Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY
The National Center for Teacher Education
Mindanao
The Multicultural Education Hub
Prosperidad, Agusan Del Sur
Name: KRIS ANNE M. GABONADA Section: BME-2
MODULE 2
SUMMARY
Give five (5) statements that summarize your understanding of this Chapter 1 Module 2- Major
Foundations of Curriculum.
1. Philosophy provides a framework or frameworks for educators, particularly curriculum
specialists, to organize schools and classrooms.
2. Only when pupils learn and benefit from the curriculum can the curriculum be deemed
successful.
3. Meaningful things and events are remembered better than meaningless stimuli because they
need more processing.
4. Information is something that is actively constructed by humans as they attempt to give
meaning to that knowledge.
5. Individuals should be valued for the knowledge, beliefs, and abilities they contribute to a
learning context.
EXCERCISES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Activity 1
Explain the influence of the four educational philosophies on curriculum in the light of the
present Philippine education system. Make a collage showing the group’s perception of the
government top three (3) priorities.
ASSESSMENT/EVALUATION
Activity 1
In your view as a student teacher, to what extent does the curriculum in your institution take into
account the needs and interests of learners? (Select one curriculum out of the 8 curricular
programs of our institution). Given the opportunity, what modifications would you recommend
to curriculum planners that would accommodate these learners? Prepare a flow chart to discuss
your answer.
Activity 2
Identify the Educational Philosophies
Which of the following statements reflect the four philosophical traditions that have been
discussed? Mark E for essentialism, P for progressivism, PN for perennialism and R or
reconstructionism. Since the statements are subjective, it is possible that you may disagree with
the classification. Support your argument. Write your argument on another sheet of paper.
1. A School curriculum should include a common body of knowledge that all PN
students should know.
2. The curriculum should focus on the great ideas that have survived through time R
and related to present day challenges.
3. Schools should prepare students for analyzing and solving the social problems that P
they will face as adults.
4. Each student should determine his or her individual curriculum, and teachers PN
should guide and help them.
5. Students must be taught about change and now to bring about change. P
6. Teachers and schools should emphasize academic rigor, discipline, hard work and E
respect for authority.
7. Students must be questioned and probed until they discover the truth in the texts PN
selected.
8. Schools should develop students’ ability to think deeply and analytically rather PN
than focus on temporary issues such as social skills and current trends.
9. For a country to be competitive in the global marketplace, schools should seek to R
produce more competent workers.
10. Since students learn effectively though social interaction, schools should plan for P
increased social interaction in the curriculum.
11. Students are too immature to decide what they need to learn and so the school
should decide for them.
12. Teaching should emphasize relating what is learned to the real-world through P
field trips and internship.
13. Education is not primarily concerned with producing future workers but should P
emphasize learning for its own sake and students should enjoy reading, learning and
discussing interesting ideas.
14. Education should enable students to recognize injustices in society, and schools R
should promote projects to redress social inequalities.
15. Students should be active participants in the learning process, involved in P
democratic class decision making and reflective thinking.
16. Students should be taught to be more sensitive to race, gender, ethnicity, and E
differences in general.
11. This sentence doesn’t belong to any of the classifications because students, more often than
not, know what they want to learn and are not so immature to decide what they need to learn in
terms of seeking knowledge.
ASSIGNMENT/RELATED READING/TAKE IT TO THE NET/ SELF- REFLECT
Pick up a daily newspaper or related source and read, today’s headline. Choose one and reflect
on this headline that relates on the Curriculum and to your becoming a curricularist. Write your
answer in at least two paragraphs.
It has been almost two years since the start of the pandemic, where students and teachers
alike were forced to work home due to the risks of having face-to-face classes. Thus, the
curriculum was changed to how it is today in order to accommodate the new normal of having
classes through screens. Because of our yet-to-develop economy, many students are having
trouble attending classes and sending requirements either due to not having the proper
technology or having poor signal. Whichever the case, many students have suffered
academically, with some pausing their education in favour of working to help their families.
Now in recent months, face-to-face learning is being brought in conversation and a very
real possibility soon, maybe even this year if enough students have been vaccinated. Although
vaccines have been mandated, face-to-face classes would still have to be limited in terms of
wearing masks and being six feet apart from other students. Whichever the case, schools are
getting ready for face-to-face classes for the next school year.