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The document outlines the construction of a two-way set associative cache memory with a block size of 4 words and a total capacity of 2048 words. It details the pertinent information needed for the cache, including the number of blocks, sets, and address format, as well as the size of the cache memory, which is approximately 8.5 KB including tag and valid bits. The main memory size is specified as 128 K × 32 bits, requiring a 17-bit address format.

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23 views2 pages

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The document outlines the construction of a two-way set associative cache memory with a block size of 4 words and a total capacity of 2048 words. It details the pertinent information needed for the cache, including the number of blocks, sets, and address format, as well as the size of the cache memory, which is approximately 8.5 KB including tag and valid bits. The main memory size is specified as 128 K × 32 bits, requiring a 17-bit address format.

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hodpgcs
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© All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

A two way set assocaiative cache memory uses blocks of four words.

The cache can accommodate a total of


2048 words from the main memory. The main memory size is 128 K*32. (i) Formulate all pertinent information
required to construct the cache memory. (ii) What is the size of the cache memory.
ChatGPT said:
Below is the complete solution, step-by-step.

Given:
 2-way set associative cache
 Block size = 4 words
 Total cache capacity = 2048 words
 Main memory size = 128 K × 32 bits
Assume:
 “128 K × 32” = 128K words, each 32 bits.

(i) Pertinent Information Required Constructing the Cache


1. Cache Capacity
Total words in cache = 2048 words
2. Block Size
1 block = 4 words
3. Number of Blocks in Cache
Cache blocks=20484=512 blocks\text{Cache blocks} = \frac{2048}{4} = 512 \
text{ blocks}Cache blocks=42048=512 blocks
4. Degree of Associativity
2-way set associative → 2 blocks per set
5. Number of Sets in Cache
Number of sets=5122=256 sets\text{Number of sets} = \frac{512}{2} = 256 \text{ sets}Number of sets=2512
=256 sets
6. Main Memory Size
128K words
128K=131072 words=217 words128K = 131072 \text{ words} = 2^{17} \
text{ words}128K=131072 words=217 words
So memory address requires 17 bits (word addressing).

7. Address Format (Tag, Index, Block offset)


 Block offset bits
Block size=4 words=22⇒Offset=2 bits\text{Block size} = 4 \text{ words} = 2^2 \Rightarrow \text{Offset} =
2 \text{ bits}Block size=4 words=22⇒Offset=2 bits
 Index bits
Sets=256=28⇒Index=8 bits\text{Sets} = 256 = 2^8 \Rightarrow \text{Index} = 8 \
text{ bits}Sets=256=28⇒Index=8 bits
 Tag bits
Tag=17−(8+2)=7 bits\text{Tag} = 17 - (8 + 2) = 7 \text{ bits}Tag=17−(8+2)=7 bits

8. Final Address Format


| Tag (7 bits) | Index (8 bits) | Block Offset (2 bits) |

(ii) Size of the Cache Memory


Data Storage Size (words × word size)
2048 words×32 bits=65536 bits2048 \text{ words} \times 32 \text{ bits} = 65536 \
text{ bits}2048 words×32 bits=65536 bits
= 64 Kbits = 8 KB data capacity
Tag Storage (overhead)
Each block has:
 7-bit tag
 1 valid bit (usually)
Per block = 8 bits
Total tag storage:
512 blocks×8 bits=4096 bits512 \text{ blocks} \times 8 \text{ bits} = 4096 \
text{ bits}512 blocks×8 bits=4096 bits
= 512 bytes

Total Cache Size (data + tags)


 Data part = 8 KB
 Tag + valid bits ≈ 512 bytes ≈ 0.5 KB
Total cache size≈8.5 KB\text{Total cache size} \approx 8.5 \text{ KB}Total cache size≈8.5 KB
If only data size is asked → 8 KB

Final Answers
(i) Pertinent information:
 Block size: 4 words (2 offset bits)
 Total blocks in cache: 512
 Associativity: 2-way
 Number of sets: 256 (8 index bits)
 Main memory address size: 17 bits
 Tag size: 7 bits
 Address format: Tag (7) | Index (8) | Offset (2)
(ii) Cache memory size:
 Data size = 8 KB
 Including tag + valid bits ≈ 8.5 KB

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