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Enterobacteriaceae.: Human Health Effects

Enterobacteriaceae, particularly Salmonella spp., are gram-negative bacilli that can cause various infections, including gastroenteritis and typhoid fever, primarily through fecal contamination in food and water. Aspergillus spp. are molds found in oxygen-rich environments and can contaminate starchy foods. Foodborne pathogens like Clostridium botulinum and Staphylococcus aureus are also common, leading to food poisoning from contaminated fruits, vegetables, and dairy products.

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10 views3 pages

Enterobacteriaceae.: Human Health Effects

Enterobacteriaceae, particularly Salmonella spp., are gram-negative bacilli that can cause various infections, including gastroenteritis and typhoid fever, primarily through fecal contamination in food and water. Aspergillus spp. are molds found in oxygen-rich environments and can contaminate starchy foods. Foodborne pathogens like Clostridium botulinum and Staphylococcus aureus are also common, leading to food poisoning from contaminated fruits, vegetables, and dairy products.

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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Enterobacteriaceae.

They are motile, gram negative bacilli that does not

ferment lactose, but most produce hydrogen sulfide or gas from

carbohydrate fermentation.

Human Health Effects: Salmonella spp. infections typically cause four

clinical manifestations: gastroenteritis (ranging from mild to fulminant

diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting), bacteremia or septicaemia (high spiking

fever with positive blood cultures), typhoid fever/enteric fever (sustained

fever with or without diarrhea) and a carrier state in persons with previous

infections.

Source and Occurrence: The pathogens typically gain entry into the water

systems through faecal contamination from sewage discharge, livestock.

Contamination has been detected in a wide variety of foods and milk.

Routes and Exposures: Salmonella spp. is spread by the faecal-oral route.

Infections with non-typhoid serovars are primarily associated with person to

person contact, the consumption of a variety of contaminated foods and

exposure to animals. Infection by typhoid species is associated with

consumption of contaminated food and water, with direct person to person

spread being uncommon.

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d. Aspergillus spp.

Aspergillus spp. are highly aerobic and are found in almost all oxygen-rich

environments, where they commonly grow as molds on the surface of a

substrate, as a result of the high oxygen tension. Commonly, they grow on

carbon-rich substrate like monosaccharides (such as glucose) and

polysaccharides (such as amylose). Aspergillus spp. species are common

contaminants of starchy foods (such as Garri), and grow in or on many

plants and trees.

2.7 FOODS AS A VEHICLE FOR CERTAIN DISEASE

Foods are means whereby these food poisoning secreting organisms

are found and hence they transmit these disease/pathogens. Fruits,

vegetables, dairy products, meats and others contain a variety of

microorganisms on the surface. Clostridium botulinum is the organism

found growing on these food and produce poison which when eaten with

these food could result in botulism (Nester et al., 1983). Staphylococcus

aureus which caused staphylococcal food poisoning are found in potato,

salad, poultry, cook hand and dairy products (Marriot, 1989). Salmonella

food poisoning includes fresh fruits, vegetables, spices, raw meat

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