Week 2 – Essentials of Geometry Unit
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Geometric Vocabulary
A ________________ is the basic unit of geometry. It has no _______________ and can be
named using a single capital letter.
A ________________ has one dimension. It is represented by a line with 2 arrowheads.
The _________________ show that the line extends without end in both directions. A line
can be named with a single lowercase script letter or by two points on the
line.
This line can be called ¿¿
Points that lie on the same line are called
__________________________________________________________.
A _______________________ is a flat surface that extends without end in all directions.
For any three noncollinear points, there is only one plane that contains all three points. A
plane can be named with a single uppercase script letter or by three noncollinear points.
This plane could be named
_______________________________________________
Points that lie on the same plane are called
________________________________
____________________. Otherwise, they are _________________________________.
Example:
a. Give 2 other names for ´
AB
b. Give 2 other names for plane R
c. Name 3 points that are collinear
d. Name 4 points that are coplanar
e. Name 2 points that are noncoplanar
A _______________________________ or just
____________________ consists of two endpoints and all points
in between.
These segments can be
named
_________________________
A _________ consists of one endpoint and all points in one direction.
Note that ⃗AB and ⃗ BA are _______________ the same
ray.
An _______________________________ of two figures is the set of points that they have in
common.
• points intersect anything at that ONE point
• two lines intersect at ONE point
• lines intersect planes either at ONE point (if they go through the plane) or the
whole line (if they are in the plane)
• two planes intersect at a line
_____________________________________ – Points on a line can be matched one to one with
real numbers. The real number that corresponds to a point is called the
______________________________ of the point.
Copying a segment without a ruler:
We know from last week that you can add the lengths of segments to determine the
length of larger segments – or use the length of a longer segment to find the lengths of
each of its parts.
Example:
Find GH
The __________________________________ of a segment is the point that divides the segment
into two congruent or equal segments (halves).
A _____________________________________________ is a point, ray, line, line
segment, or plane that intersects the segment at its midpoint.
Example
In the skateboard design, VW bisects XY at point T, and XT = 39.9 cm.
Find XY.
Another Example
If M is the midpoint of VW, what is the length of VM?
Another Example
Point M is the midpoint on segment PQ. If PM = 23x + 5 and MP = 25x – 4, find the
length of segment PQ.
_______________________ are two rays with a common end point.
The rays are the ______________________, the endpoint is the
_______________________.
We can call this __________________________ where A is the vertex.
______________________________________________ - To measure angles, we use a protractor.
When you line up one side of the angle with the bottom of the protractor, the second
side, or ray, can be matched with real numbers from 0 to 180.
• ________________________ Angle: angle between 0 & 90
• ________________________ Angle: angle equal to 90
• ________________________ Angle: angle between 90 & 180
• ________________________ Angle: angle equal to 180
Copying an angle without a protractor:
We know that we can use the Angle Addition Postulate to find missing values and angle
measures when you know some of the measurements of adjacent angles.
Example
Given that the m∠LKN = 145o find m ∠LKM and m ∠
MKN.
You try…
Two angles that have the same measure are called ________________________ angles.
An __________________________________________ is a ray that divides an angle into two
angles that are congruent.
⃗
YW bisects ∠XYZ so m∠XYW = m ∠WYZ
Example:
m ∠XYW = 18o find m ∠XYZ
Constructing an Angle Bisector
More Special Angle Pairs
We have looked at special pairs of angles (complementary and supplementary) that are
special because of their values when added together – they may or may not be
______________________________. But there are other types of special angle pairs too!
Two adjacent angles are a _________________________________ if
their noncommon sides are opposite rays….AKA they are
adjacent supplementary angles.
Two angles are
______________________________________ if their sides form
two pairs of opposite rays – think opposite angles in a
pair of intersecting lines.
__________________________________ are vertical angles
__________________________________ are vertical angles
_____________________________________________:
Vertical angles are always congruent.
Given: ∠3 and ∠6 are vertical angles
Prove: ∠3 ≅ ∠6
Statement Justification
∠3 and ∠6 are vertical angles Given
Identifying Angle Pairs
1. Identify all linear pairs:
2. Identify all vertical angles:
Using Angle Pairs
Find x and y: