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Tutorial 7 PDF

This document is a tutorial sheet from the Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, focusing on topics in Linear Algebra and Differential Equations. It includes various exercises such as computing Wronskians, verifying solutions to differential equations, finding general solutions, and solving initial value problems. The document also explores concepts of linear independence and transformations in differential equations.

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6 views2 pages

Tutorial 7 PDF

This document is a tutorial sheet from the Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, focusing on topics in Linear Algebra and Differential Equations. It includes various exercises such as computing Wronskians, verifying solutions to differential equations, finding general solutions, and solving initial value problems. The document also explores concepts of linear independence and transformations in differential equations.

Uploaded by

lavazgaming64
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

MA-1-02 (TO): Linear Algebra and Differential Equations

©Indian Institute of Technology Jammu


Tutorial sheet-VII
March 10, 2026

1. Compute the Wronskians of the given set of functions.

(i) {ex , ex sin x}.


(ii) {x1/2 , x−1/3 }.
(iii) {x log |x|, x2 log |x|}.

2. Consider the DE
(x2 − 1)y ′′ + 4xy ′ + 2y = 0.

(i) Verify that y1 = 1/(x − 1) and y2 = 1/(x + 1) are solutions of the given DE on
R − {±1} and find the general solution.
(ii) Find the solution with initial conditions y(0) = 5, y ′ (0) = 1. What is the
interval of validity of this solution?

3. Find the general solution of

y (4) − 5y (3) + 6y (2) + 4y ′ − 8y = 0.

4. Let y1 (x) be a non-trivial solution of

d2 y dy
+ a(x) + b(x)y = 0.
dx2 dx
Show that the transformation y = y1 (x)v reduces the given differential equation to
a first-order homogeneous linear differential equation in the independent variable
dv
w = dx .

5. Given one solution y1 , find other solution y2 such that {y1 , y2 } is linearly independent
set:

(i) y ′′ − 6y ′ + 9y = 0; y1 = e3x .
(ii) x2 y ′′ − xy ′ + y = 0; y1 = x.
(iii) (x2 − 4)y ′′ + 4xy ′ + 2y = 0; y1 = 1/(x − 2).

6. Consider the two functions y1 (x) = x3 and y2 (x) = x2 |x| on the interval [−1, 1].

(i) Show that the Wronskian W (y1 , y2 ) vanishes identically.

1
(ii) Show that y1 and y2 are linearly independent.
(iii) Can y1 and y2 be two solutions of a second order differential equation y ′′ +
py ′ + qy = 0 where p, q are continuous functions in [−1, 1].

7. Solve the following initial value problem.

y ′′ − 6y ′ + 25y = 0; y(0) = −3, y ′ (0) = −1.

8. Consider the differential equation

d2 y dy
x2 2
− 2x + 2y = 0.
dx dx
(a) Show that x and x2 are linearly independent solutions of this equation on the
interval (0, ∞).
(b) Write the general solution of the given equation.
(c) Find the solution that satisfies the condition y(1) = 3, y ′ (1) = 2. Explain why
this solution is unique. Over what interval is the solution defined?

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