mushroom : Kingdom Fungi.

112 Exoskeleton in sea urchin : calcareous spines : : Exoskeleton in cockroach : ................ .

Ans Exoskeleton in sea urchin : calcareous spines : : Exoskeleton in cockroach : Chitin.

113 Vanillin : Essence : : Xylitol : ...............

Ans Vanillin : Essence : : Xylitol : Artificial sweetener

114 Spongila : Porifera : : Star fish : ................ .

Ans Spongila : Porifera : : Star fish : Echinodermata.

115 Lactobacillus delbrueckii : Lactic acid : : Aspergillus itaconius : ...............

Ans Lactobacillus delbrueckii : Lactic acid : : Aspergillus itaconius : Itaconic acid

116 White revolution : Dairy :: Blue revolution : ……………

Ans White revolution : Dairy :: Blue revolution : Pisciculture

Pisciculture. White revolution is related to dairy industry; blue revolution is related to pisciculture.

117 Mango Tree : Producer : : Lion : ...............

Ans Mango Tree : Producer : : Lion : Secondary consumer

118 Sepal : Calyx :: Petals : ............... .

Ans Sepal : Calyx :: Petals : Corolla.

119 Planaria : Regeneration :: Rhizopus : ............... .

Ans `Planaria : Regeneration :: Rhizopus : Spore formation.

120 Manas sanctuary : Rhino :: Sunderban sanctuary : …………. .

Ans Manas sanctuary : Rhino :: Sunderban sanctuary : Tiger.

121 Root, stem, leaf : Vegetative Propagation :: Flower : ............... .

Ans Root, stem, leaf : Vegetative Propagation :: Flower : Sexual reproduction.

122 RNA : Uracil :: DNA : ................

Ans RNA : Uracil :: DNA : Thymine.

123 Pisces : Poikilotherms : : Aves : ...............

Ans Pisces : Poikilotherms : : Aves : Homeotherms

124 ............... : Dwarfism : Factor VIII : Hemophilia

Ans Somatostatin : Dwarfism : Factor VIII : Hemophilia

Somatostatin. Somatostatin is used to treat dwarfism; factor VIII is used to treat haemophilia.

125 Mitosis : Somatic cells :: Meiosis : ............... .

Ans Mitosis : Somatic cells :: Meiosis : Germ cells.

126 Autosomes : 22 pairs : : Sex chromosomes : ...............

Ans Autosomes : 22 pairs : : Sex chromosomes : 1 pair

127 NADH2 : 3 molecules of ATP :: FADH2 : ...............

Ans NADH2 : 3 molecules of ATP :: FADH2 : 2 molecules of ATP

128 Thermal energy : Air pollution : : Nuclear energy : ................. .

Ans Thermal energy : Air pollution : : Nuclear energy : Radioactive pollution.

129 Fossils : Paleontological Evidences :: Appendix : ................ .

Ans Fossils : Paleontological Evidences :: Appendix : Vestigial Organs.

130 Manas sanctuary : Assam :: Sunderban sanctuary : …………. .

Ans Manas sanctuary : Assam :: Sunderban sanctuary : West Bengal.

131 Nostac, Anabaena : Biofertilizers :: Alfalfa : ……………

Ans Nostac, Anabaena : Biofertilizers :: Alfalfa : Phytoremediation.

132 Porifera : Cellular grade Organisation : : Cnidaria : ...............

Ans Porifera : Cellular grade Organisation : : Cnidaria : Cell-tissue grade organisation

133 Skin : Keratin :: Blood : ...............

Ans Skin : Keratin :: Blood : Hemoglobin.

134 Insulin : Diabetes : : Interleukin : ...............

Ans Insulin : Diabetes : : Interleukin : Cancer

Insulin is used to treat diabetes; interleukin is used to treat cancer.

135 First aid phase : Phase of emergency :: Clearing of debris : ...................

Ans First aid phase : Phase of emergency :: Clearing of debris : Transitional phase

136 Musk deer : Rare species :: Lion tailed monkey: …………. .

Ans Musk deer : Rare species :: Lion tailed monkey: Endangered species.

137 Wisdom teeth : Vestigial organs :: Lungfish : ...............

Ans Wisdom teeth : Vestigial organs :: Lungfish : Connecting links

138 Jaggary : Carbohydrates :: egg : ............... .

Ans Jaggary : Carbohydrates :: egg : Protein.

139 ............... : Metameric segmentation : : Arthropoda : Jointed appendages

Ans Annelida : Metameric segmentation : : Arthropoda : Jointed appendages

140 Cytokinesis : Division of cytoplasm :: Karyokinesis : ...............

Ans Cytokinesis : Division of cytoplasm :: Karyokinesis : Division of nucleus.

141 National Disaster Management Authority : Prime Minister :: District Disaster Management Authority : _______

Ans Collector. The Prime Minister is the Chairman of National Disaster Management Authority; while the Collector
is the Chairman of District Disaster Management Authority.

142 Snow-storms : Atmospheric :: Alkalization: ...............

Ans Geological. Snow-storms are atmospheric type of disaster, while alkalization is geological type of disaster.
143 Control on tobacco consumption : TATA trust : : Empowering children in slum area : __________

Ans Salaam Mumbai Foundation. TATA trust runs movement against tobacco; whereas Salaam Mumbai
Foundation runs programs in various schools in Mumbai to empower the children living in slum area in the
field of education, sports, arts and business.

144 Rare species: Red panda :: Vulnerable species: …………. .

Ans Rare species: Red panda :: Vulnerable species: Tiger / Lion.

145 Endangered species : Lesser florican :: Indeterminate species : …………. .

Ans Endangered species : Lesser florican :: Indeterminate species : Giant squirrel.

146 Caffea arabica : Lactobacillus brevis :: Apple : ............... .

Ans Caffea arabica : Lactobacillus brevis :: Apple : Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

147 Nicotinamide : NADH2 : : Riboflavin : ...............

Ans Nicotinamide : NADH2 : : Riboflavin : FADH2

148 Poisonous gases : Man-made disasters :: Tsunami : ...............

Ans Natural Disaster. Release of poisonous gases is a man-made disaster; while tsunami is a natural disaster.

149 Skin : Keratin : : Blood : ……………

Ans Skin : Keratin : : Blood : Haemoglobin.

Haemoglobin. Keratin is a protein present in the skin; haemoglobin is a protein present in the blood.

150 Flatworms : Platyhelminthes : : Roundworms : ...............

Ans Flatworms : Platyhelminthes : : Roundworms : Aschelminthes

151 Androecium : Stamen :: Gynoecium : ............... .

Ans Androecium : Stamen :: Gynoecium : Carpel.

152 mRNA : Carries message from DNA : : tRNA : ...............

Ans mRNA : Carries message from DNA : : tRNA : Transport amino acids

153 RNA to proteins : Translation :: DNA to mRNA : ................ .

Ans RNA to proteins : Translation :: DNA to mRNA : Transcription.

154 Fossils : Paleontological evidence : : Flipper of whale and for limb of bat : ...............

Ans Fossils : Paleontological evidence : : Flipper of whale and for limb of bat : Anatomical evidence

155 Search and rescue operations: Phases of emergency :: Rehabilitation : ...............

Ans Transitional phase. Search and rescue operations are carried out in the emergency phase; while rehabilitation
of people is done in the transitional phase.

156 curable disease : malaria :: incurable disease : ................

Ans curable disease : malaria :: incurable disease : AIDS

157 Blood : Hemoglobin :: Pancreas : ............... .

Ans Blood : Hemoglobin :: Pancreas : Insulin.

158 Vitamin B2 : riboflavin :: Vitamin B5 : ............... .

Ans Vitamin B2 : riboflavin :: Vitamin B5 : nicotinamide.

159 Mitosis : Growth of the body :: Meiosis : ...............

Ans Mitosis : Growth of the body :: Meiosis : gamete production.

160 Dog fish : Class Pisces : : Petromyzon : .................. .

Ans Dog fish : Class Pisces : : Petromyzon : Class Cyclostomata.

161 Synthesis of RNA : Transcription : : Synthesis of proteins : ...............

Ans Synthesis of RNA : Transcription : : Synthesis of proteins : Translation

162 Ovary : Fruit : : Ovules : ...............

Ans Ovary : Fruit : : Ovules : Seeds

163 Pedicel present : pedicellate flower : : Pedicel absent : ...............

Ans Pedicel present : pedicellate flower : : Pedicel absent : Sessile flower

164 Solar cells : DC power : : Inverter : ............... .

Ans Solar cells : DC power : : Inverter : AC power.

165 Wind energy :Windmill : : Solar energy : .................. .

Ans Wind energy : Windmill : : Solar energy : Photovoltaic cells.

166 Female reproductive part of flower : Carpel : : Male reproductive part of flower : ...............

Ans Female reproductive part of flower : Carpel : : Male reproductive part of flower : Stamen

167 NADH2 : Nicotinamide Adenine dinucleotide :: FADH2 : ................

Ans NADH2 : Nicotinamide Adenine dinucleotide :: FADH2 : Flavin adenine dinucleotide.

168 Vulnerable species : Lion : : ............... : Lesser florican

Ans Vulnerable species : Lion : : Endangered : Lesser florican

169 Asexual reproduction : Similarity :: Sexual reproduction : ............... .

Ans Asexual reproduction : Similarity :: Sexual reproduction : Diversity.

170 Sun : Solar energy : : Water : .................. .

Ans Sun : Solar energy : : Water : Potential energy.

171 Jelly fish : Medusa : : Sea anemone : ................ .

Ans Jelly fish : Medusa : : Sea anemone : Polyp.

172 Natamyscin : Microbial restrictor : : Xanthenes : ...............

Ans Natamyscin : Microbial restrictor : : Xanthenes : Edible colours

173 Non-conventional : Biogas : : Conventional : ................. .

Ans Non-conventional : Biogas : : Conventional : Coal or Natural gas.

174 Get rid of waste : Excretion :: Assimilation of food for growth : ...............

Ans Get rid of waste : Excretion :: Assimilation of food for growth : Nutrition.

175 Wind energy : Wind turbine : : Thermal energy : ................... .

Ans Wind energy : Wind turbine : : Thermal energy : Steam turbine.

176 Immediate action taken after a disaster : ............... :: Plan to minimise damage : Redemption
 Ans Response. Response is the immediate action taken after a disaster; while redemption is a plan to minimize
the damage.

177 Hepatitis : Animals :: ............... : Plants

Ans Hepatitis : Animals :: Blister disease : Plants

178 Earthquake, flooding, tsunami, war.

Ans War. It is man-made international disaster, whereas rest all are geophysical geological disasters.

179 Taluka disaster management: Tahsildar :: State disaster management: ...............

Ans Chief Minister. Taluka disaster management is handled by the Tahsildar; while State disaster management is
handled by the Chief Minister.

180 Biomedical Waster Rule: 1998 :: E-waste Rule: …………. .

Ans Biomedical Waster Rule: 1998 :: E-waste Rule: 2011.

181 Substances leading to addiction : Drugs : : Substances leading to cancer : __________

Ans Carcinogenic substances. Drugs leads to addiction; whereas consumption of carcinogenic substance leads to
cancer.

182 Animals in Porifera phylum - sycon sponge : Porifera : : Animals in phylum Ascheminthes : ................ .

Ans Animals in Porifera phylum - sycon sponge : Porifera : : Animals in phylum Ascheminthes : Flat worms.

Q.8 Match the pair 82

1 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Oviducts a. Pathway through which baby comes out

ii. Testes b. Delivery of sperms

c. Site of fertilization

d. Produce sperms

Ans i. Oviducts Site of fertilization

ii. Testes Produce sperms

2 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Cytology a. Cells with self-multiplying ability.

ii. Pleuripotency b. Production of replica of any cell or organ or entire organism.

Study of Structure, types and organelles of the cell, cell division many other
c.
aspects of the cell.

Ans Study of Structure, types and organelles of the cell, cell division many other
i. Cytology
aspects of the cell.

ii. Pleuripotency Cells with self-multiplying ability.

3 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Police a. 108
 ii. Fire fighting force b. 100

c. 102

d. 101

Ans i. Police 100

ii. Fire fighting force 101

4 Column "A" Column "B" Column "C"

i. Coal Potential energy Wind electricity plant

ii. Uranium Kinetic energy Hydroelectric plant

Nuclear energy Thermal plant

Thermal energy Nuclear power plant

Ans i. Coal Thermal energy Thermal plant

ii. Uranium Nuclear energy Nuclear power plant

5 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Protein synthesis a. Non Radioactive

ii. C-12 b. Evolution

c. Central Dogma

Ans i. Protein synthesis Central Dogma

ii. C-12 Non Radioactive

6 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Clearing of debris a. Phase of emergency

ii. Farming practices restarted b. Transitional phase

c. Reconstruction

Ans i. Clearing of debris Transitional phase

ii. Farming practices restarted Reconstruction

7 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Partial or complete collapsing of buildings a. Medical

ii. Death of victims b. Economic

c. Environmental

d. Administrative

Ans i. Partial or complete collapsing of buildings Environmental

ii. Death of victims Medical

8 Column "A" Column "B"

i. 2000 a. Forest Conservation Act

ii. 2011 b. Sound Pollution rule

c. E-waste rule

Ans i. 2000 Sound Pollution rule

ii. 2011 E-waste rule

9 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Bioremediation a. Production of replica of any cell or organ or entire organism.

ii. Cloning b. Some organs like liver, heart, eyes can be donated after death only.

process used to treat contaminated media, including water, soil and

c. subsurface material, by altering environmental conditions to stimulate
growth of microorganisms and degrade the target pollutants.

Ans Process used to treat contaminated media, including water, soil and subsurface
i. Bioremediation material, by altering environmental conditions to stimulate growth of
microorganisms and degrade the target pollutants.

ii. Cloning Production of replica of any cell or organ or entire organism.

10 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Earthquakes a. Plants

ii. Wars b. Geological

c. Man made

Ans i. Earthquakes Geological

ii. Wars Man made

11 Column "A" Column "B"

i. White Biotechnology a. Microbial techniques used for sewage treatment

ii. Erythropoietin b. Alcohol production with the help of transgenic yeast

c. Used in treatment of anaemia

Ans i. White Biotechnology Alcohol production with the help of transgenic yeast

ii. Erythropoietin Used in treatment of anaemia

12 Column "A" Column "B"

Chromosomes become arranged in a

i. Telophase a.
plane at the equator.

Daughter chromosomes move to

ii. Metaphase b.
opposite poles of the cell

Chromosomes become visible and

 c. centrioles moves to opposite poles of the
cell.

Chromosomes lose their distinctiveness

d. and gradually become transformed into
chromatin network.

Ans Chromosomes lose their distinctiveness and gradually

i. Telophase
become transformed into chromatin network.

Chromosomes become arranged in a plane at the

ii. Metaphase
equator.

13 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Consumers a. Green plants

ii. Decomposers b. Herbivores

c. Bacteria

Ans i. Consumers Herbivores

ii. Decomposers Bacteria

14 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Reproduction a. Develops into embryo

ii. Zygote b. Reproduction.

c. Prevents extinction

Ans i. Reproduction Prevents extinction

ii. Zygote Develops into embryo

15 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Plastic bottles a, Polylactic acid

ii. Garbage bags b. Acetaldehyde

c. Acetic acid

d. Polyethylene Terephthalate Polyester

Ans i. Plastic bottles Polyethylene Terephthalate Polyester

ii. Garbage bags Polylactic acid

16 Column "A" Column "B"

i. 1980 a. Environmental conservation Act

ii. 1986 b. E-waste rule

c. Forest Conservation Act

Ans i. 1980 Forest Conservation Act

 ii. 1986 Environmental conservation Act

17 Colomn "A" Colomn "B" Colomn "C"

i. Male Ascaris a. Ectoparasites 1. Aschelminthes

ii. Leech b. Free living 2. Porifera

c. Endoparasites 3. Annelida

d. Fungal parasites 4. Arthropoda

Ans Male Ascaris Endoparasites Aschelminthes

Leech Ectoparasites Annelida

18 Colomn "A" Colomn "B" Colomn "C"

Phylum- Animals in phylum Hemichordata- Larvae metamorphose into

i. a. 1.
Chordata Saccoglossus adults

Phylum- Animals in Sub-phylum Urochordata- Notochord present in

ii. b. 2.
Mollusca herdmania probosis

Animals in phylum Platyhelminthes-

c. 3. Soft and slimy body
Liverfluke

d. Animals in phylum Mollusca- snail 4. Flat-worms

Ans i. Phylum- Animals in Sub- phylum Urochordata- Larvae metamorphose into

Chordata herdmania adults

ii. Phylum-
Animals in phylum Mollusca-snail Soft and slimy body
Mollusca

19 Column "A" Column "B" Column "C"

i. Electric Generator Photovoltaic Cell Fission of Nuclei

ii. Thermal power generation Uranium and Plutonium Electromagnetic induction

Turbine Combustion of fossil fuels

Steam generator Energy from sunlight

Ans i. Electric generator Turbine Electromagnetic induction

ii. Thermal power generation Steam generator Combustion of fossil fuels

20 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Tobacco consumption a. Imprisonment for 3 yrs & fine upto RS 5 lakhs

ii. IT act 2000 b. Runs programs in various schools in Mumbai

c. WHO, TATA trusts aim to tobacco free country

Ans i. Tobacco consumption WHO, TATA trusts aim to tobacco free country

ii. IT act 2000 Imprisonment for 3 yrs & fine upto RS 5 lakhs
21 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Regeneration a. Planaria

ii. Spore formation b. Amoeba

c. Mucor

d. Hibiscus

Ans i. Regeneration Planaria

ii. Spore formation Mucor

22 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Sudden increase in fund expenditure a. Environmental

ii. Collapsing transport system b. Economic

c. Administrative

Ans i. Sudden increase in fund expenditure Economic

ii. Collapsing transport system Administrative

23 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Interferon a. Diabetes

ii. Factor VIII b. Dwarfness

iii. Somatostatin c. Viral infection

iv. Interleukin d. Cancer

e. Haemophilia

Ans i. Interferon Viral infection

ii. Factor VIII Haemophilia

iii. Somatostatin Dwarfness

iv. Interleukin Cancer

24 Column "A" Column "B"

i. IPCC a. World Wildlife Fund

ii. UNEP b. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

c. United Nations Environment Program

Ans i. IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

ii. UNEP United Nations Environment Program

25 Column "A" Column "B"

 i. Reproduction a. Develops into embryo

ii. Asexual reproduction b. Prevents extinction

c. One parent

Ans i. Reproduction Prevents extinction

ii. Asexual reproduction One parent

26 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Multiple fission a. Fragment formation

ii. Budding b. Cyst formation

c. Spore formation

d. Formation of outgrowth

Ans i. Multiple fission Cyst formation

ii. Budding Formation of outgrowth

27 Column "A" Column "B" Column "C"

i. Water reservoir Potential energy Wind electricity plant

ii. Wind Kinetic energy Hydroelectric plant

Nuclear energy Thermal plant

Thermal energy Nuclear power plant

Ans i. Water reservoir Thermal energy Thermal plant

ii. Wind Nuclear energy Nuclear power plant

28 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Whatsapp, facebook, emails a. Cannot think rationally

ii. Increase in old age homes b. May lead to cyber crime

c. Lack of knowledge about disease like Leprosy, TB

Ans i. Whatsapp, facebook, emails May lead to cyber crime

ii. Increase in old age homes Lack of knowledge about disease like Leprosy, TB

29 Column "A" Column "B"

Various methods applied for harvesting maximum yield from minimum land,
White
i. a. Improvised dwarf varieties of wheat and rice, proper use of fertilizers and
revolution
pesticides and water management.

Blue Related with processing, quality control, preservation of milk and milk related
ii. b.
revolution products.

c. Production of various useful aquatic organisms with the help of water.

Ans White Related with processing, quality control, preservation of milk and milk related
i.
revolution products.

ii. Blue revolution Production of various useful aquatic organisms with the help of water.

30 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Fragmentation a. Hydra

ii. Budding b. Amoeba

c. Mucor

d. Spirogyra

Ans i. Fragmentation Spirogyra

ii. Budding Hydra

31 Column "A" Column "B"

Green Related with processing, quality control, preservation of milk and milk related
i. a.
revolution products.

Various methods applied for harvesting maximum yield from minimum land,
White
ii. b. Improvised dwarf varieties of wheat and rice, proper use of fertilizers and
revolution
pesticides and water management.

c. Production of various useful aquatic organisms with the help of water.

Ans Various methods applied for harvesting maximum yield from minimum land, Improvised
Green
i. dwarf varieties of wheat and rice, proper use of fertilizers and pesticides and water
revolution
management.

White
ii. Related with processing, quality control, preservation of milk and milk related products.
revolution

32 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Laughing loudly a. Has power to change the mindset

ii. Cyber crime b. Helps in bursting mental stress

c. IT-Act

Ans i. Laughing loudly Helps in bursting mental stress

ii. Cyber crime IT-Act

33 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Clause 49 B a. Ban on trading of rare animals.

ii. Clause 49 C b. Ban on articles prepared from skin or organs of wild animals.

c. Disclosure of the stock of artifacts made from rare wild animals is compulsory

Ans i. Clause 49 B Ban on articles prepared from skin or organs of wild animals.

ii. Clause 49 C Disclosure of the stock of artifacts made from rare wild animals is compulsory.
34 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Ethanol a. Production of minrals like Calcium and iron

ii. Grapes b. Moke-less fuel

c. Wine

Ans i. Ethanol Smoke-less fuel

ii. Grapes Wine

35 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Sexual health a. Develops into embryo

ii. Sexual reproduction b. Two parents

c. One parent

d. Contraception

Ans i. Sexual health Contraception

[Link] reproduction Two parents

36 Column "A" Column "B"

Technology based on biology that harnesses cellular and biomolecular

Posthumous
i. a. processes to develop technologies and products that help improve our lives
donation
and the health of our planet.

ii. Biotechnology b. Some organs like liver, heart, eyes can be donated after death only.

Process used to treat contaminated media, including water, soil and

c. subsurface material, by altering environmental conditions to stimulate growth
of microorganisms and degrade the target pollutants.

Ans i. Posthumousdonation Some organs like liver, heart, eyes can be donated after death only.

Technology based on biology that harnesses cellular and biomolecular

ii. Biotechnology processes to develop technologies and products that help improve our lives
and the health of our planet.

37 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Lycopenes a, Protein binding

ii. Nycin b. Colour

c. Microbial restrictor

Ans i. Lycopenes Colour

ii. Nycin Microbial restrictor

38 Column "A" Column "B" Column "C"

i. Wind Dams Solar energy

 ii. Water Power plant Chemical energy

Solar panels Potential energy

Windmill Kinetic energy

Ans i. Wind Windmill Kinetic energy

ii. Water Dams Potential energy

39 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Indian mustard a, Radiations

ii. Deinococcus radiodurans b. Selenium

c. Arsenic

d. Uranium

Ans i. Indian mustard Selenium

ii. Deinococcus radiodurans Radiations

40 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Gregor Mendel a. Lamarckism

ii. Hugo de Vries b. Modern Genetics

c. Amino acids

d. Mutation

Ans i. Gregor Mendel Modern Genetics

ii. Hugo de Vries Mutation

41 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Haemoglobin a. Skin

ii. Ossein b. Blood

c. Bones

Ans i. Haemoglobin Blood

ii. Ossein Bones

42 Column "A" Column "B" Column "C"

i. Whale a. Non- chordate 1. Arthropoda

ii. Centipede b. Hemichordate 2. Pisces

c. Chordate 3. Annelida

d. Pre-chordate 4. Mammalia

Ans
 Whale Chordate Mammalia

Centipede Non-chordate Arthropoda

43 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Birds a. Invertebrates

ii. Deep sea fishes b. Aves

c. Cro Magnon

d. Pisces

Ans Birds Aves

Deep sea fishes Pisces

44 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Ovaries a. Site of fertilization

ii. Vagina b. Produce sperms

c. Produce eggs

d. Pathway through which baby comes out

Ans i. Ovaries Produce eggs

ii. Vagina Pathway through which baby comes out

45 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Peer group influence a. Mental stress

ii. Molestation b. Cyber crime

c. Addiction

d. Self-centred personality

Ans i. Peer group influence c. Addiction

ii. Molestation a. Mental stress

46 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Proteins a. Energy giving

ii. Vitamins and Minerals b. Body building

c. Protective and regulating

d. Biological catalysts

Ans i. Proteins Body building

ii. Vitamins and Minerals Protective and regulating

47 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Flooding a. Biological disaster

ii. Cyclones b. Geological disaster

c. Atmospheric disaster

d. Man-made disaster

Ans i. Flooding b. Geological disaster

ii. Cyclones c. Atmospheric disaster

48 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Interferon a. Hemophilia

ii. VIII Factor b. Cancer

c. Viral infection

Ans i. Interferon Viral infection

ii. VIII Factor Hemophilia

49 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Vagina a. Pathway through which baby comes out

ii. Penis b. Delivery of sperms

c. Site of fertilization

d. Produce sperms

Ans i. Vagina Pathway through which baby comes out

ii. Penis Delivery of sperms

50 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Aspartame a, Anaerobic respiration

ii. Fermentation b. Microbial restrictor

iii. Niacin c. Vanillin

iv. Escence d. Sweetener

Ans i. Aspartame Sweetener

ii. Fermentation Anaerobic respiration

iii. Niacin Microbial restrictor

iv. Escence Vanillin

51 Column "A" Column "B"

 i. Alcohol consumption a. Helps us to relieve the stress

ii. Meditation b. Liquor poisoning can be fatal

c. Improves concentration & Positive temperament

Ans i. Alcohol consumption Liquor poisoning can be fatal

ii. Meditation Improves concentration & Positive temperament

52 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Tsunami a. Geological disaster

ii. Leakage of poisonous gases b. Biological disaster

c. Man-made disaster

d. Atmospheric disaster

Ans i. Tsunami b. Geological disaster

ii. Leakage of poisonous gases c. Man-made disaster

53 Column "A" Column "B" Column "C"

i. Solar power generation Photovoltaic Cell Fission of Nuclei

ii. Nuclear power generation Uranium and Plutonium Electromagnetic induction

Turbine Combustion of fossil fuels

Steam generator Energy from sunlight

Ans i. Solar power generation Photovoltaic cell Energy from sunlight

ii. Nuclear power generation Uranium and plutonium Fission of nuclei

54 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Multiple fission a. Spirogyra

ii. Budding b. Amoeba

c. Mucor

d. Hydra

Ans i. Multiple fission Amoeba

ii. Budding Hydra

55 Column "A" Column "B"

i. National Institute of Immunology a. Research on cells

ii. National Center for Cell Science in Pune b. Research on crops

c. Biotechnology

Ans i. National Institute of Immunology Biotechnology

 ii. National Center for Cell Science in Pune Research on cells

56 Column "A" Column "B

i. Environment Biotechnology a. Alcohol production with the help of transgenic yeast

ii. White Biotechnology b. Microbial techniques used for sewage treatment

c. Used in treatment of anaemia

Ans i. Environment Biotechnology Used in treatment of anaemia

ii. White Biotechnology Alcohol production with the help of transgenic yeast

57 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Grapes a. Production of minrals like Calcium and iron

ii. Xanthene b. Wine

c. Xanthomonas

Ans i. Grapes Wine

ii. Xanthene Xanthomonas

58 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Producers a. Bacteria

ii. Consumers b. Green plants

c. Herbivores

Ans i. Producers Green plants

ii. Consumers Herbivores

59 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Gluconic acid a. Artificial sweetener

ii. Xylitol b. Production of minrals like Calcium and iron

c. Wine

Ans i. Gluconic acid Production of minrals like Calcium and iron

ii. Xylitol Artificial sweetener.

60 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Xylitol a. Colour

ii. Citric acid b. Artificial sweetner

c. To impact acidity

Ans i. Xylitol Artificial sweetner

 ii. Citric acid To impact acidity

61 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Vulnerable species a. Musk deer

ii. Indeterminate species b. Tiger

c. Shekhru

Ans i. Vulnerable species Tiger

ii. Indeterminate species Shekhru

62 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Multiple fission a. Fragment formation

ii. Spirogyra b. Cyst formation

c. Spore formation

d. Gamete formation

Ans i. Multiple fission Cyst formation

ii. Spirogyra Fragment formation

63 Column "A" Column "B" Column "C"

i. Biofuel Dams Solar energy

ii. Sun Power plant Chemical energy

Solar panels Potential energy

Windmill Kinetic energy

Ans i. Biofuel Power plant Chemical energy

ii. Sun Solar panels Solar energy

64 Column "A" Column "B"

i. WWF a. International Union for Conservation of Nature

ii. IUCN b. United Nations Environment Program

c. World Wildlife Fund

Ans i. WWF World Wildlife Fund

ii. IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature

65 Column "A" Column "B"

Chromosomes become arranged in a

i. Anaphase a.
plane at the equator.

Daughter chromosomes move to

ii. Prophase b.
opposite poles of the cell
 Chromosomes become visible and
c. centrioles moves to opposite poles of the
cell.

Chromosomes lose their distinctiveness

d. and gradually become transformed into
chromatin network.

Ans Daughter chromosomes move to opposite poles of the

i. Anaphase
cell.

Chromosomes become visible and centrioles moves to

ii. Prophase
opposite poles of the cell.

66 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Somatostatin a. Diabetes

ii. Interleukin b. Dwarfness

c. Cancer

Ans i. Somatostatin Dwarfness

ii. Interleukin Cancer

67 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Endangered species a. Shekhru

ii. Rare species b. Lion tailed monkey

c. Musk deer

Ans i. Endangered species Lion tailed monkey

ii. Rare species Musk deer

68 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Terrorism a. Plants

ii. Floods b. Man made

c. Animals

d. Atmospheric

Ans i. Terrorism Man made

ii. Floods Atmospheric

69 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Pseudomonas bacteria a. Can absorb the arsenic from the soil

ii. Pteris vitata b. Used to absorb the radiations from radioactive debris

c. Cleaning the hydrocarbon & oil pollutants from soil, and water
Ans i. Pseudomonas bacteria Cleaning the hydrocarbon & oil pollutants from soil, and water

ii. Pteris vitata Can absorb the arsenic from the soil

70 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Clause 49 A a. Disclosure of the stock of artifacts made from rare wild animals is compulsory

ii. Clause 49 B b. Ban on trading of rare animals.

Ban on articles prepared from skin or organs of wild animals.

Ans i. Clause 49 A Ban on trading of rare animals.

ii. Clause 49 B Ban on articles prepared from skin or organs of wild animals.

71 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) a. Biotechnology

ii. National Institute of Immunology b. Research on cells

c. Research on crops

Ans i. Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) Research on crops

ii. National Institute of Immunology Biotechnology

72 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Peripatus a. Vestigial part

ii. Coccyx b. Annelida and Arthropoda

c. Anatomical Evidance

d. Translocation

Ans i. Peripatus Annelida and Arthropoda

ii. Coccyx Vestigial part

73 Select the two options in the 'B' group related to 'A' group.

‘A' Group 'B' Group

i. Salaam Mumbai Foundation a. Work against alcoholism

b. Freedom from Tobacco

c. Laughter Club

d. Help to improve student's lifestyle

Ans i. Salaam Mumbai Foundation Freedom from Tobacco

Help to improve student's lifestyle

74 Column "A" Column "B"

 i. Deinococcus radiodurans a. Can absorb uranium and arsenic

ii. Sunflower b. Can absorb selenium from soil

c. Used to absorb the radiations from radioactive debris

Ans i. Deinococcus radiodurans Used to absorb the radiations from radioactive debris

ii. Sunflower Can absorb uranium and arsenic

75 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Sunflower a. Used to absorb the radiations from radioactive debris

ii. Indian mustard b. Can absorb uranium and arsenic

c. Can absorb selenium from soil

Ans i. Sunflower Can absorb uranium and arsenic

ii. Indian mustard Can absorb selenium from soil

76 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Taking Selfies a. Properly and positively utilize our free time

ii. Fostering Hobbies b. Person is not aware about the world around and risks

c. Affects nervous system and Liver

Ans i. Taking Selfies Person is not aware about the world around and risks

ii. Fostering Hobbies Properly and positively utilize our free time

77 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Regeneration a. Cyst formation

ii. Rhizopus b. Reconstruction of entire body

c. Spore formation

d. Gamete formation

Ans i. Regeneration Reconstruction of entire body

ii. Rhizopus Spore formation

78 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Weeds a. Animals

ii. Malaria b. Plants

c. Atmospheric

Ans i. Weeds Plants

ii. Malaria Animals

79 Column "A" Column "B"

 i. 1998 a. Sound Pollution rule

ii. 2000 b. Forest Conservation Act

c. Biomedical waste rule

Ans i. 1998 Biomedical waste rule

ii. 2000 Sound Pollution rule

80 Colomn "A" Colomn "B"

i. Phylum-Platyhelminthes a. Coelomate

ii. Phylum-Aschelminthes b. Semi-coelomate

c. Pseudocoelomate

d. Acoelomate

Ans i. Phylum-Platyhelminthes Acoelomate

ii. Phylum-Aschelminthes Pseudocoelomate

81 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Saccharomyces cerevisiae a, Clean fuel

ii. Ethanol b. Cider

c. Coffee

Ans i. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cider

ii. Ethanol Clean fuel

82 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Xylitol a, Pigment

ii. Citric acid b. To impart sweetness

iii. Lycopene c. Microbial resistor

iv. Nycin d. Protein-building emulsifier

e. To impart acidity

Ans i. Xylitol To impart sweetness

ii. Citric acid To impart acidity

iii. Lycopene Pigment

iv. Nycin Microbial resistor

83 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Oviducts a. Pathway through which baby comes out

ii. Testes b. Delivery of sperms

 c. Site of fertilization

d. Produce sperms

Ans i. Oviducts Site of fertilization

ii. Testes Produce sperms

84 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Cytology a. Cells with self-multiplying ability.

ii. Pleuripotency b. Production of replica of any cell or organ or entire organism.

Study of Structure, types and organelles of the cell, cell division many other
c.
aspects of the cell.

Ans Study of Structure, types and organelles of the cell, cell division many other
i. Cytology
aspects of the cell.

ii. Pleuripotency Cells with self-multiplying ability.

85 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Police a. 108

ii. Fire fighting force b. 100

c. 102

d. 101

Ans i. Police 100

ii. Fire fighting force 101

86 Column "A" Column "B" Column "C"

i. Coal Potential energy Wind electricity plant

ii. Uranium Kinetic energy Hydroelectric plant

Nuclear energy Thermal plant

Thermal energy Nuclear power plant

Ans i. Coal Thermal energy Thermal plant

ii. Uranium Nuclear energy Nuclear power plant

87 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Protein synthesis a. Non Radioactive

ii. C-12 b. Evolution

c. Central Dogma

Ans i. Protein synthesis Central Dogma

 ii. C-12 Non Radioactive

88 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Clearing of debris a. Phase of emergency

ii. Farming practices restarted b. Transitional phase

c. Reconstruction

Ans i. Clearing of debris Transitional phase

ii. Farming practices restarted Reconstruction

89 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Partial or complete collapsing of buildings a. Medical

ii. Death of victims b. Economic

c. Environmental

d. Administrative

Ans i. Partial or complete collapsing of buildings Environmental

ii. Death of victims Medical

90 Column "A" Column "B"

i. 2000 a. Forest Conservation Act

ii. 2011 b. Sound Pollution rule

c. E-waste rule

Ans i. 2000 Sound Pollution rule

ii. 2011 E-waste rule

91 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Bioremediation a. Production of replica of any cell or organ or entire organism.

ii. Cloning b. Some organs like liver, heart, eyes can be donated after death only.

process used to treat contaminated media, including water, soil and

c. subsurface material, by altering environmental conditions to stimulate
growth of microorganisms and degrade the target pollutants.

Ans Process used to treat contaminated media, including water, soil and subsurface
i. Bioremediation material, by altering environmental conditions to stimulate growth of
microorganisms and degrade the target pollutants.

ii. Cloning Production of replica of any cell or organ or entire organism.

92 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Earthquakes a. Plants

ii. Wars b. Geological

 c. Man made

Ans i. Earthquakes Geological

ii. Wars Man made

93 Column "A" Column "B"

i. White Biotechnology a. Microbial techniques used for sewage treatment

ii. Erythropoietin b. Alcohol production with the help of transgenic yeast

c. Used in treatment of anaemia

Ans i. White Biotechnology Alcohol production with the help of transgenic yeast

ii. Erythropoietin Used in treatment of anaemia

94 Column "A" Column "B"

Chromosomes become arranged in a

i. Telophase a.
plane at the equator.

Daughter chromosomes move to

ii. Metaphase b.
opposite poles of the cell

Chromosomes become visible and

c. centrioles moves to opposite poles of the
cell.

Chromosomes lose their distinctiveness

d. and gradually become transformed into
chromatin network.

Ans Chromosomes lose their distinctiveness and gradually

i. Telophase
become transformed into chromatin network.

Chromosomes become arranged in a plane at the

ii. Metaphase
equator.

95 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Consumers a. Green plants

ii. Decomposers b. Herbivores

c. Bacteria

Ans i. Consumers Herbivores

ii. Decomposers Bacteria

96 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Reproduction a. Develops into embryo

ii. Zygote b. Reproduction.

c. Prevents extinction
Ans i. Reproduction Prevents extinction

ii. Zygote Develops into embryo

97 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Plastic bottles a, Polylactic acid

ii. Garbage bags b. Acetaldehyde

c. Acetic acid

d. Polyethylene Terephthalate Polyester

Ans i. Plastic bottles Polyethylene Terephthalate Polyester

ii. Garbage bags Polylactic acid

98 Column "A" Column "B"

i. 1980 a. Environmental conservation Act

ii. 1986 b. E-waste rule

c. Forest Conservation Act

Ans i. 1980 Forest Conservation Act

ii. 1986 Environmental conservation Act

99 Colomn "A" Colomn "B" Colomn "C"

i. Male Ascaris a. Ectoparasites 1. Aschelminthes

ii. Leech b. Free living 2. Porifera

c. Endoparasites 3. Annelida

d. Fungal parasites 4. Arthropoda

Ans Male Ascaris Endoparasites Aschelminthes

Leech Ectoparasites Annelida

100 Colomn "A" Colomn "B" Colomn "C"

Phylum- Animals in phylum Hemichordata- Larvae metamorphose into

i. a. 1.
Chordata Saccoglossus adults

Phylum- Animals in Sub-phylum Urochordata- Notochord present in

ii. b. 2.
Mollusca herdmania probosis

Animals in phylum Platyhelminthes-

c. 3. Soft and slimy body
Liverfluke

d. Animals in phylum Mollusca- snail 4. Flat-worms

Ans i. Phylum- Animals in Sub- phylum Urochordata- Larvae metamorphose into

Chordata herdmania adults

ii. Phylum- Animals in phylum Mollusca-snail Soft and slimy body

 Mollusca

101 Column "A" Column "B" Column "C"

i. Electric Generator Photovoltaic Cell Fission of Nuclei

ii. Thermal power generation Uranium and Plutonium Electromagnetic induction

Turbine Combustion of fossil fuels

Steam generator Energy from sunlight

Ans i. Electric generator Turbine Electromagnetic induction

ii. Thermal power generation Steam generator Combustion of fossil fuels

102 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Tobacco consumption a. Imprisonment for 3 yrs & fine upto RS 5 lakhs

ii. IT act 2000 b. Runs programs in various schools in Mumbai

c. WHO, TATA trusts aim to tobacco free country

Ans i. Tobacco consumption WHO, TATA trusts aim to tobacco free country

ii. IT act 2000 Imprisonment for 3 yrs & fine upto RS 5 lakhs

103 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Regeneration a. Planaria

ii. Spore formation b. Amoeba

c. Mucor

d. Hibiscus

Ans i. Regeneration Planaria

ii. Spore formation Mucor

104 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Sudden increase in fund expenditure a. Environmental

ii. Collapsing transport system b. Economic

c. Administrative

Ans i. Sudden increase in fund expenditure Economic

ii. Collapsing transport system Administrative

105 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Interferon a. Diabetes

ii. Factor VIII b. Dwarfness

iii. Somatostatin c. Viral infection

 iv. Interleukin d. Cancer

e. Haemophilia

Ans i. Interferon Viral infection

ii. Factor VIII Haemophilia

iii. Somatostatin Dwarfness

iv. Interleukin Cancer

106 Column "A" Column "B"

i. IPCC a. World Wildlife Fund

ii. UNEP b. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

c. United Nations Environment Program

Ans i. IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

ii. UNEP United Nations Environment Program

107 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Reproduction a. Develops into embryo

ii. Asexual reproduction b. Prevents extinction

c. One parent

Ans i. Reproduction Prevents extinction

ii. Asexual reproduction One parent

108 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Multiple fission a. Fragment formation

ii. Budding b. Cyst formation

c. Spore formation

d. Formation of outgrowth

Ans i. Multiple fission Cyst formation

ii. Budding Formation of outgrowth

109 Column "A" Column "B" Column "C"

i. Water reservoir Potential energy Wind electricity plant

ii. Wind Kinetic energy Hydroelectric plant

Nuclear energy Thermal plant

Thermal energy Nuclear power plant

Ans i. Water reservoir Thermal energy Thermal plant

 ii. Wind Nuclear energy Nuclear power plant

110 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Whatsapp, facebook, emails a. Cannot think rationally

ii. Increase in old age homes b. May lead to cyber crime

c. Lack of knowledge about disease like Leprosy, TB

Ans i. Whatsapp, facebook, emails May lead to cyber crime

ii. Increase in old age homes Lack of knowledge about disease like Leprosy, TB

111 Column "A" Column "B"

Various methods applied for harvesting maximum yield from minimum land,
White
i. a. Improvised dwarf varieties of wheat and rice, proper use of fertilizers and
revolution
pesticides and water management.

Blue Related with processing, quality control, preservation of milk and milk related
ii. b.
revolution products.

c. Production of various useful aquatic organisms with the help of water.

Ans White Related with processing, quality control, preservation of milk and milk related
i.
revolution products.

ii. Blue revolution Production of various useful aquatic organisms with the help of water.

112 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Fragmentation a. Hydra

ii. Budding b. Amoeba

c. Mucor

d. Spirogyra

Ans i. Fragmentation Spirogyra

ii. Budding Hydra

113 Column "A" Column "B"

Green Related with processing, quality control, preservation of milk and milk related
i. a.
revolution products.

Various methods applied for harvesting maximum yield from minimum land,
White
ii. b. Improvised dwarf varieties of wheat and rice, proper use of fertilizers and
revolution
pesticides and water management.

c. Production of various useful aquatic organisms with the help of water.

Ans Various methods applied for harvesting maximum yield from minimum land, Improvised
Green
i. dwarf varieties of wheat and rice, proper use of fertilizers and pesticides and water
revolution
management.
 ii. White Related with processing, quality control, preservation of milk and milk related products.
revolution

114 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Laughing loudly a. Has power to change the mindset

ii. Cyber crime b. Helps in bursting mental stress

c. IT-Act

Ans i. Laughing loudly Helps in bursting mental stress

ii. Cyber crime IT-Act

115 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Clause 49 B a. Ban on trading of rare animals.

ii. Clause 49 C b. Ban on articles prepared from skin or organs of wild animals.

c. Disclosure of the stock of artifacts made from rare wild animals is compulsory

Ans i. Clause 49 B Ban on articles prepared from skin or organs of wild animals.

ii. Clause 49 C Disclosure of the stock of artifacts made from rare wild animals is compulsory.

116 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Ethanol a. Production of minrals like Calcium and iron

ii. Grapes b. Moke-less fuel

c. Wine

Ans i. Ethanol Smoke-less fuel

ii. Grapes Wine

117 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Sexual health a. Develops into embryo

ii. Sexual reproduction b. Two parents

c. One parent

d. Contraception

Ans i. Sexual health Contraception

[Link] reproduction Two parents

118 Column "A" Column "B"

Technology based on biology that harnesses cellular and biomolecular

Posthumous
i. a. processes to develop technologies and products that help improve our lives
donation
and the health of our planet.

ii. Biotechnology b. Some organs like liver, heart, eyes can be donated after death only.
 Process used to treat contaminated media, including water, soil and
c. subsurface material, by altering environmental conditions to stimulate growth
of microorganisms and degrade the target pollutants.

Ans i. Posthumousdonation Some organs like liver, heart, eyes can be donated after death only.

Technology based on biology that harnesses cellular and biomolecular

ii. Biotechnology processes to develop technologies and products that help improve our lives
and the health of our planet.

119 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Lycopenes a, Protein binding

ii. Nycin b. Colour

c. Microbial restrictor

Ans i. Lycopenes Colour

ii. Nycin Microbial restrictor

120 Column "A" Column "B" Column "C"

i. Wind Dams Solar energy

ii. Water Power plant Chemical energy

Solar panels Potential energy

Windmill Kinetic energy

Ans i. Wind Windmill Kinetic energy

ii. Water Dams Potential energy

121 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Indian mustard a, Radiations

ii. Deinococcus radiodurans b. Selenium

c. Arsenic

d. Uranium

Ans i. Indian mustard Selenium

ii. Deinococcus radiodurans Radiations

122 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Gregor Mendel a. Lamarckism

ii. Hugo de Vries b. Modern Genetics

c. Amino acids

d. Mutation

Ans
 i. Gregor Mendel Modern Genetics

ii. Hugo de Vries Mutation

123 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Haemoglobin a. Skin

ii. Ossein b. Blood

c. Bones

Ans i. Haemoglobin Blood

ii. Ossein Bones

124 Column "A" Column "B" Column "C"

i. Whale a. Non- chordate 1. Arthropoda

ii. Centipede b. Hemichordate 2. Pisces

c. Chordate 3. Annelida

d. Pre-chordate 4. Mammalia

Ans Whale Chordate Mammalia

Centipede Non-chordate Arthropoda

125 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Birds a. Invertebrates

ii. Deep sea fishes b. Aves

c. Cro Magnon

d. Pisces

Ans Birds Aves

Deep sea fishes Pisces

126 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Ovaries a. Site of fertilization

ii. Vagina b. Produce sperms

c. Produce eggs

d. Pathway through which baby comes out

Ans i. Ovaries Produce eggs

ii. Vagina Pathway through which baby comes out

127 Column "A" Column "B"

 i. Peer group influence a. Mental stress

ii. Molestation b. Cyber crime

c. Addiction

d. Self-centred personality

Ans i. Peer group influence c. Addiction

ii. Molestation a. Mental stress

128 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Proteins a. Energy giving

ii. Vitamins and Minerals b. Body building

c. Protective and regulating

d. Biological catalysts

Ans i. Proteins Body building

ii. Vitamins and Minerals Protective and regulating

129 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Flooding a. Biological disaster

ii. Cyclones b. Geological disaster

c. Atmospheric disaster

d. Man-made disaster

Ans i. Flooding b. Geological disaster

ii. Cyclones c. Atmospheric disaster

130 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Interferon a. Hemophilia

ii. VIII Factor b. Cancer

c. Viral infection

Ans i. Interferon Viral infection

ii. VIII Factor Hemophilia

131 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Vagina a. Pathway through which baby comes out

ii. Penis b. Delivery of sperms

c. Site of fertilization
 d. Produce sperms

Ans i. Vagina Pathway through which baby comes out

ii. Penis Delivery of sperms

132 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Aspartame a, Anaerobic respiration

ii. Fermentation b. Microbial restrictor

iii. Niacin c. Vanillin

iv. Escence d. Sweetener

Ans i. Aspartame Sweetener

ii. Fermentation Anaerobic respiration

iii. Niacin Microbial restrictor

iv. Escence Vanillin

133 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Alcohol consumption a. Helps us to relieve the stress

ii. Meditation b. Liquor poisoning can be fatal

c. Improves concentration & Positive temperament

Ans i. Alcohol consumption Liquor poisoning can be fatal

ii. Meditation Improves concentration & Positive temperament

134 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Tsunami a. Geological disaster

ii. Leakage of poisonous gases b. Biological disaster

c. Man-made disaster

d. Atmospheric disaster

Ans i. Tsunami b. Geological disaster

ii. Leakage of poisonous gases c. Man-made disaster

135 Column "A" Column "B" Column "C"

i. Solar power generation Photovoltaic Cell Fission of Nuclei

ii. Nuclear power generation Uranium and Plutonium Electromagnetic induction

Turbine Combustion of fossil fuels

Steam generator Energy from sunlight

Ans
 i. Solar power generation Photovoltaic cell Energy from sunlight

ii. Nuclear power generation Uranium and plutonium Fission of nuclei

136 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Multiple fission a. Spirogyra

ii. Budding b. Amoeba

c. Mucor

d. Hydra

Ans i. Multiple fission Amoeba

ii. Budding Hydra

137 Column "A" Column "B"

i. National Institute of Immunology a. Research on cells

ii. National Center for Cell Science in Pune b. Research on crops

c. Biotechnology

Ans i. National Institute of Immunology Biotechnology

ii. National Center for Cell Science in Pune Research on cells

138 Column "A" Column "B

i. Environment Biotechnology a. Alcohol production with the help of transgenic yeast

ii. White Biotechnology b. Microbial techniques used for sewage treatment

c. Used in treatment of anaemia

Ans i. Environment Biotechnology Used in treatment of anaemia

ii. White Biotechnology Alcohol production with the help of transgenic yeast

139 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Grapes a. Production of minrals like Calcium and iron

ii. Xanthene b. Wine

c. Xanthomonas

Ans i. Grapes Wine

ii. Xanthene Xanthomonas

140 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Producers a. Bacteria

ii. Consumers b. Green plants

c. Herbivores
Ans i. Producers Green plants

ii. Consumers Herbivores

141 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Gluconic acid a. Artificial sweetener

ii. Xylitol b. Production of minrals like Calcium and iron

c. Wine

Ans i. Gluconic acid Production of minrals like Calcium and iron

ii. Xylitol Artificial sweetener.

142 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Xylitol a. Colour

ii. Citric acid b. Artificial sweetner

c. To impact acidity

Ans i. Xylitol Artificial sweetner

ii. Citric acid To impact acidity

143 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Vulnerable species a. Musk deer

ii. Indeterminate species b. Tiger

c. Shekhru

Ans i. Vulnerable species Tiger

ii. Indeterminate species Shekhru

144 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Multiple fission a. Fragment formation

ii. Spirogyra b. Cyst formation

c. Spore formation

d. Gamete formation

Ans i. Multiple fission Cyst formation

ii. Spirogyra Fragment formation

145 Column "A" Column "B" Column "C"

i. Biofuel Dams Solar energy

ii. Sun Power plant Chemical energy

Solar panels Potential energy

 Windmill Kinetic energy

Ans i. Biofuel Power plant Chemical energy

ii. Sun Solar panels Solar energy

146 Column "A" Column "B"

i. WWF a. International Union for Conservation of Nature

ii. IUCN b. United Nations Environment Program

c. World Wildlife Fund

Ans i. WWF World Wildlife Fund

ii. IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature

147 Column "A" Column "B"

Chromosomes become arranged in a

i. Anaphase a.
plane at the equator.

Daughter chromosomes move to

ii. Prophase b.
opposite poles of the cell

Chromosomes become visible and

c. centrioles moves to opposite poles of the
cell.

Chromosomes lose their distinctiveness

d. and gradually become transformed into
chromatin network.

Ans Daughter chromosomes move to opposite poles of the

i. Anaphase
cell.

Chromosomes become visible and centrioles moves to

ii. Prophase
opposite poles of the cell.

148 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Somatostatin a. Diabetes

ii. Interleukin b. Dwarfness

c. Cancer

Ans i. Somatostatin Dwarfness

ii. Interleukin Cancer

149 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Endangered species a. Shekhru

ii. Rare species b. Lion tailed monkey

c. Musk deer
Ans i. Endangered species Lion tailed monkey

ii. Rare species Musk deer

150 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Terrorism a. Plants

ii. Floods b. Man made

c. Animals

d. Atmospheric

Ans i. Terrorism Man made

ii. Floods Atmospheric

151 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Pseudomonas bacteria a. Can absorb the arsenic from the soil

ii. Pteris vitata b. Used to absorb the radiations from radioactive debris

c. Cleaning the hydrocarbon & oil pollutants from soil, and water

Ans i. Pseudomonas bacteria Cleaning the hydrocarbon & oil pollutants from soil, and water

ii. Pteris vitata Can absorb the arsenic from the soil

152 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Clause 49 A a. Disclosure of the stock of artifacts made from rare wild animals is compulsory

ii. Clause 49 B b. Ban on trading of rare animals.

Ban on articles prepared from skin or organs of wild animals.

Ans i. Clause 49 A Ban on trading of rare animals.

ii. Clause 49 B Ban on articles prepared from skin or organs of wild animals.

153 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) a. Biotechnology

ii. National Institute of Immunology b. Research on cells

c. Research on crops

Ans i. Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) Research on crops

ii. National Institute of Immunology Biotechnology

154 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Peripatus a. Vestigial part

ii. Coccyx b. Annelida and Arthropoda

c. Anatomical Evidance
 d. Translocation

Ans i. Peripatus Annelida and Arthropoda

ii. Coccyx Vestigial part

155 Select the two options in the 'B' group related to 'A' group.

‘A' Group 'B' Group

i. Salaam Mumbai Foundation a. Work against alcoholism

b. Freedom from Tobacco

c. Laughter Club

d. Help to improve student's lifestyle

Ans i. Salaam Mumbai Foundation Freedom from Tobacco

Help to improve student's lifestyle

156 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Deinococcus radiodurans a. Can absorb uranium and arsenic

ii. Sunflower b. Can absorb selenium from soil

c. Used to absorb the radiations from radioactive debris

Ans i. Deinococcus radiodurans Used to absorb the radiations from radioactive debris

ii. Sunflower Can absorb uranium and arsenic

157 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Sunflower a. Used to absorb the radiations from radioactive debris

ii. Indian mustard b. Can absorb uranium and arsenic

c. Can absorb selenium from soil

Ans i. Sunflower Can absorb uranium and arsenic

ii. Indian mustard Can absorb selenium from soil

158 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Taking Selfies a. Properly and positively utilize our free time

ii. Fostering Hobbies b. Person is not aware about the world around and risks

c. Affects nervous system and Liver

Ans i. Taking Selfies Person is not aware about the world around and risks

ii. Fostering Hobbies Properly and positively utilize our free time

159 Column "A" Column "B"

 i. Regeneration a. Cyst formation

ii. Rhizopus b. Reconstruction of entire body

c. Spore formation

d. Gamete formation

Ans i. Regeneration Reconstruction of entire body

ii. Rhizopus Spore formation

160 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Weeds a. Animals

ii. Malaria b. Plants

c. Atmospheric

Ans i. Weeds Plants

ii. Malaria Animals

161 Column "A" Column "B"

i. 1998 a. Sound Pollution rule

ii. 2000 b. Forest Conservation Act

c. Biomedical waste rule

Ans i. 1998 Biomedical waste rule

ii. 2000 Sound Pollution rule

162 Colomn "A" Colomn "B"

i. Phylum-Platyhelminthes a. Coelomate

ii. Phylum-Aschelminthes b. Semi-coelomate

c. Pseudocoelomate

d. Acoelomate

Ans i. Phylum-Platyhelminthes Acoelomate

ii. Phylum-Aschelminthes Pseudocoelomate

163 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Saccharomyces cerevisiae a, Clean fuel

ii. Ethanol b. Cider

c. Coffee

Ans i. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cider

ii. Ethanol Clean fuel

 164 Column "A" Column "B"

i. Xylitol a, Pigment

ii. Citric acid b. To impart sweetness

iii. Lycopene c. Microbial resistor

iv. Nycin d. Protein-building emulsifier

e. To impart acidity

Ans i. Xylitol To impart sweetness

ii. Citric acid To impart acidity

iii. Lycopene Pigment

iv. Nycin Microbial resistor

Q.9 State True or False 151

1 Land filling sites are lands in which are garbage from cities is dumped.

Ans Hand filling sites are lands in which are garbage from cities is dumped - True

2 Fostering the hobbies helps by diverting the energy and mind towards the positive thinking, negative thoughts
are automatically neutralized.

Ans True

3 Subsequent amendments of 2009, 2011 and 2014 in Transplantation human organs act were done so that
overall process would be little less expensive.

Ans False

4 It seems that vertebrates have slowly originated from invertebrates.

Ans True

5 Monosodium glutamate is Chemical name for ajinomoto

Ans Monosodium glutamate is Chemical name for ajinomoto - True

6 Excess of fats is stored in liver and muscles in the form of glycogen.

Ans False - Excess of carbohydrates is stored in liver and muscles in the form of glycogen.

7 Meiosis is called as a heterotypic division.

Ans True

8 In human beings, female attain puberty little later than males.

Ans In human beings, female attain puberty little later than males. - False,
In human beings, the males attain puberty little later than females.

9 C-12 is non-radioactive.

Ans C-12 is non-radioactive. True

10 Prophase of meiosis-I has five sub-stages.

Ans True

11 Arthropods show presence of a chitinous exoskeleton.

Ans Arthropods show presence of a chitinous exoskeleton. - True

12 The daughter cells produced by asexual reproduction are genetically identical to the parent cells.

Ans The daughter cells produced by asexual reproduction are genetically identical to the parent cells. - True

13 Earlier insulin was being collected from the pancreas of horses.

Ans True. Nowadays, due to biotechnology, insulin can be prepared with the help of bacteria.

14 Only the alcohol (liquor) formed out of faulty fermentation process is bad for nervous system and liver.

Ans False

15 Antibiotics cannot be obtained from a variety of bacteria and fungi.

Ans False. Antibiotics can be obtained from different types of bacteria and fungi.

16 Non-genetic technology involves mutations in cell genes.

Ans False. Non-genetic biotechnology involves use of either cell or tissue.

17 Nuclear energy is part of green energy.

Ans False.
Nuclear energy is not a part of green energy it can cause radioactive harm to the environment.

18 The human hand, cat’s foreleg, flipper of whale and patagium of bat provide Paleontological Evidences.

Ans The human hand, cat’s foreleg, flipper of whale and patagium of bat provide Paleontological Evidences.
False

19 The occurrence of menstrual cycle is related with reproductive and overall health of women.

Ans The occurrence of menstrual cycle is related with reproductive and overall health of women. - True.

20 Competition among students for marks has lead to mental stress.

Ans True - Fear of scoring less marks or failing in competition has lead to mental stress.

21 Coral reefs are actually colonies of specific cnidarians.

Ans Coral reefs are actually colonies of specific cnidarians. - True

22 Flow of nutrients in an ecosystem is unidirectional.

Ans Flow of nutrients in an ecosystem is unidirectional - False.

23 Physical activity is one way of keeping away from addiction.

Ans True - Physical activity keeps you occupied, so it is one way of keeping away from addiction.

24 Due to use of bio-fertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers, nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization
abilities of the plants are improved.

Ans True

25 Contamination of any material is its pollution.

Ans Contamination of any material is its pollution. - True

26 Vision is adversely affected due to noise pollution.

Ans False - Vision is adversely affected due to radioactive pollution.

27 Various essential elements like N, P, K are made available to crops by earthworms and fungi.

Ans
 True. Earthworms fertilize the soil by eating organic matter in the soil and excreting castings that are rich in
nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium - which are the essential elements for crops.

28 Wind energy can be converted into electrical energy.

Ans True.
The kinetic energy of the wind is converted into electrical energy through a windmill.

29 Cephalochordata is class under Non-Chordata.

Ans Cephalochordata is class under Non-Chordata.- False

Cephalochordata is a sub-phylum under Phylum Chordata.

30 Red panda is an endangered species.

Ans False - Red panda is a rare species.

31 Most of the Platyhelminthes are ectoparasites.

Ans Most of the Platyhelminthes are ectoparasites. - False

32 Fungi like Actinomycetes and Streptomyces have the ability to decompose plastic material from garbage.

Ans False. Fungi like Actinomycetes and Streptomyces have the ability to decompose rubber from garbage.

33 Lamarckism is the inheritance of acquired characters.

Ans Lamarckism is the inheritance of acquired characters - True

34 In reproductive cloning, there is no need of sperm to produce the new organism.

Ans True. A clone can be produced by fusion of a nucleus of somatic cell with the enucleated ovum of anybody.

35 In IVF (In Vitro Fertilization), the fertilization is brought about in the test tube.

Ans In IVF (In Vitro Fertilization), the fertilization is brought about in the test tube. - True

36 Tobacco containing substances cannot cause cancer of mouth and lungs.

Ans False. Tobacco containing substances cannot cause cancer of mouth and lungs.

37 Solar cells are made up of semiconductors.

Ans True.
Solar cells are made up of semiconductors such as silicon which efficiently convert solar energy to electricity.

38 Chromosomes are arranged in the form of chromatids at the equator in prophase.

Ans False - Chromosomes are arranged in the form of chromatids at the equator in metaphase.

39 Biotechnology is bringing about artificial genetic changes and hybridization in organisms for human welfare.

Ans True

40 Hydrogen gas is considered as fuel in future

Ans Hydrogen gas is considered as fuel in future - True

41 Germ cells divide by meiosis to produce gametes.

Ans True

42 It is advisable to disclose the aadhaar / PAN /credit card / debit card number and other personal information if
demanded by any person.

Ans False
43 Muscle cells in our body perform aerobic respiration while performing exercise.

Ans False - Muscle cells in our body perform anaerobic respiration while performing exercise.

44 Genetically modified crops have low resistance for disease.

Ans False. Genes for resistance to disease is inserted in such crops, so they have high resistance for disease.

45 We can use only our presence of mind, and need not make a disaster plan to face any disaster or calamity.

Ans False. A disaster management plan is necessary to face any type of disaster or calamity.

46 Mitosis keeps the chromosome number constant through the generations.

Ans False - Meiosis keeps the chromosome number constant through the generations.

47 Milk processed using lactobacilli.

Ans Milk processed using lactobacilli. - True

48 Traditionally, vaccines were prepared with the help of plant extracts.

Ans False. Traditionally, vaccines were prepared with the help of pathogens.

49 Bivalve is a Molluscan.

Ans Bivalve is a Molluscan.- True

50 The members of gynaecium are called as stamens.

Ans The members of gynaecium are called as stamens. - False,

The members of gynaecium are called as carpels.

51 Body of Annelids is long, cylindrical & metamerically segmented.

Ans Body of Annelids is long, cylindrical & metamerically segmented.- True

52 Energy is required for the functioning of all the life processes.

Ans True

53 Cheese is produced by fermentation with the help of the fungus Aspergillus oryzae.

Ans False. Soya sauce is produced by fermentation with the help of the fungus Aspergillus oryzae.

54 Biofuel is renewable sources of energy

Ans Biofuel is renewable sources of energy - True

55 The occurrence of diversity among the organisms of same species is called genetic diversity.

Ans The occurrence of diversity among the organisms of same species is called genetic diversity. - True

56 Disasters are never planned but losses due it can be prevented in a planned manner.

Ans Disasters are never planned but losses due it can be prevented in a planned manner. - True

57 X rays and radiations from atomic energy plants are artificial radiations.

Ans X rays and radiations from atomic energy plants are artificial radiations. - True

58 Diversity in living organism occurs due to genetic variation.

Ans Diversity in living organism occurs due to genetic variation. - True

59 Development of Herbicide tolerant plants varieties of crops has made it possible to selectively destroy the
weeds.
Ans True

60 In solar thermal plant, solar energy is first converted to heat energy.

Ans True.
The heat energy is then converted to produce electricity through turbines and generator.

61 In Saccoglossus, notochord is present in proboscis and collar.

Ans In Saccoglossus, notochord is present in proboscis and collar. - False

In Saccoglossus, notochord is present in proboscis only.

62 Human existence is totally impossible without the existence of nature.

Ans Human existence is totally impossible without the existence of nature. - True

63 Mitosis results in four daughter cells.

Ans False - Meiosis results in four daughter cells.

64 Proteins of animal origin are called as ‘first class’ proteins.

Ans Proteins of animal origin are called as ‘first class’ proteins.-True

65 Connection of solar panels is always in series and never in parallel.

Ans False.
Connection of solar panels can be in series or in parallel.

66 Disaster has no effect on the economy of the nation.

Ans Disaster has no effect on the economy of the nation. - False

67 Disaster management is either prevention of disasters or making arrangements to face it or at least achieve
the abilities to face it.

Ans Disaster management is either prevention of disasters or making arrangements to face it or at least achieve
the abilities to face it. - True

68 If the local leadership is not strong, on the face of disaster entire system could collapse.

Ans If the local leadership is not strong, on the face of disaster entire system could collapse. - True

69 Formation of zygote by union of sperm and ovum is called as fertilization.

Ans Formation of zygote by union of sperm and ovum is called as fertilization. - True

70 Food and oxygen are transported up to the cell through the circulatory system in the body.

Ans True

71 District collector is also responsible for designing the schemes for each district, separately for each type of
disaster and getting those sanctioned from state-level authorities.

Ans District collector is also responsible for designing the schemes for each district, separately for each type of
disaster and getting those sanctioned from state-level authorities. - True

72 Children who watch cartoon films may imitate the characters of those films.

Ans True. They may become aggressive like the characters of the film

73 Disasters can be predicted, thus giving time us to take precautions.

Ans Disasters can be predicted, thus giving time us to take precautions. - False

74 In hydroelectric plant, kinetic energy is converted to potential energy for generation of electricity.
Ans False.
Generation of electricity occurs when potential energy of water is converted to kinetic energy in any
hydroelectric plant.

75 Renewable sources are the reason for enormous pollution.

Ans False.
Non-renewable sources are reason for enormous pollution.

76 Asexual reproduction is accomplished through mitosis.

Ans True

77 Resurrection is a stage used for the welfare and rehabilition of the nation.

Ans Resurrection is a stage used for the welfare and rehabilition of the nation. - True

78 "The disease related with the synthesis of insulin is heart disease."

Ans False - "The disease related with the synthesis of insulin is diabetes."

79 Stem cells are present in the umbilical cord by which the fetus is joined to the uterus of the mother.

Ans True

80 Fertilization takes place in the uterus.

Ans Fertilization takes place in the uterus. - False,

Fertilization takes place in the oviducts.

81 In case of plants like sugarcane, vegetative propagation occurs with the help of buds present on nodes.

Ans In case of plants like sugarcane, vegetative propagation occurs with the help of buds present on nodes. - True

82 Tobacco chewing does not cause a carcinogenic effect on mouth and lungs.

Ans False. Tobacco chewing causes a carcinogenic effect on mouth and lungs.

83 The process of RNA synthesis is called as ‘translation’.

Ans The process of RNA synthesis is called as ‘translation’.

False

84 Johann Gregor Mendel is the pioneer of the modern genetics.

Ans Johann Gregor Mendel is the pioneer of the modern genetics.

True

85 Disaster management is required only at the country level.

Ans False. Disaster management is required at each level, i.e. state, district, taluka, and village level.

86 Person indulging in selfie is more aware about the world around and risks.

Ans False

87 Sewage is rich in inorganic matter.

Ans False. Sewage is rich in organic matter.

88 Cnidarian, if it is cylindrical, it is called as ‘Polyp’ and if it is umbrella like called as ‘Medusa’.

Ans Cnidarian, if it is cylindrical, it is called as ‘Polyp’ and if it is umbrella like called as ‘Medusa’. - True

89 Life of many people is at stake because of organ and body donation

Ans False

90 Period of each disaster is not same.

Ans Period of each disaster is not same. - True

91 Tortoise is a poikilotherm.

Ans Tortoise is a poikilotherm. - True

92 The Pseudomonas bacteria are useful for cleaning the hydrocarbon and oil pollutants from soil and water.

Ans True

93 Production of various useful aquatic organisms with the help of water is called blue revolution.

Ans true

94 Manas Sanctuary is under the threat due to dams and indiscriminate use of water.

Ans Manas Sanctuary is under the threat due to dams and indiscriminate use of water. - True

95 Stem cells are present in the blastocyst stage of embryonic development.

Ans True. Stem cells are also present in the umbilical cord, red bone marrow and adipose connective tissue of
adult human beings.

96 22nd May is the World Environment Day.

Ans False - 22nd May, is the World Biodiversity Day.

97 Carbon consumption of animals and plants increases after death.

Ans Carbon consumption of animals and plants increases after death. - False

98 Stem cells are preserved in liquid hydrogen at -135oC to 190oC.

Ans False

99 State whether the following statement is True or False.

Peer – group influence is stronger in case of adults.

Ans False

100 Floods are man-made factors affecting the environment.

Ans False - Floods are the natural factors affecting the environment.

101 Spinosad is a biopesticide.

Ans True. Spinosad, a byproduct of fermentation, is a biopesticide.

102 Testosterone produces female sexual characters.

Ans Testosterone produces female sexual characters. - False,

Testosterone produces male sexual characters.

103 Aschelminthes are known to be hermaphrodite.

Ans Aschelminthes are known to be hermaphrodite. - False

Aschelminthes are known to be unisexual.

104 Stress increases due to more laughing.

Ans False - Laughing relieves mental stress.

105 Combustion of fossil fuels lead to environmental degradation.

Ans True.
Fossil fuels when burnt, emit harmful gasses which can cause environmental degradation.

106 It is alright to give our bank details if a person has identified himself on the phone.

Ans False - Never give your bank details to anyone on the phone as the person may be fake and can misuse the
information. Even the banks inform their customers so.

107 To take a selfie on the road is an invitation for an accident.

Ans True - To take a selfie on the road is an invitation for an accident.

108 Vas deferens transports the sperms from the epididymis to urethra.

Ans Vas deferens transports the sperms from the epididymis to urethra. - True

109 Rifamycin is not effective against tuberculosis

Ans Rifamycin is not effective against tuberculosis - False

110 Malaria is caused due to genetic disorder taking place in liver cells.

Ans False. Malaria is caused due to mosquito bite. It is not a genetic disorder.

111 There is no harm in being addicted to something.

Ans False - Addiction to anything can be harmful, whether it is a habit, food, television, etc.

112 In any generator, final conversion of energy occurs from kinetic energy to electrical energy.

Ans True.
Basically the final conversion of energy occurs from kinetic energy of the turbine to electrical energy.

113 Wind, water, Sun are sources of green energy.

Ans True.
Wind, water and Sun are renewable sources of energy and thus are sources of green energy.

114 Chromosomes are the thickest and shortest in telophase.

Ans False - Chromosomes are the thickest and shortest in anaphase.

115 The forest conserved in the name of God is called scared groves.

Ans The forest conserved in the name of God is called scared groves. - True

116 Natural selection is not the only factor responsible for evolution.

Ans Natural selection is not the only factor responsible for evolution.
True

117 Occurrence of chancre is one of the symptoms of Syphilis

Ans Occurrence of chancre is one of the symptoms of Syphilis - True

118 Plutonium is a fossil fuel.

Ans False.
Plutonium is a nuclear fuel.

119 Whey is in-corporated into. Cheese to give it texture

Ans Whey is in-corporated into. Cheese to give it texture - False

120 Eukaryotic cell-organelle like mitochondria performs asexual reproduction by binary fission.

Ans Eukaryotic cell-organelle like mitochondria performs asexual reproduction by binary fission. - True
121 Generic name of humans today is Humo sapiens.

Ans Generic name of humans today is Humo sapiens. False

122 Octopus is most clever animal among all hemichordates.

Ans Octopus is most clever animal among all hemichordates. - False

Octopus is most clever animal among all non-chordates.

123 Methane gas is produced by microbial oxidation of industrial waste.

Ans False. Methane gas can be obtained by microbial anaerobic decomposition of urban, agricultural and
industrial waste.

124 Environmental balance is maintained due to various food chains of ecosystem.

Ans Environmental balance is maintained due to various food chains of ecosystem. - True

125 DNA fingerprinting is mainly useful in forensic sciences.

Ans True. Identity of the criminal and identity of parent of child can be established with the help of this technique.

126 Disasters affect the economy of the nation.

Ans True. Disasters cause loss or damage of property and disrupt business activities, thus affecting the economy
of the nation.

127 The theory of natural selection by Darwin preaches the survival of smartest organism.

Ans The theory of natural selection by Darwin preaches the survival of smartest organism.
False

128 Deinococcus radiodurans is highly radiation resistant bacterium.

Ans True. It has been genetically modified and used to absorb the radiations from radioactive debris.

129 Salaam Mumbai Organization runs programs in various schools in Mumbai to empower the children living in
slum area in the field of education, sports, arts and business.

Ans True

130 Disaster management is only required at country level.

Ans False

131 Probiotics are harmful to humans

Ans Probiotics are harmful to humans - False

132 Nocardia species of fungi recompenses rubber

Ans Nocardia species of fungi recompenses rubber - True

133 A gene isolated from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis is integrated with the genome of cotton.

Ans True. Due to this, the toxin which is fatal for bollworm was produced in leaves and bolls of cotton. If bollworm
feeds on leaves, the bollworm dies.

134 The basic functional unit used to study the ecology is called as environment.

Ans False - The basic functional unit used to study the ecology is called as ecosystem.

135 Study of fossils is an important aspect of study of evolution.

Ans Study of fossils is an important aspect of study of evolution.

True
136 A school is safe from any disaster.

Ans False. Disasters can occur anywhere, so school is not safe from disaster.

137 Aves can maintain their body temperature constant.

Ans Aves can maintain their body temperature constant.- True

138 Vaccines produced with the help of biotechnology do not remain active for a longer duration.

Ans False. Vaccines produced with the help of biotechnology are more thermo-stable and remain active for longer
duration.

139 IT Act-2000 has been amended in 2008.

Ans True

140 Siamese twins are born with some parts of body joined to each other.

Ans Siamese twins are born with some parts of body joined to each other. - True

141 All Sponges are fresh water dwellers.

Ans Most of Sponges are marine and few are fresh water dwellers. False

142 In sexual reproduction, there is no fusion of two different germs cells.

Ans In sexual reproduction, there is no fusion of two different germ cells - False, In asexual reproduction, there is
no fusion of two different cells.

143 Planaria cannot reproduce by asxeual means of reproduction.

Ans Planaria cannot reproduce by asxeual means of reproduction. - False

Planaria can reproduce asexually by means of regeneration.

144 In power stations based on natural gas, fission of nuclei of atom takes place to produce electrical energy.

Ans False.
In power stations based on natural gas, combustion of natural gas takes place to produce electrical energy.

145 Excess of proteins is converted into glucose through the process of gluconeogenesis.

Ans True

146 Peer-group influence is stronger in case of adults.

Ans False - Peer-group influence is stronger in case of adolescents.

147 A photovoltaic cell converts electricity to solar energy.

Ans False.
A photovoltaic cell converts solar energy to electricity.

148 Rehabilitation work is started in reconstruction phase after the subsidence of any type of disaster.

Ans Rehabilitation work is started in reconstruction phase after the subsidence of any type of disaster.- False

149 Presence of salivary glands is typical character of mammalia.

Ans Presence of salivary glands is typical character of mammalia.- False

Presence of mammary glands is typical character of mammalia.

150 In thermal power plants, the turbine is rotated using water with great force.

Ans False.
In thermal power plants, the turbine is rotated using steam with great pressure and temperature.
151 All cells of the body except sperm and ova are called germ cells.

Ans False. All cells of the body except sperm and ova are called somatic cells.

152 Land filling sites are lands in which are garbage from cities is dumped.

Ans Hand filling sites are lands in which are garbage from cities is dumped - True

153 Fostering the hobbies helps by diverting the energy and mind towards the positive thinking, negative thoughts
are automatically neutralized.

Ans True

154 Subsequent amendments of 2009, 2011 and 2014 in Transplantation human organs act were done so that
overall process would be little less expensive.

Ans False

155 It seems that vertebrates have slowly originated from invertebrates.

Ans True

156 Monosodium glutamate is Chemical name for ajinomoto

Ans Monosodium glutamate is Chemical name for ajinomoto - True

157 Excess of fats is stored in liver and muscles in the form of glycogen.

Ans False - Excess of carbohydrates is stored in liver and muscles in the form of glycogen.

158 Meiosis is called as a heterotypic division.

Ans True

159 In human beings, female attain puberty little later than males.

Ans In human beings, female attain puberty little later than males. - False,
In human beings, the males attain puberty little later than females.

160 C-12 is non-radioactive.

Ans C-12 is non-radioactive. True

161 Prophase of meiosis-I has five sub-stages.

Ans True

162 Arthropods show presence of a chitinous exoskeleton.

Ans Arthropods show presence of a chitinous exoskeleton. - True

163 The daughter cells produced by asexual reproduction are genetically identical to the parent cells.

Ans The daughter cells produced by asexual reproduction are genetically identical to the parent cells. - True

164 Earlier insulin was being collected from the pancreas of horses.

Ans True. Nowadays, due to biotechnology, insulin can be prepared with the help of bacteria.

165 Only the alcohol (liquor) formed out of faulty fermentation process is bad for nervous system and liver.

Ans False

166 Antibiotics cannot be obtained from a variety of bacteria and fungi.

Ans False. Antibiotics can be obtained from different types of bacteria and fungi.

167 Non-genetic technology involves mutations in cell genes.

Ans False. Non-genetic biotechnology involves use of either cell or tissue.

168 Nuclear energy is part of green energy.

Ans False.
Nuclear energy is not a part of green energy it can cause radioactive harm to the environment.

169 The human hand, cat’s foreleg, flipper of whale and patagium of bat provide Paleontological Evidences.

Ans The human hand, cat’s foreleg, flipper of whale and patagium of bat provide Paleontological Evidences.
False

170 The occurrence of menstrual cycle is related with reproductive and overall health of women.

Ans The occurrence of menstrual cycle is related with reproductive and overall health of women. - True.

171 Competition among students for marks has lead to mental stress.

Ans True - Fear of scoring less marks or failing in competition has lead to mental stress.

172 Coral reefs are actually colonies of specific cnidarians.

Ans Coral reefs are actually colonies of specific cnidarians. - True

173 Flow of nutrients in an ecosystem is unidirectional.

Ans Flow of nutrients in an ecosystem is unidirectional - False.

174 Physical activity is one way of keeping away from addiction.

Ans True - Physical activity keeps you occupied, so it is one way of keeping away from addiction.

175 Due to use of bio-fertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers, nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization
abilities of the plants are improved.

Ans True

176 Contamination of any material is its pollution.

Ans Contamination of any material is its pollution. - True

177 Vision is adversely affected due to noise pollution.

Ans False - Vision is adversely affected due to radioactive pollution.

178 Various essential elements like N, P, K are made available to crops by earthworms and fungi.

Ans True. Earthworms fertilize the soil by eating organic matter in the soil and excreting castings that are rich in
nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium - which are the essential elements for crops.

179 Wind energy can be converted into electrical energy.

Ans True.
The kinetic energy of the wind is converted into electrical energy through a windmill.

180 Cephalochordata is class under Non-Chordata.

Ans Cephalochordata is class under Non-Chordata.- False

Cephalochordata is a sub-phylum under Phylum Chordata.

181 Red panda is an endangered species.

Ans False - Red panda is a rare species.

182 Most of the Platyhelminthes are ectoparasites.

Ans Most of the Platyhelminthes are ectoparasites. - False

183 Fungi like Actinomycetes and Streptomyces have the ability to decompose plastic material from garbage.

Ans False. Fungi like Actinomycetes and Streptomyces have the ability to decompose rubber from garbage.

184 Lamarckism is the inheritance of acquired characters.

Ans Lamarckism is the inheritance of acquired characters - True

185 In reproductive cloning, there is no need of sperm to produce the new organism.

Ans True. A clone can be produced by fusion of a nucleus of somatic cell with the enucleated ovum of anybody.

186 In IVF (In Vitro Fertilization), the fertilization is brought about in the test tube.

Ans In IVF (In Vitro Fertilization), the fertilization is brought about in the test tube. - True

187 Tobacco containing substances cannot cause cancer of mouth and lungs.

Ans False. Tobacco containing substances cannot cause cancer of mouth and lungs.

188 Solar cells are made up of semiconductors.

Ans True.
Solar cells are made up of semiconductors such as silicon which efficiently convert solar energy to electricity.

189 Chromosomes are arranged in the form of chromatids at the equator in prophase.

Ans False - Chromosomes are arranged in the form of chromatids at the equator in metaphase.

190 Biotechnology is bringing about artificial genetic changes and hybridization in organisms for human welfare.

Ans True

191 Hydrogen gas is considered as fuel in future

Ans Hydrogen gas is considered as fuel in future - True

192 Germ cells divide by meiosis to produce gametes.

Ans True

193 It is advisable to disclose the aadhaar / PAN /credit card / debit card number and other personal information if
demanded by any person.

Ans False

194 Muscle cells in our body perform aerobic respiration while performing exercise.

Ans False - Muscle cells in our body perform anaerobic respiration while performing exercise.

195 Genetically modified crops have low resistance for disease.

Ans False. Genes for resistance to disease is inserted in such crops, so they have high resistance for disease.

196 We can use only our presence of mind, and need not make a disaster plan to face any disaster or calamity.

Ans False. A disaster management plan is necessary to face any type of disaster or calamity.

197 Mitosis keeps the chromosome number constant through the generations.

Ans False - Meiosis keeps the chromosome number constant through the generations.

198 Milk processed using lactobacilli.

Ans Milk processed using lactobacilli. - True

199 Traditionally, vaccines were prepared with the help of plant extracts.
Ans False. Traditionally, vaccines were prepared with the help of pathogens.

200 Bivalve is a Molluscan.

Ans Bivalve is a Molluscan.- True

201 The members of gynaecium are called as stamens.

Ans The members of gynaecium are called as stamens. - False,

The members of gynaecium are called as carpels.

202 Body of Annelids is long, cylindrical & metamerically segmented.

Ans Body of Annelids is long, cylindrical & metamerically segmented.- True

203 Energy is required for the functioning of all the life processes.

Ans True

204 Cheese is produced by fermentation with the help of the fungus Aspergillus oryzae.

Ans False. Soya sauce is produced by fermentation with the help of the fungus Aspergillus oryzae.

205 Biofuel is renewable sources of energy

Ans Biofuel is renewable sources of energy - True

206 The occurrence of diversity among the organisms of same species is called genetic diversity.

Ans The occurrence of diversity among the organisms of same species is called genetic diversity. - True

207 Disasters are never planned but losses due it can be prevented in a planned manner.

Ans Disasters are never planned but losses due it can be prevented in a planned manner. - True

208 X rays and radiations from atomic energy plants are artificial radiations.

Ans X rays and radiations from atomic energy plants are artificial radiations. - True

209 Diversity in living organism occurs due to genetic variation.

Ans Diversity in living organism occurs due to genetic variation. - True

210 Development of Herbicide tolerant plants varieties of crops has made it possible to selectively destroy the
weeds.

Ans True

211 In solar thermal plant, solar energy is first converted to heat energy.

Ans True.
The heat energy is then converted to produce electricity through turbines and generator.

212 In Saccoglossus, notochord is present in proboscis and collar.

Ans In Saccoglossus, notochord is present in proboscis and collar. - False

In Saccoglossus, notochord is present in proboscis only.

213 Human existence is totally impossible without the existence of nature.

Ans Human existence is totally impossible without the existence of nature. - True

214 Mitosis results in four daughter cells.

Ans False - Meiosis results in four daughter cells.

215 Proteins of animal origin are called as ‘first class’ proteins.

Ans Proteins of animal origin are called as ‘first class’ proteins.-True

216 Connection of solar panels is always in series and never in parallel.

Ans False.
Connection of solar panels can be in series or in parallel.

217 Disaster has no effect on the economy of the nation.

Ans Disaster has no effect on the economy of the nation. - False

218 Disaster management is either prevention of disasters or making arrangements to face it or at least achieve
the abilities to face it.

Ans Disaster management is either prevention of disasters or making arrangements to face it or at least achieve
the abilities to face it. - True

219 If the local leadership is not strong, on the face of disaster entire system could collapse.

Ans If the local leadership is not strong, on the face of disaster entire system could collapse. - True

220 Formation of zygote by union of sperm and ovum is called as fertilization.

Ans Formation of zygote by union of sperm and ovum is called as fertilization. - True

221 Food and oxygen are transported up to the cell through the circulatory system in the body.

Ans True

222 District collector is also responsible for designing the schemes for each district, separately for each type of
disaster and getting those sanctioned from state-level authorities.

Ans District collector is also responsible for designing the schemes for each district, separately for each type of
disaster and getting those sanctioned from state-level authorities. - True

223 Children who watch cartoon films may imitate the characters of those films.

Ans True. They may become aggressive like the characters of the film

224 Disasters can be predicted, thus giving time us to take precautions.

Ans Disasters can be predicted, thus giving time us to take precautions. - False

225 In hydroelectric plant, kinetic energy is converted to potential energy for generation of electricity.

Ans False.
Generation of electricity occurs when potential energy of water is converted to kinetic energy in any
hydroelectric plant.

226 Renewable sources are the reason for enormous pollution.

Ans False.
Non-renewable sources are reason for enormous pollution.

227 Asexual reproduction is accomplished through mitosis.

Ans True

228 Resurrection is a stage used for the welfare and rehabilition of the nation.

Ans Resurrection is a stage used for the welfare and rehabilition of the nation. - True

229 "The disease related with the synthesis of insulin is heart disease."

Ans False - "The disease related with the synthesis of insulin is diabetes."
230 Stem cells are present in the umbilical cord by which the fetus is joined to the uterus of the mother.

Ans True

231 Fertilization takes place in the uterus.

Ans Fertilization takes place in the uterus. - False,

Fertilization takes place in the oviducts.

232 In case of plants like sugarcane, vegetative propagation occurs with the help of buds present on nodes.

Ans In case of plants like sugarcane, vegetative propagation occurs with the help of buds present on nodes. - True

233 Tobacco chewing does not cause a carcinogenic effect on mouth and lungs.

Ans False. Tobacco chewing causes a carcinogenic effect on mouth and lungs.

234 The process of RNA synthesis is called as ‘translation’.

Ans The process of RNA synthesis is called as ‘translation’.

False

235 Johann Gregor Mendel is the pioneer of the modern genetics.

Ans Johann Gregor Mendel is the pioneer of the modern genetics.

True

236 Disaster management is required only at the country level.

Ans False. Disaster management is required at each level, i.e. state, district, taluka, and village level.

237 Person indulging in selfie is more aware about the world around and risks.

Ans False

238 Sewage is rich in inorganic matter.

Ans False. Sewage is rich in organic matter.

239 Cnidarian, if it is cylindrical, it is called as ‘Polyp’ and if it is umbrella like called as ‘Medusa’.

Ans Cnidarian, if it is cylindrical, it is called as ‘Polyp’ and if it is umbrella like called as ‘Medusa’. - True

240 Life of many people is at stake because of organ and body donation

Ans False

241 Period of each disaster is not same.

Ans Period of each disaster is not same. - True

242 Tortoise is a poikilotherm.

Ans Tortoise is a poikilotherm. - True

243 The Pseudomonas bacteria are useful for cleaning the hydrocarbon and oil pollutants from soil and water.

Ans True

244 Production of various useful aquatic organisms with the help of water is called blue revolution.

Ans true

245 Manas Sanctuary is under the threat due to dams and indiscriminate use of water.

Ans Manas Sanctuary is under the threat due to dams and indiscriminate use of water. - True

246 Stem cells are present in the blastocyst stage of embryonic development.
Ans True. Stem cells are also present in the umbilical cord, red bone marrow and adipose connective tissue of
adult human beings.

247 22nd May is the World Environment Day.

Ans False - 22nd May, is the World Biodiversity Day.

248 Carbon consumption of animals and plants increases after death.

Ans Carbon consumption of animals and plants increases after death. - False

249 Stem cells are preserved in liquid hydrogen at -135oC to 190oC.

Ans False

250 State whether the following statement is True or False.

Peer – group influence is stronger in case of adults.

Ans False

251 Floods are man-made factors affecting the environment.

Ans False - Floods are the natural factors affecting the environment.

252 Spinosad is a biopesticide.

Ans True. Spinosad, a byproduct of fermentation, is a biopesticide.

253 Testosterone produces female sexual characters.

Ans Testosterone produces female sexual characters. - False,

Testosterone produces male sexual characters.

254 Aschelminthes are known to be hermaphrodite.

Ans Aschelminthes are known to be hermaphrodite. - False

Aschelminthes are known to be unisexual.

255 Stress increases due to more laughing.

Ans False - Laughing relieves mental stress.

256 Combustion of fossil fuels lead to environmental degradation.

Ans True.
Fossil fuels when burnt, emit harmful gasses which can cause environmental degradation.

257 It is alright to give our bank details if a person has identified himself on the phone.

Ans False - Never give your bank details to anyone on the phone as the person may be fake and can misuse the
information. Even the banks inform their customers so.

258 To take a selfie on the road is an invitation for an accident.

Ans True - To take a selfie on the road is an invitation for an accident.

259 Vas deferens transports the sperms from the epididymis to urethra.

Ans Vas deferens transports the sperms from the epididymis to urethra. - True

260 Rifamycin is not effective against tuberculosis

Ans Rifamycin is not effective against tuberculosis - False

261 Malaria is caused due to genetic disorder taking place in liver cells.
Ans False. Malaria is caused due to mosquito bite. It is not a genetic disorder.

262 There is no harm in being addicted to something.

Ans False - Addiction to anything can be harmful, whether it is a habit, food, television, etc.

263 In any generator, final conversion of energy occurs from kinetic energy to electrical energy.

Ans True.
Basically the final conversion of energy occurs from kinetic energy of the turbine to electrical energy.

264 Wind, water, Sun are sources of green energy.

Ans True.
Wind, water and Sun are renewable sources of energy and thus are sources of green energy.

265 Chromosomes are the thickest and shortest in telophase.

Ans False - Chromosomes are the thickest and shortest in anaphase.

266 The forest conserved in the name of God is called scared groves.

Ans The forest conserved in the name of God is called scared groves. - True

267 Natural selection is not the only factor responsible for evolution.

Ans Natural selection is not the only factor responsible for evolution.
True

268 Occurrence of chancre is one of the symptoms of Syphilis

Ans Occurrence of chancre is one of the symptoms of Syphilis - True

269 Plutonium is a fossil fuel.

Ans False.
Plutonium is a nuclear fuel.

270 Whey is in-corporated into. Cheese to give it texture

Ans Whey is in-corporated into. Cheese to give it texture - False

271 Eukaryotic cell-organelle like mitochondria performs asexual reproduction by binary fission.

Ans Eukaryotic cell-organelle like mitochondria performs asexual reproduction by binary fission. - True

272 Generic name of humans today is Humo sapiens.

Ans Generic name of humans today is Humo sapiens. False

273 Octopus is most clever animal among all hemichordates.

Ans Octopus is most clever animal among all hemichordates. - False

Octopus is most clever animal among all non-chordates.

274 Methane gas is produced by microbial oxidation of industrial waste.

Ans False. Methane gas can be obtained by microbial anaerobic decomposition of urban, agricultural and
industrial waste.

275 Environmental balance is maintained due to various food chains of ecosystem.

Ans Environmental balance is maintained due to various food chains of ecosystem. - True

276 DNA fingerprinting is mainly useful in forensic sciences.

Ans True. Identity of the criminal and identity of parent of child can be established with the help of this technique.

277 Disasters affect the economy of the nation.

Ans True. Disasters cause loss or damage of property and disrupt business activities, thus affecting the economy
of the nation.

278 The theory of natural selection by Darwin preaches the survival of smartest organism.

Ans The theory of natural selection by Darwin preaches the survival of smartest organism.
False

279 Deinococcus radiodurans is highly radiation resistant bacterium.

Ans True. It has been genetically modified and used to absorb the radiations from radioactive debris.

280 Salaam Mumbai Organization runs programs in various schools in Mumbai to empower the children living in
slum area in the field of education, sports, arts and business.

Ans True

281 Disaster management is only required at country level.

Ans False

282 Probiotics are harmful to humans

Ans Probiotics are harmful to humans - False

283 Nocardia species of fungi recompenses rubber

Ans Nocardia species of fungi recompenses rubber - True

284 A gene isolated from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis is integrated with the genome of cotton.

Ans True. Due to this, the toxin which is fatal for bollworm was produced in leaves and bolls of cotton. If bollworm
feeds on leaves, the bollworm dies.

285 The basic functional unit used to study the ecology is called as environment.

Ans False - The basic functional unit used to study the ecology is called as ecosystem.

286 Study of fossils is an important aspect of study of evolution.

Ans Study of fossils is an important aspect of study of evolution.

True

287 A school is safe from any disaster.

Ans False. Disasters can occur anywhere, so school is not safe from disaster.

288 Aves can maintain their body temperature constant.

Ans Aves can maintain their body temperature constant.- True

289 Vaccines produced with the help of biotechnology do not remain active for a longer duration.

Ans False. Vaccines produced with the help of biotechnology are more thermo-stable and remain active for longer
duration.

290 IT Act-2000 has been amended in 2008.

Ans True

291 Siamese twins are born with some parts of body joined to each other.
 Ans Siamese twins are born with some parts of body joined to each other. - True

292 All Sponges are fresh water dwellers.

Ans Most of Sponges are marine and few are fresh water dwellers. False

293 In sexual reproduction, there is no fusion of two different germs cells.

Ans In sexual reproduction, there is no fusion of two different germ cells - False, In asexual reproduction, there is
no fusion of two different cells.

294 Planaria cannot reproduce by asxeual means of reproduction.

Ans Planaria cannot reproduce by asxeual means of reproduction. - False

Planaria can reproduce asexually by means of regeneration.

295 In power stations based on natural gas, fission of nuclei of atom takes place to produce electrical energy.

Ans False.
In power stations based on natural gas, combustion of natural gas takes place to produce electrical energy.

296 Excess of proteins is converted into glucose through the process of gluconeogenesis.

Ans True

297 Peer-group influence is stronger in case of adults.

Ans False - Peer-group influence is stronger in case of adolescents.

298 A photovoltaic cell converts electricity to solar energy.

Ans False.
A photovoltaic cell converts solar energy to electricity.

299 Rehabilitation work is started in reconstruction phase after the subsidence of any type of disaster.

Ans Rehabilitation work is started in reconstruction phase after the subsidence of any type of disaster.- False

300 Presence of salivary glands is typical character of mammalia.

Ans Presence of salivary glands is typical character of mammalia.- False

Presence of mammary glands is typical character of mammalia.

301 In thermal power plants, the turbine is rotated using water with great force.

Ans False.
In thermal power plants, the turbine is rotated using steam with great pressure and temperature.

302 All cells of the body except sperm and ova are called germ cells.

Ans False. All cells of the body except sperm and ova are called somatic cells.

Q.10 Name the following 210

1 Name any two organisms referred to as connecting links.

Ans Duckbill Platypus, Lungfish, Peripatus [any 2]

2 Organic acids used in commercial products

Ans L - Glutamic acid, Citric acid, Gluonic acid, Lactic acid, Ltaconic acid

3 The process by which the replacement of dead cells is accomplished.

Ans Mitosis

4 Proteins present in skin.

Ans Keratin, Melanin

5 Give the names of two co-enzymes that take part in the cellular respiration.

Ans NADH2 - Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide and FADH2 - Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide are the two co-
enzymes that take part in the cellular respiration.

6 Give Examples : Predators

Ans Lion, Tiger

7 Any two gases released by coal burning.

Ans Carbon dioxide, Sulphuroxide, Nitrogen Oxide

8 The number of different types of cells in the human body that are formed from embryonic cells.

Ans 220

9 Bacterial species which can decompose PET or plastic bottles.

Ans Ideonella sakaiensis

10 A sudden event that leads to huge loss of life and property.

Ans Disaster

11 Name various probiotic products

Ans Yoghurt, Kefir, Miso soup, Pickles, Oils, Corn syrup, Dark chocolates, Microalgas, Sauerkraut

12 Name the two types of Coelenterates.

Ans Polyp and Medusa

13 Research institutes specially dedicated for research on cells in India.

Ans National Center for Cell Science at Pune and Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine
(InStem) at Bengaluru.

14 Which different hormones control the function of human reproductive system through chemical coordination ?

Ans FSH, LH, Estrogen, Progesterone, Testosterone

15 The cells in which mitosis takes place.

Ans Somatic cells

16 A practice to check the preparedness of facing the disaster as early as possible.

Ans Mock drill

17 Identify the type of disaster.

Hepatitis

Ans Biological disaster caused by viruses.

18 The basic functional unit used to study ecology.

Ans Ecosystem.

19 Bacteria used in organic farming.

Ans Azatobacter

20 The sanctuary in West Bengal reserved for tigers.

Ans Sunderban sanctuary

21 Two animals and plants that reproduce asexually.

Ans Plants that reproduce asexually - Spirogyra and Bryophyllum

Animals that reproduce asexually - Hydra, Planaria, Amoeba

22 Name any two renewable sources of energy.

Ans Wind, Water, Sun, Biofuels

23 Observe the following picture and State the type of reproduction shown in.

Ans Regeneration in Planaria.

24 Name one disease that can be treated with gene therapy-

Ans Phenylketonuria (PKT)

25 The hormones secreted by ovary of female reproductive system.

Ans Estrogen

26 Explain the meaning of following symbols

Ans Risk of Explosion

27 Identify the type of disaster.

Forest fire

Ans Biological disaster

(Note : It can also be classified as man-made disaster in certain cases.)

28 Explain the meaning of following symbols.

Ans Oxidant Material

29 The stage when chromosomes arrange at equator.

Ans Metpahse

30 Any two examples of Arthropods.

Ans Crab, spider, scorpion, millipede, centipede, cockroach, butterfly, honey bee (any 2)

31 Use of non genetic biotechnological techniques.

Ans Tissue culture, production of hybrid seeds.

32 The process by which gametes are produced.

Ans Meiosis

33 Electronic media misused for malpractices like defaming, teasing, blackmailing and other means that may
impair or shut down the system.

Ans Cyber Crime

34 Name the device that converts DC power into AC power.

Ans Inverter

35 The world's largest organisation engaged in environmental activities.

Ans Green Peace

36 The act to curb the cyber crimes.

Ans IT Act - 2000

37 Name any two conventional sources of energy.

Ans Coal, Natural Gas

38 Though I am multicellular, there are no tissues in my body. What is the name of my phylum?

Ans Porifera

39 Cell organelle responsible for harvesting cellular energy in human body.

Ans Mitochondria

40 Soil-less farming

Ans Hydroponics

41 Identify the body of symmetry

Ans Radial Symmetry

42 Give Examples : Man-made factors affecting the environment.

Ans Deforestation, Industrial Pollution

43 Which are the important life processes in living organisms ?

Ans The important life processes in living organisms are movement, respiration, growth, excretion, reproduction,
nutrition.

44 An important link between measures after disaster and national development.

Ans Restoration

45 Any two voluntary organization engaged in environmental activities.

Ans Bombay Natural History Society, Chipko Centre

46 Microbes used for fermentation of grape juice to produce wine.

Ans Saccharomyces cerevisiae

47 Give Examples : Omnivores

Ans Man, Bear, Crow

48 The process by which the cell divides into two equal daughter cells.

Ans Mitosis

49 Identify the body of symmetry

Ans Bilateral Symmetry

50 The result of uncontrolled cell division.

Ans Cancer

51 Any two examples of Class-pisces.

Ans i. Rohu
ii. Pomfret
iii. Sea horse
iv. Shark
v. Electric ray
vi. Sting ray
[Link] [dog fish]
(Any four)

52 Bacteria useful for cleaning hydrocarbons and oil pollutants from soil and water.

Ans Pseudomonas spp., Alcanovorax borkumensis.

53
 Explain the meaning of following symbols.

Ans Environmentally hazardous

54 The process of production of replica of any cell or organ or entire organism.

Ans Cloning

55 Any two sexual diseases.

Ans AIDS, Syphilis and gonorrhea

56 To which class does bat belong?

Ans Mammalia

57 Give Examples : Biotic factors

Ans Plants, Animals

58 Give Examples : Air pollutants

Ans CO, ash, Dust, Hydrogen sulphide

59 Write the type of asexual reproduction shown in the figure.

Ans Budding

60 Organisms that appear to be endangered due to their behavioural habits are classified as

Ans Indeterminate species

61 Any two example of Phylum-Coelenterata/Cnidaria.

Ans i. Hydra
ii. Adamsia (Sea anemone)
iii. Physalia (Portuguese- man-of war)
iv. Aurelia (Jelly fish)
v. Corals
62 Organs that can be used in transplantation

Ans Heart, liver, kidney, eyes, skin

63
 Identify the picture and name it.

Ans Picture is of laughter club.

64 Name two research institutes specially dedicated for research on cells in India.

Ans i. National Center for Cell Science at Pune,

ii. ‘Instem’ at Bengaluru

65 Acid formed at the end of glycolysis.

Ans Pyruvic acid

66 Name the stage of cell cycle at which the following event occur :
Chromosomes are moved to spindle equator.
Ans Metaphase
67 Name the stage of cell cycle at which the following event occur :
Crossing over between homologous chromosomes takes place.
Ans Pachytene of meiosis -I
68 Any two examples of Phylum-Porifera.

Ans i. Sycon
ii. Euspongia (Bath sponge)
iii. Hyalonema
iv. Euplectella
69 Name the stage of cell cycle at which the following event occur :
Centromere splits and chromatids separate.
Ans Anaphase
70 Bacterium highly resistant to radiation.

Ans Deinococcus radiodurans

71 There is an oil layer on the water surface of river in your area. What will you do ?

Ans We can clear the oil with the help of microles such as pseudomonas (any other name can also be given)

72 UNEP stands for.

Ans United Nations Environment Program

73 Study of structure, types and organelles of cells.

Ans Cell biology/Cytology.

74 Various bacteria used in beverage production

Ans Lactobacillus brevis, Candida, Hausenula, Pichia, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cerevisiae

75 Give Examples : Rare species

Ans Red panda, Musk deer

76 Name any two non-conventional power plants.

Ans Hydroelectric plant and solar thermal power plant.

77 I am diploblastic and acoelomate. Which phylum do i being to?

Ans Coelenterata / Cnidaria

78 The process of gradual development in organisms over the long period of time.

Ans Evolution

79 An India born American citizen who is credited for use of biotechnology for Cleaning of Oil Spillage in
Oceans-

Ans Dr. Anand Mohan Chakravarti

80 Give Examples : Secondary Consumers

Ans Tiger, Snakes

81 Diseases endangering social health

Ans AIDS, T. B., leprosy and mental disorders

82 A highly complicated phase which begins in transitional phase itself.

Ans Reconstruction phase

83 Identify the type of disaster.

Famine

Ans Atmospheric, geophysical disaster

84 The ‘antigen’ containing material given to acquire either permanent or temporary immunity against a specific
pathogen or disease.

Ans Vaccine

85 Is a state of complete physical, mental & social well being and not just absence of disease or infirmity

Ans Health

86 Name any two insecticides- DDT, Malathion)

Ans i. DDT,
ii. Malathion

87 Hormones controlling menstrual cycle.

Ans Follicle stimulating harmones (FSU), lutenizing hormone (LH), estrogen, progesterone.

88 Methods of family planning.

Ans Temporary methods : Use of condoms, Oral contraceptive pills, Copper-T, etc.
Permanent / Surgical methods : Vasectomy (in males), Tubectomy (in females).

89 Name any two unicellular organisms.

Ans Amoeba, Chlorella, Paramoceium [any 2]

90 It is an organization that runs programs in various schools in Mumbai to empower the children living in slum
area in the field of education, sports, arts and business.

Ans Salaam Mumbai Organisation

91 The phase in which rehabilitation work is started after the subsidence of any type of disaster.
Ans Transitional phase

92 Name two medicinal plants -

Ans i. Cinchona,
ii. Adulsa

93 Yeast used in obtaining ethanol from starch.

Ans Saccharomyces cerevisiae

94 Any two examples of Echinoderms.

Ans i. Star fish

ii. Sea-urchin
iii. Brittle star
iv. Sea-cucumber

95 Explain the meaning of following symbols:

Ans Compressed Gas

96 Vestigial organs in human beings.

Ans Appendix, tail bone (coccyx), wisdow tooth.

97 Two methods of family planning.

Ans i. Barrier methods such as use of condoms.

ii. Hormonal contraception such as pill
iii. Implant of Intra Uterine Device (IUD)
(Any Two)

98 The two kinds of cell divisions found in living things.

Ans Mitosis, Meiosis

99 My body is radically symmetrical. Water vascular system in present in my body. I am referred as fish though I
am not. What is my name ?

Ans Starfish

100 The Institute that has developed a transgenic variety of tobacco.

Ans Indian Institute of Science.

101 Any two effects of radioactive pollution.

Ans Genetic changes, Vision affected, Cancerous ulceration

102 Give Examples : Water pollutants

Ans Domestic wastes, Industrial effluents

103 Identify the type of disaster.

Theft
Ans Intentional, man-made disaster.

104 Name the person in the following picture and their contribution.

Ans Dr. M. S. Swaminathan (India), contribution in green revolution.

105 Genetically modified crops.

Ans Bt Cotton, Bt Brinjal, Golden Rice.

106 Name the person in the following picture and their contribution.

Ans Dr. Norman Borlog, contribution in green revolution.

107 Any two organism with Calcareous spines.

Ans Star fish, sea-urchin, brittle star, sea-cucumber- (any-2)

108 Technique used to determine the age of fossils.

Ans Carbon dating

109 Any two examples of Urochordata.

Ans Herdmania, Doliolum, Oikopleura (any 2)

110 Give Examples : Primary Consumers

Ans Deer, Elephant

111 Contents of Yeast

Ans Carbohydrates, Fasts, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, Minerals.

112 Fermented milk products.

Ans Yoghurt, Buttermilk, Cheese, Cream

113 Who am I?
I have suckers. I am blood sucking ectoparasite and my body is segmented.

Ans Leech

114 Most abundant protein found in nature.

Ans RUBISCO

115 The hormones related with male reproductive system.

Ans Testosterone

116 Identify the type of disaster.

Terrorism

Ans Intentional, man-made of disaster

117 Medicinal plant used in making medicine on cough.

Ans Adulsa

118 Any two solid components of Air pollution.

Ans Dust, ash, carbon, lead, asbestos etc.

119 A group of small sized protein molecule used in treatment of viral diseases.

Ans Interferon

120 Give Examples : Endangered species

Ans Lion tailed monkey, Lesser florican

121 Identify the body of symmetry

Ans Asymmtrical body

122 Geographical areas with high species diversity which needs maximum protection.

Ans Biodiversity hotspots

123 Give Examples : Herbivores

Ans Deer, Goats

124 Two main methods of reproduction.

Ans Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

125 Two animals that are under threats in the states spread over the Western Ghats.

Ans Asiatic lion and Wild bison.

126 Name two bacterias used as bio-fertilizers

Ans
 i. Rhizobium,
ii. Azotobacter

127 The part of the nucleus cell associated with heredity.

Ans Chromosomes

128 Sources of adult stem cells .

Ans text

129 Fungus used to ferment wheat flour, rice, soybean while making soy sauce.

Ans Aspergillus oryzae.

130 Any two effects of soil pollution.

Ans Soil erosion, retarded growth of plants/crop, Nutritional deficiency.

131 Name the stage of cell cycle at which the following event occur :
Pairing between homologous chromosomes takes place.
Ans Zygotene of meiosis -I
132 Explain the meaning of following symbols.

Ans Generic Danger

133 A by-product of fermentation used as biopesticide.

Ans Spinosad

134 Explain the meaning of following symbols.

Ans Dangerous or corrosive acid.

135 Commercial method of bee-keeping for harvesting honey.

Ans Apiculture

136 Primary help before actual medical treatment, for the victims of disaster.

Ans First Aid

137 Gas released during fermentation by yeast which makes bread spongy.

Ans Carbon dioxide

138
 Misuse or illegal sale of the written literature, software, photos, videos, music, etc. of others by obtaining from
internet is called as ?

Ans Piracy

139 Give Examples : Natural factors affecting the environment.

Ans Earthquakes, floods

140 An important link between emergency measures and national progress that is used for the welfare and
rehabilitation of the nation.

Ans Resurgence

141 Explain the meaning of following symbols.

Ans Health Hazard

142 Which type of reproduction is indicated in the following diagram?

Ans Multiple fission is shown in the diagram.

143 Complete the following food chain by arranging in a proper sequence.

Algae - Snakes - Insect - Frog

Ans Algae - Insect - Frog - Snake

144 Any two cycles operated in the environment.

Ans Water cycle, Nitrogen cycle, Oxygen cycle, Carbon cycle

145 Name the principle on which a generator is based.

Ans Electromagnetic induction

146 The agents of a cross pollination.

Ans Wind, Water and Animals.

147 Give Examples : Voluntary Organization

Ans Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai, Chipko Centre, Tehri Garhwal

148 Name the element used in solar cells.

Ans Silicon

149
 Explain the meaning of following symbols.

Ans Danger highly flammable.

150 The process by which ribosome moves on mRNA by one triplet codon.

Ans Translocation

151 The phase in which maximum lives can be saved by quick actions.

Ans Phase of emergency

152 Any two classes under Subphylum Vertebrata.

Ans Cyclostomata, Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, Mammalia. (any 2)

153 I live in your small intestine, my body is long and thread like and pseudocoelomate.
Ans Phylum aschelminthes -Eg. Ascaris
154 A group of small sized protein molecule used in treatment of viral diseases.

Ans Interferon

155 The stage in which the separation of sister chromatids takes place.

Ans Anaphase

156

Ans

157 Process by which four haploid cells are formed from one diploid cell.

Ans Melosis

158 The type of division by which gametes are formed.

Ans Meiosis

159 Rewrite the food-chain given below with correct sequence.

Grasshopper – Snake – Paddy field – Eagle – Frog

Ans Paddy field – Grasshopper – Frog – Snake – Eagle.

160 Any two unicellular organisms.

Ans Amoeba, Paramoecium, Euglena, Chlorella (any 2)

161 Identify the type of disaster.

Soil erosion

Ans Geological disaster

162 What determines whether the two organism of a species will be exactly similar or not ?

Ans Genes

163 The process by which body breaks up into several fragments and each fragment starts to live as anew
individual.

Ans Regeneration

164 The process by which sees develop into seedlings.

Ans Germination

165 The website to report cyber crime.

Ans [Link]

166 Name the two atoms uranium – 236 is converted into.

Ans Barium and Krypton

167 The habitats of two animals that are under threats in Assam.

Ans Tiger and Rhino

168 Hormones synthesised using fatty acids.

Ans Progesterone,estrogen, testosterone, aldosterone.

169 Complete the following food chain by arranging in a proper sequence.

Spider - Lizard - Mosquito - Crow

Ans Mosquito - Spider - Lizard - Crow

170 Name the three germ layers.

Ans Mesoderm, Endoderm & Ectoderm

171 The energy currency of the cell.

Ans ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)

172 Name any two non-renewable power plants.

Ans Thermal power plant and power plant based on natural gas.

173 Enumerate the factors disturbing the social health.

Ans a. Mental Stress

b. Addiction
c. Communication Media and excessive use of Modern Technology
174 Explain the meaning of following symbols.

Ans Toxic

175 Bacteria used in making yoghurt.

Ans Lactobacilli

176 Pseudocoelomates/Round worms

Ans i. Ascaris (Intestinal worm)

ii. Filarial worm
iii. Loa loa (Eye worm)
iv. Wucheria
v. Entrobium
(Any four)

177 Father of white revolution in India -

Ans Dr. Verghese Kurien

178 Complete the following food chain by arranging in a proper sequence.

Bird - Worm - Cat - Plants

Ans Plants - Worm - Bird - Cat

179 Complete the following food chain by arranging in a proper sequence.

Crayfish - hawk - Algae - Zooplankton

Ans Algae - Zooplankton - Crayfish - hawk

180 Which life processes are essential for production of energy required by body ?

Ans Respiration and Nutrition

181 Complete the following food chain by arranging in a proper sequence.

Lion - Wolf - Grass - Rabbit

Ans Grass - Rabbit - Wolf - Lion

182 Bacteria that convert metals into their compounds.

Ans Thiobacilli and sulphobacilli.

183 Organic acid used in Production of Paper, Textile, Plastic industry

Ans Itaconic acid

184 The process responsible for variations in organisms.

Ans Crossing-over
185 Give Examples : International Environment Organizations.

Ans World Wildlife Fund, New York, International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Switzerland

186 Bacterias that can be used as manure.

Ans Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Nostoc, Anabaena.

187 Two enzymes formed in the cell and used in cellular respiration.

Ans NADH2 and FADH2 (Nicotinamide Adenine dinucleotide and Flavin adenine dinucleotide)

188 Under the effect of this hormone, organ of the female reproductive system starts to contract and thereby birth
process (parturition) is facilitated.

Ans oxytocin hormone

189 Organic acid used in Production of drinks, coffees, chocolate

Ans Citric acid

190 The largest phylum is animal kingdom.

Ans Arthropoda

191 Types of twins.

Ans Monozygotic and Dizygotic twins.

192 Species used to obtain gum and impart thickness to ice creams, puddings, etc.

Ans Xanthomonas

193 Name two elements used in nuclear fission.

Ans Uranium and Plutonium

194 Types of cheese, based on production.

Ans Cottage cheese

Cream cheese
Mozzarella cheese
Cheddar cheese

195 Give Examples : Vulnerable species

Ans Lion, Tiger

196 Name the Various research institutes and laboratories are engaged in development of new varieties of various
crops?

Ans i. Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI),

ii. New Delhi, National Citrus Research Institute, Nagpur and allied branches,
iii. Indian Institute of Sciences,
iv. National Pomegranate Research Institute, Solapur.

197 The structure responsible for initiating cell division in animal cells.

Ans Centrioles

198 The study of the structure, types and organelles of the cell.

Ans Cytology

199 Name the Genetic material in major bacterial cells.

Ans DNA

200 The kind of division that takes place in reproductive cells.

Ans meiosis

201

Identify the process shown in figure and name it.

Ans Nuclear fission reaction.

202 Art of preparing food items.

Ans Cooking

203 Common step of aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

Ans Glycolysis

204 Name any two evidences as a proof for the Theory of Evolution.

Ans Morphological Evidences, Anatomical Evidences, Paleontological Evidences, Embryological Evidences,

Connecting Links [any 2]

205 Give Examples : Carnivores

Ans Fox, Lion

206 Flexible proteins in muscles.

Ans Actin, Myosin

207 Geophysical disasters.

Ans Earthquake, volcano, tsunami, land-slides, land-fall, erosion, alkalization, flooding.

208 I am connecting link between Reptilia and mammals. What is my name?

Ans Duck-billed platypus

209 Members of calyx.

Ans Sepals

210 The type of cell division present in unicellular organisms.

Ans Mitosis/Amitosis

211 Name any two organisms referred to as connecting links.

Ans Duckbill Platypus, Lungfish, Peripatus [any 2]

212 Organic acids used in commercial products

Ans L - Glutamic acid, Citric acid, Gluonic acid, Lactic acid, Ltaconic acid
213 The process by which the replacement of dead cells is accomplished.

Ans Mitosis

214 Proteins present in skin.

Ans Keratin, Melanin

215 Give the names of two co-enzymes that take part in the cellular respiration.

Ans NADH2 - Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide and FADH2 - Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide are the two co-
enzymes that take part in the cellular respiration.

216 Give Examples : Predators

Ans Lion, Tiger

217 Any two gases released by coal burning.

Ans Carbon dioxide, Sulphuroxide, Nitrogen Oxide

218 The number of different types of cells in the human body that are formed from embryonic cells.

Ans 220

219 Bacterial species which can decompose PET or plastic bottles.

Ans Ideonella sakaiensis

220 A sudden event that leads to huge loss of life and property.

Ans Disaster

221 Name various probiotic products

Ans Yoghurt, Kefir, Miso soup, Pickles, Oils, Corn syrup, Dark chocolates, Microalgas, Sauerkraut

222 Name the two types of Coelenterates.

Ans Polyp and Medusa

223 Research institutes specially dedicated for research on cells in India.

Ans National Center for Cell Science at Pune and Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine
(InStem) at Bengaluru.

224 Which different hormones control the function of human reproductive system through chemical coordination ?

Ans FSH, LH, Estrogen, Progesterone, Testosterone

225 The cells in which mitosis takes place.

Ans Somatic cells

226 A practice to check the preparedness of facing the disaster as early as possible.

Ans Mock drill

227 Identify the type of disaster.

Hepatitis

Ans Biological disaster caused by viruses.

228 The basic functional unit used to study ecology.

Ans Ecosystem.

229 Bacteria used in organic farming.

Ans Azatobacter

230 The sanctuary in West Bengal reserved for tigers.

Ans Sunderban sanctuary

231 Two animals and plants that reproduce asexually.

Ans Plants that reproduce asexually - Spirogyra and Bryophyllum

Animals that reproduce asexually - Hydra, Planaria, Amoeba

232 Name any two renewable sources of energy.

Ans Wind, Water, Sun, Biofuels

233 Observe the following picture and State the type of reproduction shown in.

Ans Regeneration in Planaria.

234 Name one disease that can be treated with gene therapy-

Ans Phenylketonuria (PKT)

235 The hormones secreted by ovary of female reproductive system.

Ans Estrogen

236 Explain the meaning of following symbols

Ans Risk of Explosion

237 Identify the type of disaster.

Forest fire

Ans Biological disaster

(Note : It can also be classified as man-made disaster in certain cases.)

238
 Explain the meaning of following symbols.

Ans Oxidant Material

239 The stage when chromosomes arrange at equator.

Ans Metpahse

240 Any two examples of Arthropods.

Ans Crab, spider, scorpion, millipede, centipede, cockroach, butterfly, honey bee (any 2)

241 Use of non genetic biotechnological techniques.

Ans Tissue culture, production of hybrid seeds.

242 The process by which gametes are produced.

Ans Meiosis

243 Electronic media misused for malpractices like defaming, teasing, blackmailing and other means that may
impair or shut down the system.

Ans Cyber Crime

244 Name the device that converts DC power into AC power.

Ans Inverter

245 The world's largest organisation engaged in environmental activities.

Ans Green Peace

246 The act to curb the cyber crimes.

Ans IT Act - 2000

247 Name any two conventional sources of energy.

Ans Coal, Natural Gas

248 Though I am multicellular, there are no tissues in my body. What is the name of my phylum?

Ans Porifera

249 Cell organelle responsible for harvesting cellular energy in human body.

Ans Mitochondria

250 Soil-less farming

Ans Hydroponics

251
 Identify the body of symmetry

Ans Radial Symmetry

252 Give Examples : Man-made factors affecting the environment.

Ans Deforestation, Industrial Pollution

253 Which are the important life processes in living organisms ?

Ans The important life processes in living organisms are movement, respiration, growth, excretion, reproduction,
nutrition.

254 An important link between measures after disaster and national development.

Ans Restoration

255 Any two voluntary organization engaged in environmental activities.

Ans Bombay Natural History Society, Chipko Centre

256 Microbes used for fermentation of grape juice to produce wine.

Ans Saccharomyces cerevisiae

257 Give Examples : Omnivores

Ans Man, Bear, Crow

258 The process by which the cell divides into two equal daughter cells.

Ans Mitosis

259 Identify the body of symmetry

Ans Bilateral Symmetry

260 The result of uncontrolled cell division.

Ans Cancer

261 Any two examples of Class-pisces.

Ans i. Rohu
ii. Pomfret
iii. Sea horse
iv. Shark
v. Electric ray
vi. Sting ray
[Link] [dog fish]
(Any four)
262 Bacteria useful for cleaning hydrocarbons and oil pollutants from soil and water.

Ans Pseudomonas spp., Alcanovorax borkumensis.

263 Explain the meaning of following symbols.

Ans Environmentally hazardous

264 The process of production of replica of any cell or organ or entire organism.

Ans Cloning

265 Any two sexual diseases.

Ans AIDS, Syphilis and gonorrhea

266 To which class does bat belong?

Ans Mammalia

267 Give Examples : Biotic factors

Ans Plants, Animals

268 Give Examples : Air pollutants

Ans CO, ash, Dust, Hydrogen sulphide

269 Write the type of asexual reproduction shown in the figure.

Ans Budding

270 Organisms that appear to be endangered due to their behavioural habits are classified as

Ans Indeterminate species

271 Any two example of Phylum-Coelenterata/Cnidaria.

Ans i. Hydra
ii. Adamsia (Sea anemone)
iii. Physalia (Portuguese- man-of war)
iv. Aurelia (Jelly fish)
v. Corals
272 Organs that can be used in transplantation

Ans Heart, liver, kidney, eyes, skin

273
 Identify the picture and name it.

Ans Picture is of laughter club.

274 Name two research institutes specially dedicated for research on cells in India.

Ans i. National Center for Cell Science at Pune,

ii. ‘Instem’ at Bengaluru

275 Acid formed at the end of glycolysis.

Ans Pyruvic acid

276 Name the stage of cell cycle at which the following event occur :
Chromosomes are moved to spindle equator.
Ans Metaphase
277 Name the stage of cell cycle at which the following event occur :
Crossing over between homologous chromosomes takes place.
Ans Pachytene of meiosis -I
278 Any two examples of Phylum-Porifera.

Ans i. Sycon
ii. Euspongia (Bath sponge)
iii. Hyalonema
iv. Euplectella
279 Name the stage of cell cycle at which the following event occur :
Centromere splits and chromatids separate.
Ans Anaphase
280 Bacterium highly resistant to radiation.

Ans Deinococcus radiodurans

281 There is an oil layer on the water surface of river in your area. What will you do ?

Ans We can clear the oil with the help of microles such as pseudomonas (any other name can also be given)

282 UNEP stands for.

Ans United Nations Environment Program

283 Study of structure, types and organelles of cells.

Ans Cell biology/Cytology.

284 Various bacteria used in beverage production

Ans Lactobacillus brevis, Candida, Hausenula, Pichia, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cerevisiae

285 Give Examples : Rare species

Ans Red panda, Musk deer

286 Name any two non-conventional power plants.

Ans Hydroelectric plant and solar thermal power plant.

287 I am diploblastic and acoelomate. Which phylum do i being to?

Ans Coelenterata / Cnidaria

288 The process of gradual development in organisms over the long period of time.

Ans Evolution

289 An India born American citizen who is credited for use of biotechnology for Cleaning of Oil Spillage in
Oceans-

Ans Dr. Anand Mohan Chakravarti

290 Give Examples : Secondary Consumers

Ans Tiger, Snakes

291 Diseases endangering social health

Ans AIDS, T. B., leprosy and mental disorders

292 A highly complicated phase which begins in transitional phase itself.

Ans Reconstruction phase

293 Identify the type of disaster.

Famine

Ans Atmospheric, geophysical disaster

294 The ‘antigen’ containing material given to acquire either permanent or temporary immunity against a specific
pathogen or disease.

Ans Vaccine

295 Is a state of complete physical, mental & social well being and not just absence of disease or infirmity

Ans Health

296 Name any two insecticides- DDT, Malathion)

Ans i. DDT,
ii. Malathion

297 Hormones controlling menstrual cycle.

Ans Follicle stimulating harmones (FSU), lutenizing hormone (LH), estrogen, progesterone.

298 Methods of family planning.

Ans Temporary methods : Use of condoms, Oral contraceptive pills, Copper-T, etc.
Permanent / Surgical methods : Vasectomy (in males), Tubectomy (in females).

299 Name any two unicellular organisms.

Ans Amoeba, Chlorella, Paramoceium [any 2]

300 It is an organization that runs programs in various schools in Mumbai to empower the children living in slum
area in the field of education, sports, arts and business.

Ans Salaam Mumbai Organisation

301 The phase in which rehabilitation work is started after the subsidence of any type of disaster.

Ans Transitional phase

302 Name two medicinal plants -

Ans i. Cinchona,
ii. Adulsa

303 Yeast used in obtaining ethanol from starch.

Ans Saccharomyces cerevisiae

304 Any two examples of Echinoderms.

Ans i. Star fish

ii. Sea-urchin
iii. Brittle star
iv. Sea-cucumber
305 Explain the meaning of following symbols:

Ans Compressed Gas

306 Vestigial organs in human beings.

Ans Appendix, tail bone (coccyx), wisdow tooth.

307 Two methods of family planning.

Ans i. Barrier methods such as use of condoms.

ii. Hormonal contraception such as pill
iii. Implant of Intra Uterine Device (IUD)
(Any Two)

308 The two kinds of cell divisions found in living things.

Ans Mitosis, Meiosis

309 My body is radically symmetrical. Water vascular system in present in my body. I am referred as fish though I
am not. What is my name ?

Ans Starfish

310 The Institute that has developed a transgenic variety of tobacco.

Ans Indian Institute of Science.

311 Any two effects of radioactive pollution.

Ans Genetic changes, Vision affected, Cancerous ulceration

312 Give Examples : Water pollutants

Ans Domestic wastes, Industrial effluents

313 Identify the type of disaster.

Theft

Ans Intentional, man-made disaster.

314 Name the person in the following picture and their contribution.

Ans Dr. M. S. Swaminathan (India), contribution in green revolution.

315 Genetically modified crops.

Ans Bt Cotton, Bt Brinjal, Golden Rice.

316 Name the person in the following picture and their contribution.

Ans Dr. Norman Borlog, contribution in green revolution.

317 Any two organism with Calcareous spines.

Ans Star fish, sea-urchin, brittle star, sea-cucumber- (any-2)

318 Technique used to determine the age of fossils.

Ans Carbon dating

319 Any two examples of Urochordata.

Ans Herdmania, Doliolum, Oikopleura (any 2)

320 Give Examples : Primary Consumers

Ans Deer, Elephant

321 Contents of Yeast

Ans Carbohydrates, Fasts, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, Minerals.

322 Fermented milk products.

Ans Yoghurt, Buttermilk, Cheese, Cream

323 Who am I?
I have suckers. I am blood sucking ectoparasite and my body is segmented.

Ans Leech

324 Most abundant protein found in nature.

Ans RUBISCO

325 The hormones related with male reproductive system.

Ans Testosterone

326 Identify the type of disaster.

Terrorism

Ans Intentional, man-made of disaster

327 Medicinal plant used in making medicine on cough.

Ans Adulsa

328 Any two solid components of Air pollution.

Ans Dust, ash, carbon, lead, asbestos etc.

329 A group of small sized protein molecule used in treatment of viral diseases.

Ans Interferon

330 Give Examples : Endangered species

Ans Lion tailed monkey, Lesser florican

331 Identify the body of symmetry

Ans Asymmtrical body

332 Geographical areas with high species diversity which needs maximum protection.

Ans Biodiversity hotspots

333 Give Examples : Herbivores

Ans Deer, Goats

334 Two main methods of reproduction.

Ans Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

335 Two animals that are under threats in the states spread over the Western Ghats.

Ans Asiatic lion and Wild bison.

336 Name two bacterias used as bio-fertilizers

Ans i. Rhizobium,
ii. Azotobacter
337 The part of the nucleus cell associated with heredity.

Ans Chromosomes

338 Sources of adult stem cells .

Ans text

339 Fungus used to ferment wheat flour, rice, soybean while making soy sauce.

Ans Aspergillus oryzae.

340 Any two effects of soil pollution.

Ans Soil erosion, retarded growth of plants/crop, Nutritional deficiency.

341 Name the stage of cell cycle at which the following event occur :
Pairing between homologous chromosomes takes place.
Ans Zygotene of meiosis -I
342 Explain the meaning of following symbols.

Ans Generic Danger

343 A by-product of fermentation used as biopesticide.

Ans Spinosad

344 Explain the meaning of following symbols.

Ans Dangerous or corrosive acid.

345 Commercial method of bee-keeping for harvesting honey.

Ans Apiculture

346 Primary help before actual medical treatment, for the victims of disaster.

Ans First Aid

347 Gas released during fermentation by yeast which makes bread spongy.

Ans Carbon dioxide

348 Misuse or illegal sale of the written literature, software, photos, videos, music, etc. of others by obtaining from
internet is called as ?

Ans Piracy
349 Give Examples : Natural factors affecting the environment.

Ans Earthquakes, floods

350 An important link between emergency measures and national progress that is used for the welfare and
rehabilitation of the nation.

Ans Resurgence

351 Explain the meaning of following symbols.

Ans Health Hazard

352 Which type of reproduction is indicated in the following diagram?

Ans Multiple fission is shown in the diagram.

353 Complete the following food chain by arranging in a proper sequence.

Algae - Snakes - Insect - Frog

Ans Algae - Insect - Frog - Snake

354 Any two cycles operated in the environment.

Ans Water cycle, Nitrogen cycle, Oxygen cycle, Carbon cycle

355 Name the principle on which a generator is based.

Ans Electromagnetic induction

356 The agents of a cross pollination.

Ans Wind, Water and Animals.

357 Give Examples : Voluntary Organization

Ans Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai, Chipko Centre, Tehri Garhwal

358 Name the element used in solar cells.

Ans Silicon

359
 Explain the meaning of following symbols.

Ans Danger highly flammable.

360 The process by which ribosome moves on mRNA by one triplet codon.

Ans Translocation

361 The phase in which maximum lives can be saved by quick actions.

Ans Phase of emergency

362 Any two classes under Subphylum Vertebrata.

Ans Cyclostomata, Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, Mammalia. (any 2)

363 I live in your small intestine, my body is long and thread like and pseudocoelomate.
Ans Phylum aschelminthes -Eg. Ascaris
364 A group of small sized protein molecule used in treatment of viral diseases.

Ans Interferon

365 The stage in which the separation of sister chromatids takes place.

Ans Anaphase

366

Ans

367 Process by which four haploid cells are formed from one diploid cell.

Ans Melosis

368 The type of division by which gametes are formed.

Ans Meiosis

369 Rewrite the food-chain given below with correct sequence.

Grasshopper – Snake – Paddy field – Eagle – Frog

Ans Paddy field – Grasshopper – Frog – Snake – Eagle.

370 Any two unicellular organisms.

Ans Amoeba, Paramoecium, Euglena, Chlorella (any 2)

371 Identify the type of disaster.

Soil erosion

Ans Geological disaster

372 What determines whether the two organism of a species will be exactly similar or not ?

Ans Genes

373 The process by which body breaks up into several fragments and each fragment starts to live as anew
individual.

Ans Regeneration

374 The process by which sees develop into seedlings.

Ans Germination

375 The website to report cyber crime.

Ans [Link]

376 Name the two atoms uranium – 236 is converted into.

Ans Barium and Krypton

377 The habitats of two animals that are under threats in Assam.

Ans Tiger and Rhino

378 Hormones synthesised using fatty acids.

Ans Progesterone,estrogen, testosterone, aldosterone.

379 Complete the following food chain by arranging in a proper sequence.

Spider - Lizard - Mosquito - Crow

Ans Mosquito - Spider - Lizard - Crow

380 Name the three germ layers.

Ans Mesoderm, Endoderm & Ectoderm

381 The energy currency of the cell.

Ans ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)

382 Name any two non-renewable power plants.

Ans Thermal power plant and power plant based on natural gas.

383 Enumerate the factors disturbing the social health.

Ans a. Mental Stress

b. Addiction
c. Communication Media and excessive use of Modern Technology
384 Explain the meaning of following symbols.

Ans Toxic

385 Bacteria used in making yoghurt.

Ans Lactobacilli

386 Pseudocoelomates/Round worms

Ans i. Ascaris (Intestinal worm)

ii. Filarial worm
iii. Loa loa (Eye worm)
iv. Wucheria
v. Entrobium
(Any four)

387 Father of white revolution in India -

Ans Dr. Verghese Kurien

388 Complete the following food chain by arranging in a proper sequence.

Bird - Worm - Cat - Plants

Ans Plants - Worm - Bird - Cat

389 Complete the following food chain by arranging in a proper sequence.

Crayfish - hawk - Algae - Zooplankton

Ans Algae - Zooplankton - Crayfish - hawk

390 Which life processes are essential for production of energy required by body ?

Ans Respiration and Nutrition

391 Complete the following food chain by arranging in a proper sequence.

Lion - Wolf - Grass - Rabbit

Ans Grass - Rabbit - Wolf - Lion

392 Bacteria that convert metals into their compounds.

Ans Thiobacilli and sulphobacilli.

393 Organic acid used in Production of Paper, Textile, Plastic industry

Ans Itaconic acid

394 The process responsible for variations in organisms.

Ans Crossing-over

395 Give Examples : International Environment Organizations.

Ans World Wildlife Fund, New York, International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Switzerland

396 Bacterias that can be used as manure.

Ans Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Nostoc, Anabaena.

397 Two enzymes formed in the cell and used in cellular respiration.

Ans NADH2 and FADH2 (Nicotinamide Adenine dinucleotide and Flavin adenine dinucleotide)

398 Under the effect of this hormone, organ of the female reproductive system starts to contract and thereby birth
process (parturition) is facilitated.

Ans oxytocin hormone

399 Organic acid used in Production of drinks, coffees, chocolate

Ans Citric acid

400 The largest phylum is animal kingdom.

Ans Arthropoda

401 Types of twins.

Ans Monozygotic and Dizygotic twins.

402 Species used to obtain gum and impart thickness to ice creams, puddings, etc.

Ans Xanthomonas

403 Name two elements used in nuclear fission.

Ans Uranium and Plutonium

404 Types of cheese, based on production.

Ans Cottage cheese

Cream cheese
Mozzarella cheese
Cheddar cheese

405 Give Examples : Vulnerable species

Ans Lion, Tiger

406 Name the Various research institutes and laboratories are engaged in development of new varieties of various
crops?

Ans i. Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI),

ii. New Delhi, National Citrus Research Institute, Nagpur and allied branches,
iii. Indian Institute of Sciences,
iv. National Pomegranate Research Institute, Solapur.

407 The structure responsible for initiating cell division in animal cells.

Ans Centrioles

408 The study of the structure, types and organelles of the cell.

Ans Cytology
409 Name the Genetic material in major bacterial cells.

Ans DNA

410 The kind of division that takes place in reproductive cells.

Ans meiosis

411

Identify the process shown in figure and name it.

Ans Nuclear fission reaction.

412 Art of preparing food items.

Ans Cooking

413 Common step of aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

Ans Glycolysis

414 Name any two evidences as a proof for the Theory of Evolution.

Ans Morphological Evidences, Anatomical Evidences, Paleontological Evidences, Embryological Evidences,

Connecting Links [any 2]

415 Give Examples : Carnivores

Ans Fox, Lion

416 Flexible proteins in muscles.

Ans Actin, Myosin

417 Geophysical disasters.

Ans Earthquake, volcano, tsunami, land-slides, land-fall, erosion, alkalization, flooding.

418 I am connecting link between Reptilia and mammals. What is my name?

Ans Duck-billed platypus

419 Members of calyx.

Ans Sepals

420 The type of cell division present in unicellular organisms.

 Ans Mitosis/Amitosis

Q.11 Complete the given flow chart / table 70

1

Ans

2 Complete the given aquatic food chain:

Ans

3
Ans

4 Draw a schematic diagram of power plant based on natural gas.

Ans text

Ans

Ans i. Joining laughter club.

ii. Regular exercising and Performing yoga
iii. Participating in sports and outdoor games.
iv. Pursuing hobbies like gardening, reading etc.
7

Ans

Ans

9 Substances obtained by microbial processing and their roles.

Substances obtained by microbial processing Roles

Citirc, Malic and Lactic acid ...............

 ................ Protein binding

Nycin and natamycin ...............

............... Antioxidants, vitamins.

Beta carotene, lycopenes, xanthenes, lutein ...............

................ Emulsifiers

Vanillin, Ethyl butyrate (fruit flavour), peppermint

...............
flavour, essence of various fruits and flowers

............... Artificial sweetener (low calorie)

Ans Substances obtained by microbial processing Roles

Citirc, Malic and Lactic acid To impart acidity

Glutamic acid, Lysine, Tryptophan Protein binding

Nycin and natamycin Microbial restrictor

Ascorbic acid (Vit. C), B12, B2 Antioxidants, vitamins.

Beta carotene, lycopenes, xanthenes, lutein Edible colours

Polysaccharides, glycolipids Emulsifiers

Vanillin, Ethyl butyrate (fruit flavour), peppermint

Essence
flavour, essence of various fruits and flowers

Xylitol, aspartame Artificial sweetener (low calorie)

10 Complete the following conceptual picture related to environmental management.

Ans
11

Ans

12 Sr. No Plants Functions

a. Pteris vitata .................

b. Pseudomonas .................

c. ................. To absorb uranium and arsenic.

d. ................. To absorb the radiations from radioactive debris.

e. Indian mustard .................

Ans a. Pteris vitata To absorb the arsenic from the soil

b. Pseudomonas To clean the hydrocarbon and oil pollutants from soil and water

c. Sunflower To absorb uranium and arsenic.

Deinococcus
d. To absorb the radiations from radioactive debris.
radiodurans

e. Indian mustard To absorb selenium from soil

13 Body cavity Germ Layer Phylum

 Absent ............... Porifera

Absent Triploblastic ...............

Pseudocoelom ............... Aschelminthes

Present ............... Arthropoda

Ans Body cavity Germ Layer Phylum

Absent Absent Porifera

Absent Triploblastic Platyhelminthes

Pseudocoelom Triploblastic Aschelminthes

Present Triploblastic Arthropoda

14

Ans

15

Ans

16
Ans

17

Ans
18 Trace the path of a sperm from the testis to the exterior of the human body.
(ejaculatory duct, epididymis, vas deferens, urinogenital duct, vas eferens, urinogenital duct, penis)

Ans

19

Ans

20 Complete the give diagram.

Ans i. Compressor for pressurised air

ii. Natural gas
[Link] turbine
[Link] Energy

21
Ans

22

Ans

23

Ans
24 Complete the chart for anaerobic respiration in living organisms/ cells.

Ans

25
Ans i. To maintain the clean, pollution free air, water and land.
ii. To conserve the natural resources.
iii. To protect and conserve the biodiversity.
iv. To give quality of life and sustainable future to next generations.
26

Ans

27
Ans

28

Ans

29 Complete the diagram of sewage after processing.

Ans

30
 Complete the following chart and state which process of energy production it represents :

Ans

31 Complete the table related to use of Aspergillus niger.

Ans

32

Ans
33 Complete the following flow - chart.

Ans

34

Ans

35
 Copmplete the table of Milk production.

Ans

36

Ans

37 Complete the given aquatic food chain:

Ans

38
Ans

39 Draw a schematic diagram of power plant based on natural gas.

Ans text

40
Ans

41

Ans i. Joining laughter club.

ii. Regular exercising and Performing yoga
iii. Participating in sports and outdoor games.
iv. Pursuing hobbies like gardening, reading etc.
42

Ans

43

Ans

44 Substances obtained by microbial processing and their roles.

Substances obtained by microbial processing Roles

Citirc, Malic and Lactic acid ...............

................ Protein binding

Nycin and natamycin ...............

............... Antioxidants, vitamins.

Beta carotene, lycopenes, xanthenes, lutein ...............

................ Emulsifiers
 Vanillin, Ethyl butyrate (fruit flavour), peppermint ...............
flavour, essence of various fruits and flowers

............... Artificial sweetener (low calorie)

Ans Substances obtained by microbial processing Roles

Citirc, Malic and Lactic acid To impart acidity

Glutamic acid, Lysine, Tryptophan Protein binding

Nycin and natamycin Microbial restrictor

Ascorbic acid (Vit. C), B12, B2 Antioxidants, vitamins.

Beta carotene, lycopenes, xanthenes, lutein Edible colours

Polysaccharides, glycolipids Emulsifiers

Vanillin, Ethyl butyrate (fruit flavour), peppermint

Essence
flavour, essence of various fruits and flowers

Xylitol, aspartame Artificial sweetener (low calorie)

45 Complete the following conceptual picture related to environmental management.

Ans

46
Ans

47 Sr. No Plants Functions

a. Pteris vitata .................

b. Pseudomonas .................

c. ................. To absorb uranium and arsenic.

d. ................. To absorb the radiations from radioactive debris.

e. Indian mustard .................

Ans a. Pteris vitata To absorb the arsenic from the soil

b. Pseudomonas To clean the hydrocarbon and oil pollutants from soil and water

c. Sunflower To absorb uranium and arsenic.

Deinococcus
d. To absorb the radiations from radioactive debris.
radiodurans

e. Indian mustard To absorb selenium from soil

48 Body cavity Germ Layer Phylum

Absent ............... Porifera

Absent Triploblastic ...............

Pseudocoelom ............... Aschelminthes

Present ............... Arthropoda

Ans Body cavity Germ Layer Phylum

Absent Absent Porifera

Absent Triploblastic Platyhelminthes

Pseudocoelom Triploblastic Aschelminthes

Present Triploblastic Arthropoda

49
Ans

50

Ans

51

Ans
52

Ans

53 Trace the path of a sperm from the testis to the exterior of the human body.
(ejaculatory duct, epididymis, vas deferens, urinogenital duct, vas eferens, urinogenital duct, penis)

Ans

54
Ans

55 Complete the give diagram.

Ans i. Compressor for pressurised air

ii. Natural gas
[Link] turbine
[Link] Energy
56

Ans

57
Ans

58

Ans

59
 Complete the chart for anaerobic respiration in living organisms/ cells.

Ans

60
Ans i. To maintain the clean, pollution free air, water and land.
ii. To conserve the natural resources.
iii. To protect and conserve the biodiversity.
iv. To give quality of life and sustainable future to next generations.
61

Ans

62

Ans
63

Ans

64 Complete the diagram of sewage after processing.

Ans

65 Complete the following chart and state which process of energy production it represents :

Ans
66 Complete the table related to use of Aspergillus niger.

Ans

67

Ans

68 Complete the following flow - chart.

Ans
69

Ans

70 Copmplete the table of Milk production.

Ans
Q.12 Suggest remedies / measures 60
1 What precautions would you take during the following disasters? Which type of first aid is offered in case of
such incidences?

Ans (A)
This picture depicts an earthquake.
Precautions to be taken:
1. If you are inside a room, stand in a doorway or crawl under heavy furniture (a desk or table). Stay away
from windows. Stay inside the room till it is safe to exit .
2. Stay away from cupboards, shelves, etc. which can fall on you.
3. Do not use the elevators.
4. Stay away from glass panes or doors as they may shatter and cause injury.
5. If you are outdoors, move to a clear area away from trees, electrical wires, buildings, poles, etc.
6. Do not panic.
Effects:
1. Some of the common effects of earthquakes are ground shaking, ground rupture, landslides, structural
damage to buildings, fires, damage to bridges and highways and tsunami.
2. This causes many people to become homeless. Furthermore, earthquakes can cause disruption to public
services like transport systems and communication connections.
(B)
Ans. This picture shows a house on fire.
Precautions to be taken:
1. Immediately exit the house and call the nearest fire station.
2. When evacuating the house, see that there is no fire on the other side of the exit.
3. If there is a smoke in the air, stay as low as possible to reduce inhalation exposure.
4. Move towards the refuge area and wait for further instructions. Do not panic.
5. Be aware of the others in danger and see if assistance can be sent to them.
6. Do not waste time in collecting personal materials, but exit the area as quickly as possible.
Effects:
Loss of life due to burning or suffocation, Property and important documents get damaged.
(C)
Ans. This picture is of snakebite.
Precautions to be taken:
1. Move the person beyond the striking distance of the snake.
2. Make the person lie down, keep him/her calm and at rest. Keep the person still so as to prevent the poison
from spreading.
3. Cover the wound with a loose and clean bandage.
4. Remove shoes if the leg or foot is bitten.
5. Immediately take the affected person to the nearest hospital or medical centre.
Effects:
Person may die if immediate first aid is not given. Besides bleeding, kidney failure, severe allergic reaction,
tissue death around the bite, breathing problems, amputation can occur.
2 Which precautions are necessary for proper decomposition of domestic waste?

Ans The precautions to be taken for proper decomposition of domestic waste are:
i. Wet and dry waste should be properly segregated.
ii. Bio-medical waste, e-waste, etc. should not be mixed with wet waste.
[Link] segregation, the waste should be disposed of carefully.
[Link] waste should be incinerated to prevent the spread of infection.
v. Dry waste and e-waste should be sent for recycling.
[Link] waste should be completely free of any nonbiodegradable matter. This can then be converted to
compost.
3 You have to use free space around your home for good purpose.

Ans The free space around my house can be utilized for good purpose in many ways as follows:
i. I will start a small library with lots of books and good magazines. Children can come, read,
and spend their time fruitfully.
ii. I can convert that space into a play area.
I can play various sports with my friends, which is a good way to keep ourselves occupied and
free from addiction, stress, and other social illnesses.
iii. I can convert it into a small garden and grow some plants and take care of those plants.

4 Write remedies for drought.

Ans Remedies:-
i. Water conservation and storage.
ii. Taking measures to prevent air and water pollution.
iii. Rainwater harvesting.
iv. Nations must limit the amount of greenhouse gases emitted into the Earth's atmosphere.
v. Interlinking of national water resources (rivers). Water management can be much better that way.
[Link] and other water storage mechanism need to be in place.
5 What precautions will you take during spraying of pesticides ?

Ans
 1. Person, spraying insecticides must wear protective master and clothing to present inhalation and direct
contact with peptides.
2. Pesticides are in feat polonies. There polonies enter the food web through water and food and bio-
magnification occurs.
3. Hence minimum and hinted use of pesticides is a must since there are extremely dangerous and damage
our ecosystem.

6 State any 3 precautions taken for proper decomposition of domestic waste.

Ans Domestic wastes should be properly segregated into dry and wet. Only wet wastes which are degradable
i.
should be let into the landfill.
ii. Compressed waste should be covered with layers of soil, saw dust, leafy waste and specific biochemical.
Completely filled pet should be sealed with soil slurry so that the bacteria present in the soil and other top
iii.
layers can decompose the wastes quickly.
7 State the type of disaster. Which precautions would you take during those disasters?

Ans i. Stay calm! If you're indoors, stay inside. If you're outside, stay outside.
If you're indoors, stand against a wall near the center of the building, stand in a doorway, or crawl under
ii.
heavy furniture (a desk or table). Stay away from windows and outside doors.
If you're outdoors, stay in the open away from power lines or anything that might fall. Stay away from
iii.
buildings (stuff might fall off the building or the building could fall on you).
iv. Don't use matches, candles, or any flame. Broken gas lines and fire don't mix.
v. If you're in a car, stop the car and stay inside the car until the earthquake stops.
8 State the remedies of motor accident and land sliding.

Ans Motor Accident Remedies:-

a. Following the traffic signals.
b. Do not drink and drive.
c. Do not talk on mobiles while driving.
Land Sliding Remedies:-
a. Increase in vegetation cover.
b. Planting trees on slopes.
c. Afforestation
d. Cutting of trees should be avoided.
e. Natural water streams should not be obstructed during construction.

9
 Identify the disasters shown in the pictures. What precautions would you take during the disasters? Write the
effects of these disasters.
OR
The following are some pictures of disasters. Which precautions would you take during these disasters?

Ans This picture depicts an earthquake.

Precautions to be taken:
i. If you are inside a room, stand in a doorway or crawl under heavy furniture (a desk or table). Stay away
from windows. Stay inside the room till it is safe to exit.
ii. Stay away from cupboards, shelves, etc. which can fall on you.
iii. Do not use the elevators.
iv. Stay away from glass panes or doors as they may shatter and cause injury.
v. If you are outdoors, move to a clear area away from trees, electrical wires, buildings, poles, etc.
vi. Do not panic.
Effects:
i. Some of the common effects of earthquakes are ground shaking, ground rupture, landslides,structural
damage to buildings, fires, damage to bridges and highways and tsunami.
ii. This causes many people to become homeless. Furthermore, earthquakes can cause disruption to public
services like transport systems and communication connections.
10 Your friend has developed the hobby of snapping selfies.

Ans i. I will discourage my friend from doing so, as this hobby can turn into addiction and can harm
him/her.
ii. People indulging in selfies are not aware about the world around and about the risks involved.
This is
called selficide.
[Link] selfies can make one self-centred. Hence, to protect my friend from being so, I will help
my
friend overcome this addiction.
11 What are the steps to conserve Biodiversity

Ans Refer Text

12 Suggest the remedies for the following situation:

1. What will you do if your brother studying in class X has developed the stress?
2. How will you help to maintain good atmosphere chronically ill old person?

Ans 1. I will sit and explain him that there is absolutely no need and no use of taking stress. His efficiency will
increase if he studies stress free. I will suggest Various stress relieving exercises and activities. I will also
suggest him to think more about time management, stress relieving, and efficient work.
2.
i. Recite some religious scripts.
ii. I will ask my relatives to visit at least twice a month.
iii.I will take responsibility of giving medicines on time.
iv.I will also get my friends alongwith me at home.
v. I will not let the old person feel isolated at any point of time.
13 Suggest the remedies for the following situation:
1. What will you do if your friend has developed the hobby of snapping selfies ?
2. What will you do if your sister has become incommunicative and prefers to be alone ?

Ans 1.
I will make my friend realize that how taking selfies is a kind of addiction especially at dangerous places and
i.
at times it may lead to fatal accidents.
[Link] once he is ready to let go of his addiction we can work together to overcome this addiction.
2.
i. If my sister has become incommunicative I will try to engage her in communication slowly and gradually.
I will try to convince her that she can trust and discuss every problem with me and I will help her to solve all
ii.
her problems.
[Link] I will also observe her habits, behavior to rule out substance abuse.
14 How can the oil spills of rivers and oceans be cleaned?

Ans (i) Spilling of petroleum oil in oceans and rivers occurs due to various reasons.
(ii) This oil may prove fatal and toxic to aquatic organisms.
(iii) It is not easy to remove the oil layer from the surface of water by mechanical
method.
(iv) However, bacteria like Pseudomonas spp. and Alcanovorax borkumensis
have the ability to destroy the pyridines and other chemicals in petroleum.
(v) Hence, these bacteria are used to clear the oil spills. These are known as
hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (HCB).
(vi) HCB decompose the hydrocarbons and bring about the reaction of carbon
with oxygen. CO2 and water is formed in this process, thus cleaning the oil
spills in oceans and rivers.
15 Suggest the remedies for the following situation:
1. What will you do if the child of your neighbor is addicted to tobacco chewing ?
2. What will you do if you have free space around your home ?

Ans 1.
i. I will try to start healthy communication with the child and his parents.
I will explain them about the ill effects and carcinogenic effects of tobacco on mouth and lungs and its
ii.
physiological implications.
I will tell them about various organizations that are working towards tobacco free society like WHO, TATA
iii.
trust and will help the child to get treated for addiction.
2.
We can use it as playground for children, with proper trees and benches it can also help people to come
i.
and relax for some time during daytime.
ii. I can also use it as a free area for gardening for those people who love gardening, but don’t have space.
[Link] space can also be used for laughter clubs, yoga etc.
16 A child of your neighbour is addicted to tobacco chewing.

Ans i. I will make the child aware of the health risks associated with chewing of tobacco.
ii. I will show him pictures of effects of tobacco addiction.
iii.I will try to help the child to get out of this addiction, because it may permanently damage
his/her
nervous/muscle system/heart, etc. Tobacco can even cause cancer.
17 Your sister has become incommunicative. She prefers to remain alone.

Ans i. I will start engaging her in activities with me, so that her mind is engaged.
ii. Then, I will help her to start talking. I won’t push her too much, but will encourage her slowly to
 talk about her feelings, by being very patient and not making her uncomfortable.
[Link] incommunicative and preferring to stay alone is a sign of mental stress. So, I will try to
relieve her of the stress she is facing.
18 Your brother is studying in standard 12th and has developed stress.

Ans i. Competition is one of the main factors contributing to stress. I will advise my brother to relax a
bit, and take breaks between studies; to take a walk, watch a favourite show or listen to songs
so that he
gets relief from stress.
ii. At the same time, I would also motivate him to put in his best effort, telling him that marks are
important, but what is more important is the effort one puts in.
iii.I will advise him to do meditation for improving his concentration in studies.
19 What will you do? Why?
You are spending more time on the Internet/mobile games, phone, etc.

Ans i. I will try to reduce the time I spend on the Internet, cell phone, and games. For this, I will
indulge in
other activities like singing, dancing, meditation, or playing a sport.
ii. I will do so because –
(a) spending excessive time on the Internet and cell phone is like an addiction. It may make
me self-centred and less sensitive towards others and thus hinder me from developing
harmonious relationship with others.
(b) It may also cause physical problems like tiredness, headache, insomnia, forgetfulness, joint
pains, etc.
(c) Problems in vision may also arise due to radiation of cell phones.
20 Identify the disasters shown in the pictures.
What precautions would you take during the disasters? Write the effects of these disasters.

Ans This picture shows a house on fire.

Precautions to be taken :
1. Immediately exit the house and call the nearest fire station.
2. When evacuating the house, see that there is no fire on the other side of the exit.
3. If there is a smoke in the air, stay as low as possible to reduce inhalation exposure.
4. Move towards the refuge area and wait for further instructions. Do not panic.
5. Be aware of the others in danger and see if assistance can be sent to them.
6. Do not waste time in collecting personal materials, but exit the area as quickly as possible. Effects: Loss of
life due to burning or suffocation, Property and important documents get damaged.

21 What precautions would you take during the following disasters? Which type of first aid is offered in case of
such incidences?

Ans
 (A)
This picture depicts an earthquake.
Precautions to be taken:
1. If you are inside a room, stand in a doorway or crawl under heavy furniture (a desk or table). Stay away
from windows. Stay inside the room till it is safe to exit .
2. Stay away from cupboards, shelves, etc. which can fall on you.
3. Do not use the elevators.
4. Stay away from glass panes or doors as they may shatter and cause injury.
5. If you are outdoors, move to a clear area away from trees, electrical wires, buildings, poles, etc.
6. Do not panic.
Effects:
1. Some of the common effects of earthquakes are ground shaking, ground rupture, landslides, structural
damage to buildings, fires, damage to bridges and highways and tsunami.
2. This causes many people to become homeless. Furthermore, earthquakes can cause disruption to public
services like transport systems and communication connections.
(B)
Ans. This picture shows a house on fire.
Precautions to be taken:
1. Immediately exit the house and call the nearest fire station.
2. When evacuating the house, see that there is no fire on the other side of the exit.
3. If there is a smoke in the air, stay as low as possible to reduce inhalation exposure.
4. Move towards the refuge area and wait for further instructions. Do not panic.
5. Be aware of the others in danger and see if assistance can be sent to them.
6. Do not waste time in collecting personal materials, but exit the area as quickly as possible.
Effects:
Loss of life due to burning or suffocation, Property and important documents get damaged.
(C)
Ans. This picture is of snakebite.
Precautions to be taken:
1. Move the person beyond the striking distance of the snake.
2. Make the person lie down, keep him/her calm and at rest. Keep the person still so as to prevent the poison
from spreading.
3. Cover the wound with a loose and clean bandage.
4. Remove shoes if the leg or foot is bitten.
5. Immediately take the affected person to the nearest hospital or medical centre.
Effects:
Person may die if immediate first aid is not given. Besides bleeding, kidney failure, severe allergic reaction,
tissue death around the bite, breathing problems, amputation can occur.

22 Which precautions are necessary for proper decomposition of domestic waste?

Ans The precautions to be taken for proper decomposition of domestic waste are:
i. Wet and dry waste should be properly segregated.
ii. Bio-medical waste, e-waste, etc. should not be mixed with wet waste.
[Link] segregation, the waste should be disposed of carefully.
[Link] waste should be incinerated to prevent the spread of infection.
v. Dry waste and e-waste should be sent for recycling.
[Link] waste should be completely free of any nonbiodegradable matter. This can then be converted to
compost.
23 You have to use free space around your home for good purpose.

Ans The free space around my house can be utilized for good purpose in many ways as follows:
i. I will start a small library with lots of books and good magazines. Children can come, read,
and spend their time fruitfully.
ii. I can convert that space into a play area.
 I can play various sports with my friends, which is a good way to keep ourselves occupied and
free from addiction, stress, and other social illnesses.
iii. I can convert it into a small garden and grow some plants and take care of those plants.
24 Write remedies for drought.

Ans Remedies:-
i. Water conservation and storage.
ii. Taking measures to prevent air and water pollution.
iii. Rainwater harvesting.
iv. Nations must limit the amount of greenhouse gases emitted into the Earth's atmosphere.
v. Interlinking of national water resources (rivers). Water management can be much better that way.
[Link] and other water storage mechanism need to be in place.
25 What precautions will you take during spraying of pesticides ?

Ans 1. Person, spraying insecticides must wear protective master and clothing to present inhalation and direct
contact with peptides.
2. Pesticides are in feat polonies. There polonies enter the food web through water and food and bio-
magnification occurs.
3. Hence minimum and hinted use of pesticides is a must since there are extremely dangerous and damage
our ecosystem.

26 State any 3 precautions taken for proper decomposition of domestic waste.

Ans Domestic wastes should be properly segregated into dry and wet. Only wet wastes which are degradable
i.
should be let into the landfill.
ii. Compressed waste should be covered with layers of soil, saw dust, leafy waste and specific biochemical.
Completely filled pet should be sealed with soil slurry so that the bacteria present in the soil and other top
iii.
layers can decompose the wastes quickly.

27 State the type of disaster. Which precautions would you take during those disasters?

Ans i. Stay calm! If you're indoors, stay inside. If you're outside, stay outside.
If you're indoors, stand against a wall near the center of the building, stand in a doorway, or crawl under
ii.
heavy furniture (a desk or table). Stay away from windows and outside doors.
If you're outdoors, stay in the open away from power lines or anything that might fall. Stay away from
iii.
buildings (stuff might fall off the building or the building could fall on you).
iv. Don't use matches, candles, or any flame. Broken gas lines and fire don't mix.
v. If you're in a car, stop the car and stay inside the car until the earthquake stops.
28 State the remedies of motor accident and land sliding.

Ans
 Motor Accident Remedies:-
a. Following the traffic signals.
b. Do not drink and drive.
c. Do not talk on mobiles while driving.
Land Sliding Remedies:-
a. Increase in vegetation cover.
b. Planting trees on slopes.
c. Afforestation
d. Cutting of trees should be avoided.
e. Natural water streams should not be obstructed during construction.

29 Identify the disasters shown in the pictures. What precautions would you take during the disasters? Write the
effects of these disasters.
OR
The following are some pictures of disasters. Which precautions would you take during these disasters?

Ans This picture depicts an earthquake.

Precautions to be taken:
i. If you are inside a room, stand in a doorway or crawl under heavy furniture (a desk or table). Stay away
from windows. Stay inside the room till it is safe to exit.
ii. Stay away from cupboards, shelves, etc. which can fall on you.
iii. Do not use the elevators.
iv. Stay away from glass panes or doors as they may shatter and cause injury.
v. If you are outdoors, move to a clear area away from trees, electrical wires, buildings, poles, etc.
vi. Do not panic.
Effects:
i. Some of the common effects of earthquakes are ground shaking, ground rupture, landslides,structural
damage to buildings, fires, damage to bridges and highways and tsunami.
ii. This causes many people to become homeless. Furthermore, earthquakes can cause disruption to public
services like transport systems and communication connections.

30 Your friend has developed the hobby of snapping selfies.

Ans i. I will discourage my friend from doing so, as this hobby can turn into addiction and can harm
him/her.
ii. People indulging in selfies are not aware about the world around and about the risks involved.
This is
called selficide.
[Link] selfies can make one self-centred. Hence, to protect my friend from being so, I will help
my
friend overcome this addiction.
31 What are the steps to conserve Biodiversity

Ans Refer Text

32
 Suggest the remedies for the following situation:
1. What will you do if your brother studying in class X has developed the stress?
2. How will you help to maintain good atmosphere chronically ill old person?

Ans 1. I will sit and explain him that there is absolutely no need and no use of taking stress. His efficiency will
increase if he studies stress free. I will suggest Various stress relieving exercises and activities. I will also
suggest him to think more about time management, stress relieving, and efficient work.
2.
i. Recite some religious scripts.
ii. I will ask my relatives to visit at least twice a month.
iii.I will take responsibility of giving medicines on time.
iv.I will also get my friends alongwith me at home.
v. I will not let the old person feel isolated at any point of time.
33 Suggest the remedies for the following situation:
1. What will you do if your friend has developed the hobby of snapping selfies ?
2. What will you do if your sister has become incommunicative and prefers to be alone ?

Ans 1.
I will make my friend realize that how taking selfies is a kind of addiction especially at dangerous places and
i.
at times it may lead to fatal accidents.
[Link] once he is ready to let go of his addiction we can work together to overcome this addiction.
2.
i. If my sister has become incommunicative I will try to engage her in communication slowly and gradually.
I will try to convince her that she can trust and discuss every problem with me and I will help her to solve all
ii.
her problems.
[Link] I will also observe her habits, behavior to rule out substance abuse.
34 How can the oil spills of rivers and oceans be cleaned?

Ans (i) Spilling of petroleum oil in oceans and rivers occurs due to various reasons.
(ii) This oil may prove fatal and toxic to aquatic organisms.
(iii) It is not easy to remove the oil layer from the surface of water by mechanical
method.
(iv) However, bacteria like Pseudomonas spp. and Alcanovorax borkumensis
have the ability to destroy the pyridines and other chemicals in petroleum.
(v) Hence, these bacteria are used to clear the oil spills. These are known as
hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (HCB).
(vi) HCB decompose the hydrocarbons and bring about the reaction of carbon
with oxygen. CO2 and water is formed in this process, thus cleaning the oil
spills in oceans and rivers.
35 Suggest the remedies for the following situation:
1. What will you do if the child of your neighbor is addicted to tobacco chewing ?
2. What will you do if you have free space around your home ?

Ans 1.
i. I will try to start healthy communication with the child and his parents.
I will explain them about the ill effects and carcinogenic effects of tobacco on mouth and lungs and its
ii.
physiological implications.
I will tell them about various organizations that are working towards tobacco free society like WHO, TATA
iii.
trust and will help the child to get treated for addiction.
2.
We can use it as playground for children, with proper trees and benches it can also help people to come
i.
and relax for some time during daytime.
ii. I can also use it as a free area for gardening for those people who love gardening, but don’t have space.
 [Link] space can also be used for laughter clubs, yoga etc.
36 A child of your neighbour is addicted to tobacco chewing.

Ans i. I will make the child aware of the health risks associated with chewing of tobacco.
ii. I will show him pictures of effects of tobacco addiction.
iii.I will try to help the child to get out of this addiction, because it may permanently damage
his/her
nervous/muscle system/heart, etc. Tobacco can even cause cancer.
37 Your sister has become incommunicative. She prefers to remain alone.

Ans i. I will start engaging her in activities with me, so that her mind is engaged.
ii. Then, I will help her to start talking. I won’t push her too much, but will encourage her slowly to
talk about her feelings, by being very patient and not making her uncomfortable.
[Link] incommunicative and preferring to stay alone is a sign of mental stress. So, I will try to
relieve her of the stress she is facing.
38 Your brother is studying in standard 12th and has developed stress.

Ans i. Competition is one of the main factors contributing to stress. I will advise my brother to relax a
bit, and take breaks between studies; to take a walk, watch a favourite show or listen to songs
so that he
gets relief from stress.
ii. At the same time, I would also motivate him to put in his best effort, telling him that marks are
important, but what is more important is the effort one puts in.
iii.I will advise him to do meditation for improving his concentration in studies.
39 What will you do? Why?
You are spending more time on the Internet/mobile games, phone, etc.

Ans i. I will try to reduce the time I spend on the Internet, cell phone, and games. For this, I will
indulge in
other activities like singing, dancing, meditation, or playing a sport.
ii. I will do so because –
(a) spending excessive time on the Internet and cell phone is like an addiction. It may make
me self-centred and less sensitive towards others and thus hinder me from developing
harmonious relationship with others.
(b) It may also cause physical problems like tiredness, headache, insomnia, forgetfulness, joint
pains, etc.
(c) Problems in vision may also arise due to radiation of cell phones.
40 Identify the disasters shown in the pictures.
What precautions would you take during the disasters? Write the effects of these disasters.

Ans
 This picture shows a house on fire.
Precautions to be taken :
1. Immediately exit the house and call the nearest fire station.
2. When evacuating the house, see that there is no fire on the other side of the exit.
3. If there is a smoke in the air, stay as low as possible to reduce inhalation exposure.
4. Move towards the refuge area and wait for further instructions. Do not panic.
5. Be aware of the others in danger and see if assistance can be sent to them.
6. Do not waste time in collecting personal materials, but exit the area as quickly as possible. Effects: Loss of
life due to burning or suffocation, Property and important documents get damaged.

Q.13 Label the diagram and explain. 42

1 Sketch, label and classify - Shark

Ans

2 Label the given diagram and write any 2 features of such animal. - Frog
Or
Sketch, label and classify - Frog

Ans
 Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum - Chordata
Class - Amphibia
Genus - Rana
Features:
(i) These animals are strictly aquatic during larval life and perform only aquatic respiration whereas they can
live in water as well as on land during adult life and can perform aquatic as well as aerial respiration.
(ii) They have two pairs of appendages. Digits are without claws.

3 Sketch, label and classify - Jellyfish

Ans

Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum - Cnidaria
Subphylum - Medusozoa
4 Sketch, label and classify - Octopus

Ans

Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum - Mollusca
Genus - Octpous

5 Label the diagram: Human Respiratory System.

Ans i. Nasal cavity

ii. Mouth
 iii. Larynx
iv. Bronchus
v. Diaphragm
vi. Alveoli
vii. Left lung
[Link]
6 Observe the diagram and Identify 1, 2, 3 and 4.

Ans

7 Sketch, label and classify - Wall lizard

Ans
 Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum - Choradata
Genus - Hemidactylus

8 Label the diagram: Human Respiratory System.

Ans

9
 Label diagram of Amphioxus. Note the characteristics of Cephalochordata.

Ans

Sub- Phylum Cephalochordata.

i. These are small, fish-like, marine animals.
ii. Notochord is present throughout the body length.
[Link] is very large and contains gill-slits.
[Link] animals are unisexual.
10 Label the diagram: Multiple fission in Amoeba.

Ans

11 Sketch, label and classify - Star fish

Ans
 Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum - Echinodermata
Genus - Asterias

12 Sketch, label and classify - Planaria

Ans

Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum - Platyhelmenthis
Genus - Planaria

13 Sketch, label and classify - Butterfly

Ans
 Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum - Arthropda
Genus - Rhopalocera

14 Sketch, label and classify - Pigeon

Ans

Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum - Choradata
Class - Aves
Genus - Columba

15 Sketch, label and classify - Shark

Ans

16 Label the given diagram and write any 2 features of such animal. - Frog
Or
Sketch, label and classify - Frog

Ans

Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum - Chordata
Class - Amphibia
Genus - Rana
Features:
(i) These animals are strictly aquatic during larval life and perform only aquatic respiration whereas they can
live in water as well as on land during adult life and can perform aquatic as well as aerial respiration.
(ii) They have two pairs of appendages. Digits are without claws.

17
 Sketch, label and classify - Jellyfish

Ans

Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum - Cnidaria
Subphylum - Medusozoa

18 Sketch, label and classify - Octopus

Ans
 Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum - Mollusca
Genus - Octpous

19 Label the diagram: Human Respiratory System.

Ans i. Nasal cavity

ii. Mouth
iii. Larynx
iv. Bronchus
v. Diaphragm
vi. Alveoli
vii. Left lung
[Link]
20 Observe the diagram and Identify 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Ans

21 Sketch, label and classify - Wall lizard

Ans

Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum - Choradata
Genus - Hemidactylus

22
 Label the diagram: Human Respiratory System.

Ans

23 Label diagram of Amphioxus. Note the characteristics of Cephalochordata.

Ans
 Sub- Phylum Cephalochordata.
i. These are small, fish-like, marine animals.
ii. Notochord is present throughout the body length.
[Link] is very large and contains gill-slits.
[Link] animals are unisexual.
24 Label the diagram: Multiple fission in Amoeba.

Ans

25 Sketch, label and classify - Star fish

Ans

Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum - Echinodermata
Genus - Asterias

26
 Sketch, label and classify - Planaria

Ans

Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum - Platyhelmenthis
Genus - Planaria

27 Sketch, label and classify - Butterfly

Ans

Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum - Arthropda
Genus - Rhopalocera

28
 Sketch, label and classify - Pigeon

Ans

Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum - Choradata
Class - Aves
Genus - Columba

Q.14 Complete the incomplete diagram 3

1
 Label the diagram : Flower with its sexual reproductive organs.

Ans

2 Label the diagram : Flower with its sexual reproductive organs.

Ans
Q.15 Explain the diagram 27
1 The below diagram shows the potential of stem cells to form different cell types. Give the types of Cells along
with example.

Ans Types of stem cells :

1..Embryonic stem cells. (example : Cells of inner cell mass of blastocyst)
Adult stem cells (example : red bone marrow, adipose connective tissue and blood. Stem cells can be
2.
obtained from cord blood immediate after birth)

2 Observe the following pictures of animals, classify and write any two characteristics of their phylum / class.

Ans Name of the animal : Frog

Phylum : Chordata
Subphylum : Vertebrata
Characteristics :
a. Larvae of amphibians are strictly aquatic and perform aquatic respiration only. Adults can perform aquatic
as well as serial respiration.
b. Exoskeleton is absent and skin is usually kept moist for respiration.
c. They have two pairs of appendages and their digits are without claws.
d. Neck is absent. Eyes are prominent with eyelids. External eat is absent, but tympanum is present.
3 Explain the following diagram in detail
Ans Prokaryotes (bacteria), Protists (Amoeba, Paramoecium, Euglena, etc.) and eukaryotic cell organelle like
i
mitochondria and chloroplasts perform asexual reproduction by binary fission.
ii In this process, the parent cell divides to form two similar daughter cells.
iiiBinary fission occurs either by mitosis or amitosis.
Binary fission is usually performed by living organisms during favorable conditions i.e. availability of
iv
abundant food material.
The axis of fission is different in different protists. Example: Amoeba divides in any plane due to lack of
v
specific shape, hence it is called as ‘simple binary fission’.
4 Explain about the diagram given below.

Ans Most of the electric power plants are based on the principle of electromagnetic induction invented by
i.
Michael Faraday.
According to this principle, whenever magnetic field around a conductor changes, a potential difference
ii.
is generated across the conductor.
The field around a conductor can be changed in two ways. If a conductor is stationary and magnet is
iii. rotating, the field around the conductor changes or if a magnet is stationary, but the conductor is moving
then also the field around the conductor will change.
Thus, in both these cases, a potential difference is created across the conductor. The electrical
iv.
power generating machine based on this principle is called electric generator.
Such large generators are used in commercial power generation plants. Turbine is used to rotate the
v.
magnet in the generator. A turbine has blades.
When a flow of liquid or gas is directed on the blades of the turbine, it rotates because of the kinetic energy
vi. of the [Link] turbine is connected to electric generator. Thus the magnet in electric generator starts
rotating and electric energy is produced.

5 Observe the given picture and explain what would be the steps for post - disaster management in case if you
face this disaster ?
Ans The picture shows gas leak from an LPG cylinder.
Post - diaster management :
i. Do not try to turn ON or turn OFF any electrical appliances in the surroundings area.
ii. Put out all flames, incense sticks, etc.
iii. Turn off the LPG regulator and immediately put on the safety cap.
iv. Open all the windows and doors to ensure ventilation.
v. Get in touch with the LPG cylinder dealer immediately.
6 Elaborate the figure.

Ans i. The given figure is a Schematic diagram of a wind mill.

ii. The kinetic energy in wind has been used since long for lifting of water, for driving floor mill etc.
The wind energy can also be used for electricity generation. The machine which converts the kinetic
iii.
energy of wind to electrical energy is called wind-turbine.
As the wind strikes the blades of the turbine, the blades rotate. The axel of the turbine is connected to
iv.
electric generator through a gear-box.
The function of the gear-box is to increase the rotations per unit time. Thus, the rotating blades drive the
v.
turbine and the turbine in turn drives the generator to generate electricity.
vi. Various stages of energy conversions are observed in the wind-energy utilization process.
7 Observe the given picture and explain what would be the steps for pre-diaster management in case if you
face this disaster ?

Ans The picture shows a cyclone.

Pre-diaster management :
i. If residing in cyclone prone areas or near sea coasts, keep supplies such as flashlight and extra batteries,
candles, first aid kit, emergency dry food items and drinking water, essential medicines, cash, etc., ready.
ii. In case of getting notice from the authorities and if living on the coast, or on a flood - plain, near a river,
etc., evacuate immediately.
iii. Ensure that the trees and shrubs around your home or building are well trimmed.
iv. In villagers and rural places, it should be ensured that the roof is secured properly to the frame or the
house structure.
v. Listen to the radio or TV for information and turn-off utilities and turn-off utlities if instructed to do so.
8 Observe the following picture of animal, classify and write any two characteristics of their phylum / class.

Ans Name of the animal : Lizard

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Subphylum : Vertebrata
Class : Reptiila
Characteristics :
a. Reptiles are the first true terrestrial animals with creeping movements.
b. These are poikilothermic (cold blooded) animals.
c. They locomote by creeping, as their body cannot be lifted up.
d. Their digits are provided with claws.
e. Their skin is dry and scaly
f. Neck is present between the head and trunk
g. External ear is absent
9 Observe the following picture of animal, classify and write any two characteristics of their phylum / class.

Ans Name of the animal : Octopus

Kingdom : Animalia
Physlum : Mollusca
Characteristics :
[Link] have a soft and slimy body.
[Link] are aquatic or terrestrial. Most of the aquatic molluses are marine, but few of them inhabit fresh water
too.
[Link] of phylum Mollusca are triploblastic, eucoelomate, non-segmented and bilaterally symmetrical.
[Link] body of molluses is divided into head, foot and visceral mass.
[Link] mass is covered with a mantle tht secretes a hard, calcareous shell. This shell is present either
externally or internally or even absent in some animals.
f. These animals are unisexual.
10
 The below diagram shows the potential of stem cells to form different cell types. Give the types of Cells along
with example.

Ans Types of stem cells :

1..Embryonic stem cells. (example : Cells of inner cell mass of blastocyst)
Adult stem cells (example : red bone marrow, adipose connective tissue and blood. Stem cells can be
2.
obtained from cord blood immediate after birth)

11 Observe the following pictures of animals, classify and write any two characteristics of their phylum / class.

Ans Name of the animal : Frog

Phylum : Chordata
Subphylum : Vertebrata
Characteristics :
a. Larvae of amphibians are strictly aquatic and perform aquatic respiration only. Adults can perform aquatic
as well as serial respiration.
b. Exoskeleton is absent and skin is usually kept moist for respiration.
c. They have two pairs of appendages and their digits are without claws.
d. Neck is absent. Eyes are prominent with eyelids. External eat is absent, but tympanum is present.

12 Explain the following diagram in detail

Ans Prokaryotes (bacteria), Protists (Amoeba, Paramoecium, Euglena, etc.) and eukaryotic cell organelle like
i
mitochondria and chloroplasts perform asexual reproduction by binary fission.
ii In this process, the parent cell divides to form two similar daughter cells.
iiiBinary fission occurs either by mitosis or amitosis.
ivBinary fission is usually performed by living organisms during favorable conditions i.e. availability of
 abundant food material.
The axis of fission is different in different protists. Example: Amoeba divides in any plane due to lack of
v
specific shape, hence it is called as ‘simple binary fission’.
13 Explain about the diagram given below.

Ans Most of the electric power plants are based on the principle of electromagnetic induction invented by
i.
Michael Faraday.
According to this principle, whenever magnetic field around a conductor changes, a potential difference
ii.
is generated across the conductor.
The field around a conductor can be changed in two ways. If a conductor is stationary and magnet is
iii. rotating, the field around the conductor changes or if a magnet is stationary, but the conductor is moving
then also the field around the conductor will change.
Thus, in both these cases, a potential difference is created across the conductor. The electrical
iv.
power generating machine based on this principle is called electric generator.
Such large generators are used in commercial power generation plants. Turbine is used to rotate the
v.
magnet in the generator. A turbine has blades.
When a flow of liquid or gas is directed on the blades of the turbine, it rotates because of the kinetic energy
vi. of the [Link] turbine is connected to electric generator. Thus the magnet in electric generator starts
rotating and electric energy is produced.

14 Observe the given picture and explain what would be the steps for post - disaster management in case if you
face this disaster ?

Ans The picture shows gas leak from an LPG cylinder.

Post - diaster management :
i. Do not try to turn ON or turn OFF any electrical appliances in the surroundings area.
ii. Put out all flames, incense sticks, etc.
iii. Turn off the LPG regulator and immediately put on the safety cap.
iv. Open all the windows and doors to ensure ventilation.
v. Get in touch with the LPG cylinder dealer immediately.
15
 Elaborate the figure.

Ans i. The given figure is a Schematic diagram of a wind mill.

ii. The kinetic energy in wind has been used since long for lifting of water, for driving floor mill etc.
The wind energy can also be used for electricity generation. The machine which converts the kinetic
iii.
energy of wind to electrical energy is called wind-turbine.
As the wind strikes the blades of the turbine, the blades rotate. The axel of the turbine is connected to
iv.
electric generator through a gear-box.
The function of the gear-box is to increase the rotations per unit time. Thus, the rotating blades drive the
v.
turbine and the turbine in turn drives the generator to generate electricity.
vi. Various stages of energy conversions are observed in the wind-energy utilization process.
16 Observe the given picture and explain what would be the steps for pre-diaster management in case if you
face this disaster ?

Ans The picture shows a cyclone.

Pre-diaster management :
i. If residing in cyclone prone areas or near sea coasts, keep supplies such as flashlight and extra batteries,
candles, first aid kit, emergency dry food items and drinking water, essential medicines, cash, etc., ready.
ii. In case of getting notice from the authorities and if living on the coast, or on a flood - plain, near a river,
etc., evacuate immediately.
iii. Ensure that the trees and shrubs around your home or building are well trimmed.
iv. In villagers and rural places, it should be ensured that the roof is secured properly to the frame or the
house structure.
v. Listen to the radio or TV for information and turn-off utilities and turn-off utlities if instructed to do so.
17 Observe the following picture of animal, classify and write any two characteristics of their phylum / class.

Ans Name of the animal : Lizard

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Subphylum : Vertebrata
Class : Reptiila
 Characteristics :
a. Reptiles are the first true terrestrial animals with creeping movements.
b. These are poikilothermic (cold blooded) animals.
c. They locomote by creeping, as their body cannot be lifted up.
d. Their digits are provided with claws.
e. Their skin is dry and scaly
f. Neck is present between the head and trunk
g. External ear is absent
18 Observe the following picture of animal, classify and write any two characteristics of their phylum / class.

Ans Name of the animal : Octopus

Kingdom : Animalia
Physlum : Mollusca
Characteristics :
[Link] have a soft and slimy body.
[Link] are aquatic or terrestrial. Most of the aquatic molluses are marine, but few of them inhabit fresh water
too.
[Link] of phylum Mollusca are triploblastic, eucoelomate, non-segmented and bilaterally symmetrical.
[Link] body of molluses is divided into head, foot and visceral mass.
[Link] mass is covered with a mantle tht secretes a hard, calcareous shell. This shell is present either
externally or internally or even absent in some animals.
f. These animals are unisexual.
Q.16 Complete the table/ web/ flow chart 96
1

Ans i. Potential energy in water

ii. Kinetic energy in turbine
iii. Water reservoir with potential energy
iv. Generator
2

Ans
3 Arrange the following in the given Anaerobic respiration in living organisms/cells chart.
(Various Microbes, Erythrocytes, Muscle cells, Yeast, Different Products Ex: Vinegar, Vitamins, etc., Lactic
acid, Alcohol, Pyruvic acid, Glycolysis, Glucose)

Ans

4 Complete the chart and explain the step-by-step energy conversion in thermal power plant.
Ans

5 Identify the type of disaster

Disaster Type

a. Terrorism

b. Soil erosion

c. Hepatitis

d. Forest Fire

e. Famine

f. Theft

Ans Disaster Type

a. Terrorism International disaster (Man - made)

b. Soil erosion Geological disaster (Natural)

c. Hepatitis Biological disaster (Natural)

d. Forest Fire Biological disaster

e. Famine Atmospheric disaster (Natural)

f. Theft Man - made disaster

6
 Redraw the flow-chart with corrections. Explain in brief the process of obtaining energy through oxidation of
carbohydrates, lipids & proteins.

Ans Corrected flow-chart-

Process of obtaining the energy

Carbohydrates–Carbohydrates like glucose are oxidized to pyruvic acid. Pyruvic acid is converted to acetyl-
co-enzyme-A which is oxidized through Kreb’s cycle. The molecules of NADH2 produced
during this are oxidized through electron transfer chain reaction and finally energy
is obtained.
Proteins- Proteins are digested to amino acids and amino acids are converted into acetyl-co-enzyme-
A. Acetyl-co-enzyme-A is oxidized through Kreb’s cycle. The molecules of NADH2 produced
during this are oxidized through electron transfer chain reaction and finally energy
is obtained.
Lipids- Lipids are converted to fatty acids and fatty acids to acetyl-coenzyme- A. Acetyl-co-enzyme-
A is oxidized through Kreb’s cycle. The molecules of NADH2 produced during this are
oxidized through electron transfer chain reaction and finally energy is obtained.
7
 Solve the following crossword puzzle.

1. Maximum energy generation in India is done using ............... energy.

2. ............... energy is a renewable source of energy.
3. Solar energy can be called ............... called energy.
4. ............... energy of wind is used in wind mills.
5. ............... energy of water in dams is used for generation of electricity.

Ans

8
Ans

9 Complete following concept chart.

Ans
10 Complete the chart of Xanthan gum.

Ans
11 Explain Krebs Cycle with reaction ?

Ans .text

12 Name the type of disaster.

Disaster Ans.

(i) Tsunami, volcanic eruption, earthquake ................

(ii) Cyclone, snow storms, droughts, floods ................

(iii) Forest fire, weed, fungal disease spreading ................

(iv) Communicable virus, bacteria, bite of poisonous animal ................

Poisonous gases, atomic test, unplanned action,

(v) ................
accident

Ans Name the type of disaster.

Disaster Ans.

Geophysical geological
(i) Tsunami, volcanic eruption, earthquake
disaster

Geophysical
(ii) Cyclone, snow storms, droughts, floods
atmospheric disaster

Forest fire, weed, fungal disease Biological Plant-based

(iii)
spreading disaster

Communicable virus, bacteria, bite of Biological Animalbased

(iv)
poisonous animal disaster

Poisonous gases, atomic test, unplanned Man-made unknown

(v)
action, accident disaster

13 Complete the table.

i. Disasters a. ...............

ii. ............... b. It is a practice to check the preparedness of facing the disaster as early as possible.

iii. Transitional
 phase c. ...............

d. It is an important link between emergency measures and national progress and is

iv. ...............
used for the welfare and rehabilitation of the nation.

Ans i. Disasters a. Sudden event that leads to huge loss of life and property.

ii. Mock drill b. It is a practice to check the preparedness of facing the disaster as early as possible.

iii. Transitional
c. Rehabilitation work is started.
phase

d. It is an important link between emergency measures and national progress and is

iv. Resurgence
used for the welfare and rehabilitation of the nation.

14 Distinguish between butterfly and bat with the help of four distinguishing properties

Ans text

15 SEXUAL
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
REPRODUCTION

Reproduction that occurs with the help of somatic cells is called as

i. ................
asexual reproduction

Male and female parent

ii. ................ are necessary for sexual
reproduction.

iii. This reproduction occurs with the help of mitosis only. ..............

New individual formed by

iv. .............. this method is genetically
different from parents.

Asexual reproduction occurs in different individuals by various

v. methods like binary fission, multiple fission, budding, fragmentation, .............
regeneration, vegetative propagation, spore production, etc.

Ans ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

Reproduction that occurs with

Reproduction that occurs with the help of somatic cells is
i. the help of two germ cells is
called as asexual reproduction
called as sexual reproduction.

Male and female parent are

ii. Only one parent is necessary for asexual reproduction. necessary for sexual
reproduction.

This reproduction occurs with

the help of meiosis at the time
iii. This reproduction occurs with the help of mitosis only.
of gametogenesis and then by
mitosis.

New individual formed by this

New individual formed by this method is identical to its
iv. method is genetically different
parent.
from parents.

Asexual reproduction occurs in different individuals by various

 methods like binary fission, multiple fission, budding, Sexual reproduction occurs in
v. fragmentation, regeneration, vegetative propagation, spore multicellular plants and
production, etc. animals including humans

16

Ans

17 Type of
Effects
disaster

Injuries, emotional and mental stress, Outbreaks of epidemics,

(a) ...............
deaths of victims.

(ii) Environmental ................

Ans Type of
Effects
disaster

Medical Injuries, emotional and mental stress, Outbreaks of epidemics,

(a)
disaster deaths of victims.

Partial or complete collapsing of buildings, drying out of water

sources, contamination of water, Stinky pollution of
(ii) Environmental
environment due to decomposing corpses of humans and other
animals.

18 Type of reproduction Examples

i. Multiple fission ................

ii. ................ Yeast

iii. Fragmentation ................

iv Simple binary fission ................

v. ................ Paramoecium

vi. Longitudinal binary fission ................

Ans Type of reproduction Examples

 i. Multiple fission Amoeba

ii. Budding in unicellular organism Yeast

iii. Fragmentation Spirogyra

iv Simple binary fission Amoeba

v. Transverse binary fission Paramoecium

vi. Longitudinal binary fission Euglena

19 Continuous consumption of alcoholic and tobacco-materials.

A O
Ans A D D I C T I O N
20

Ans Any 6
a. Crop Biotechnology (GM crops, hybrid seeds, biofertilizers)
b. Environmental Biotechnology (Pollution control, sewage treatment, etc.)
c. Animal husbandry
d. Human health (vaccines, gene therapy, cloning, etc.
e. Forensic science (DNA fingerprinting, etc)
f. Enhanced food production (Green revolution, White revolution, Blue revolution, etc.)
g. Good biotechnology (Yoghurt, wine, bread, beer, cheese, etc.)
h. Industrial products / White biotechnology
21 Write the symptoms, effects, and remedy for the following disasters in tabular form. Motor accident,
landsliding, forest fire, theft, riot, war, epidemic, drought, locust attack, financial crisis, flood, famine.

Ans Disaster Symptoms Effects Remedy

Colliding of
vehicles, Provide immediate first aid,
Motor Damage to vehicles, injuries
pedestrian or take victims to the nearest
accident or death of passengers
animal hit by hospital.
a vehicle

Soil erosion, Damage to houses on hill-

Rescue operations, clean up
small and big slopes, accidents, blockage
the place, provide first aid to
Landslide stones and of roads due to falling rocks
victims, and provide food and
rocks start and injuries or death of
shelter to survivors
falling off people.

Fire in a Try to extinguish the fire,

Forest Destruction of forests/crops,
forest that plant new trees which can
fire including animal life
spreads fast grow very fast.

Cash or
articles
Loss of life, property, money, Call the police, take proper
Theft getting
and material; fear in people. security measures.
robbed.
 Fights, mob
Rescue operations; pacify
shouting People getting injured, fear
people and restore normalcy;
Riot slogans, in people, destruction of
provide food, clothing, and
stone pelting, property.
shelter to victims.
fire, etc.

Disagreement
between Fear in people, destruction Settle international issues,
War nations, of property, death of soldiers bring about peace, rescue
fights, firing, and civilians. the affected people.
etc.

Rapid spread Provide necessary treatment

of infectious immediately, find the cause
Spread of diseases, lot of
Epidemic diseases, of epidemic, provide
people affected.
health accination, maintain
problems. cleanliness, etc.

Dry land; no rain; death of

Land Provide financial assistance,
plants, animals, and
becoming dry, employment, food, and other
Drought humans; necessity for
no rain, no necessities to affected
people relocate to other
water. people; crop planning; etc.
places.

Leaves of
Destruction of plants, major Use pesticides or other
Locust plants eaten
loss of agriculture, loss to means to drive away the
attack by swarms of
farmers. insects.
large insects.

Dropping
Loss of money, stress (can
Financial down of Implement ways to recover
lead to cheating, robbery,
crisis finances the financial situation.
etc.)
suddenly.

Rescue the affected people,

Water Destruction of life, crops,
provide them food, other
Flood everywhere, property, spread of
necessities, and medical
flooded diseases.
treatment.

Rescue the affected people,

No water, no Dry land; no rain; death of
provide them food, other
Famine food, plants, animals, and
necessities, and medical
no crops. humans.
treatment.

22

Ans
23 Production of beverages.

Name of
Fruit Microbe used Role of microbe
beverage

Caffea Separating seeds

................ .................
arabica from fruit

Candida, Hansenula,
.................. ................ Cocoa
Pichia,Saccharomyces.

Saccharomyces
Grapes ................ .................
cerevisiae

Fermentation of
Apple ............... ...............
juice

Ans Name of
Fruit Microbe used Role of microbe
beverage

Caffea Separating seeds

Lactobacillus brevis Coffee
arabica from fruit

Theobroma Candida, Hansenula, Separating

Cocoa
cacao Pichia,Saccharomyces. seeds from fruit

Saccharomyces Fermentation of
Grapes Wine
cerevisiae juice

Saccharomyces Fermentation of
Apple Cider
cerevisiae juice

24 Complete the table with respect to measures taken for good social health?
Measures How it works??
Laughter Club People relieve their mental stress by laughing loudly
Good Communication
Sports
Music

Ans Measures How it works??

Laughter Club People relieve their mental stress by laughing loudly

Good
Expressing our feeling with near and dear ones help us to relieve the stress
communication

It causes physical exercise, improves discipline, interaction and tendency of unity,

Sports
loneliness is driven away and person becomes more social
 Music has the power of changing the mindset. It keeps us happy and drives away the
Music
stress.

25

Ans i. System for steam generation from water

ii. Generator
iii. Fuel: Uranium Or Plutonium
iv. System for conversion of steam back into water
26

Ans

27 i. Continuous consumption of alcoholic and tobacco-materials

ii. This app may cause the cyber crimes.
iii. A remedy to resolve stress.
iv. Requirement for stress free life.
v. Various factors affect ............... health.
vi. Art of preparing food items.
Ans

28

Ans

29 Complete the following table related to Proteins Amino Acids

Name of Protein/ Amino acids Where it is found

i. ............................... Skin

ii. Ossein ...............

iii........................ Pancreas

iv. Actin and Myosin ...............

v. ........................... Blood

Ans Name of Protein/ Amino acids Where it is found

i. Melanin, Keratin Skin

ii. Ossein Bones

iii. Insulin, Trypsin Pancreas

iv. Actin and Myosin Muscles

v. Hemoglobin Blood

30 Sexual Reproduction in humans.

(Vagina, Epididymis, Vas deferens, Uterus, Oviducts, Penis, Seminal vesicles, Ovary, Prostrate glands,
testes)
 Female Reproductive Part Male Reproductive Part

Ans Female Reproductive Part Male Reproductive Part

Vagina Testes

Uterus Epididymis

Oviducts Seminal vesicles

Ovary Prostate gland

Penis

31 Complete the following chart

Ans material collection , photography. reading, cooking, sculpturing, drawing, dancing etc

32 Organic acids used in various commercial products and microbes useful for the same
Amino
Source Use
acid
Sugar and beet molasses, ammonia
................. Production of monosodium glutamate (Ajinomoto)
salt
Sugar molasses, salt Citric acid .................
Production of minerals used as supplement for calcium and
Glucose, corn steep liquor .................
iron
Molasses, corn steep liquor Lactic acid .................
Molasses, corn steep liquor ................. .................
Ans Source Amino acid Use
Sugar and beet molasses, ammonia L-glutamic
Production of monosodium glutamate (Ajinomoto)
salt acid
Sugar molasses, salt Citric acid Drinks, toffees, chocolate production
Glucose, corn steep liquor Gluconic acid Production of minerals used as supplement for calcium
 and iron
Molasses, corn steep liquor Lactic acid Source of nitrogen, production of vitamins.
Molasses, corn steep liquor Itaconic acid Paper, textile, plastic industry, gum production
33

Ans i. Potential energy in water

ii. Kinetic energy in turbine
iii. Water reservoir with potential energy
iv. Generator
34

Ans

35 Arrange the following in the given Anaerobic respiration in living organisms/cells chart.
(Various Microbes, Erythrocytes, Muscle cells, Yeast, Different Products Ex: Vinegar, Vitamins, etc., Lactic
acid, Alcohol, Pyruvic acid, Glycolysis, Glucose)

Ans
36 Complete the chart and explain the step-by-step energy conversion in thermal power plant.

Ans
37 Identify the type of disaster

Disaster Type

a. Terrorism

b. Soil erosion

c. Hepatitis

d. Forest Fire

e. Famine

f. Theft

Ans Disaster Type

a. Terrorism International disaster (Man - made)

b. Soil erosion Geological disaster (Natural)

c. Hepatitis Biological disaster (Natural)

d. Forest Fire Biological disaster

e. Famine Atmospheric disaster (Natural)

f. Theft Man - made disaster

38
 Redraw the flow-chart with corrections. Explain in brief the process of obtaining energy through oxidation of
carbohydrates, lipids & proteins.

Ans Corrected flow-chart-

Process of obtaining the energy

Carbohydrates–Carbohydrates like glucose are oxidized to pyruvic acid. Pyruvic acid is converted to acetyl-
co-enzyme-A which is oxidized through Kreb’s cycle. The molecules of NADH2 produced
during this are oxidized through electron transfer chain reaction and finally energy
is obtained.
Proteins- Proteins are digested to amino acids and amino acids are converted into acetyl-co-enzyme-
A. Acetyl-co-enzyme-A is oxidized through Kreb’s cycle. The molecules of NADH2 produced
during this are oxidized through electron transfer chain reaction and finally energy
is obtained.
Lipids- Lipids are converted to fatty acids and fatty acids to acetyl-coenzyme- A. Acetyl-co-enzyme-
A is oxidized through Kreb’s cycle. The molecules of NADH2 produced during this are
oxidized through electron transfer chain reaction and finally energy is obtained.

39
 Solve the following crossword puzzle.

1. Maximum energy generation in India is done using ............... energy.

2. ............... energy is a renewable source of energy.
3. Solar energy can be called ............... called energy.
4. ............... energy of wind is used in wind mills.
5. ............... energy of water in dams is used for generation of electricity.

Ans

40
Ans

41 Complete following concept chart.

Ans

42
 Complete the chart of Xanthan gum.

Ans

43 Explain Krebs Cycle with reaction ?

Ans .text

44 Name the type of disaster.

Disaster Ans.

(i) Tsunami, volcanic eruption, earthquake ................

(ii) Cyclone, snow storms, droughts, floods ................

(iii) Forest fire, weed, fungal disease spreading ................

 (iv) Communicable virus, bacteria, bite of poisonous animal ................

Poisonous gases, atomic test, unplanned action,

(v) ................
accident

Ans Name the type of disaster.

Disaster Ans.

Geophysical geological
(i) Tsunami, volcanic eruption, earthquake
disaster

Geophysical
(ii) Cyclone, snow storms, droughts, floods
atmospheric disaster

Forest fire, weed, fungal disease Biological Plant-based

(iii)
spreading disaster

Communicable virus, bacteria, bite of Biological Animalbased

(iv)
poisonous animal disaster

Poisonous gases, atomic test, unplanned Man-made unknown

(v)
action, accident disaster

45 Complete the table.

i. Disasters a. ...............

ii. ............... b. It is a practice to check the preparedness of facing the disaster as early as possible.

iii. Transitional
c. ...............
phase

d. It is an important link between emergency measures and national progress and is

iv. ...............
used for the welfare and rehabilitation of the nation.

Ans i. Disasters a. Sudden event that leads to huge loss of life and property.

ii. Mock drill b. It is a practice to check the preparedness of facing the disaster as early as possible.

iii. Transitional
c. Rehabilitation work is started.
phase

d. It is an important link between emergency measures and national progress and is

iv. Resurgence
used for the welfare and rehabilitation of the nation.

46 Distinguish between butterfly and bat with the help of four distinguishing properties

Ans text

47 SEXUAL
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
REPRODUCTION

Reproduction that occurs with the help of somatic cells is called as

i. ................
asexual reproduction

Male and female parent

ii. ................ are necessary for sexual
reproduction.

iii. This reproduction occurs with the help of mitosis only. ..............
 New individual formed by
iv. .............. this method is genetically
different from parents.

Asexual reproduction occurs in different individuals by various

v. methods like binary fission, multiple fission, budding, fragmentation, .............
regeneration, vegetative propagation, spore production, etc.

Ans ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

Reproduction that occurs with

Reproduction that occurs with the help of somatic cells is
i. the help of two germ cells is
called as asexual reproduction
called as sexual reproduction.

Male and female parent are

ii. Only one parent is necessary for asexual reproduction. necessary for sexual
reproduction.

This reproduction occurs with

the help of meiosis at the time
iii. This reproduction occurs with the help of mitosis only.
of gametogenesis and then by
mitosis.

New individual formed by this

New individual formed by this method is identical to its
iv. method is genetically different
parent.
from parents.

Asexual reproduction occurs in different individuals by various

Sexual reproduction occurs in
methods like binary fission, multiple fission, budding,
v. multicellular plants and
fragmentation, regeneration, vegetative propagation, spore
animals including humans
production, etc.

48

Ans

49 Type of
Effects
disaster

Injuries, emotional and mental stress, Outbreaks of epidemics,

 (a) ............... deaths of victims.

(ii) Environmental ................

Ans Type of
Effects
disaster

Medical Injuries, emotional and mental stress, Outbreaks of epidemics,

(a)
disaster deaths of victims.

Partial or complete collapsing of buildings, drying out of water

sources, contamination of water, Stinky pollution of
(ii) Environmental
environment due to decomposing corpses of humans and other
animals.

50 Type of reproduction Examples

i. Multiple fission ................

ii. ................ Yeast

iii. Fragmentation ................

iv Simple binary fission ................

v. ................ Paramoecium

vi. Longitudinal binary fission ................

Ans Type of reproduction Examples

i. Multiple fission Amoeba

ii. Budding in unicellular organism Yeast

iii. Fragmentation Spirogyra

iv Simple binary fission Amoeba

v. Transverse binary fission Paramoecium

vi. Longitudinal binary fission Euglena

51 Continuous consumption of alcoholic and tobacco-materials.

A O
Ans A D D I C T I O N
52

Ans Any 6
a. Crop Biotechnology (GM crops, hybrid seeds, biofertilizers)
b. Environmental Biotechnology (Pollution control, sewage treatment, etc.)
c. Animal husbandry
 d. Human health (vaccines, gene therapy, cloning, etc.
e. Forensic science (DNA fingerprinting, etc)
f. Enhanced food production (Green revolution, White revolution, Blue revolution, etc.)
g. Good biotechnology (Yoghurt, wine, bread, beer, cheese, etc.)
h. Industrial products / White biotechnology
53 Write the symptoms, effects, and remedy for the following disasters in tabular form. Motor accident,
landsliding, forest fire, theft, riot, war, epidemic, drought, locust attack, financial crisis, flood, famine.

Ans Disaster Symptoms Effects Remedy

Colliding of
vehicles, Provide immediate first aid,
Motor Damage to vehicles, injuries
pedestrian or take victims to the nearest
accident or death of passengers
animal hit by hospital.
a vehicle

Soil erosion, Damage to houses on hill-

Rescue operations, clean up
small and big slopes, accidents, blockage
the place, provide first aid to
Landslide stones and of roads due to falling rocks
victims, and provide food and
rocks start and injuries or death of
shelter to survivors
falling off people.

Fire in a Try to extinguish the fire,

Forest Destruction of forests/crops,
forest that plant new trees which can
fire including animal life
spreads fast grow very fast.

Cash or
articles Loss of life, property, money, Call the police, take proper
Theft
getting and material; fear in people. security measures.
robbed.

Fights, mob
Rescue operations; pacify
shouting People getting injured, fear
people and restore normalcy;
Riot slogans, in people, destruction of
provide food, clothing, and
stone pelting, property.
shelter to victims.
fire, etc.

Disagreement
between Fear in people, destruction Settle international issues,
War nations, of property, death of soldiers bring about peace, rescue
fights, firing, and civilians. the affected people.
etc.

Rapid spread Provide necessary treatment

of infectious immediately, find the cause
Spread of diseases, lot of
Epidemic diseases, of epidemic, provide
people affected.
health accination, maintain
problems. cleanliness, etc.

Dry land; no rain; death of

Land Provide financial assistance,
plants, animals, and
becoming dry, employment, food, and other
Drought humans; necessity for
no rain, no necessities to affected
people relocate to other
water. people; crop planning; etc.
places.

Leaves of
Locust plants eaten Destruction of plants, major Use pesticides or other
 attack by swarms of loss of agriculture, loss to means to drive away the
large insects. farmers. insects.

Dropping
Loss of money, stress (can
Financial down of Implement ways to recover
lead to cheating, robbery,
crisis finances the financial situation.
etc.)
suddenly.

Rescue the affected people,

Water Destruction of life, crops,
provide them food, other
Flood everywhere, property, spread of
necessities, and medical
flooded diseases.
treatment.

Rescue the affected people,

No water, no Dry land; no rain; death of
provide them food, other
Famine food, plants, animals, and
necessities, and medical
no crops. humans.
treatment.

54

Ans

55 Production of beverages.

Name of
Fruit Microbe used Role of microbe
beverage

Caffea Separating seeds

................ .................
arabica from fruit

Candida, Hansenula,
.................. ................ Cocoa
Pichia,Saccharomyces.

Saccharomyces
Grapes ................ .................
cerevisiae
 Apple ............... Fermentation of ...............
juice

Ans Name of
Fruit Microbe used Role of microbe
beverage

Caffea Separating seeds

Lactobacillus brevis Coffee
arabica from fruit

Theobroma Candida, Hansenula, Separating

Cocoa
cacao Pichia,Saccharomyces. seeds from fruit

Saccharomyces Fermentation of
Grapes Wine
cerevisiae juice

Saccharomyces Fermentation of
Apple Cider
cerevisiae juice

56 Complete the table with respect to measures taken for good social health?
Measures How it works??
Laughter Club People relieve their mental stress by laughing loudly
Good Communication
Sports
Music
Ans Measures How it works??

Laughter Club People relieve their mental stress by laughing loudly

Good
Expressing our feeling with near and dear ones help us to relieve the stress
communication

It causes physical exercise, improves discipline, interaction and tendency of unity,

Sports
loneliness is driven away and person becomes more social

Music has the power of changing the mindset. It keeps us happy and drives away the
Music
stress.

57

Ans i. System for steam generation from water

ii. Generator
iii. Fuel: Uranium Or Plutonium
iv. System for conversion of steam back into water
58
Ans

59 i. Continuous consumption of alcoholic and tobacco-materials

ii. This app may cause the cyber crimes.
iii. A remedy to resolve stress.
iv. Requirement for stress free life.
v. Various factors affect ............... health.
vi. Art of preparing food items.

Ans
60

Ans

61 Complete the following table related to Proteins Amino Acids

Name of Protein/ Amino acids Where it is found

i. ............................... Skin

ii. Ossein ...............

iii........................ Pancreas

iv. Actin and Myosin ...............

v. ........................... Blood

Ans Name of Protein/ Amino acids Where it is found

i. Melanin, Keratin Skin

ii. Ossein Bones

iii. Insulin, Trypsin Pancreas

iv. Actin and Myosin Muscles

v. Hemoglobin Blood

62 Sexual Reproduction in humans.

(Vagina, Epididymis, Vas deferens, Uterus, Oviducts, Penis, Seminal vesicles, Ovary, Prostrate glands,
testes)
 Female Reproductive Part Male Reproductive Part

Ans Female Reproductive Part Male Reproductive Part

Vagina Testes

Uterus Epididymis

Oviducts Seminal vesicles

Ovary Prostate gland

Penis

63 Complete the following chart

Ans material collection , photography. reading, cooking, sculpturing, drawing, dancing etc

64 Organic acids used in various commercial products and microbes useful for the same
Amino
Source Use
acid
Sugar and beet molasses, ammonia
................. Production of monosodium glutamate (Ajinomoto)
salt
Sugar molasses, salt Citric acid .................
Production of minerals used as supplement for calcium and
Glucose, corn steep liquor .................
iron
Molasses, corn steep liquor Lactic acid .................
Molasses, corn steep liquor ................. .................

Ans Source Amino acid Use

Sugar and beet molasses, ammonia L-glutamic
Production of monosodium glutamate (Ajinomoto)
salt acid
Sugar molasses, salt Citric acid Drinks, toffees, chocolate production
Production of minerals used as supplement for calcium
Glucose, corn steep liquor Gluconic acid
and iron
Molasses, corn steep liquor Lactic acid Source of nitrogen, production of vitamins.
Molasses, corn steep liquor Itaconic acid Paper, textile, plastic industry, gum production
Q.17 Complete the sentences in paragraph 99
1 (prevented, public participation, necessary, overcome, abilities, executing, process disaster
management, losses, reconstruction, sufferers)
A disaster may be minor or major, shorttime or long-time, it should be ............... and effective ............... is
necessary for it. There is a close relationship between disaster management and ............... Disaster
management is either prevention of disasters or making arrangements to face it or at least achieve
the ............... to face it. In case of disaster management, there should be an attempt to minimize
the ............... Disasters are never planned but losses due it can be ............... in a planned manner. Preparing
the action plan through study of various aspects like preventive measures, rehabilitation and ...............
and ............... that plan is nothing but the management of disaster.

Ans A disaster may be minor or major, short-time or long-time, it should be overcome and effective disaster
management is necessary for it. There is a close relationship between disaster management and public
participation. Disaster management is either prevention of disasters or making arrangements to face it or at
least achieve the abilities to face it. In case of disaster management, there should be an attempt to minimize
the losses. Disasters are never planned but losses due it can be prevented in a planned manner. Preparing
the action plan through study of various aspects like preventive measures, rehabilitation and reconstruction
and executing that plan is nothing but the management of disaster.

2 Select the appropriate options and rewrite the following paragraph.

(Luteinizing hormone, endometrium of uterus, follicle stimulating hormone, estrogen, progesterone,
corpus luteum)
The effect of ................ causes growth of follicles present in the ovary. This follicle secretes ................. .
Under the effect of this hormone, ............... grows / regenerates. Fully grown up follicle bursts due to the
effect of ..............., ovulation occurs and ............... is formed from remaining part of follicle. It secrets
estrogen and ................. . Under the effect of these hormones, glands of endometrium are activated and it
becomes ready for implantation.

Ans The effect of follicle stimulating hormone causes growth of follicles present in the ovary. This follicle
secretes estrogen. Under the effect of this hormone, endometrium of uterus grows / regenerates. Fully
grown up follicle bursts due to the effect of Luteinizing hormone, ovulation occurs and corpus luteum is
formed from remaining part of follicle. It secrets estrogen and progesterone. Under the effect of these
hormones, glands of endometrium are activated and it becomes ready for implantation.

3 Complete the paragraph:

(precautions, disasters, scientists, mankind, United Nations, Environment, predicted, man-made)
Variously dangerous events occur many times in the environment. Those are called as ................ Some of the
main natural disasters are floods, wet and dry famine, cyclones, earthquakes, volcanoes, etc. These are ‘all of
a sudden’ troubles to the ............... Such events cause sudden changes in the environment and thereby
cause the damage to it. ............... is also damaged due to use of natural resources for our development. This
leads to sudden disasters, unexpected to human. These can be called as ............... disasters. ............... has
defined the disaster as ‘the sudden event that leads to the huge loss of life and property. Words like ‘huge’
and ‘sudden’ are important in the definition. As the disaster occurs suddenly, it cannot be predicted. Hence,
............... are not possible.

Ans
 Variously dangerous events occur many times in the environment. Those are called as disasters. Some of
the main natural disasters are floods, wet and dry famine, cyclones, earthquakes, volcanoes, etc. These are
‘all of a sudden’ troubles to the mankind. Such events cause sudden changes in the environment and thereby
cause the damage to it. Environment is also damaged due to use of natural resources for our development.
This leads to sudden disasters, unexpected to human. These can be called as man-made disasters. United
Nations has defined the disaster as ‘the sudden event that leads to the huge loss of life and property. Words
like ‘huge’ and ‘sudden’ are important in the definition. As the disaster occurs suddenly, it cannot be predicted.
Hence, precautions are not possible.

4 Complete the paragraph:

(Luteinizing hormone, endometrium of uterus, follicle stimulating hormone, estrogen, progesterone,
corpus luteum, Ovarian follicle along with oocyte, ectometrium of uterus)
Growth of follicles present in the ovary occurs under the effect of ................ . This follicle secretes estrogen.
............... grows/regenerates under the effect of estrogen. Under the effect of ................, fully grown up
follicle bursts, ovulation occurs and ............... is formed from remaining part of follicle. It secrets ...............
and ................ . Under the effect of these hormones, glands of ............... are activated and it becomes ready
for implantation.

Ans Growth of follicles present in the ovary occurs under the effect of follicle stimulating hormone. This follicle
secretes estrogen. Ovarian follicle alongwith oocyte grows/regenerates under the effect of estrogen. Under
the effect of luteinizing hormone, fully grown up follicle bursts, ovulation occurs and corpus luteum is
formed from remaining part of follicle. It secrets estrogen and progesterone. Under the effect of these
hormones, glands of endometrium of ulterus are activated and it becomes ready for implantation.

5 Complete the paragraph:

(seed, fruit, pollination, dispersal, germination, plants, fertilization, flower, pollen grains, reproduction)
Ramu went to the field along with his father. He sowed mustard seeds in the soil. After a few days he
observed the process of ............... . The seeds grew into .................. and produced ............... . On maturity,
these flowers produced .................... that were transferred to the stigma by ............... . The male gametes
fused with the female gametes during the process of ................. .

Ans Ramu went to the field along with his father. He sowed mustard seeds in the soil. After a few days he
observed the process of germination. The seeds grew into plants and produced flowers. On maturity, these
flowers produced pollen grains that were transferred to the stigma by dispersal. The male gametes fused
with the female gametes during the process of fertilization.

6 Complete the statements by choosing the correct options from the brackets.
(gene, mutation, translocation, transcription, gradual development, appendix)
i. The causality behind the sudden changes was understood due to _____________ principle of Hugo de
Vries.
ii. The proof for the fact that protein synthesis occurs through _______ was given by George Beadle and
Edward Tatum.
iii. Transfer of information from molecule of DNA to RNA is called _______ process.
iv. Evolution means _______.
v. The vestigial organ, _______ present in human body is a proof of evolution.

Ans i. mutation, ii. gene, iii. transcription, iv. gradual development, v. appendix

7 Complete the given paragraph by filling the blank spaces from the options given in the bracket.
[oxygen, pyridines, mechanical, CO2, petroleum, fatal, polyester, Nocardia]
Spilling of ________ oil occurs in ocean due to various reasons. This oil may prove ________ and toxic to
aquatic organisms. It is not easy to remove the oil layer from surface of water by ________ method. However,
bacteria like Pseudomonas spp. and Alcanovorax borkumensis have to ability to destroy the ________ and
other chemicals. Hence, these bacteria are used to clear the oil spills. These are called as
hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (HCB). HCB decompose the hydrocarbons and bring about the reaction of
carbon with ________, ________ and water is formed in the process.
Ans Spilling of petroleum oil occurs in ocean due to various reasons. This oil may prove fatal and toxic to aquatic
organisms. It is not easy to remove the oil layer from surface of water by mechanical method. However,
bacteria like pseudomonas spp. and Alcanivorax borkumensis have the ability to destroy the pyridines and
other chemicals. Hence, these bacteria are used to clear the oil spills, These are called as
hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (HCB). HCB decompose the hydrocarbons and bring about the reaction of
carbon with oxygen, CO2 and water is formed in this process.

8 Complete the paragraph:

(environment related, decomposition, microbial techniques, organic matter, oxidized, aquatic life)
It has become possible to solve ............... various problems with the help of biotechnology. ............... are
already in use for treatment on sewage and solid waste. Sewage is rich in ................ If such sewage is
released in natural water bodies like rivers, the organic matter in it gets ............... with the help of dissolved
oxygen. Due to this, level of dissolved oxygen in water decreases, adversely affecting the ...............

Ans It has become possible to solve environment related various problems with the help of biotechnology.
Microbial techniques are already in use for treatment on sewage and solid waste. Sewage is rich in organic
matter. If such sewage is released in natural water bodies like rivers, the organic matter in it gets oxidized
with the help of dissolved oxygen. Due to this, level of dissolved oxygen in water decreases, adversely
affecting the aquatic life.

9 Complete the paragraph:

(eucoelomate, pseudocoelomates, embryonic, coelom, mesoderm or gut, acoelomate, Aschelminthes)

Cavity between the body and internal organs is called as body cavity/coelom. In case of multicellular
animals, during initial period of their ............... development, body cavity is formed from either ...............
Such type of body cavity is present in animals of phylum Annelida and all phyla coming after Annelida.
Such animals are called as ............... (animals with true body cavity). Body cavity is absent in case of
animals from phyla Porifera, Cnidaria and Platyhelminthes. Such animals are called as ................. In case
of animals from phylum ..............., they have body cavity but it is not formed by the above mentioned two
ways. Hence those animals are called as ............... .

Ans Cavity between the body and internal organs is called as body cavity/coelom. In case of multicellular animals,
during initial period of their embryonic development, body cavity is formed from either mesoderm or gut.
Such type of body cavity is present in animals of phylum Annelida and all phyla coming after Annelida. Such
animals are called as eucoelomate (animals with true body cavity). Body cavity is absent in case of animals
from phyla Porifera, Cnidaria and Platyhelminthes. Such animals are called as acoelomate. In case of
animals from phylum Aschelminthes, they have body cavity but it is not formed by the above mentioned two
ways. Hence those animals are called as pseudocoelomates.

10 Complete the paragraph:

(transitional, World War-II, Asian, American, Indian, natural disasters, reconstruction, Pacific)
This is highly complicated phase. This phase begins in ............... phase. People reconstruct their buildings
and facilities like roads and water supply are restored. Farming practices are restarted. However, it takes long
time for ................ Planet Earth has experienced many ............... disasters. Listening to the description of
those disasters brings numbness to the mind. Most of the disasters and related unprecedented situations
have been occurred in the ............... continent and region of ............... Ocean. Huge loss to the life and the
planet Earth has been occurred due to such disasters. Generally, such conditions of natural imbalance have
been arisen due to greed of economic progress of human being. In reality, old problems of several years have
become fierce. Ex. Increasing population, its increasing needs emerging problems out of it are now at the
extreme end. Such disasters have been increased after the ................ Condition of instability arises in the
country due to various reasons like economic inequality, racial and religious differences, etc.
Ans This is highly complicated phase. This phase begins in transitional phase. People reconstruct their buildings
and facilities like roads and water supply are restored. Farming practices are restarted. However, it takes long
time for reconstruction Planet Earth has experienced many natural disasters. Listening to the description of
those disasters brings numbness to the mind. Most of the disasters and related unprecedented situations
have been occurred in the Asian continent and region of Pacific Ocean. Huge loss to the life and the planet
Earth has been occurred due to such disasters. Generally, such conditions of natural imbalance have been
arisen due to greed of economic progress of human being. In reality, old problems of several years have
become fierce. Ex. Increasing population, its increasing needs emerging problems out of it are now at the
extreme end. Such disasters have been increased after the World War-II Condition of instability arises in the
country due to various reasons like economic inequality, racial and religious differences, etc.

11 What will you do? why?

a) Child in your neighbour is addicted to tobacco chewing.
b) Your friend has developed the hobby of snapping selfies.
c) Your sister has become [Link] prefers to remain alone.

Ans text

12 Complete the paragraph:

(voluntarily donating, traditional, preserving, active, Awareness, organ and body, specific
conditions, functional)
Human bodies are disposed off after death as per ............. customs. Due to progress in science, it has been
realized that many organs remain ............... for certain period even after death, if death occurs under
............... This advancement has lead to success of ............... donation after death. ............... about this
concept is increasing in our country and people are ............... their bodies.

Ans Human bodies are disposed off after death as per traditional customs. Due to progress in science, it has
been realized that many organs remain functional for certain period even after death, if death occurs under
specific conditions. This advancement has lead to success of organ and body donation after death.
Awareness about this concept is increasing in our country and people are voluntarily donating their bodies.

13 Complete the paragraph:

(thymine, protein synthesis, Central Dogma, RNA, nucleotides, proteins, transcription, uracil )
With the help of RNA, the genes present in the form of DNA participate in the functioning of cell and thereby
control the structure and functioning of the body. Information about ............... is stored in the DNA and
synthesis of appropriate proteins as per requirement is necessary for body. These proteins are synthesized by
DNA through the RNA This is called as ‘...............’. mRNA is produced as per the sequence of ............... on
DNA. Only one of the two strands of DNA is used in this process. The sequence of nucleotides in mRNA
being produced is always complementary to the DNA strand used for synthesis. Besides, there is ............... in
RNA instead of ............... of DNA. This process of RNA synthesis is called as ‘...............’.

Ans With the help of RNA, the genes present in the form of DNA participate in the functioning of cell and thereby
control the structure and functioning of the body. Information about protein synthesis is stored in the
DNA and synthesis of appropriate proteins as per requirement is necessary for body. These proteins are
synthesized by DNA through the RNA This is called as ‘Central Dogma’. mRNA is produced as per the
sequence of nucleotides on DNA. Only one of the two strands of DNA is used in this process. The sequence
of nucleotides in mRNA being produced is always complementary to the DNA strand used for synthesis.
Besides, there is uracil in RNA instead of thymine of DNA. This process of RNA synthesis is called as
‘transcription’.

14
 Complete the paragraph
Cultural, agriculture, fire, brain, Cro-Magnon, Homo sapiens, Neanderthal)
Evolution of upright man continued in the direction of developing its ................ for the period of about 1 lakh
years and meanwhile he discovered the ................ . Brain of man 50 thousand years ago had been
sufficiently evolved to the extent that it could be considered as member of the species ................ .
................ man can be considered as the first example of wise-man. The ................ man evolved about 50
thousand years ago and afterwards, this evolution had been faster than the earlier. About 10 thousand years
ago, wise-man started to practice the ................ . It started to rear the cattle-herds and established the
cities. ................ development took place later.

Ans Evolution of upright man continued in the direction of developing its brain for the period of about 1 lakh years
and meanwhile he discovered the fire. Brain of man 50 thousand years ago had been sufficiently evolved to
the extent that it could be considered as member of the species Homo sapiens. Neanderthal man can be
considered as the first example of wise-man. The Cro-Magnon man evolved about 50 thousand years ago
and afterwards, this evolution had been faster than the earlier. About 10 thousand years ago, wise-man
started to practice the agriculture. It started to rear the cattle-herds and established the cities. Cultural
development took place later.

15 In emergency condition, various transportation methods like cradle method, carrying on back, carrying on two
hands are to be followed. Those methods depend upon the condition of ................ We face different types of
major or minor disasters in our daily life. Varieties of disasters like accidents, stampede, injuries in fighting,
electric shock, burns, heat shock, snake bite, dog bite, fire due to electric short circuit, epidemic of any
disease, etc. happen around us. Victims of disaster need to be offered some ............... help before actual
medical treatment. ............... is useful in such circumstances.
It is essential to have material necessary for first aid with us. That material is available in the first aid kit. You
can also prepare a first aid kit. It is also important to use whatever the material available in the given condition
for first aid.
i. Fill in the blanks in the paragraph. (1 mark)
[Link] any four important materials from a first aid kit. (2 marks)
Ans i. primary, first aid, victim.
Bandage strips of different size, Wound gauze, Triangular and circular bandage, Medicated cotton, Hand
[Link], Clean and dry cloth pieces, Soap, Antiseptic (Dettol/ Savlon), Safety pins, Blade, Small pins,
Needle, Band aid, Torch, etc.
16 Complete the paragraph.
(Conserving, pledge, biodiversity, judicious, wildlife, mankind, diversity, destruction)
I am aware that the ............... on the Earth is for the existence of me, my family and the entire mankind. I am
aware about the responsibility of ............... and protecting the rich diversity. I am aware about the fast
declining number of ..............., plants and animals. I am accepting the responsibility of ............... use of
natural resources and management of ............... . I ............... for adopting the following principles for happy
and satisfactory life of all organisms on the Earth.

Ans I am aware that the diversity on the Earth is for the existence of me, my family and the entire mankind. I am
aware about the responsibility of conserving and protecting the rich diversity. I am aware about the fast
declining number of wildlife, plants and animals. I am accepting the responsibility of judicious use of natural
resources and management of biodiversity. I pledge for adopting the following principles for happy and
satisfactory life of all organisms on the Earth.

17
 Complete the paragraph.
(Degenerated, red bone marrow, adispose connective tissue, blastocyst, umbilical cord,
Differentiation in bones)

............... of stem cells form can form various tissues in the body. Stem cells are present in the ............... by
which the foetus is joined to the uterus of the mother. Stem cells are also present in the ............... stage of
embryonic development. Stem cells are present ............... and ............... of adult human beings. It has
become possible to produce different types of tissues and the ............... part of any organ with the help of
these stem cells.

Ans Differentiation of stem cells form can form various tissues in the body. Stem cells are present in
the umbilical cord by which the foetus is joined to the uterus of the mother. Stem cells are also present in
the blastocyst stage of embryonic development. Stem cells are present in red bone
marrow and adispose connective tissue of adult human beings. It has become possible to produce
different types of tissues and the degenerated part of any organ with the help of these stem cells.

18 Complete the paragraph.

(genetically, recombination, gamete, crossing over, haploid, diploid, Meiosis-II, meiosis-I, zygote)
............... is just like mitosis. In this stage, the two haploid daughter cells formed in ............... undergo division
by separation of recombined sister chromatids and four ............... daughter cells are formed. Process
of ............... production and spore formation occurs by meiosis. In this type of cell division, four haploid (n)
daughter cells are formed from one ............... cell. During this cell division, ............... occurs between the
homologous chromosomes and thereby genetic ............... occurs. Due to this, all the four daughter cells
are ............... different from parent cell and from each other too.

Ans Meiosis-II is just like mitosis. In this stage, the two haploid daughter cells formed in meiosis-I undergo
division by separation of recombined sister chromatids and four haploid daughter cells are formed. Process
of gamete production and spore formation occurs by meiosis. In this type of cell division, four haploid (n)
daughter cells are formed from one diploid cell. During this cell division, crossing over occurs between the
homologous chromosomes and thereby genetic recombination occurs. Due to this, all the four daughter
cells are genetically different from parent cell and from each other too.

19 Complete the paragraph

(Capability, Rehabilitation, Commodities, Human, objectives, normalcy, amusements)

The ............... of disaster management comprise of the following aspects. ............... life is saved from the
disasters. People are helped to move away from the place of disasters. They are given essential ...............
by the government so that the gravity of disaster is reduced. The disaster conditions are brought back to
............... . ............... of the affected and displaced victims is done. Moreover, protective measures for future
are also planned to develop ............... among the people to face any possible disasters in future.

Ans The objectives of disaster management comprise of the following aspects. Human life is saved from the
disasters. People are helped to move away from the place of disasters. They are given essential
commodities by the government so that the gravity of disaster is reduced. The disaster conditions are
brought back to normalcy. Rehabilitation of the affected and displaced victims is done. Moreover,
protective measures for future are also planned to develop capability among the people to face any possible
disasters in future.

20 Complete the sentences.

(Lungs, heart, carcinogenic, nervous, intoxicating, hazardous, addictions, peer-group, useful)
The children fall into the trap of …………… either due to …………… pressure or due to false symbol of high
standard living. Sometimes they try to imitate their elders. The addictive substances are ……………, and they
cause long term effects. Some are temporarily …………… substances obtained from the plants. While some
of the chemical ingredients in them can permanently damage the human nervous system, muscular system,
heart, etc. Some tobacco like substances are …………… in action especially on the mouth and …………… .
Ans The children fall into the trap of addictions either due to peer-group pressure or due to false symbol of high
standard living. Sometimes they try to imitate their elders. The addictive substances are hazardous, and they
cause long term effects. Some are temporarily intoxicating substances obtained from the plants. While some
of the chemical ingredients in them can permanently damage the human nervous system, muscular system,
heart, etc. Some tobacco like substances are carcinogenic in action especially on the mouth and lungs.

21 Complete the paragraph:

(multicellular, tissues, actions, Protoplasmic grade, muscles, function, unicellular, Cellular grade
organization)

Body of animals is made up of cells. In case of ............... animals, many cells are performing different
............... in their body while in ............... animals, as their body is made up of single cell; all functions are
performed by same cell only. Body organization of unicellular animals is referred as ‘...............’
organization. In case of multicellular animals, if ............... are not formed, their body organization is called
as ‘...............’. Ex. Phylum-Porifera.

Ans Body of animals is made up of cells. In case of multicellular animals, many cells are performing different
functions in their body while in unicellular animals, as their body is made up of single cell; all functions are
performed by same cell only. Body organization of unicellular animals is referred as ‘Protoplasmic grade’
organization. In case of multicellular animals, if tissues are not formed, their body organization is called as
‘Cellular grade organization’. Ex. Phylum-Porifera.

22 Select the appropriate options and rewrite the following paragraph.

(Proteins, testosterone, 9 Kcal, epithelial, phospholipids, lipids, growth harmone, progesterone, 4
Keal, adipose connective)
Digestion of ............... results in formation of fatty acids and glycerol. Different cells use fatty acid to produce
various substance necessary to themselves. For e.g. the molecules called ............... are required for
production of plasma membrane. Fatty acids are required for production of hormones like ............... .
estrogen, ............... , aldosterone, etc, and the covering around the axons of nerve cells. We get ............... of
energy per gram fo lipids. Excess lipids are stored in ............... tissue in the body.

Ans Digestion of lipids results in formation of fatty acids and glycerol. Different cells use fatty acid to produce
various substance necessary to themselves. For e.g. the molecules called phospholipids are required for
production of plasma membrane. Fatty acids are required for production of hormones like progesterone .
estrogen, testosterone , aldosterone, etc, and the covering around the axons of nerve cells. We get 9 Kcal
of energy per gram fo lipids. Excess lipids are stored in adipose connective tissue in the body.

23 (Delhi, 12, 2005, army, National Disaster, rescue work, State Reserve Police, 2015)
National disaster Response Force has been established as per the Disaster Management Act,
............... Divisions of this force are working in the army. Overall, ...............divisions are working in the
country. Its headquarter is in ............... and it is in action all over the country with the help of ................ In
Maharashtra, ............... Response Force is in action through State Reserve Police Force. Personnel of this
force have substantial contribution in ............... in disasters like cyclones, cliff-sliding, building collapse, etc.

Ans National disaster Response Force has been established as per the Disaster Management Act, 2005. Divisions
of this force are working in the army. Overall, 12 divisions are working in the country. Its headquarter is
in Delhi and it is in action all over the country with the help of army. In Maharashtra, National Disaster
Response Force is in action through State Reserve Police Force. Personnel of this force have substantial
contribution in rescue work, in disasters like cyclones, cliff-sliding, building collapse, etc.
24 Complete the paragraph:
(AC, 0.5 V, semiconductor, DC, 2 cm2, solar photovoltaic effect, 1 cm2, electrical energy, 0.2 V)
Solar photovoltaic cell converts the solar radiation energy directly into ............... This is called ............... The
electrical energy generated through this energy transformation process is ............... in nature. These solar
cells are made of a special type of material called ............... A silicon solar cell of dimension ...............
generates current of about 30 mA and potential difference of about ............... .

Ans Solar photovoltaic cell converts the solar radiation energy directly into electrical energy. This is called solar
photovoltaic effect. The electrical energy generated through this energy transformation process is DC in
nature. These solar cells are made of a special type of material called semiconductor. A silicon solar cell of
dimension 1 cm2 generates current of about 30 mA and potential difference of about 0.5 V.

25 Complete the paragraph:

(paleobiology, erstwhile, C-12, radioactive, Carbon consumption, anthropology, non-radioactive, C-14,
paleontology)
............... of animals and plants stops after death and since then, only the decaying process of ...............
occurs continuously. In case of dead bodies of plants and animals, instead of remaining constant, the ratio
between C-14 and C-12 changes continuously as C-12 is ............... The time passed since the death of a
plant or animal can be calculated by measuring the radioactivity of C-14 and ratio of C-14 to C-12 present in
their body. This is ‘carbon dating’ method. It is used in ............... and ............... for determining the age of
human fossils and manuscripts. Once the age of fossil been determined by such technique, it becomes easy
to deduce the information about other ............... organisms. It seems that vertebrates have been slowly
originated from invertebrates.

Ans Carbon consumption of animals and plants stops after death and since then, only the decaying process of
C-14 occurs continuously. In case of dead bodies of plants and animals, instead of remaining constant, the
ratio between C-14 and C-12 changes continuously as C-12 is non-radioactive. The time passed since the
death of a plant or animal can be calculated by measuring the radioactivity of C-14 and ratio of C-14 to C-12
present in their body. This is ‘carbon dating’ method. It is used in paleontology and anthropology for
determining the age of human fossils and manuscripts. Once the age of fossil been determined by such
technique, it becomes easy to deduce the information about other erstwhile organisms. It seems that
vertebrates have been slowly originated from invertebrates.

26 Complete the paragraph:

(Fluoroacetamide, nitrogen, Azotobacter, nutrients, chemical fertilizers,
fermentation, nitrogenase, microbes)
Some microbes-containing inoculants are produced by process of ............... . These inoculants are sprayed
on seeds before sowing and some of the inoculants are released into plants. Microbes in the inoculants help
in plant growth by supplying ................ They improve the quality of vegetarian food. Solution containing
................. and artificial ............... is used in organic farming. Soil pollution occurring due to chemical fertilizers
is prevented due to use of these solutions. ............... -like chemicals are mixed with soil due to use of
chemical pesticides in agriculture. These prove to be harmful to other plants and animals as well as cause
skin diseases to human. These pesticides in the soil can be destroyed with the help of ............... .

Ans Some microbes-containing inoculants are produced by process of fermentation . These inoculants are
sprayed on seeds before sowing and some of the inoculants are released into plants. Microbes in the
inoculants help in plant growth by supplying nutrients . They improve the quality of vegetarian food. Solution
containing Azotobacter and artificial nitrogenase is used in organic farming. Soil pollution occurring due to
chemical fertilizers is prevented due to use of these solutions. Fluoroacetamide-like chemicals are mixed
with soil due to use of chemical pesticides in agriculture. These prove to be harmful to other plants and
animals as well as cause skin diseases to human. These pesticides in the soil can be destroyed with the help
of microbes.

27
 Complete the paragraph.
(Linnaeus, Dobzhansky, Carl Woese, Theophrastus, Artificial method, Aristotle, Natural system,
Traditional system)

Time to time, different scientists have tried to classify the animals. Greek philosopher ............... was the first
to perform the animal classification. Aristotle classified the animals, according to the criteria like body size,
habits and habitats. Classification proposed by Aristotle is known as '...............'. Besides Aristotle, artificial
method of classification was followed by ..............., Pliny, John Ray and ................ Later on, '............... of
classification' was followed. Natural system of classification was based on various other criteria. By the time,
system of classification based on evolution was also brought into practice. It was used by ............... and
Meyer. Recently, ............... has also proposed the animal classification.

Ans Time to time, different scientists have tried to classify the animals. Greek philosopher Aristotle was the first
to perform the animal classification. Aristotle classified the animals, according to the criteria like body size,
habits and habitats. Classification proposed by Aristotle is known as 'Artificial method'. Besides Aristotle,
artificial method of classification was followed by Theophrastus, Pliny, John Ray and Linnaeus. Later on,
'Natural system of classification' was followed. Natural system of classification was based on various other
criteria. By the time, system of classification based on evolution was also brought into practice. It was used
by Dobzansky and Meyer. Recently, Carl Woese has also proposed the animal classification.

28 Complete the paragraph:

(long time, mental stress, Rehabilitation, physical health, simple,less
efforts, transitional phase, complicated , victims)
Transitional Phase :
............... work is started in this phase, after the subsidence of any type of disaster. It includes clearing of
debris, restoring water supply, repairing roads, etc. so that it will help to bring normalcy in public life.
Rehabilitation of the ............... is important aspect of this phase. Generally, different institutes offer the
monetary and other type of help to such people. It helps to soothe the ............... at the earliest if these victims
are offered with the permanent mean of earning livelihood and this is true rehabilitation.
Reconstruction Phase :
This is highly ............... phase. This phase begins in ............... . People reconstruct their buildings and
facilities like roads and water supply are restored. Farming practices are restarted. However, it takes
............... for reconstruction.

Ans Transitional Phase :

Rehabilitation work is started in this phase, after the subsidence of any type of disaster. It includes clearing
of debris, restoring water supply, repairing roads, etc. so that it will help to bring normalcy in public life.
Rehabilitation of the victims is important aspect of this phase. Generally, different institutes offer the
monetary and other type of help to such people. It helps to soothe the mental stress at the earliest if these
victims are offered with the permanent mean of earning livelihood and this is true rehabilitation.
Reconstruction Phase :
This is highly complicated phase. This phase begins in transitional phase. People reconstruct their
buildings and facilities like roads and water supply are restored. Farming practices are restarted. However, it
takes long time for reconstruction.

29 Select the appropriate options and complete the following paragraph.

(Aspergillus, CO2, SO2, Glucanobacter, potassium ferrocyanide, microbial enzymes, Acetobacter, Soy sauce,
Acetic acid, Vinegar, Lactic acid)
Mixture of bacterial strains like ............... and ............... is mixed with ethanol for its microbial degradation. As
a result, ............... alongwith the other by products are obtained through it, which is separated by rarefaction.
It is then bleached by using ............... and further pasteurized. At the end every small quantity of ...............
gas is mixed to produce ............... (CH3COOH).

Ans
 Mixture of bacterial strains like Acetobacter and Glucanobacter is mixed with ethanol for its microbial
degradation. As a result, acetic acid alongwith the other by products are obtained through it, which is
separated by rarefaction. It is then bleached by using Potassium Ferrocyanide and further pasteurized. At
the end every small quantity of SO2 gas is mixed to produce Vinegar (CH3COOH).

30 Complete the paragraph.

(ATP, mitochondria, external, internal, inhalation, alveolar, breathing, respiration exhalation, Nitrogen)
Release of energy from the assimilated food is called ............... . Inhalation and exhalation is
called ............... . When ............... is done, air enters the lungs. The oxygen from this air enters the blood
while carbon dioxide from the blood exits from the blood. Through exhalation, CO2 is given out. This
gaseous exchange occurs through ............... membrane. This is called ............... respiration. The RBC's
carry oxygen to every cell. Here inside the ............... tissue respiration or ............... respiration takes place.
The oxygen is used for production of energy. By oxidation of food nutrients, energy is released in the form of
................ .

Ans Release of energy from the assimilated food is called respiration. Inhalation and exhalation is
called breathing. When inhalation is done, air enters the lungs. The oxygen from this air enters the blood
while carbon dioxide from the blood exits from the blood. Through exhalation, CO2 is given out. This
gaseous exchange occurs through alveolar membrane. This is called external respiration. The RBC's carry
oxygen to every cell. Here inside the mitochondria tissue respiration or internal respiration takes place.
The oxygen is used for production of energy. By oxidation of food nutrients, energy is released in the form of
ATP.

31 Complete the paragraph:

(bacteria, biotechnology, virus, organic, immunity, edible, transgenic, E. coli)

Work on production of ............... vaccines is in progress and presently, potatoes are being produced with the
help of ............... . These potatoes are called as ............... potatoes. These potatoes will act against ...............
like Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli. Consumption of these raw potatoes generates the ............... against
cholera and the disease caused due to ............... .

Ans Work on production of edible vaccines is in progress and presently, potatoes are being produced with the
help of biotechnology. These potatoes are called as transgenic potatoes. These potatoes will act against
bacteria like Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli. Consumption of these raw potatoes generates the immunity
against cholera and the disease caused due to E. coli.

32 Complete the paragraph:

(red bone marrow, degenerated, umbilical cord, adipose, division, blastocyst)
Different tissues of the body are formed by ............... of stem cells. Stem cells are present in the ............... by
which the fetus is joined to the uterus of the mother. Stem cells are also present in the ............... stage of
embryonic development. Stem cells are present in ............... and ............... connective tissue of adult human
beings. It has become possible to produce different types of tissues and the ............... part of any organ with
the help of these stem cells.

Ans Different tissues of the body are formed by division of stem cells. Stem cells are present in the umbilical
cord by which the foetus is joined to the uterus of the mother. Stem cells are also present in the blastocyst
stage of embryonic development. Stem cells are present in red bone marrow and adipose connective tissue
of adult human beings. It has become possible to produce different types of tissues and the degenerated part
of any organ with the help of these stem cells.

33
 Complete the paragraph by selecting the appropriate option in parentheses.
(energy, microbial, erosion-proof, reused, purification, environmentally Friendly)
Nowadays, instead of chemical catalysts, ................ enzymes are used in the chemical industry. These
enzymes are active at low temperature, pH and pressure; due to which ................ is saved and ................
instruments are also not necessary. Enzymes carry out specific processes; hence unnecessary byproducts
are not formed due to which expenses on ................ are minimised. In case of microbial enzymatic reactions,
elimination and decomposition of waste material is avoided and enzymes can be ................ Hence, such
enzymes are .................

Ans Nowadays, instead of chemical catalysts, microbial enzymes are used in chemical industry. These enzymes
are active at low temperature, pH and pressure; due to which energy is saved and erosion-proof
instruments are also not necessary. Enzymes carry out specific processes; hence unnecessary byproducts
are not formed due to which expenses on purification are minimised. In case of microbial enzymatic
reactions, elimination and decomposition of waste material is avoided and enzymes can be reused. Hence,
such enzymes are eco-friendly.

34 (prevented, public participation, necessary, overcome, abilities, executing, process disaster

management, losses, reconstruction, sufferers)
A disaster may be minor or major, shorttime or long-time, it should be ............... and effective ............... is
necessary for it. There is a close relationship between disaster management and ............... Disaster
management is either prevention of disasters or making arrangements to face it or at least achieve
the ............... to face it. In case of disaster management, there should be an attempt to minimize
the ............... Disasters are never planned but losses due it can be ............... in a planned manner. Preparing
the action plan through study of various aspects like preventive measures, rehabilitation and ...............
and ............... that plan is nothing but the management of disaster.

Ans A disaster may be minor or major, short-time or long-time, it should be overcome and effective disaster
management is necessary for it. There is a close relationship between disaster management and public
participation. Disaster management is either prevention of disasters or making arrangements to face it or at
least achieve the abilities to face it. In case of disaster management, there should be an attempt to minimize
the losses. Disasters are never planned but losses due it can be prevented in a planned manner. Preparing
the action plan through study of various aspects like preventive measures, rehabilitation and reconstruction
and executing that plan is nothing but the management of disaster.

35 Select the appropriate options and rewrite the following paragraph.

(Luteinizing hormone, endometrium of uterus, follicle stimulating hormone, estrogen, progesterone,
corpus luteum)
The effect of ................ causes growth of follicles present in the ovary. This follicle secretes ................. .
Under the effect of this hormone, ............... grows / regenerates. Fully grown up follicle bursts due to the
effect of ..............., ovulation occurs and ............... is formed from remaining part of follicle. It secrets
estrogen and ................. . Under the effect of these hormones, glands of endometrium are activated and it
becomes ready for implantation.

Ans The effect of follicle stimulating hormone causes growth of follicles present in the ovary. This follicle
secretes estrogen. Under the effect of this hormone, endometrium of uterus grows / regenerates. Fully
grown up follicle bursts due to the effect of Luteinizing hormone, ovulation occurs and corpus luteum is
formed from remaining part of follicle. It secrets estrogen and progesterone. Under the effect of these
hormones, glands of endometrium are activated and it becomes ready for implantation.

36 Complete the paragraph:

(precautions, disasters, scientists, mankind, United Nations, Environment, predicted, man-made)
 Variously dangerous events occur many times in the environment. Those are called as ................ Some of the
main natural disasters are floods, wet and dry famine, cyclones, earthquakes, volcanoes, etc. These are ‘all of
a sudden’ troubles to the ............... Such events cause sudden changes in the environment and thereby
cause the damage to it. ............... is also damaged due to use of natural resources for our development. This
leads to sudden disasters, unexpected to human. These can be called as ............... disasters. ............... has
defined the disaster as ‘the sudden event that leads to the huge loss of life and property. Words like ‘huge’
and ‘sudden’ are important in the definition. As the disaster occurs suddenly, it cannot be predicted. Hence,
............... are not possible.

Ans Variously dangerous events occur many times in the environment. Those are called as disasters. Some of
the main natural disasters are floods, wet and dry famine, cyclones, earthquakes, volcanoes, etc. These are
‘all of a sudden’ troubles to the mankind. Such events cause sudden changes in the environment and thereby
cause the damage to it. Environment is also damaged due to use of natural resources for our development.
This leads to sudden disasters, unexpected to human. These can be called as man-made disasters. United
Nations has defined the disaster as ‘the sudden event that leads to the huge loss of life and property. Words
like ‘huge’ and ‘sudden’ are important in the definition. As the disaster occurs suddenly, it cannot be predicted.
Hence, precautions are not possible.

37 Complete the paragraph:

(Luteinizing hormone, endometrium of uterus, follicle stimulating hormone, estrogen, progesterone,
corpus luteum, Ovarian follicle along with oocyte, ectometrium of uterus)
Growth of follicles present in the ovary occurs under the effect of ................ . This follicle secretes estrogen.
............... grows/regenerates under the effect of estrogen. Under the effect of ................, fully grown up
follicle bursts, ovulation occurs and ............... is formed from remaining part of follicle. It secrets ...............
and ................ . Under the effect of these hormones, glands of ............... are activated and it becomes ready
for implantation.

Ans Growth of follicles present in the ovary occurs under the effect of follicle stimulating hormone. This follicle
secretes estrogen. Ovarian follicle alongwith oocyte grows/regenerates under the effect of estrogen. Under
the effect of luteinizing hormone, fully grown up follicle bursts, ovulation occurs and corpus luteum is
formed from remaining part of follicle. It secrets estrogen and progesterone. Under the effect of these
hormones, glands of endometrium of ulterus are activated and it becomes ready for implantation.

38 Complete the paragraph:

(seed, fruit, pollination, dispersal, germination, plants, fertilization, flower, pollen grains, reproduction)
Ramu went to the field along with his father. He sowed mustard seeds in the soil. After a few days he
observed the process of ............... . The seeds grew into .................. and produced ............... . On maturity,
these flowers produced .................... that were transferred to the stigma by ............... . The male gametes
fused with the female gametes during the process of ................. .

Ans Ramu went to the field along with his father. He sowed mustard seeds in the soil. After a few days he
observed the process of germination. The seeds grew into plants and produced flowers. On maturity, these
flowers produced pollen grains that were transferred to the stigma by dispersal. The male gametes fused
with the female gametes during the process of fertilization.

39
 Complete the statements by choosing the correct options from the brackets.
(gene, mutation, translocation, transcription, gradual development, appendix)
i. The causality behind the sudden changes was understood due to _____________ principle of Hugo de
Vries.
ii. The proof for the fact that protein synthesis occurs through _______ was given by George Beadle and
Edward Tatum.
iii. Transfer of information from molecule of DNA to RNA is called _______ process.
iv. Evolution means _______.
v. The vestigial organ, _______ present in human body is a proof of evolution.

Ans i. mutation, ii. gene, iii. transcription, iv. gradual development, v. appendix

40 Complete the given paragraph by filling the blank spaces from the options given in the bracket.
[oxygen, pyridines, mechanical, CO2, petroleum, fatal, polyester, Nocardia]
Spilling of ________ oil occurs in ocean due to various reasons. This oil may prove ________ and toxic to
aquatic organisms. It is not easy to remove the oil layer from surface of water by ________ method. However,
bacteria like Pseudomonas spp. and Alcanovorax borkumensis have to ability to destroy the ________ and
other chemicals. Hence, these bacteria are used to clear the oil spills. These are called as
hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (HCB). HCB decompose the hydrocarbons and bring about the reaction of
carbon with ________, ________ and water is formed in the process.

Ans Spilling of petroleum oil occurs in ocean due to various reasons. This oil may prove fatal and toxic to aquatic
organisms. It is not easy to remove the oil layer from surface of water by mechanical method. However,
bacteria like pseudomonas spp. and Alcanivorax borkumensis have the ability to destroy the pyridines and
other chemicals. Hence, these bacteria are used to clear the oil spills, These are called as
hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (HCB). HCB decompose the hydrocarbons and bring about the reaction of
carbon with oxygen, CO2 and water is formed in this process.

41 Complete the paragraph:

(environment related, decomposition, microbial techniques, organic matter, oxidized, aquatic life)
It has become possible to solve ............... various problems with the help of biotechnology. ............... are
already in use for treatment on sewage and solid waste. Sewage is rich in ................ If such sewage is
released in natural water bodies like rivers, the organic matter in it gets ............... with the help of dissolved
oxygen. Due to this, level of dissolved oxygen in water decreases, adversely affecting the ...............

Ans It has become possible to solve environment related various problems with the help of biotechnology.
Microbial techniques are already in use for treatment on sewage and solid waste. Sewage is rich in organic
matter. If such sewage is released in natural water bodies like rivers, the organic matter in it gets oxidized
with the help of dissolved oxygen. Due to this, level of dissolved oxygen in water decreases, adversely
affecting the aquatic life.

42 Complete the paragraph:

(eucoelomate, pseudocoelomates, embryonic, coelom, mesoderm or gut, acoelomate, Aschelminthes)

Cavity between the body and internal organs is called as body cavity/coelom. In case of multicellular
animals, during initial period of their ............... development, body cavity is formed from either ...............
Such type of body cavity is present in animals of phylum Annelida and all phyla coming after Annelida.
Such animals are called as ............... (animals with true body cavity). Body cavity is absent in case of
animals from phyla Porifera, Cnidaria and Platyhelminthes. Such animals are called as ................. In case
of animals from phylum ..............., they have body cavity but it is not formed by the above mentioned two
ways. Hence those animals are called as ............... .
Ans Cavity between the body and internal organs is called as body cavity/coelom. In case of multicellular animals,
during initial period of their embryonic development, body cavity is formed from either mesoderm or gut.
Such type of body cavity is present in animals of phylum Annelida and all phyla coming after Annelida. Such
animals are called as eucoelomate (animals with true body cavity). Body cavity is absent in case of animals
from phyla Porifera, Cnidaria and Platyhelminthes. Such animals are called as acoelomate. In case of
animals from phylum Aschelminthes, they have body cavity but it is not formed by the above mentioned two
ways. Hence those animals are called as pseudocoelomates.

43 Complete the paragraph:

(transitional, World War-II, Asian, American, Indian, natural disasters, reconstruction, Pacific)
This is highly complicated phase. This phase begins in ............... phase. People reconstruct their buildings
and facilities like roads and water supply are restored. Farming practices are restarted. However, it takes long
time for ................ Planet Earth has experienced many ............... disasters. Listening to the description of
those disasters brings numbness to the mind. Most of the disasters and related unprecedented situations
have been occurred in the ............... continent and region of ............... Ocean. Huge loss to the life and the
planet Earth has been occurred due to such disasters. Generally, such conditions of natural imbalance have
been arisen due to greed of economic progress of human being. In reality, old problems of several years have
become fierce. Ex. Increasing population, its increasing needs emerging problems out of it are now at the
extreme end. Such disasters have been increased after the ................ Condition of instability arises in the
country due to various reasons like economic inequality, racial and religious differences, etc.

Ans This is highly complicated phase. This phase begins in transitional phase. People reconstruct their buildings
and facilities like roads and water supply are restored. Farming practices are restarted. However, it takes long
time for reconstruction Planet Earth has experienced many natural disasters. Listening to the description of
those disasters brings numbness to the mind. Most of the disasters and related unprecedented situations
have been occurred in the Asian continent and region of Pacific Ocean. Huge loss to the life and the planet
Earth has been occurred due to such disasters. Generally, such conditions of natural imbalance have been
arisen due to greed of economic progress of human being. In reality, old problems of several years have
become fierce. Ex. Increasing population, its increasing needs emerging problems out of it are now at the
extreme end. Such disasters have been increased after the World War-II Condition of instability arises in the
country due to various reasons like economic inequality, racial and religious differences, etc.

44 What will you do? why?

a) Child in your neighbour is addicted to tobacco chewing.
b) Your friend has developed the hobby of snapping selfies.
c) Your sister has become [Link] prefers to remain alone.

Ans text

45 Complete the paragraph:

(voluntarily donating, traditional, preserving, active, Awareness, organ and body, specific
conditions, functional)
Human bodies are disposed off after death as per ............. customs. Due to progress in science, it has been
realized that many organs remain ............... for certain period even after death, if death occurs under
............... This advancement has lead to success of ............... donation after death. ............... about this
concept is increasing in our country and people are ............... their bodies.

Ans Human bodies are disposed off after death as per traditional customs. Due to progress in science, it has
been realized that many organs remain functional for certain period even after death, if death occurs under
specific conditions. This advancement has lead to success of organ and body donation after death.
Awareness about this concept is increasing in our country and people are voluntarily donating their bodies.

46 Complete the paragraph:

(thymine, protein synthesis, Central Dogma, RNA, nucleotides, proteins, transcription, uracil )
 With the help of RNA, the genes present in the form of DNA participate in the functioning of cell and thereby
control the structure and functioning of the body. Information about ............... is stored in the DNA and
synthesis of appropriate proteins as per requirement is necessary for body. These proteins are synthesized by
DNA through the RNA This is called as ‘...............’. mRNA is produced as per the sequence of ............... on
DNA. Only one of the two strands of DNA is used in this process. The sequence of nucleotides in mRNA
being produced is always complementary to the DNA strand used for synthesis. Besides, there is ............... in
RNA instead of ............... of DNA. This process of RNA synthesis is called as ‘...............’.

Ans With the help of RNA, the genes present in the form of DNA participate in the functioning of cell and thereby
control the structure and functioning of the body. Information about protein synthesis is stored in the
DNA and synthesis of appropriate proteins as per requirement is necessary for body. These proteins are
synthesized by DNA through the RNA This is called as ‘Central Dogma’. mRNA is produced as per the
sequence of nucleotides on DNA. Only one of the two strands of DNA is used in this process. The sequence
of nucleotides in mRNA being produced is always complementary to the DNA strand used for synthesis.
Besides, there is uracil in RNA instead of thymine of DNA. This process of RNA synthesis is called as
‘transcription’.

47 Complete the paragraph

Cultural, agriculture, fire, brain, Cro-Magnon, Homo sapiens, Neanderthal)
Evolution of upright man continued in the direction of developing its ................ for the period of about 1 lakh
years and meanwhile he discovered the ................ . Brain of man 50 thousand years ago had been
sufficiently evolved to the extent that it could be considered as member of the species ................ .
................ man can be considered as the first example of wise-man. The ................ man evolved about 50
thousand years ago and afterwards, this evolution had been faster than the earlier. About 10 thousand years
ago, wise-man started to practice the ................ . It started to rear the cattle-herds and established the
cities. ................ development took place later.

Ans Evolution of upright man continued in the direction of developing its brain for the period of about 1 lakh years
and meanwhile he discovered the fire. Brain of man 50 thousand years ago had been sufficiently evolved to
the extent that it could be considered as member of the species Homo sapiens. Neanderthal man can be
considered as the first example of wise-man. The Cro-Magnon man evolved about 50 thousand years ago
and afterwards, this evolution had been faster than the earlier. About 10 thousand years ago, wise-man
started to practice the agriculture. It started to rear the cattle-herds and established the cities. Cultural
development took place later.

48 In emergency condition, various transportation methods like cradle method, carrying on back, carrying on two
hands are to be followed. Those methods depend upon the condition of ................ We face different types of
major or minor disasters in our daily life. Varieties of disasters like accidents, stampede, injuries in fighting,
electric shock, burns, heat shock, snake bite, dog bite, fire due to electric short circuit, epidemic of any
disease, etc. happen around us. Victims of disaster need to be offered some ............... help before actual
medical treatment. ............... is useful in such circumstances.
It is essential to have material necessary for first aid with us. That material is available in the first aid kit. You
can also prepare a first aid kit. It is also important to use whatever the material available in the given condition
for first aid.
i. Fill in the blanks in the paragraph. (1 mark)
[Link] any four important materials from a first aid kit. (2 marks)
Ans i. primary, first aid, victim.
Bandage strips of different size, Wound gauze, Triangular and circular bandage, Medicated cotton, Hand
[Link], Clean and dry cloth pieces, Soap, Antiseptic (Dettol/ Savlon), Safety pins, Blade, Small pins,
Needle, Band aid, Torch, etc.
49
 Complete the paragraph.
(Conserving, pledge, biodiversity, judicious, wildlife, mankind, diversity, destruction)
I am aware that the ............... on the Earth is for the existence of me, my family and the entire mankind. I am
aware about the responsibility of ............... and protecting the rich diversity. I am aware about the fast
declining number of ..............., plants and animals. I am accepting the responsibility of ............... use of
natural resources and management of ............... . I ............... for adopting the following principles for happy
and satisfactory life of all organisms on the Earth.

Ans I am aware that the diversity on the Earth is for the existence of me, my family and the entire mankind. I am
aware about the responsibility of conserving and protecting the rich diversity. I am aware about the fast
declining number of wildlife, plants and animals. I am accepting the responsibility of judicious use of natural
resources and management of biodiversity. I pledge for adopting the following principles for happy and
satisfactory life of all organisms on the Earth.

50 Complete the paragraph.

(Degenerated, red bone marrow, adispose connective tissue, blastocyst, umbilical cord,
Differentiation in bones)

............... of stem cells form can form various tissues in the body. Stem cells are present in the ............... by
which the foetus is joined to the uterus of the mother. Stem cells are also present in the ............... stage of
embryonic development. Stem cells are present ............... and ............... of adult human beings. It has
become possible to produce different types of tissues and the ............... part of any organ with the help of
these stem cells.

Ans Differentiation of stem cells form can form various tissues in the body. Stem cells are present in
the umbilical cord by which the foetus is joined to the uterus of the mother. Stem cells are also present in
the blastocyst stage of embryonic development. Stem cells are present in red bone
marrow and adispose connective tissue of adult human beings. It has become possible to produce
different types of tissues and the degenerated part of any organ with the help of these stem cells.

51 Complete the paragraph.

(genetically, recombination, gamete, crossing over, haploid, diploid, Meiosis-II, meiosis-I, zygote)
............... is just like mitosis. In this stage, the two haploid daughter cells formed in ............... undergo division
by separation of recombined sister chromatids and four ............... daughter cells are formed. Process
of ............... production and spore formation occurs by meiosis. In this type of cell division, four haploid (n)
daughter cells are formed from one ............... cell. During this cell division, ............... occurs between the
homologous chromosomes and thereby genetic ............... occurs. Due to this, all the four daughter cells
are ............... different from parent cell and from each other too.

Ans Meiosis-II is just like mitosis. In this stage, the two haploid daughter cells formed in meiosis-I undergo
division by separation of recombined sister chromatids and four haploid daughter cells are formed. Process
of gamete production and spore formation occurs by meiosis. In this type of cell division, four haploid (n)
daughter cells are formed from one diploid cell. During this cell division, crossing over occurs between the
homologous chromosomes and thereby genetic recombination occurs. Due to this, all the four daughter
cells are genetically different from parent cell and from each other too.

52
 Complete the paragraph
(Capability, Rehabilitation, Commodities, Human, objectives, normalcy, amusements)

The ............... of disaster management comprise of the following aspects. ............... life is saved from the
disasters. People are helped to move away from the place of disasters. They are given essential ...............
by the government so that the gravity of disaster is reduced. The disaster conditions are brought back to
............... . ............... of the affected and displaced victims is done. Moreover, protective measures for future
are also planned to develop ............... among the people to face any possible disasters in future.

Ans The objectives of disaster management comprise of the following aspects. Human life is saved from the
disasters. People are helped to move away from the place of disasters. They are given essential
commodities by the government so that the gravity of disaster is reduced. The disaster conditions are
brought back to normalcy. Rehabilitation of the affected and displaced victims is done. Moreover,
protective measures for future are also planned to develop capability among the people to face any possible
disasters in future.

53 Complete the sentences.

(Lungs, heart, carcinogenic, nervous, intoxicating, hazardous, addictions, peer-group, useful)
The children fall into the trap of …………… either due to …………… pressure or due to false symbol of high
standard living. Sometimes they try to imitate their elders. The addictive substances are ……………, and they
cause long term effects. Some are temporarily …………… substances obtained from the plants. While some
of the chemical ingredients in them can permanently damage the human nervous system, muscular system,
heart, etc. Some tobacco like substances are …………… in action especially on the mouth and …………… .

Ans The children fall into the trap of addictions either due to peer-group pressure or due to false symbol of high
standard living. Sometimes they try to imitate their elders. The addictive substances are hazardous, and they
cause long term effects. Some are temporarily intoxicating substances obtained from the plants. While some
of the chemical ingredients in them can permanently damage the human nervous system, muscular system,
heart, etc. Some tobacco like substances are carcinogenic in action especially on the mouth and lungs.

54 Complete the paragraph:

(multicellular, tissues, actions, Protoplasmic grade, muscles, function, unicellular, Cellular grade
organization)

Body of animals is made up of cells. In case of ............... animals, many cells are performing different
............... in their body while in ............... animals, as their body is made up of single cell; all functions are
performed by same cell only. Body organization of unicellular animals is referred as ‘...............’
organization. In case of multicellular animals, if ............... are not formed, their body organization is called
as ‘...............’. Ex. Phylum-Porifera.

Ans Body of animals is made up of cells. In case of multicellular animals, many cells are performing different
functions in their body while in unicellular animals, as their body is made up of single cell; all functions are
performed by same cell only. Body organization of unicellular animals is referred as ‘Protoplasmic grade’
organization. In case of multicellular animals, if tissues are not formed, their body organization is called as
‘Cellular grade organization’. Ex. Phylum-Porifera.

55 Select the appropriate options and rewrite the following paragraph.

(Proteins, testosterone, 9 Kcal, epithelial, phospholipids, lipids, growth harmone, progesterone, 4
Keal, adipose connective)
Digestion of ............... results in formation of fatty acids and glycerol. Different cells use fatty acid to produce
various substance necessary to themselves. For e.g. the molecules called ............... are required for
production of plasma membrane. Fatty acids are required for production of hormones like ............... .
estrogen, ............... , aldosterone, etc, and the covering around the axons of nerve cells. We get ............... of
energy per gram fo lipids. Excess lipids are stored in ............... tissue in the body.

Ans
 Digestion of lipids results in formation of fatty acids and glycerol. Different cells use fatty acid to produce
various substance necessary to themselves. For e.g. the molecules called phospholipids are required for
production of plasma membrane. Fatty acids are required for production of hormones like progesterone .
estrogen, testosterone , aldosterone, etc, and the covering around the axons of nerve cells. We get 9 Kcal
of energy per gram fo lipids. Excess lipids are stored in adipose connective tissue in the body.

56 (Delhi, 12, 2005, army, National Disaster, rescue work, State Reserve Police, 2015)
National disaster Response Force has been established as per the Disaster Management Act,
............... Divisions of this force are working in the army. Overall, ...............divisions are working in the
country. Its headquarter is in ............... and it is in action all over the country with the help of ................ In
Maharashtra, ............... Response Force is in action through State Reserve Police Force. Personnel of this
force have substantial contribution in ............... in disasters like cyclones, cliff-sliding, building collapse, etc.

Ans National disaster Response Force has been established as per the Disaster Management Act, 2005. Divisions
of this force are working in the army. Overall, 12 divisions are working in the country. Its headquarter is
in Delhi and it is in action all over the country with the help of army. In Maharashtra, National Disaster
Response Force is in action through State Reserve Police Force. Personnel of this force have substantial
contribution in rescue work, in disasters like cyclones, cliff-sliding, building collapse, etc.

57 Complete the paragraph:

(AC, 0.5 V, semiconductor, DC, 2 cm2, solar photovoltaic effect, 1 cm2, electrical energy, 0.2 V)
Solar photovoltaic cell converts the solar radiation energy directly into ............... This is called ............... The
electrical energy generated through this energy transformation process is ............... in nature. These solar
cells are made of a special type of material called ............... A silicon solar cell of dimension ...............
generates current of about 30 mA and potential difference of about ............... .

Ans Solar photovoltaic cell converts the solar radiation energy directly into electrical energy. This is called solar
photovoltaic effect. The electrical energy generated through this energy transformation process is DC in
nature. These solar cells are made of a special type of material called semiconductor. A silicon solar cell of
dimension 1 cm2 generates current of about 30 mA and potential difference of about 0.5 V.

58 Complete the paragraph:

(paleobiology, erstwhile, C-12, radioactive, Carbon consumption, anthropology, non-radioactive, C-14,
paleontology)
............... of animals and plants stops after death and since then, only the decaying process of ...............
occurs continuously. In case of dead bodies of plants and animals, instead of remaining constant, the ratio
between C-14 and C-12 changes continuously as C-12 is ............... The time passed since the death of a
plant or animal can be calculated by measuring the radioactivity of C-14 and ratio of C-14 to C-12 present in
their body. This is ‘carbon dating’ method. It is used in ............... and ............... for determining the age of
human fossils and manuscripts. Once the age of fossil been determined by such technique, it becomes easy
to deduce the information about other ............... organisms. It seems that vertebrates have been slowly
originated from invertebrates.

Ans Carbon consumption of animals and plants stops after death and since then, only the decaying process of
C-14 occurs continuously. In case of dead bodies of plants and animals, instead of remaining constant, the
ratio between C-14 and C-12 changes continuously as C-12 is non-radioactive. The time passed since the
death of a plant or animal can be calculated by measuring the radioactivity of C-14 and ratio of C-14 to C-12
present in their body. This is ‘carbon dating’ method. It is used in paleontology and anthropology for
determining the age of human fossils and manuscripts. Once the age of fossil been determined by such
technique, it becomes easy to deduce the information about other erstwhile organisms. It seems that
vertebrates have been slowly originated from invertebrates.

59
 Complete the paragraph:
(Fluoroacetamide, nitrogen, Azotobacter, nutrients, chemical fertilizers,
fermentation, nitrogenase, microbes)
Some microbes-containing inoculants are produced by process of ............... . These inoculants are sprayed
on seeds before sowing and some of the inoculants are released into plants. Microbes in the inoculants help
in plant growth by supplying ................ They improve the quality of vegetarian food. Solution containing
................. and artificial ............... is used in organic farming. Soil pollution occurring due to chemical fertilizers
is prevented due to use of these solutions. ............... -like chemicals are mixed with soil due to use of
chemical pesticides in agriculture. These prove to be harmful to other plants and animals as well as cause
skin diseases to human. These pesticides in the soil can be destroyed with the help of ............... .

Ans Some microbes-containing inoculants are produced by process of fermentation . These inoculants are
sprayed on seeds before sowing and some of the inoculants are released into plants. Microbes in the
inoculants help in plant growth by supplying nutrients . They improve the quality of vegetarian food. Solution
containing Azotobacter and artificial nitrogenase is used in organic farming. Soil pollution occurring due to
chemical fertilizers is prevented due to use of these solutions. Fluoroacetamide-like chemicals are mixed
with soil due to use of chemical pesticides in agriculture. These prove to be harmful to other plants and
animals as well as cause skin diseases to human. These pesticides in the soil can be destroyed with the help
of microbes.

60 Complete the paragraph.

(Linnaeus, Dobzhansky, Carl Woese, Theophrastus, Artificial method, Aristotle, Natural system,
Traditional system)

Time to time, different scientists have tried to classify the animals. Greek philosopher ............... was the first
to perform the animal classification. Aristotle classified the animals, according to the criteria like body size,
habits and habitats. Classification proposed by Aristotle is known as '...............'. Besides Aristotle, artificial
method of classification was followed by ..............., Pliny, John Ray and ................ Later on, '............... of
classification' was followed. Natural system of classification was based on various other criteria. By the time,
system of classification based on evolution was also brought into practice. It was used by ............... and
Meyer. Recently, ............... has also proposed the animal classification.

Ans Time to time, different scientists have tried to classify the animals. Greek philosopher Aristotle was the first
to perform the animal classification. Aristotle classified the animals, according to the criteria like body size,
habits and habitats. Classification proposed by Aristotle is known as 'Artificial method'. Besides Aristotle,
artificial method of classification was followed by Theophrastus, Pliny, John Ray and Linnaeus. Later on,
'Natural system of classification' was followed. Natural system of classification was based on various other
criteria. By the time, system of classification based on evolution was also brought into practice. It was used
by Dobzansky and Meyer. Recently, Carl Woese has also proposed the animal classification.

61 Complete the paragraph:

(long time, mental stress, Rehabilitation, physical health, simple,less
efforts, transitional phase, complicated , victims)
Transitional Phase :
............... work is started in this phase, after the subsidence of any type of disaster. It includes clearing of
debris, restoring water supply, repairing roads, etc. so that it will help to bring normalcy in public life.
Rehabilitation of the ............... is important aspect of this phase. Generally, different institutes offer the
monetary and other type of help to such people. It helps to soothe the ............... at the earliest if these victims
are offered with the permanent mean of earning livelihood and this is true rehabilitation.
Reconstruction Phase :
This is highly ............... phase. This phase begins in ............... . People reconstruct their buildings and
facilities like roads and water supply are restored. Farming practices are restarted. However, it takes
............... for reconstruction.
Ans Transitional Phase :
Rehabilitation work is started in this phase, after the subsidence of any type of disaster. It includes clearing
of debris, restoring water supply, repairing roads, etc. so that it will help to bring normalcy in public life.
Rehabilitation of the victims is important aspect of this phase. Generally, different institutes offer the
monetary and other type of help to such people. It helps to soothe the mental stress at the earliest if these
victims are offered with the permanent mean of earning livelihood and this is true rehabilitation.
Reconstruction Phase :
This is highly complicated phase. This phase begins in transitional phase. People reconstruct their
buildings and facilities like roads and water supply are restored. Farming practices are restarted. However, it
takes long time for reconstruction.

62 Select the appropriate options and complete the following paragraph.

(Aspergillus, CO2, SO2, Glucanobacter, potassium ferrocyanide, microbial enzymes, Acetobacter, Soy sauce,
Acetic acid, Vinegar, Lactic acid)
Mixture of bacterial strains like ............... and ............... is mixed with ethanol for its microbial degradation. As
a result, ............... alongwith the other by products are obtained through it, which is separated by rarefaction.
It is then bleached by using ............... and further pasteurized. At the end every small quantity of ...............
gas is mixed to produce ............... (CH3COOH).

Ans Mixture of bacterial strains like Acetobacter and Glucanobacter is mixed with ethanol for its microbial
degradation. As a result, acetic acid alongwith the other by products are obtained through it, which is
separated by rarefaction. It is then bleached by using Potassium Ferrocyanide and further pasteurized. At
the end every small quantity of SO2 gas is mixed to produce Vinegar (CH3COOH).

63 Complete the paragraph.

(ATP, mitochondria, external, internal, inhalation, alveolar, breathing, respiration exhalation, Nitrogen)
Release of energy from the assimilated food is called ............... . Inhalation and exhalation is
called ............... . When ............... is done, air enters the lungs. The oxygen from this air enters the blood
while carbon dioxide from the blood exits from the blood. Through exhalation, CO2 is given out. This
gaseous exchange occurs through ............... membrane. This is called ............... respiration. The RBC's
carry oxygen to every cell. Here inside the ............... tissue respiration or ............... respiration takes place.
The oxygen is used for production of energy. By oxidation of food nutrients, energy is released in the form of
................ .

Ans Release of energy from the assimilated food is called respiration. Inhalation and exhalation is
called breathing. When inhalation is done, air enters the lungs. The oxygen from this air enters the blood
while carbon dioxide from the blood exits from the blood. Through exhalation, CO2 is given out. This
gaseous exchange occurs through alveolar membrane. This is called external respiration. The RBC's carry
oxygen to every cell. Here inside the mitochondria tissue respiration or internal respiration takes place.
The oxygen is used for production of energy. By oxidation of food nutrients, energy is released in the form of
ATP.

64 Complete the paragraph:

(bacteria, biotechnology, virus, organic, immunity, edible, transgenic, E. coli)

Work on production of ............... vaccines is in progress and presently, potatoes are being produced with the
help of ............... . These potatoes are called as ............... potatoes. These potatoes will act against ...............
like Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli. Consumption of these raw potatoes generates the ............... against
cholera and the disease caused due to ............... .

Ans
 Work on production of edible vaccines is in progress and presently, potatoes are being produced with the
help of biotechnology. These potatoes are called as transgenic potatoes. These potatoes will act against
bacteria like Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli. Consumption of these raw potatoes generates the immunity
against cholera and the disease caused due to E. coli.

65 Complete the paragraph:

(red bone marrow, degenerated, umbilical cord, adipose, division, blastocyst)
Different tissues of the body are formed by ............... of stem cells. Stem cells are present in the ............... by
which the fetus is joined to the uterus of the mother. Stem cells are also present in the ............... stage of
embryonic development. Stem cells are present in ............... and ............... connective tissue of adult human
beings. It has become possible to produce different types of tissues and the ............... part of any organ with
the help of these stem cells.

Ans Different tissues of the body are formed by division of stem cells. Stem cells are present in the umbilical
cord by which the foetus is joined to the uterus of the mother. Stem cells are also present in the blastocyst
stage of embryonic development. Stem cells are present in red bone marrow and adipose connective tissue
of adult human beings. It has become possible to produce different types of tissues and the degenerated part
of any organ with the help of these stem cells.

66 Complete the paragraph by selecting the appropriate option in parentheses.

(energy, microbial, erosion-proof, reused, purification, environmentally Friendly)
Nowadays, instead of chemical catalysts, ................ enzymes are used in the chemical industry. These
enzymes are active at low temperature, pH and pressure; due to which ................ is saved and ................
instruments are also not necessary. Enzymes carry out specific processes; hence unnecessary byproducts
are not formed due to which expenses on ................ are minimised. In case of microbial enzymatic reactions,
elimination and decomposition of waste material is avoided and enzymes can be ................ Hence, such
enzymes are .................

Ans Nowadays, instead of chemical catalysts, microbial enzymes are used in chemical industry. These enzymes
are active at low temperature, pH and pressure; due to which energy is saved and erosion-proof
instruments are also not necessary. Enzymes carry out specific processes; hence unnecessary byproducts
are not formed due to which expenses on purification are minimised. In case of microbial enzymatic
reactions, elimination and decomposition of waste material is avoided and enzymes can be reused. Hence,
such enzymes are eco-friendly.

Q.18 Write answers based on given diagram/ figure 165

1 Write a note on the given diagram.

(a) (b) (c)

Ans (a) i. This sign indicates ‘ Ban Plastic’.
ii. We must avoid using plastic bags and minimize the use of other material made from plastics.
[Link] must carry eco-friendly bags while going for shopping.
(b) i. Save water– It is very important to use water judiciously due to ever-increasing water scarcity.
(c) Green energy – Eco-friendly and inexhaustible source of energy.
2
 i. What does the following figure show ?
ii. Is, the use of biofuel conventional ?
[Link] is the carbon dioxide in the air utilized ?

Ans i. Biofuel production

ii. No, the use of biofuel is not conventional.
[Link] carbon dioxide in the air utilized by the plants during photosynthesis.
3 Observe the images ‘A’ & ‘B’ and answer the following questions.

i. Which disasters are shown in the images?

ii. Which primary precautions will you take in case of disaster shown in ‘A’?
[Link] type of first-aid is offered to the injured peoples in disaster ‘B’?
Ans i. Earthquake is shown in the image ‘A’ whereas fire is shown in ‘B’.
ii. Precautions to be taken during earthquake- Do not helter-skelter, be calm, hide below the table / cot,
switch-off the power supply, use torch if necessary instead of lamps burning fossil fuels. Stay in the vehicle
if in journey; do not stop near building / trees / electric poles.
[Link] fire is caught by clothing of victim, douse it with water, wash the burn-wounds with clean water, offer water
to drink, clean the wounds with antiseptic solution, cover it with clean, dry bandage, contact the doctor.
4
 i. Which energy is generated from the power plant ?
ii. State its source.
iii. Which is more ecofriendly – Power generation from coal or Power generation from natural gas ? Why ?
Ans i. Electrical energy.
ii. In this plant, turbine is run by a gas at a very high temperature and pressure generated by combustion of
natural gas.
iii. Power generation from natural gas is more eco-friendly since combustion of natural gas leads to less air
pollution compared to the gases released during the burning of coal.
5 Some symbols are given below. Explain those symbols. Which disasters may occur if those symbols are
ignored?

Ans i. This symbol signifies corrosive chemicals.

ii. When materials with this symbol come in contact with the human body, they can attack and
chemically destroy exposed body tissues.
[Link] can cause skin burns and eye damage.
[Link] can damage metals.
6

i. What is the period of menstrual?

ii. On which day does ovulation occur during the menstrual cycle?
iii. In the menstrual cycle which reproductive organs undergo changes?
iv. Which period is said to be the period of regeneration of endometrium?
v. Which period is said to be the period of secretions of glands in endometrium?
Ans i. The period of menstruation is from the 1st to 4th day of the menstrual cycle.
ii. The ovulation occurs during the 14th and 15 day of menstrual cycle.
iii. In the menstrual cycle, Ovary and Uterus lining undergo changes.
iv. The 5th to 13th day of the menstrual cycle is the period of regeneration of the endometrium.
v. 16th to 28 the day are said to be the period of secretions of glands in endometrium.
7
 Complete the following concept-diagram and answer the following questions based on it.

a. Tobacco products can be included in which of these factors?

b. How are tobacco products harming the social health?

Ans

a. Tobacco products are included in ‘Addiction’.

b. Tobacco products cause serious disease like cancer. Chewing or consuming tobacco-containing products
can have carcinogenic effect on mouth and lungs. Occurrence of such diseases on a large scale is harmful to
social health.

8 Following are pictures of some disasters. How will be your pre-disaster and postdisaster management in case
you face any of these disasters?

Ans This picture depicts the disaster of leakage of cooking gas from a gas cylinder.
Pre-disaster management:
i. After using the gas stove, I will turn off the gas knob.
ii. I will check to ensure that there is no inflammable substance near the gas cylinder.
iii. Once a year, I will get the tubing checked by the gas supplier.
I will ask them to replace the tube if it is damaged.
iv. I will keep the gas cylinder upright.
v. I will train my family about what to do in case of a gas leakage.
Post-disaster management:
i. I will cover my mouth with a handkerchief so that I don’t inhale the gas.
ii. I will close the gas valve and open the windows and doors.
iii. I will move out of the place if the leakage is severe.
iv. I will warn neighbours not to switch on / switch off lights or do anything that will create a spark.
v. I will call the helpline from a landline number.
9 Some symbols are given below. Explain those symbols. Which disasters may occur if those symbols are
ignored?
Ans i. This symbol signifies hazardous or dangerous materials, locations, or objects, including electric currents,
poisons, and radioactive materials.
ii. Ignoring it may lead to death. Example: If one ignores this symbol and touches a high-voltage wire, he/she
will get electrocuted and die.
[Link], if one drinks a substance having this symbol, he/she may die as it may be poisonous or
radioactive.

10 Some symbols are given below. Explain those symbols. Which disasters may occur if those symbols are
ignored?

Ans i. The symbol signifies that the substance is hazardous to environment.

ii. Such a substance may harm or kill native species, including aquatic species, trees, and plants.
[Link] a substance with this sign is thrown into a lake, it can harm or kill fish, aquatic plants, and other aquatic
animals in the lake.
11 Complete the following concept-diagram using factors harming the social health and based on it, answer the
following questions.

i. Tobacco products can be included in which of those factors?

[Link] tobacco products are harming social health?
Ans

i. Tobacco products are included in ‘ADDICTION’.

[Link] products cause the serious diseases like ‘cancer’. Occurrence of such diseases on large scale is
nothing but a harm to the social health.
12
 Based on the diagram above, answer the following questions :
i. Why are reflectors used in the power plant?
ii. How does the rotation of turbine create electrical energy?
[Link] power plant is shown in the figure?
Ans Reflectors are used to reflect and concentrate solar radiation on absorbers by which solar energy is
i.
converted into heat energy.
The turbine rotates because of the energy obtained from the [Link] turbine is connected to electric
ii.
generator and thus the magnet in electric generator starts rotating and electric energy is produced.
iii. The figure shows schematic representation of Solar Thermal power plant.
13 i. Name the following method of solid waste management.
ii. What type of waste is used in this method?
[Link] kind of useful substances can be obtained from such methods?

Ans i. Modern landfill site.

ii. The waste is used in this method is degradable waste being accumulated in urban areas.
[Link] useful substances can be obtained from such methods are compost and methane gas.
14 Some symbols are given below. Explain those symbols. Which disasters may occur if those symbols are
ignored?

Ans i. This symbol signifies a cancer-causing agent (carcinogen) or substance with respiratory, reproductive, or
organ toxicity that causes damage over time (a chronic or long-term health hazard).
ii. If one ignores this symbol and swallows such a substance, his/her internal organs may suffer damage.
[Link] may cause allergy or asthmatic symptoms.

15 Some symbols are given below. Explain those symbols. Which disasters may occur if those symbols are
ignored?
Ans i. This symbol signifies oxidizing substances.
ii. Some substances do not burn themselves, but they provide oxygen for flammable substances to burn. Such
substances are labelled with the ‘oxidizing’ symbol. They should be kept away from flammable substances
and ignition sources.
[Link] this symbol is ignored and a substance with this symbol is kept near fire, it will enhance the fire and cause
serious accident. It will be very difficult to control such fire.
16

a. Which mental disorder is shown in the picture?

b. Which social message would you like to give through it?

Ans a. The picture depicts ‘insensitivity’ type of mental disorder. Nowadays, people are becoming insensitive
towards others. The picture is of a road accident. A person is badly injured and is bleeding. But instead of
helping the victim, people around are busy clicking photographs and videos on cell phones.
b. The following social message can be given through this picture.
1. Instead of making video-clips of the accident, people should provide immediate medical help to the victim
or take him to a nearby hospital so that his life is saved.
2. People should make constructive use of their cell phones; inform the police immediately and call for an
ambulance.

17 Identify the stages of mitosis given below and label the figure from the alternatives provided.
(Spindle fibers, Centrioles, Daughter nuclei, Chromosomes, Centromere)

Ans i. Stages :
a. Anaphase b. Metaphase c. Telophase
[Link] :
a. Centriole b. Spindle fibers c. Chromosomes d. Centromere e. Daughter nuclei

18
 Following are pictures of some disasters. How will be your pre-disaster and postdisaster management in case
you face any of these disasters?

Ans This picture depicts the disaster of flooding due to heavy rains.
Pre-disaster management:
i. I will contact the town planning department to find out if my home is located in a flood-prone area.
ii. I will examine the residential area and find the route to escape in case of flooding emergency.
iii. I will collect emergency contact numbers and ask all family members to save them so that they are
readily available when need arises.
iv. I will buy non-perishable food items and store potable water which will be sufficient at least for 2-3 days.
v. I will keep first aid kit ready at home.
vi. I will also ask my neighbours to take these precautionary measures.
Post-disaster management:
i. I will provide food, water, and medical help to victims.
ii. I will ask people to drink only boiled water to avoid waterborne diseases.
19 Write the answers to the questions by observing the picture.

(a) What is the concept shown in the picture?

(b) Write any one benefits.
(c) What do you do when you feel stressed?

Ans (a) Laughter club is shown in the picture.,

(b) Laughing loudly relieves mental stress.
(c) I talk with my friends and share my problems with them. I even talk with my parents regarding the
problems. Sometimes, I listen to music. It relaxes my mind.

20 What are the advantages and limitations of solar energy?

Ans ....

21 Some symbols are given below. Explain those symbols. Which disasters may occur if those symbols are
ignored?
Ans i. This symbol signifies chemicals that ignite very easily.
ii. One should wear eye protection when handling these chemicals. These chemicals should be kept away
from flames and sparks, and also from oxidizing substances.
[Link] this symbol is ignored, and such a substance is handled carelessly, it may cause fire.
22 Identify labels 'a' and 'b' in the given diagram and explain the technique.

Ans i. 'a' - Ovum

'b' - Sperm being introduced through micropipette
ii. The given diagram represents in vitro fertilization (IVF) technique. IVF is a technique in which fertilization is
brought about in the test tube. Sperm is injected into the ovum using a micropipette. The embryo formed
after fertilization is implanted in the uterus of a woman at the appropriate time.
[Link] couples, who have problems like less sperm count, obstacles in oviduct, etc., can use IVF
technique for having a child.
23 Following are pictures of some disasters. How will be your pre-disaster and postdisaster management in case
you face any of these disasters?

Ans Pre-disaster management:

i. I will identify if my area is located in cycloneprone area.
ii. I will ask my family members and neighbours to stay indoors, in case there is a possibility of a
cyclone.
iii. I will keep the necessary stock of food, medicines, and other essentials.
iv. I will keep myself updated about news related to cyclone.
v. I will keep emergency kit nearby.
Post-disaster management:
i. I will provide necessary help such as food, water, and medical help to the affected people.
ii. I will switch off all electric appliances.
24

i. What is ATP composed of ?

ii. Explain why 'ATP is called as energy currency of the cell".
Ans i. ATP is composed of a nitrogenous compound (adenine), pentose sugar (ribose) and three phosphate
groups.
ii. ATP is called on energy currency of the cell because;
a. ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) is an energy-rich molecule.
b. Energy is stored in the bonds that join phosphate groups in ATP.
c. ATP is stored in a cell as per the energy requirements of the cell.
d. As per the energy need, phosphate bonds of ATP are broken and energy is derived.
25 What do these symbols indicate? Explain our opinion about those symbols.

(a) (b) (c)

Ans (a) Recycling
i. Save water.I will increase the public awareness about plastic recycling.
(b) Save water.
ii. I will discuss with friends about various strategies on judicious use of water and implementations
accordingly.
(c)[Link] sign indicates ‘No honking’.
ii. We must avoid honking as it creates sound pollution and definitely not honk where these signs are placed
along roadside.
26 Write a note on the given diagram.

(a) (b) (c)

Ans (a) i. This sign indicates ‘ Waste Management’.
ii. We must always throw the waste in the dustbins and also segregate waste.
(b) i. This sign indicates ‘Save Water’.
ii. We must try our best to save water and conserve it.
(c) i. This sign indicates ‘Save Fuel’.
ii. We must use public transport instead of private vehicles.
iii. We should walk short distances or use bicycles.
iv. We can also do carpooling to reduce carbon footprints.
27

i. Does this method of reproduction favour genetic variation ? Why ?

ii. Name the method of reproduction depicted here ?
[Link] the Organism in which you find this method of reproduction ?
Ans i. No. In asexual reproduction as one parent is involved, it lacks genetic variations and the offspring product
are similar to their parent.
ii. The method of reproduction is asexual mode of reproduction depicting binary fission.
[Link], Euglena, Paramecium
28

A. Which process is shown in the above figure?

B. Describe in brief the steps- I, II, III & IV.
Ans [Link] of edible vaccines is shown in the figure.
[Link]:
i. Isolation of desired gene from human pathogen and transfer of it to plant virus.
ii. Infection of the pieces of leaves of potato by the transgenic virus.
Development of new potato plant from the infected leaves of potato which will contain the gene from
iii.
human pathogen.
[Link] of such raw potato gives immunity against the pathogen.
29

a. Write the name of the cells or organs denoted by X and Y.

b. Which property of stem cell is shown in figure?
c. Which therapy is shown in the picture?
d. What will be the possible benefits of this therapy in organ transplantation?
OR
What is the benefit of tissue/organ culture from stem cells?

Ans i. Name of organ X is neuron and Y is intestine.

ii. Pluripotency of stem cells is shown in the figure.
iii. The picture shows ‘regenerative therapy’ using stem cells.
iv. It is possible to develop organs like liver and kidney from stem cells. These organs can be used to replace
the failed ones.

30

i. What is menstrual cycle?

 ii. Name the harmones that control menstrual cycle.
iii. Which period is said to be the period of regeneration of endometrium?
Ans Female reproductive system undergoes some changes at puberty and those changes repeat at the interval
i.
of every 28 – 30 days. These repetitive changes are called as menstrual cycle.
ii. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estrogen and progesterone.
iii. In menstrual cycle, days 5 – 14 are period of regeneration of endometrium.
31

1. What will be the effect on electricity generation, if the channel taking water to turbine starts at point A?
2. What will be the effect on electricity generation, if the channel taking water to turbine starts at point C?
3. With reference to point B, potential energy of how much water reservoir in the dam will be converted into
kinetic energy?

Ans 1. As height increases , potential energy increases. Thus at point A , potential energy of water will be
maximum. If a canal/penstock carrying water from dam starts at point A, this maximum potential energy will
be converted into kinetic energy due to which turbines will rotate with more speed. Thus more electrial energy
will be generated.
2. As height decreases potential energy decreases. Thus at point C, potential energy of water will be
minimum. If a canal/penstock carrying water from dam starts at point C, this minimum potential energy will be
converted into kinetic energy due to which turbines will rotate with less speed. Thus less electrical energy will
be generated.
[Link] the sluice gate at point .B. is opened, potential energy of the stored water at level .A. and .B. in the
dam will be converted into kinetic energy.

32 Identify the following disasters and write their symptoms.

Ans
 The following disasters are flood and forest fire.
Flood symptoms:-
a. Choking of gutters and drainage lines.
b. Strong winds in coastal areas.
c. Breaking of dams.
Forest Fire symptoms:-
a. Rising temperature
b. Lightening
c. Camp fires
d. Volcanic eruptions
e. Global warming

33

a. Identify the process given in the above figure.

b. Briefly describe each of these steps.
c. Write the importance of above process.

Ans a. The given diagram is of preparation of transgenic potatoes which act as edible vaccines.
b. The steps involved in the production of transgenic potatoes are as follows:
Step I: The desired gene is isolated from human pathogen and transferred to plant virus.
Step II: Transgenic virus infects the pieces of potato leaves.
Step III: A new potato plant is developed from the infected potato leaves containing the gene of human
pathogen.
Step IV: Consumption of such raw potato gives immunity against the pathogen.
c. These potatoes will act against bacteria like Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli. Consumption of these raw
potatoes generates the immunity against cholera and the disease caused due to E. coli.

34

i. Write the name and category of each of the component shown in the picture? (2)
ii. What is necessary to convert this picture into food web? Why? (3)

Ans i. Name and category of each of the component :

a. Grass(producer)
b. Grasshopper(primary consumer)
c. Frog( secondary consumer)
d. Snake (tertiary consumer)
e. Eagle(Apex consumer)
 f. Microbes(Decomposers)
ii. Necessary to convert this picture into food web :
A food web is interconnection between different food chains in an ecosystem. Therefore, we need to show
a.
various food chains in this picture so as to convert it into a food web.
We should show different species of organisms at different levels, i.e. primary consumers, secondary
b.
consumers, and tertiary consumers.
Interrelation between the organisms can be shown by depicting the different things an organism can eat
c.
and be eaten by.
35 Is the incidence shown in the following picture rational? Express your opinion.

Ans i. The incidence shown in the picture depicts ill treatment and is hence not at all rational.
ii. A lot of old people are being ill-treated by their own children.
iii. Elderly people are not shown the love and care that they really need.
iv. Sometimes, they are even sent to old age homes.
v. They fall sick, yet they are left to themselves.
vi. Such ill-treatment is definitely not rational. It may harm social health.
36 [Link] games on mobile while eating is right or wrong. Justify.

[Link] do you conclude from the following picture ?

[Link] the following picture and state what can be the outcome ?

`
Ans i. Playing games on mobile while eating is wrong because we can bite our tongue due to lack of
concentration on food. Due to addiction of playing games we can face various mental and physical
problems.
ii. Cigarette smoking is injurious to health. I can cause Cancer, respiratory disease. We should avoid
addiction to all harmful things such as alcohols, drugs, tobacco etc.
iii. Taking selfie on road can cause accidents. It not only rusks our life but also others.
37 Following are pictures of some disasters. How will be your pre-disaster and postdisaster management in case
you face any of these disasters?

Ans The disaster depicted in this picture is fighting between children.

Pre-disaster management:
i. If two students have a conflict about any situation or subject, I will try to peacefully resolve it.
ii. If they fight, I will try to stop the fight and separate them.
iii. If that is not possible, I will inform the teacher. The teacher will counsel them.
Post-disaster management:
i. I will provide first aid if anybody is injured.
ii. I will evaluate the situation and find out the cause of the fight and make them aware of their mistake.
With the help of my friends, I will make them understand why it is wrong to start a fight and explain them
iii.
the importance of friendship.
iv. I will take them to one side and redirect their attention to an activity they enjoy.
v. I will counsel both – the victim and the bully.
38 Observe the figure and answer the questions given below.

i. Name the reaction.

ii. Where is this reaction used?
iii. Which element is used in it?
Ans i. The reaction is nuclear fission.
ii. This reaction is used in nuclear power plant.
[Link]-235
39 Observe the given images and answer the following questions.

(a) Which evolutionary evidence does it indicate?

(b) What does it prove?
(c) State another example of evolutionary evidence.

Ans The evolutionary evidence indicated by the given picture is morphological

(a)
evidence.
Various similarities like the structure of mouth, position of eyes, structure of
nostrils and ear pinnae and thickly distributed hair on the body are seen in
animals, whereas similarities in characters like leaf shape, leaf venation, leaf
(b)
petiole, etc. occur in case of plants. This indicates that there are some
similarities in those groups and hence it proves that their origin must be the
same and they must have evolved from a common ancestor.
Other examples of evolutionary evidences are anatomical evidence, vestigial
(c) organs, palacontological evidences, connecting links, and embryological
evidences.
40 Your friend has developed the hobbies of snapping selfies

Ans Refer Text

41

i. Why are signs and symbols used ?

ii. Give any two places where above signs are used ?
[Link] would you do if you see risk of a flammable gas leak ?

Ans i. Sometimes, we have to face the disaster due to our own unawareness. Some signs and symbols are seen
used around us. Those symbols should not be ignored as such symbols are useful to avoid the mishaps.
ii. Tankers, Laboratories, Gas containers, etc.
If I happen to observe the risk of a flammable gas leak, the first step would be close the main knob, if any
iii.
which controls the gas supply. There should be no fire or electricity around the area, if there is, must be
turned off [Link] all the doors and windows so the gas can move out of the accumulated area.
42
 Write the answers to the questions by observing the figure below.

(a) Identify the animals shown in the above figure.

(b) Which evolutionary evidence is illustrated by this figure?
(c) Write the definition of that evidence for evolution.

Ans (a) Animal shown in figure A is Duck billed platypus.

Animal showin in figure B is lungfish.
Animal shown in figure C is Peripatus.
(b) The evolutionary evidence illustrated in the given figure is connecting links.
Connecting links are some plants and animals that show some morphological
(c)
characters by which they can be related to two different groups.
43 Observe the figure and answer the questions given below.

i. What do these figures indicate?

ii. Which gadgets can be misused for these?
[Link] two examples of such events.
[Link] the act amended by Government of Maharashtra to control such events.
v. What care should be taken by a person to avoid such events?
Ans i. These figures indicate cyber-crime.
ii. The gadgets can be misused for cyber-crime, are computer connected to the internet, ATM machines,
Credit and Debit cards, etc.
iii.(a)Bank transactions may be done using pin without the knowledge of consumer.
(b)Consumers are deceived by showing superior items on websites but actually selling the items of either
inferior quality or impaired ones.
[Link] of Maharashtra amended IT Act 2000 to control such events.
v. The care should be taken by a person to avoid such events is :
(a)PIN and other personal information of credit card and debit cards, Aadhar card, PAN card should not be
given to strangers.
(b)PIN numbers should not be seen by anyone while using ATM.

44

Observe the picture and answer the following questions.

(a) The given picture indicates which principle?
(b) Explain that principle in your language.
(c) What is the meaning of acquired characters?
Ans (a)The given picture indicates Lamarck's principle.
Lamarck proposed that morphological changes occuring in living
(b)(1) organisms are responsible for evolution and the reason behind those
morphological changes is activeness or laziness in that organism.
He proposed that living organisms can transfer the characters which they
(2) have acquired during their lifetime to the next generation. This is called
theory of inheritance of acquired characters.
acquired characters are the characters acquired by a living organism during
(c) its lifetime due to modification in fuction or structure, caused by environmental
factors.
45 Some symbols are given below. Explain those symbols. Which disasters may occur if those symbols are
ignored?

Ans i. Symbol indicates irritant substance.

ii. These substances cause irritation of the skin.
[Link] consumed, they can burn the respiratory tract.
[Link] can cause irritation if handled negligently, ignoring the symbol. They may cause toxicity if inhaled or
swallowed.
46 Answer the questions by observing the following figure.

i. Write the name of the device shown in the accompanying diagram.

[Link] briefly the work of this device.

Ans i. Steam Turbine

[Link] energy source is used runs the steam turbine. The steam turbine drives the generator. The generator
generates electricity based on the principle of electromagnetic induction.
47 Observe the connections of cells shown in the following images.
i. Which connection will give maximum potential difference?
ii. Give one advantage and one disadvantage of this energy.
Ans i. Type of connection of solar cells in ‘A’ is ‘in series’ connection and it will
give maximum potential difference.
ii. Advantage:
Solar energy is an eco-friendly source of energy. It does not cause any pollution.
Disadvantage:
As it can be produced in presence of sunlight only, it needs to be stored in batteries for use.
48

i. Identify the process shown in the figure.

ii. Explain the process in short.
Ans i. Modern land fill sites used for compost production process.
ii. Large pits are dug
↓
Pits are lined with plastic sheet
↓
Compressed degradable waste is dumped
↓
Covered with layers of soil, Sawdust and bio chemicals
↓
Mixing of Bioreactors for aeration
↓
Sealed with soil slurry
↓
Microles present in soil decompose the waste
↓
Best quality compost is obtained

49
 a. Which process is shown in the above given picture?
b. Give two examples for liquid fuels and solid fuels obtained by this process.

Ans (i) The process shown in the figure is of biofuel production.

(ii) Solid fuels such as coal, dung, and crop residue and liquid fuels such as vegetable oil and alcohol are
obtained by biofuel production.

50
Ans

51 Some symbols are given below. Explain those symbols. Which disasters may occur if those symbols are
ignored?

Ans i. This symbol signifies gas under pressure.

ii. A cylinder carrying such a gas may explode, if heated.
[Link] such a cylinder is heated unknowingly, it can cause cryogenic burns or injury to people handling
it as the cylinder may contain refrigerated gas.
52

i. What is dumped in the pit ?

Which of the following cannot be used in the above process ? [fruit peels, dry leaves, bottles, plastic bags,
ii.
cola cans]
[Link] does the decay of the materials take place ?
Ans i. Compressed Degradable waste is dumped in the pit.
ii. Bottles, plastic bags and cola cans cannot be used as they are non-biodegradeable.
[Link] present in soil decay the waste material.
53
 Observe the given picture and answer the questions.

(a) Identify the given diagram.

(b) What is the source of energy in this project?
(c) Why this source is supposed to be ecofriendly?

Ans a. The given diagram is a schematic of a windmill, specifically illustrating the components such as the blades,
shaft, gearbox, generator, bearing, and support structure
b. The source of energy in this project is wind. The blades capture the wind's kinetic energy, which is then
converted into mechanical energy through the rotation of the shaft connected to the gearbox and generator.
c. This source is eco-friendly because it is renewable and does not produce harmful emissions or pollutants
during electricity generation.

54 Observe the picture and answer the following questions.

[Link] evidence of evolution is shown in the picture?

[Link] can be proven with this proof?
[Link] one more example of evidence of evolution.
Ans [Link] evidence of evolution has been shown in the picture.
[Link] picture shows embryos of different animals having similarities in their appearance. Similarities between
embryos in early stages of development prove that those animals may have a common ancestor.
[Link] evidences, anatomical evidences, vestigial organs, and connecting links, are some other
examples of evidences of evolution.
55 Characters of a phylum are given below. Read those carefully and answer the questions.
[Link] of calcium carbonate are present on the body.
[Link] animals are exclusively marine.
[Link] perform the locomotion with the help of tube feet.
[Link] skeleton is made up of calcareous plates or spicules.
i. Animals of which phylum show the above characters?
ii. Give an example from that phylum.
[Link] animals can be classified with the help of which criteria of new system
of animals classification?
Ans i. Above mentioned characters are of phylum- Echinodermata.
ii. Sea star is an example of this phylum.
[Link] new system of classification, these animals classified with the help of criteria like- body
organization, body symmetry, body cavity, etc.
56 Write a note on the given diagram.
 (a) (b) (c)
Ans (a) i. This sign indicates ‘ Ban Plastic’.
ii. We must avoid using plastic bags and minimize the use of other material made from plastics.
[Link] must carry eco-friendly bags while going for shopping.
(b) i. Save water– It is very important to use water judiciously due to ever-increasing water scarcity.
(c) Green energy – Eco-friendly and inexhaustible source of energy.
57

i. What does the following figure show ?

ii. Is, the use of biofuel conventional ?
[Link] is the carbon dioxide in the air utilized ?
Ans i. Biofuel production
ii. No, the use of biofuel is not conventional.
[Link] carbon dioxide in the air utilized by the plants during photosynthesis.
58 Observe the images ‘A’ & ‘B’ and answer the following questions.

i. Which disasters are shown in the images?

ii. Which primary precautions will you take in case of disaster shown in ‘A’?
[Link] type of first-aid is offered to the injured peoples in disaster ‘B’?

Ans i. Earthquake is shown in the image ‘A’ whereas fire is shown in ‘B’.
ii. Precautions to be taken during earthquake- Do not helter-skelter, be calm, hide below the table / cot,
switch-off the power supply, use torch if necessary instead of lamps burning fossil fuels. Stay in the vehicle
if in journey; do not stop near building / trees / electric poles.
 [Link] fire is caught by clothing of victim, douse it with water, wash the burn-wounds with clean water, offer water
to drink, clean the wounds with antiseptic solution, cover it with clean, dry bandage, contact the doctor.
59

i. Which energy is generated from the power plant ?

ii. State its source.
iii. Which is more ecofriendly – Power generation from coal or Power generation from natural gas ? Why ?
Ans i. Electrical energy.
ii. In this plant, turbine is run by a gas at a very high temperature and pressure generated by combustion of
natural gas.
iii. Power generation from natural gas is more eco-friendly since combustion of natural gas leads to less air
pollution compared to the gases released during the burning of coal.
60 Some symbols are given below. Explain those symbols. Which disasters may occur if those symbols are
ignored?

Ans i. This symbol signifies corrosive chemicals.

ii. When materials with this symbol come in contact with the human body, they can attack and
chemically destroy exposed body tissues.
[Link] can cause skin burns and eye damage.
[Link] can damage metals.
61

i. What is the period of menstrual?

ii. On which day does ovulation occur during the menstrual cycle?
iii. In the menstrual cycle which reproductive organs undergo changes?
iv. Which period is said to be the period of regeneration of endometrium?
v. Which period is said to be the period of secretions of glands in endometrium?

Ans i. The period of menstruation is from the 1st to 4th day of the menstrual cycle.
ii. The ovulation occurs during the 14th and 15 day of menstrual cycle.
iii. In the menstrual cycle, Ovary and Uterus lining undergo changes.
 iv. The 5th to 13th day of the menstrual cycle is the period of regeneration of the endometrium.
v. 16th to 28 the day are said to be the period of secretions of glands in endometrium.
62 Complete the following concept-diagram and answer the following questions based on it.

a. Tobacco products can be included in which of these factors?

b. How are tobacco products harming the social health?

Ans

a. Tobacco products are included in ‘Addiction’.

b. Tobacco products cause serious disease like cancer. Chewing or consuming tobacco-containing products
can have carcinogenic effect on mouth and lungs. Occurrence of such diseases on a large scale is harmful to
social health.

63 Following are pictures of some disasters. How will be your pre-disaster and postdisaster management in case
you face any of these disasters?

Ans This picture depicts the disaster of leakage of cooking gas from a gas cylinder.
Pre-disaster management:
i. After using the gas stove, I will turn off the gas knob.
ii. I will check to ensure that there is no inflammable substance near the gas cylinder.
iii. Once a year, I will get the tubing checked by the gas supplier.
I will ask them to replace the tube if it is damaged.
iv. I will keep the gas cylinder upright.
v. I will train my family about what to do in case of a gas leakage.
Post-disaster management:
i. I will cover my mouth with a handkerchief so that I don’t inhale the gas.
ii. I will close the gas valve and open the windows and doors.
iii. I will move out of the place if the leakage is severe.
iv. I will warn neighbours not to switch on / switch off lights or do anything that will create a spark.
v. I will call the helpline from a landline number.
64 Some symbols are given below. Explain those symbols. Which disasters may occur if those symbols are
ignored?
Ans i. This symbol signifies hazardous or dangerous materials, locations, or objects, including electric currents,
poisons, and radioactive materials.
ii. Ignoring it may lead to death. Example: If one ignores this symbol and touches a high-voltage wire, he/she
will get electrocuted and die.
[Link], if one drinks a substance having this symbol, he/she may die as it may be poisonous or
radioactive.
65 Some symbols are given below. Explain those symbols. Which disasters may occur if those symbols are
ignored?

Ans i. The symbol signifies that the substance is hazardous to environment.

ii. Such a substance may harm or kill native species, including aquatic species, trees, and plants.
[Link] a substance with this sign is thrown into a lake, it can harm or kill fish, aquatic plants, and other aquatic
animals in the lake.
66 Complete the following concept-diagram using factors harming the social health and based on it, answer the
following questions.

i. Tobacco products can be included in which of those factors?

[Link] tobacco products are harming social health?

Ans
 i. Tobacco products are included in ‘ADDICTION’.
[Link] products cause the serious diseases like ‘cancer’. Occurrence of such diseases on large scale is
nothing but a harm to the social health.
67

Based on the diagram above, answer the following questions :

i. Why are reflectors used in the power plant?
ii. How does the rotation of turbine create electrical energy?
[Link] power plant is shown in the figure?
Ans Reflectors are used to reflect and concentrate solar radiation on absorbers by which solar energy is
i.
converted into heat energy.
The turbine rotates because of the energy obtained from the [Link] turbine is connected to electric
ii.
generator and thus the magnet in electric generator starts rotating and electric energy is produced.
iii. The figure shows schematic representation of Solar Thermal power plant.
68 i. Name the following method of solid waste management.
ii. What type of waste is used in this method?
[Link] kind of useful substances can be obtained from such methods?

Ans i. Modern landfill site.

ii. The waste is used in this method is degradable waste being accumulated in urban areas.
[Link] useful substances can be obtained from such methods are compost and methane gas.

69 Some symbols are given below. Explain those symbols. Which disasters may occur if those symbols are
ignored?

Ans i. This symbol signifies a cancer-causing agent (carcinogen) or substance with respiratory, reproductive, or
 organ toxicity that causes damage over time (a chronic or long-term health hazard).
ii. If one ignores this symbol and swallows such a substance, his/her internal organs may suffer damage.
[Link] may cause allergy or asthmatic symptoms.
70 Some symbols are given below. Explain those symbols. Which disasters may occur if those symbols are
ignored?

Ans i. This symbol signifies oxidizing substances.

ii. Some substances do not burn themselves, but they provide oxygen for flammable substances to burn. Such
substances are labelled with the ‘oxidizing’ symbol. They should be kept away from flammable substances
and ignition sources.
[Link] this symbol is ignored and a substance with this symbol is kept near fire, it will enhance the fire and cause
serious accident. It will be very difficult to control such fire.
71

a. Which mental disorder is shown in the picture?

b. Which social message would you like to give through it?

Ans a. The picture depicts ‘insensitivity’ type of mental disorder. Nowadays, people are becoming insensitive
towards others. The picture is of a road accident. A person is badly injured and is bleeding. But instead of
helping the victim, people around are busy clicking photographs and videos on cell phones.
b. The following social message can be given through this picture.
1. Instead of making video-clips of the accident, people should provide immediate medical help to the victim
or take him to a nearby hospital so that his life is saved.
2. People should make constructive use of their cell phones; inform the police immediately and call for an
ambulance.

72 Identify the stages of mitosis given below and label the figure from the alternatives provided.
(Spindle fibers, Centrioles, Daughter nuclei, Chromosomes, Centromere)

Ans i. Stages :
a. Anaphase b. Metaphase c. Telophase
 [Link] :
a. Centriole b. Spindle fibers c. Chromosomes d. Centromere e. Daughter nuclei
73 Following are pictures of some disasters. How will be your pre-disaster and postdisaster management in case
you face any of these disasters?

Ans This picture depicts the disaster of flooding due to heavy rains.
Pre-disaster management:
i. I will contact the town planning department to find out if my home is located in a flood-prone area.
ii. I will examine the residential area and find the route to escape in case of flooding emergency.
iii. I will collect emergency contact numbers and ask all family members to save them so that they are
readily available when need arises.
iv. I will buy non-perishable food items and store potable water which will be sufficient at least for 2-3 days.
v. I will keep first aid kit ready at home.
vi. I will also ask my neighbours to take these precautionary measures.
Post-disaster management:
i. I will provide food, water, and medical help to victims.
ii. I will ask people to drink only boiled water to avoid waterborne diseases.
74 Write the answers to the questions by observing the picture.

(a) What is the concept shown in the picture?

(b) Write any one benefits.
(c) What do you do when you feel stressed?

Ans (a) Laughter club is shown in the picture.,

(b) Laughing loudly relieves mental stress.
(c) I talk with my friends and share my problems with them. I even talk with my parents regarding the
problems. Sometimes, I listen to music. It relaxes my mind.

75 What are the advantages and limitations of solar energy?

Ans ....

76 Some symbols are given below. Explain those symbols. Which disasters may occur if those symbols are
ignored?
Ans i. This symbol signifies chemicals that ignite very easily.
ii. One should wear eye protection when handling these chemicals. These chemicals should be kept away
from flames and sparks, and also from oxidizing substances.
[Link] this symbol is ignored, and such a substance is handled carelessly, it may cause fire.
77 Identify labels 'a' and 'b' in the given diagram and explain the technique.

Ans i. 'a' - Ovum

'b' - Sperm being introduced through micropipette
ii. The given diagram represents in vitro fertilization (IVF) technique. IVF is a technique in which fertilization is
brought about in the test tube. Sperm is injected into the ovum using a micropipette. The embryo formed
after fertilization is implanted in the uterus of a woman at the appropriate time.
[Link] couples, who have problems like less sperm count, obstacles in oviduct, etc., can use IVF
technique for having a child.

78 Following are pictures of some disasters. How will be your pre-disaster and postdisaster management in case
you face any of these disasters?

Ans Pre-disaster management:

i. I will identify if my area is located in cycloneprone area.
ii. I will ask my family members and neighbours to stay indoors, in case there is a possibility of a
cyclone.
iii. I will keep the necessary stock of food, medicines, and other essentials.
iv. I will keep myself updated about news related to cyclone.
v. I will keep emergency kit nearby.
Post-disaster management:
i. I will provide necessary help such as food, water, and medical help to the affected people.
ii. I will switch off all electric appliances.
79
 i. What is ATP composed of ?
ii. Explain why 'ATP is called as energy currency of the cell".
Ans ATP is composed of a nitrogenous compound (adenine), pentose sugar (ribose) and three phosphate
i.
groups.
ii. ATP is called on energy currency of the cell because;
a. ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) is an energy-rich molecule.
b. Energy is stored in the bonds that join phosphate groups in ATP.
c. ATP is stored in a cell as per the energy requirements of the cell.
d. As per the energy need, phosphate bonds of ATP are broken and energy is derived.
80 What do these symbols indicate? Explain our opinion about those symbols.

(a) (b) (c)

Ans (a) Recycling
i. Save water.I will increase the public awareness about plastic recycling.
(b) Save water.
ii. I will discuss with friends about various strategies on judicious use of water and implementations
accordingly.
(c)[Link] sign indicates ‘No honking’.
ii. We must avoid honking as it creates sound pollution and definitely not honk where these signs are placed
along roadside.
81 Write a note on the given diagram.

(a) (b) (c)

Ans (a) i. This sign indicates ‘ Waste Management’.
ii. We must always throw the waste in the dustbins and also segregate waste.
(b) i. This sign indicates ‘Save Water’.
ii. We must try our best to save water and conserve it.
(c) i. This sign indicates ‘Save Fuel’.
ii. We must use public transport instead of private vehicles.
iii. We should walk short distances or use bicycles.
iv. We can also do carpooling to reduce carbon footprints.
82

i. Does this method of reproduction favour genetic variation ? Why ?

ii. Name the method of reproduction depicted here ?
[Link] the Organism in which you find this method of reproduction ?
Ans i. No. In asexual reproduction as one parent is involved, it lacks genetic variations and the offspring product
are similar to their parent.
ii. The method of reproduction is asexual mode of reproduction depicting binary fission.
[Link], Euglena, Paramecium
83

A. Which process is shown in the above figure?

B. Describe in brief the steps- I, II, III & IV.
Ans [Link] of edible vaccines is shown in the figure.
[Link]:
i. Isolation of desired gene from human pathogen and transfer of it to plant virus.
ii. Infection of the pieces of leaves of potato by the transgenic virus.
Development of new potato plant from the infected leaves of potato which will contain the gene from
iii.
human pathogen.
[Link] of such raw potato gives immunity against the pathogen.

84

a. Write the name of the cells or organs denoted by X and Y.

b. Which property of stem cell is shown in figure?
c. Which therapy is shown in the picture?
d. What will be the possible benefits of this therapy in organ transplantation?
OR
What is the benefit of tissue/organ culture from stem cells?

Ans i. Name of organ X is neuron and Y is intestine.

ii. Pluripotency of stem cells is shown in the figure.
iii. The picture shows ‘regenerative therapy’ using stem cells.
iv. It is possible to develop organs like liver and kidney from stem cells. These organs can be used to replace
the failed ones.
85
 i. What is menstrual cycle?
ii. Name the harmones that control menstrual cycle.
iii. Which period is said to be the period of regeneration of endometrium?
Ans Female reproductive system undergoes some changes at puberty and those changes repeat at the interval
i.
of every 28 – 30 days. These repetitive changes are called as menstrual cycle.
ii. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estrogen and progesterone.
iii. In menstrual cycle, days 5 – 14 are period of regeneration of endometrium.
86

1. What will be the effect on electricity generation, if the channel taking water to turbine starts at point A?
2. What will be the effect on electricity generation, if the channel taking water to turbine starts at point C?
3. With reference to point B, potential energy of how much water reservoir in the dam will be converted into
kinetic energy?

Ans 1. As height increases , potential energy increases. Thus at point A , potential energy of water will be
maximum. If a canal/penstock carrying water from dam starts at point A, this maximum potential energy will
be converted into kinetic energy due to which turbines will rotate with more speed. Thus more electrial energy
will be generated.
2. As height decreases potential energy decreases. Thus at point C, potential energy of water will be
minimum. If a canal/penstock carrying water from dam starts at point C, this minimum potential energy will be
converted into kinetic energy due to which turbines will rotate with less speed. Thus less electrical energy will
be generated.
[Link] the sluice gate at point .B. is opened, potential energy of the stored water at level .A. and .B. in the
dam will be converted into kinetic energy.

87 Identify the following disasters and write their symptoms.

Ans
 The following disasters are flood and forest fire.
Flood symptoms:-
a. Choking of gutters and drainage lines.
b. Strong winds in coastal areas.
c. Breaking of dams.
Forest Fire symptoms:-
a. Rising temperature
b. Lightening
c. Camp fires
d. Volcanic eruptions
e. Global warming

88

a. Identify the process given in the above figure.

b. Briefly describe each of these steps.
c. Write the importance of above process.

Ans a. The given diagram is of preparation of transgenic potatoes which act as edible vaccines.
b. The steps involved in the production of transgenic potatoes are as follows:
Step I: The desired gene is isolated from human pathogen and transferred to plant virus.
Step II: Transgenic virus infects the pieces of potato leaves.
Step III: A new potato plant is developed from the infected potato leaves containing the gene of human
pathogen.
Step IV: Consumption of such raw potato gives immunity against the pathogen.
c. These potatoes will act against bacteria like Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli. Consumption of these raw
potatoes generates the immunity against cholera and the disease caused due to E. coli.

89

i. Write the name and category of each of the component shown in the picture? (2)
ii. What is necessary to convert this picture into food web? Why? (3)

Ans i. Name and category of each of the component :

a. Grass(producer)
b. Grasshopper(primary consumer)
c. Frog( secondary consumer)
d. Snake (tertiary consumer)
e. Eagle(Apex consumer)
f. Microbes(Decomposers)
ii. Necessary to convert this picture into food web :
A food web is interconnection between different food chains in an ecosystem. Therefore, we need to show
a.
various food chains in this picture so as to convert it into a food web.
We should show different species of organisms at different levels, i.e. primary consumers, secondary
b.
consumers, and tertiary consumers.
Interrelation between the organisms can be shown by depicting the different things an organism can eat
 c. and be eaten by.

90 Is the incidence shown in the following picture rational? Express your opinion.

Ans i. The incidence shown in the picture depicts ill treatment and is hence not at all rational.
ii. A lot of old people are being ill-treated by their own children.
iii. Elderly people are not shown the love and care that they really need.
iv. Sometimes, they are even sent to old age homes.
v. They fall sick, yet they are left to themselves.
vi. Such ill-treatment is definitely not rational. It may harm social health.
91 [Link] games on mobile while eating is right or wrong. Justify.

[Link] do you conclude from the following picture ?

[Link] the following picture and state what can be the outcome ?

`
Ans i. Playing games on mobile while eating is wrong because we can bite our tongue due to lack of
concentration on food. Due to addiction of playing games we can face various mental and physical
problems.
ii. Cigarette smoking is injurious to health. I can cause Cancer, respiratory disease. We should avoid
addiction to all harmful things such as alcohols, drugs, tobacco etc.
iii. Taking selfie on road can cause accidents. It not only rusks our life but also others.
92 Following are pictures of some disasters. How will be your pre-disaster and postdisaster management in case
you face any of these disasters?

Ans The disaster depicted in this picture is fighting between children.

Pre-disaster management:
i. If two students have a conflict about any situation or subject, I will try to peacefully resolve it.
ii. If they fight, I will try to stop the fight and separate them.
iii. If that is not possible, I will inform the teacher. The teacher will counsel them.
Post-disaster management:
i. I will provide first aid if anybody is injured.
ii. I will evaluate the situation and find out the cause of the fight and make them aware of their mistake.
With the help of my friends, I will make them understand why it is wrong to start a fight and explain them
iii.
the importance of friendship.
iv. I will take them to one side and redirect their attention to an activity they enjoy.
v. I will counsel both – the victim and the bully.
93 Observe the figure and answer the questions given below.

i. Name the reaction.

ii. Where is this reaction used?
iii. Which element is used in it?
Ans i. The reaction is nuclear fission.
ii. This reaction is used in nuclear power plant.
[Link]-235
94 Observe the given images and answer the following questions.

(a) Which evolutionary evidence does it indicate?

(b) What does it prove?
(c) State another example of evolutionary evidence.

Ans The evolutionary evidence indicated by the given picture is morphological

(a)
evidence.
Various similarities like the structure of mouth, position of eyes, structure of
nostrils and ear pinnae and thickly distributed hair on the body are seen in
animals, whereas similarities in characters like leaf shape, leaf venation, leaf
(b)
petiole, etc. occur in case of plants. This indicates that there are some
similarities in those groups and hence it proves that their origin must be the
same and they must have evolved from a common ancestor.
Other examples of evolutionary evidences are anatomical evidence, vestigial
(c) organs, palacontological evidences, connecting links, and embryological
evidences.
95 Your friend has developed the hobbies of snapping selfies

Ans Refer Text

96

i. Why are signs and symbols used ?

ii. Give any two places where above signs are used ?
[Link] would you do if you see risk of a flammable gas leak ?
Ans i. Sometimes, we have to face the disaster due to our own unawareness. Some signs and symbols are seen
used around us. Those symbols should not be ignored as such symbols are useful to avoid the mishaps.
ii. Tankers, Laboratories, Gas containers, etc.
If I happen to observe the risk of a flammable gas leak, the first step would be close the main knob, if any
iii.
which controls the gas supply. There should be no fire or electricity around the area, if there is, must be
turned off [Link] all the doors and windows so the gas can move out of the accumulated area.
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 Write the answers to the questions by observing the figure below.

(a) Identify the animals shown in the above figure.

(b) Which evolutionary evidence is illustrated by this figure?
(c) Write the definition of that evidence for evolution.

Ans (a) Animal shown in figure A is Duck billed platypus.

Animal showin in figure B is lungfish.
Animal shown in figure C is Peripatus.
(b) The evolutionary evidence illustrated in the given figure is connecting links.
Connecting links are some plants and animals that show some morphological
(c)
characters by which they can be related to two different groups.
98 Observe the figure and answer the questions given below.

i. What do these figures indicate?

ii. Which gadgets can be misused for these?
[Link] two examples of such events.
[Link] the act amended by Government of Maharashtra to control such events.
v. What care should be taken by a person to avoid such events?
Ans i. These figures indicate cyber-crime.
ii. The gadgets can be misused for cyber-crime, are computer connected to the internet, ATM machines,
Credit and Debit cards, etc.
iii.(a)Bank transactions may be done using pin without the knowledge of consumer.
(b)Consumers are deceived by showing superior items on websites but actually selling the items of either
inferior quality or impaired ones.
[Link] of Maharashtra amended IT Act 2000 to control such events.
v. The care should be taken by a person to avoid such events is :
(a)PIN and other personal information of credit card and debit cards, Aadhar card, PAN card should not be
given to strangers.
(b)PIN numbers should not be seen by anyone while using ATM.
99
 Observe the picture and answer the following questions.
(a) The given picture indicates which principle?
(b) Explain that principle in your language.
(c) What is the meaning of acquired characters?

Ans (a)The given picture indicates Lamarck's principle.

Lamarck proposed that morphological changes occuring in living
(b)(1) organisms are responsible for evolution and the reason behind those
morphological changes is activeness or laziness in that organism.
He proposed that living organisms can transfer the characters which they
(2) have acquired during their lifetime to the next generation. This is called
theory of inheritance of acquired characters.
acquired characters are the characters acquired by a living organism during
(c) its lifetime due to modification in fuction or structure, caused by environmental
factors.
100 Some symbols are given below. Explain those symbols. Which disasters may occur if those symbols are
ignored?

Ans i. Symbol indicates irritant substance.

ii. These substances cause irritation of the skin.
[Link] consumed, they can burn the respiratory tract.
[Link] can cause irritation if handled negligently, ignoring the symbol. They may cause toxicity if inhaled or
swallowed.
101 Answer the questions by observing the following figure.

i. Write the name of the device shown in the accompanying diagram.

[Link] briefly the work of this device.
Ans i. Steam Turbine
[Link] energy source is used runs the steam turbine. The steam turbine drives the generator. The generator
generates electricity based on the principle of electromagnetic induction.
102 Observe the connections of cells shown in the following images.
i. Which connection will give maximum potential difference?
ii. Give one advantage and one disadvantage of this energy.

Ans i. Type of connection of solar cells in ‘A’ is ‘in series’ connection and it will
give maximum potential difference.
ii. Advantage:
Solar energy is an eco-friendly source of energy. It does not cause any pollution.
Disadvantage:
As it can be produced in presence of sunlight only, it needs to be stored in batteries for use.
103

i. Identify the process shown in the figure.

ii. Explain the process in short.
Ans i. Modern land fill sites used for compost production process.
ii. Large pits are dug
↓
Pits are lined with plastic sheet
↓
Compressed degradable waste is dumped
↓
Covered with layers of soil, Sawdust and bio chemicals
↓
Mixing of Bioreactors for aeration
↓
Sealed with soil slurry
↓
Microles present in soil decompose the waste
↓
Best quality compost is obtained
104
 a. Which process is shown in the above given picture?
b. Give two examples for liquid fuels and solid fuels obtained by this process.

Ans (i) The process shown in the figure is of biofuel production.

(ii) Solid fuels such as coal, dung, and crop residue and liquid fuels such as vegetable oil and alcohol are
obtained by biofuel production.

105

Ans
106 Some symbols are given below. Explain those symbols. Which disasters may occur if those symbols are
ignored?

Ans i. This symbol signifies gas under pressure.

ii. A cylinder carrying such a gas may explode, if heated.
[Link] such a cylinder is heated unknowingly, it can cause cryogenic burns or injury to people handling
it as the cylinder may contain refrigerated gas.
107

i. What is dumped in the pit ?

Which of the following cannot be used in the above process ? [fruit peels, dry leaves, bottles, plastic bags,
ii.
cola cans]
[Link] does the decay of the materials take place ?
Ans i. Compressed Degradable waste is dumped in the pit.
ii. Bottles, plastic bags and cola cans cannot be used as they are non-biodegradeable.
[Link] present in soil decay the waste material.
108