Grammar – PRESENT TENSE

PRESENT SIMPLE, PRESENT CONTINOUS

Present simple tense Present continuous tense
(Subject) I/We/They/You (+) S+ am/is/are + Ving +…
(+) S V… He is playing
(-) S don’t V… (-) S+ am/is/are (not) + Ving +…
(?) Do S V…? He isn’t playing
(Subject) She/He/It (-) S+ am/is/are (not) + Ving +…
(+) S Vs/es… He isn’t playing
(-) S doesn’t V…
(?) Does S V…?
RULES:
1. We use the present simple for daily activities. (Sử dụng hiện tại đơn cho cá hoạt động xảy ra
hang ngày.)
2. We use the present continuous for something that is happening now. (Sử dụng hiện tại tiếp diễn
để nói về một việc đang diễn ra.)
3. We use the present simple for a fact that always true. (Sử dụng hiện tai đơn cho một sự thật luôn
đúng.)
4. We use the present continuous for arrangements in the future. (Sử dụng thì hiện tại tiếp diễn để
nói về một dự định đã được lên kế hoạch và chắc chắn diễn ra.)
5. We use the present simple with certain verb, e.g. belive, hate, like, love, need, know, prefer,
want, understand. ( Sử dụng hiện tại đơn với một số động từ nhất định.)
6. We use present continuous [constantly/ continuously/ always]=> make complaint (phàn nàn.)
EX: He is always coming to school late.
GRAMMAR BUILDER

Present simple
Exercise 1. Write sentences using Present simple with “be” and normal verbs.
1. Jungwon / go / work / car / everyday.
(+)____________________________________________________________________________
(-) ____________________________________________________________________________
(?) ____________________________________________________________________________
2. Sunoo and Yeonjun / eat / mintchoco / together / everyday.
(+)____________________________________________________________________________
(-) ____________________________________________________________________________
(?) ____________________________________________________________________________
3. My school / finish / 11 o’clock.
 (+)____________________________________________________________________________
(-) ____________________________________________________________________________
(?) ____________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 2. Complete the questions.

1. What________________________________________________at school?
She wears her school uniform.
2. Where_______________________________________________swimming pool?
He goes swimming at the sports centre.
3. Why_________________________________________________computer games?
They play computer games because they enjoy them.
4. When________________________________________________in the morning?
He gets up at 7:30.
5. How_________________________________________________to school?
I go to school by car.

Present continuous
Exercise 3. Write sentences using the present continuous.
1. Heeseung / sing / stage / now.
(+)____________________________________________________________________________
(-) ____________________________________________________________________________
(?) ____________________________________________________________________________
2. They / play / music / at the moment.
(+)____________________________________________________________________________
(-) ____________________________________________________________________________
(?) ____________________________________________________________________________
3. We / visit / our grandparents / this Saturday.
(+)____________________________________________________________________________
(-) ____________________________________________________________________________
(?) ____________________________________________________________________________
Present simple or Present continuous?
★ I ( am having / have / has ) breakfast at home everyday.
✩ We ( are going / listen / listens ) to music in the bedroom now.
★ They ( aren’t going / don’t go / don’t goes ) to school on Sunday.
✩ (Are you doing / Do you do / Does you do ) your homework now?
★ How often ( are you going / do you go / does you go ) swimming?
✩ What (are you doing / do they do ) now?
★ I ( am watching / watch / watches ) TV at the moment.
✩ Leo ( is going / go / goes ) to school by bus everyday.
★ Mom ( is having / have / has ) breakfast at home everyday.
Exercise 4. Complete the pairs of sentences with the present simple or the present continuous form of
verbs in bracket.
1. She always_________________(wear) a white top for work.
I_________________(wear) new shoes now. Do you like them?
2. We_________________(go) skiing at the moment. Do you want to go?
They_________________(go) skiing every winter.
3. I_________________(love) this music now. What is it?
I_________________(listen) to this music now. What is it?
4. Light_________________(travel) faster than sound.
Be careful! That car_________________(travel) very fast.
5. My dad often_________________(play) games in the shower.
My mother_________________(take) her driver's license test. Do you think she will pass?.

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE, PRESENT PERFECT

CONTINUOUS
Present perfect simple. (have / has V3/ed)
1. To talk about ân experience without a specific time.
(Nói về một trải nghiệm không có thời gian cụ thể.)
2. To talk about a recent event that has a result in the present.
(Nói về một việc vừa mới diễn ra.)
3. To talk about an action that happened in the past and há continued in the present.
(Nói về một việc diễn ra từ trong quá khứ và kéo dài tới hiện tại.)

I/ We/ They/ You

I have finished homework. I haven’t finished homework.
Have you been to China? Yes, I have.
No, I haven’t.
She/ He/ It
He has had dinner. He hasn’t had dinner.
Has she been to Korea? Yes, she has.
No, she haven’t.
Exercise 1: Use the correct form of the verbs using the Present perfect.
1. “How long (you know)_____________________________John?”
“3 years.”
2. Careful! I (just break)_____________________________a glass. Put on some shoes!
3. She (be)_____________________________in hospital for 2 weeks.
4. “(You / be)_____________________________ to New York?”
“Yes, in 1990.”
5. “How long (you / live)_____________________________in this house?”
“For almost 5 years now.”
6. “Is Mark here?”
“No, He (just / leave)_____________________________.”
7. She can't be hungry now because she (just / have)_____________________________ dinner with her
parents.
8. “_____________________________(you / finish) painting the bedroom yet?”
“Not yet. I'll finish it tomorrow.”
Exercise 2: Choose for or since
1. My grandparents have been married____________ 40 years.
2. It hasn't rained here____________ 1998.
3. He's had a girlfriend ____________last summer.
4. They`ve known each other____________ twelve years.
5. You haven't phoned me____________ ages.
6. I've lived in this town____________two years.
7. I've known my best friend____________we were at university.
8. I haven't eaten anything____________a day.
Exercise 3: Rewrite these sentences as required.
1. The started playing soccer when they were young.
They have played _____________________________________________________
2. We began working on the computer three hours ago.
We have ____________________________________________________________
3. My brother started learning English when he was in grade 3.
My brother has _______________________________________________________
4. I last met my friends three days ago.
haven't met __________________________________________________________
5. It's two months since I last spoke to her
I havent ____________________________________________________________
6. Leo stopped smoking two months ago.
Leo hasn't ___________________________________________________________
7. When did you start studying English?
How long ___________________________________________________________
8. When did you move to live here?
How long ___________________________________________________________

Present perfect continuous (have/ has been Ving)

Use THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS to talk about how long an action has happened
(Dùng thì HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN để nói về một hành động đã xảy ra trong bao
lâu)=>Nhấn mạnh về thời gian.
We DON'T use THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS with state verbs (like, love, know,
have, remember, etc.) (Chúng ta KHÔNG dùng THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN với các
động từ trạng thái.)
Supply the correct form of the verbs using present perfect simple or continuous.
1. Her eyes hurt because she ____________ (look) at that computer screen for hours.
2. I'm tired because I ____________(not have) a holiday for ages.
3. It____________(snow) for hours. If it continues we won't be able to go to school tomorrow.
4. I hope Tom's alright. We ____________ (not see) him recently.
5. The office is really busy. The phones ____________ (ring) all day.
6. ____________(read) any of Alan Bennett's work?
7. Theyre tired because they ____________(cycle) over thirty miles today.
8. We ____________(wait) for over half an hour and there's still no sign of the bus.

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Grammar – PAST TENSE
PAST CONTINUOUS
Past continuous
Affirmative (+) While I was walking to school, my phone rang.
Negative (-) They weren’t playing games at six o’clock
yesterday.
Question (?) Were you staying home when I called?
1. To describe a scene in the past
On the frist day of school, the sun was shining and the birds were
singing.
2. To describe an event that was in progress at a specific moment in
the past.
What were you doing at 8.30 pm last night.
3. We use the past simple and the past continuous together to
describe a sudden event that interrupted a longer.
While I was having lunch, my cousin phoned.