STORAGE
DEVICES
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Storage
• Primary storage • Secondary storage
– Volatile – Nonvolatile
– Temporary – Permanent
• It loses all of its contents – Writing : is the process
when power to the system
unit is shut off. of saving information.
– Reading: is the process
of accessing information.
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Secondary storage characteristics
Media ( actual physical material that holds the data and
programs, Example: CD).
Capacity( measured how much a particular storage medium can
hold)
Storage devices (are hardware that reads data and program from storage
media)
Access speed ( measures the amount of time required by storage device to
retrieve data and program).
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Secondary Storage
Devices
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Floppy Disks
• Diskettes
• Flexible disk and Floppies
The plastic disk inside the diskette cover is flexible
Traditional Floppy • Portable storage media
Disk • Floppy disk drives (FDD)
Store data and programs by altering the electromagnetic
charges on the
Disk surface to represent ones and zeroes.
Characters are represented by positive + and –
charges using ASCII code.
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Traditional Floppy Diskette
3.5 inch, 1.44 MB
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Types of Floppies
• High capacity
• Known as a floppy-disk cartridge
• Require special disk drives
• Three well known types
– Zip disks (Iomega)
100MB, 250MB, 750MB
– HiFD disks (Sony)
200MB, 720MB, read and store data on 1.44MB disk
– SuperDisks (Imation)
240MB, 120MB
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Zip disks (Iomega)
HiFD disks
(Sony)
SuperDisks (Imation)
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Hard Disks
• Use thicker, metallic platters for storage
• Faster than a floppy diskette
• Large capacity
• Sensitive instruments
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Materials that Cause a
Head Crash
A head crash occurs when a read/write head makes
contact with the hard disk’s surface or with
particles on its surface.
Three types of HD
Internal H.D
H.D Cartridge.
H.D Pack.
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Internal Hard Disk
• Located inside system unit
• Known as a fixed disk
• Designated as the C drive
• Advantages over floppies
– Access speed
– Capacity
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Hard-Disk Cartridges
• Removable hard disks
• Used to complement
internal hard disk
• Capacities of 10 to 20 GB
PC Card Hard Disks
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Peerless Disk
PC Card Hard Disks
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Hard-Disk Packs
• Removable
• Massive storage capacity
• Common in mainframes
• Used in Banks and credit cards companies.
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Actual HD Pack
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Performance Enhancements
• Disk caching
• Redundant arrays of
inexpensive disks (RAID)
expanding external storage
several hard disk drives are connected to one
another.
• File compression
and decompression
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Optical Disks
• Compact
• Permanent storage
• Optical disk use reflected light.
• The 1s and 0s are represented by flat areas called
lands and bumpy areas called pits.
• Two common types
– CD ( 650 MB to 1GB)
– DVD ( 4.7 GB to 17 GB)
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Compact Disc
• Optical format
• From 650 MB to 1 GB capacity
• Rotation speeds vary
It determines how fast data can be transferred from the CD
24X or 24- speed CD drive can transfer 3.6 MB per second.
• Types
– Read only: CD-ROM
– Write once: CD-R
– Rewriteable: CD-RW
– Picture CDs and Photo CDs
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Digital Versatile Disc
• Digital Versatile Disk or Digital Video Disk (DVD)
• Similar to CDs, but can store more data
• Types
– Read only
– Write once
– Rewritable
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DataPlay
CD-R
• Optical disk
• Write once format
• Quarter size
– 500 MB capacity
– Holds 5 hours of CD-quality
sound
• Use for storing and playing
music files
– Data play format ( search
for it)
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Other Types of Secondary Storage
• Solid-state storage
• Internet hard drives
• Magnetic tape
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Solid-State Storage
• Flash memory cards
– Widely used in notebook computers
– Used to record MP3 music files
• Key chain hard drives
– Key chain flash memory devices
– Connects to a USB port
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Internet Hard Drives
Special service sites on
the WEB provide users
With storage
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Magnetic Tape
• External storage
• Provides sequential access
– Information stored in sequence
– Slower than disks which provide
direct access
• Magnetic tape streamers or tape
cartridges used by both mainframes
and microcomputers
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Magnetic Tape
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A Look to the Future
Blu-Ray Technology
• New standard in storage
• Blu-Ray
– New disks use blue laser light instead of the red
laser light used in traditional CD players
– Disks may ultimately hold
• Over 30GB on one-sided disks
• Over 50GB on two-sided disks
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