ACLC College of Tacloban

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL (SCIENCE DEPARTMENT)

REVIEW AND LECTURE NOTES IN EARTH (AND LIFE) SCIENCE
Prepared by: Marian Batuhan
You may write additional notes here.
Name: ___________________________________________ Grade, Block No., Sec.:____________________ _____________________________
_____________________________
SECTION 1: SCIENCE AS A FIELD AND ITS SUB-BRANCHES _____________________________
Science is a systematized body of knowledge which involves observation, _____________________________
formulation of hypotheses, experimentation, and analysis to understand natural _____________________________
phenomena—understanding the past, present, and predict the future. _____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
Elements vs Compounds _____________________________
• Elements and compounds are both pure substances, but elements are made of _____________________________
only one type of atom, while compounds are made of two or more elements _____________________________
chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio. _____________________________
_____________________________
• Elements cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means,
_____________________________
whereas compounds can be broken down into their constituent elements.
_____________________________
_____________________________
Sub-Branches of Earth Science
_____________________________
• Hydrology - is the study of the distribution and movement of water both on and
_____________________________
below the Earth's surface, as well as the impact of human activity on water
_____________________________
o Oceanography - is the study of all aspects of the ocean. Oceanography _____________________________
covers a wide range of topics, from marine life and ecosystems to _____________________________
currents and waves, the movement of sediments, and seafloor geology. _____________________________
o Limnology - is the study of inland aquatic ecosystems _____________________________
• Geology - derived from the ancient Greek language. The word Geo means the _____________________________
Earth and -logia means "the study of." It is the study of the Earth's history, its _____________________________
composition, and Earth's processes _____________________________
o ***Geography - is derived from the Greek word geographia, which _____________________________
translates to "Earth description." In other terms, it is the study of the _____________________________
physical properties on the surface of the Earth and the interactions _____________________________
between the environment and people. _____________________________
• Meteorology - is the scientific study of Earth's atmosphere, with a focus on _____________________________
weather and climate. _____________________________
o Weather – short-term atmospheric changes _____________________________
o Climate - long-term atmospheric changes _____________________________
• Astronomy - is a science that studies everything outside of the earth's _____________________________
atmosphere, such as planets, stars, asteroids, galaxies; and the properties and _____________________________
relationships of those celestial bodies. _____________________________
_____________________________
Page 1 of 9 _____________________________
Earth and Life Science: Introduction to Earth & Life Science, Universe, and Solar System
This material is solely for personal and classroom use of students from Grade 11 Block 13, 5, 19, 32, and 18, _____________________________
SY 2025-2026. Redistribution of this material or any content of this lecture notes, in any form, is strictly _____________________________
prohibited. _____________________________
Further, the information contained in this reviewer is for general information purposes only. Any reliance
you place on this material is strictly at your own risk.
_____________________________
 ACLC College of Tacloban
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL (SCIENCE DEPARTMENT)
REVIEW AND LECTURE NOTES IN EARTH (AND LIFE) SCIENCE
Prepared by: Marian Batuhan
You may write additional notes here.
o ***Astrology – is a pseudoscience. It is the belief that the positioning of _____________________________
the stars and planets affect the way events occur on earth _____________________________
_____________________________
SECTION 1.1: BRANCHES OF EARTH SCIENCE _____________________________
_____________________________
Earth Science is the study of our Earth, its life-supporting properties, materials, and _____________________________
geologic processes occurring in its layers; and important natural changes in its over-all _____________________________
environment. It is interrelated with other sciences: geology, oceanography, _____________________________
meteorology, and astronomy. _____________________________
_____________________________
• Geology is the study of the materials and processes that operate beneath and _____________________________
upon the Earth's surface. _____________________________
• Oceanography is the study of the composition and movements of seawater, as _____________________________
well as coastal processes, seafloor topography, and marine life. _____________________________
• Meteorology deals with the study of the atmosphere and the elements that _____________________________
produce weather and climate. _____________________________
• Astronomy is the study of the universe, our planet's origin, and the members _____________________________
of the solar system. _____________________________
_____________________________
SECTION 2: MILETIAN PHILOSOPHERS _____________________________
_____________________________
1. Thales
_____________________________
• Water called “arche”
_____________________________
• Also believed that the earth is flat, floating on water, and that earthquakes are
_____________________________
caused by the movement of water below the earth
_____________________________
• 3 reasons why he believed that organisms originated from water: _____________________________
o Water is indispensable (without water, organisms will not exist) _____________________________
o Water exists in 3 phases: solid, liquid, and gas _____________________________
o Almost everything in his surroundings is wet _____________________________
2. Anaximander _____________________________
• Added the element of fire to the existing elements _____________________________
• Organisms originated from “aperion” (indefinite substance) _____________________________
3. Anaximenes _____________________________
• Air _____________________________
4. Empedocles _____________________________
• Organisms originated from a mixture of the elements _____________________________
5. Anaxagoras _____________________________
• Believed that there are other worlds existing beyond earth inhabited by beings _____________________________
just like ourselves _____________________________
_____________________________
SECTION 3: BIRTH OF THE UNIVERSE _____________________________
_____________________________
Cosmology is the study of the universe, including its properties, structure, and _____________________________
evolution. _____________________________
_____________________________
A. Big Bang Theory _____________________________
• Coined by Georges Lemaitre _____________________________
_____________________________
• The Big Bang Principles are as follows:
_____________________________
o Big Bang is the expansion of space.
Page 2 of 9 _____________________________
Earth and Life Science: Introduction to Earth & Life Science, Universe, and Solar System
This material is solely for personal and classroom use of students from Grade 11 Block 13, 5, 19, 32, and 18, _____________________________
SY 2025-2026. Redistribution of this material or any content of this lecture notes, in any form, is strictly _____________________________
prohibited. _____________________________
Further, the information contained in this reviewer is for general information purposes only. Any reliance
you place on this material is strictly at your own risk.
_____________________________
 ACLC College of Tacloban
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL (SCIENCE DEPARTMENT)
REVIEW AND LECTURE NOTES IN EARTH (AND LIFE) SCIENCE
Prepared by: Marian Batuhan
You may write additional notes here.
o As the universe expands, it cools. _____________________________
o The more energetic the particles are, the higher temperature it will _____________________________
be. _____________________________
o The identity of an element is determined based on the number of _____________________________
protons it contains. _____________________________
• The Universe began 10-15 billion years ago, when a primordial explosion _____________________________
called the Big Bang occurred. _____________________________
• The first three minutes after, great quantities of hydrogen and helium _____________________________
were created, spanning apart at great speeds. _____________________________
• About 3 million years later huge clouds, stretching 500 million light years _____________________________
across, began to condense. _____________________________
• After about 200 million years, these condensations formed the first _____________________________
galaxies—the birthplace of the stars and of elements heavier than hydrogen _____________________________
and helium. _____________________________
• The universe today is the remnant of the Big Bang. The Big Bang marked the _____________________________
birth of the universe, all matter and space were created instantaneously. _____________________________
_____________________________
B. Creationist Theory _____________________________
_____________________________
This theory states that a Supreme Being created the whole universe out of nothing.
_____________________________
The proof can be read in the Holy Bible stipulating that God created the heavens
_____________________________
and the earth including man.
_____________________________
_____________________________
C. Oscillating Universe Theory
_____________________________
This theory was proposed by a Russian-born US cosmologist George Gamow who
_____________________________
helped explain the Big Bang Theory. He said that the expansion of the universe will
_____________________________
eventually come to a halt then it collapses up to the time that the universe will
_____________________________
return to its original form and another Big Bang will occur. This process will happen
_____________________________
as a cycle. _____________________________
_____________________________
D. Steady-State Theory _____________________________
This theory states that the universe has always been the same since the beginning _____________________________
and will remain in its present state until eternity. It further claims that new galaxies _____________________________
appear as a result of the drifting apart of other galaxies. _____________________________
_____________________________
SECTION 4: ORIGIN OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM _____________________________
_____________________________
E. NEBULAR HYPOTHESIS _____________________________
-proposed by Marquis de Laplace, a French astronomer, in 1796 _____________________________
_____________________________
1. That the solar system evolved from a slowly rotating gaseous cloud. _____________________________
2. As it cooled by radiation and contracted, it rotated faster and faster, _____________________________
causing the gas to take a disk-like form. _____________________________
3. At a certain speed the gravitational attraction could no longer hold _____________________________
the outer material to the central mass, and it broke into a ring. This _____________________________
material condensed and formed a planet. _____________________________
4. The process continued, forming planets at various distances from _____________________________
the sun. The moons around the planets were formed by the same _____________________________
process. _____________________________
Page 3 of 9 _____________________________
Earth and Life Science: Introduction to Earth & Life Science, Universe, and Solar System
This material is solely for personal and classroom use of students from Grade 11 Block 13, 5, 19, 32, and 18, _____________________________
SY 2025-2026. Redistribution of this material or any content of this lecture notes, in any form, is strictly _____________________________
prohibited. _____________________________
Further, the information contained in this reviewer is for general information purposes only. Any reliance
you place on this material is strictly at your own risk.
_____________________________
 ACLC College of Tacloban
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL (SCIENCE DEPARTMENT)
REVIEW AND LECTURE NOTES IN EARTH (AND LIFE) SCIENCE
Prepared by: Marian Batuhan
You may write additional notes here.
SECTION 5: THE PLANETS OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM _____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
• Planets are classified into two groups: the terrestrial and the jovian. _____________________________
• The four planets closest to the Sun are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. Each _____________________________
has a solid mineral-containing crust and Earth-like composition, which is why _____________________________
they are called terrestrial. They are also considered as inner planets. _____________________________
• The jovian planets are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. The term jovian _____________________________
came from Jupiter, describing the other gas giants in the solar system as Jupiter- _____________________________
like. They are also considered as the outer planets. _____________________________
• Pluto is not included in either category because of its great distance and small size. _____________________________
_____________________________
A. The Inner Planets of the Solar System _____________________________
Characteristics of Inner Planets: _____________________________
▪ They are made up mostly of rock and metal. _____________________________
▪ They are very heavy. _____________________________
▪ They move slowly in space. _____________________________
▪ They have no rings and few moons (if any). _____________________________
▪ They have a diameter of less than 13,000 km. _____________________________
_____________________________
1. Mercury _____________________________
⎯ Discovery: Known to the ancient Greeks and visible to the naked eye _____________________________
⎯ Named for the messenger of the Roman gods _____________________________
⎯ Closest planet to the sun _____________________________
_____________________________
⎯ Smallest planet in the solar system
_____________________________
⎯ Orbit: 88 Earth days ; Day: 58.6 Earth days
_____________________________
⎯ Moons: 0
_____________________________
⎯ Atmosphere: thin (O2, Na, H, He, K) _____________________________
2. Venus _____________________________
⎯ Discovery: Known to the ancient Greeks and visible to the naked eye _____________________________
⎯ Named for the Roman goddess of love and beauty _____________________________
⎯ Hottest planet in the solar system _____________________________
_____________________________
Page 4 of 9 _____________________________
Earth and Life Science: Introduction to Earth & Life Science, Universe, and Solar System
This material is solely for personal and classroom use of students from Grade 11 Block 13, 5, 19, 32, and 18, _____________________________
SY 2025-2026. Redistribution of this material or any content of this lecture notes, in any form, is strictly _____________________________
prohibited. _____________________________
Further, the information contained in this reviewer is for general information purposes only. Any reliance
you place on this material is strictly at your own risk.
_____________________________
 ACLC College of Tacloban
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL (SCIENCE DEPARTMENT)
REVIEW AND LECTURE NOTES IN EARTH (AND LIFE) SCIENCE
Prepared by: Marian Batuhan
You may write additional notes here.
⎯ often the first star-like object to appear after the Sun goes down hence, _____________________________
it is often called the "evening star" during March and April or the _____________________________
"morning star" during September and October _____________________________
⎯ regarded as “Earth’s Twin” _____________________________
⎯ Orbit: 225 Earth days ; Day: 241 Earth days _____________________________
⎯ Retrograde rotation; slowest spinning planet _____________________________
⎯ Moons: 0 _____________________________
⎯ Atmosphere: sulfuric acid & CO _____________________________
⎯ has been very active volcanically _____________________________
⎯ surface temperature can reach 480°C and the atmosphere consists of _____________________________
carbon monoxide _____________________________
3. Earth _____________________________
_____________________________
⎯ Name: “Die Erde” = “the ground”
_____________________________
⎯ the “blue planet”, with more water surface than land
_____________________________
⎯ 71% water (96.5% oceans & 3.5% freshwater)
_____________________________
⎯ Giant Impact Theory: Over 4.5 bya, “Theia”, an object about the size of _____________________________
Mars, collided with earth to create a tilted axis (23.5 degrees) _____________________________
⎯ Orbit: 365 days, 5 hours, 48 mins, and 46 seconds ; Day: 23 hours, 56 _____________________________
mins _____________________________
⎯ Moons: 1 _____________________________
⎯ Tilt: 23.5 degrees _____________________________
⎯ Atmosphere: N & O2 _____________________________
⎯ temperature extremes of day and night are conducive to life _____________________________
_____________________________
4. Mars _____________________________
⎯ Discovery: known to the ancient Greeks and visible to the naked eye _____________________________
⎯ “Red Planet” _____________________________
⎯ Named for the Roman God of War _____________________________
⎯ Orbit: 687 Earth days ; Day: 24 hours, 37 minutes _____________________________
_____________________________
⎯ Moons: 2 - Phobos, the inner moon, and Deimos, the outer moon
_____________________________
⎯ a little more than half the Earth's size; its mass is about 1/9 that of the
_____________________________
Earth and it has a core, mantle and crust as well as a thin atmosphere
_____________________________
⎯ Scientists found evidence that there were once lakes in some Martian
_____________________________
craters but now it is a dry and desolated planet
_____________________________
_____________________________
B. The Outer Planets of the Solar System _____________________________
Characteristics of Outer Planets _____________________________
▪ They are made up mostly of gases (primarily hydrogen & helium). _____________________________
▪ They are very light for their size. _____________________________
▪ They move quickly in space. _____________________________
▪ They have rings and many moons. _____________________________
▪ They have a diameter of 49,000 km or greater _____________________________
_____________________________
1. Jupiter _____________________________
⎯ Discovery: Known to the ancient Greeks and visible to the naked eye _____________________________
⎯ Name: Ruler of the Roman Gods _____________________________
⎯ Great Red Spot _____________________________
Page 5 of 9 _____________________________
Earth and Life Science: Introduction to Earth & Life Science, Universe, and Solar System
This material is solely for personal and classroom use of students from Grade 11 Block 13, 5, 19, 32, and 18, _____________________________
SY 2025-2026. Redistribution of this material or any content of this lecture notes, in any form, is strictly _____________________________
prohibited. _____________________________
Further, the information contained in this reviewer is for general information purposes only. Any reliance
you place on this material is strictly at your own risk.
_____________________________
 ACLC College of Tacloban
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL (SCIENCE DEPARTMENT)
REVIEW AND LECTURE NOTES IN EARTH (AND LIFE) SCIENCE
Prepared by: Marian Batuhan
You may write additional notes here.
⎯ Largest Planet in the Solar System _____________________________
⎯ Orbit: 11.9 Earth Years Day: 9.8 Earth hours _____________________________
⎯ Moons: 79 (53 confirmed, 26 provisional) –Ganymede (largest in the _____________________________
solar system) _____________________________
⎯ Ammonia ice, ammonium hydrosulfide crystals, ice, water vapor _____________________________
_____________________________
2. Saturn _____________________________
⎯ Discovery: Known to the ancient Greeks and visible to the naked eye _____________________________
⎯ Name: Roman God of agriculture _____________________________
⎯ Orbit: 29.5 Earth Years Day: 10.5 Earth hours _____________________________
⎯ Moons: 82 (53 confirmed, 29 provisional) _____________________________
_____________________________
⎯ Atmosphere: H & He
_____________________________
⎯ its rings lie in a plane coincident with Saturn's equator
_____________________________
⎯ has four major rings and hundreds of ringlets
_____________________________
⎯ its rings consist of three bands, the middle ring is the brightest _____________________________
⎯ has some 23 moons beyond its ring. The largest is Titan which is 1.6 _____________________________
times larger than our moon. _____________________________
_____________________________
3. Uranus _____________________________
⎯ Discovery: 1781 by William Herschel _____________________________
⎯ Name: for the personification of heaven in ancient myth _____________________________
⎯ Orbit: 84 Earth Years Day: 18 Earth hours _____________________________
⎯ Moons: 27 _____________________________
⎯ Rings: 13 _____________________________
⎯ Hydrogen Sulfide _____________________________
⎯ Atmosphere: methane _____________________________
⎯ Greatest tilt _____________________________
_____________________________
4. Neptune _____________________________
_____________________________
⎯ Discovery: mathematical computation” (Alexis Bouvard & Johann
_____________________________
Galle)
_____________________________
⎯ Name: Roman God of Water
_____________________________
⎯ the coldest planet in the solar system (-346 degree Fahrenheit)
_____________________________
⎯ “Twin planet of Uranus” _____________________________
⎯ “the giant, stormy blue planet” _____________________________
⎯ Orbit: 165 Earth Years Day: 19 Earth hours _____________________________
⎯ Moons: 14 _____________________________
⎯ Neptune and Uranus are like twins, similar in size, and appear green due _____________________________
to methane in their atmosphere _____________________________
⎯ Urbans Leverrier and S.C. Adams predicted the position of Neptune _____________________________
_____________________________
****Pluto _____________________________
⎯ In August 24, 2006, Pluto was no longer included in the solar system as _____________________________
a planet because of its size and distance from the sun _____________________________
⎯ its rotational period is 6.4 days and it has a moon named Charon _____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
Page 6 of 9 _____________________________
Earth and Life Science: Introduction to Earth & Life Science, Universe, and Solar System
This material is solely for personal and classroom use of students from Grade 11 Block 13, 5, 19, 32, and 18, _____________________________
SY 2025-2026. Redistribution of this material or any content of this lecture notes, in any form, is strictly _____________________________
prohibited. _____________________________
Further, the information contained in this reviewer is for general information purposes only. Any reliance
you place on this material is strictly at your own risk.
_____________________________
 ACLC College of Tacloban
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL (SCIENCE DEPARTMENT)
REVIEW AND LECTURE NOTES IN EARTH (AND LIFE) SCIENCE
Prepared by: Marian Batuhan
You may write additional notes here.
o Charon has a period of 6.4 days. Its distance from the sun is so _____________________________
great that from Pluto's surface the sun would appear as an _____________________________
ordinary star _____________________________
o Requirements to be labeled as a planet: _____________________________
▪ is in orbit around the sun _____________________________
▪ has sufficient mass for its gravity to overcome rigid _____________________________
forces to assume its round shape _____________________________
▪ cleared its neighborhood around its orbit _____________________________
_____________________________
SECTION 6: OTHER MEMBERS OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM
_____________________________
_____________________________
1. Asteroids _____________________________
⎯ The large gap between Mars and Jupiter is populated by thousands of _____________________________
small rocky bodies called asteroids _____________________________
⎯ Asteroids are thought to have failed to become a planet during the _____________________________
formation of the solar system. _____________________________
⎯ Many asteroids circle the sun, others do not. _____________________________
o Hermes is the closest asteroid to the Earth. _____________________________
o Vesta is the only asteroid which can be seen by the naked eyes. _____________________________
Vesta is also the home of Rheasilvia, one of the tallest volcanoes _____________________________
in the solar system. _____________________________
o Ceres is the largest asteroid. _____________________________
_____________________________
2. Meteoroid, Meteor, and Meteorite _____________________________
⎯ Asteroids which are smaller than a few hundred kilometers are called _____________________________
meteoroids. _____________________________
⎯ A meteor is a streaking light which lasts for a few seconds. We see it as _____________________________
a "shooting star". A meteor is a meteoroid that strikes the earth's _____________________________
atmosphere usually at an altitude of about 80 kilometers. It is heated _____________________________
white hot by friction with the atmosphere and is seen as a flash of light, _____________________________
sometimes called a "falling star". Any meteor that survives the decent _____________________________
through the atmosphere and reaches the ground is called a meteorite. _____________________________
⎯ The same body we see in the night sky is called meteoroid when it is _____________________________
far from the earth, meteor when it is traveling through the Earth's _____________________________
atmosphere, and meteorite when it reaches the ground. _____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
3. Comet
_____________________________
⎯ The term comet was derived from the Greek word meaning "long-
_____________________________
haired". It is small body of rock, iron, ice, and gases that orbit the sun in
_____________________________
elliptical orbits. It is composed of a nucleus which looks like a dirty
_____________________________
snowball called coma and a long tail of vaporized gases (water,
_____________________________
ammonia, methane, and carbon dioxide), dust and debris.
_____________________________
⎯ Comets are the most spectacular bodies in the solar system. They are _____________________________
visible only when they are within the orbits of Saturn. _____________________________
⎯ Comets appear big as they approach the sun because solar energy _____________________________
vaporizes the frozen gases. A comet revolves around the sun in either _____________________________
the Kuiper belt or Oort cloud. _____________________________
o The Kuiper belt is an area outside the orbit of Pluto. _____________________________
Page 7 of 9 _____________________________
Earth and Life Science: Introduction to Earth & Life Science, Universe, and Solar System
This material is solely for personal and classroom use of students from Grade 11 Block 13, 5, 19, 32, and 18, _____________________________
SY 2025-2026. Redistribution of this material or any content of this lecture notes, in any form, is strictly _____________________________
prohibited. _____________________________
Further, the information contained in this reviewer is for general information purposes only. Any reliance
you place on this material is strictly at your own risk.
_____________________________
 ACLC College of Tacloban
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL (SCIENCE DEPARTMENT)
REVIEW AND LECTURE NOTES IN EARTH (AND LIFE) SCIENCE
Prepared by: Marian Batuhan
You may write additional notes here.
oOort cloud is a sphere beyond the orbit of Uranus. Because _____________________________
comets follow a path, we can see them from time to time. _____________________________
⎯ Halley's comet, one of the most famous comet, appears every 76 years. _____________________________
It appeared last 1986 and will reappear in 2061. _____________________________
_____________________________
4. Sun _____________________________
⎯ The principal source of heat _____________________________
⎯ Revolves and rotates _____________________________
⎯ Perihelion - sun is closest to the earth _____________________________
⎯ Aphelion - sun is farthest from the earth _____________________________
⎯ Heliocentric model: The Sun is at the center of the solar system. _____________________________
o Believers include: Aristarchus, Copernicus, and Galileo _____________________________
o Giordano Bruno was executed for proposing that the sun is the _____________________________
center of the solar system _____________________________
▪ Geocentric model: by Anaximander, Plato, and _____________________________
Aristotle; is a failed hypothesis which states that the _____________________________
_____________________________
Earth is at a fixed position in the universe with all
_____________________________
heavenly bodies orbiting it. Additionally, the Greek
_____________________________
geocentric model suggested that the universe was finite
_____________________________
and that beyond the celestial sphere, the furthest entity
_____________________________
from Earth which contained the stars, was heaven.
_____________________________
5. Moon
_____________________________
⎯ Artificial satellite of earth
_____________________________
⎯ Revolves and rotates _____________________________
⎯ Discovered by Thomas Harriot (Galileo 1609 but Harriot ¾ yrs after) _____________________________
⎯ Named Selene by Greeks and Luna by Romans (light, brightness, or _____________________________
gleam) _____________________________
⎯ Gravitational pull: 1/6 of the earth _____________________________
⎯ Size: ¼ of the earth’s _____________________________
⎯ Rotation: slowly on its axis, once every 27 days _____________________________
⎯ Number of phases:8 (repeats every 29.5 days) _____________________________
⎯ ECLIPSES: _____________________________
o Lunar eclipse: earth’s shadow fall on the moon (S-E-M) _____________________________
o Solar Eclipse: Moon’s shadow fall on the earth (S-M-E) _____________________________
⎯ Perigee: moon closest to the earth _____________________________
⎯ Apogee: moon farthest from the earth _____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
Page 8 of 9 _____________________________
Earth and Life Science: Introduction to Earth & Life Science, Universe, and Solar System
This material is solely for personal and classroom use of students from Grade 11 Block 13, 5, 19, 32, and 18, _____________________________
SY 2025-2026. Redistribution of this material or any content of this lecture notes, in any form, is strictly _____________________________
prohibited. _____________________________
Further, the information contained in this reviewer is for general information purposes only. Any reliance
you place on this material is strictly at your own risk.
_____________________________
 ACLC College of Tacloban
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL (SCIENCE DEPARTMENT)
REVIEW AND LECTURE NOTES IN EARTH (AND LIFE) SCIENCE
Prepared by: Marian Batuhan
You may write additional notes here.
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
Page 9 of 9 _____________________________
Earth and Life Science: Introduction to Earth & Life Science, Universe, and Solar System
This material is solely for personal and classroom use of students from Grade 11 Block 13, 5, 19, 32, and 18, _____________________________
SY 2025-2026. Redistribution of this material or any content of this lecture notes, in any form, is strictly _____________________________
prohibited. _____________________________
Further, the information contained in this reviewer is for general information purposes only. Any reliance
you place on this material is strictly at your own risk.
_____________________________