MICRO PROJECT

On

“Smart College Bell Automation System Using Arduino”

In Partial fulfillment of Diploma in Computer Engineering

(IVth. Semester)

In the subject of
(MICRO-PROCESSOR)
Course Code: -314321
Submitted To

Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai

Under the guidance of
Lect. Vivek .Vadva

(Lecturer in Department of Computer Engineering)

Department of Computer Engineering
Government Polytechnic Arvi,
Dist.: Wardha (2025-26)
 Declaration
We undersigned hereby declare that the micro project report entitled
“Smart College Bell Automation System Using Arduino” Content is
the outcome of our own literature survey. We further declare that
the contents of this report are properly cited and well
acknowledged. This present report is not submitted to any other
examination of this or any other institute for the award of any
diploma.

Signature :

Place: Arvi
Date : / /2026

Government Polytechnic, Arvi

 Government Polytechnic, Arvi.
Department of Computer Engineering

Certificate

This is to certify that students whose name

below of Fourth Semester Diploma in
Computer Engineering has satisfactorily
completed the micro project entitled
“Smart College Bell Automation
System Using Arduino” for the academic
year 2025-2026 prescribed MSBTE
curriculum.
Group Project Members :

Roll Number Student Name Enrollment No

16 Shreya Dahiwade 24310250216
17 Jayashri Dewase 24310250217
18 Mukta Butte 24310250218
19 Rohini Pangare 24310250219
20 Premila Ambadare 24310250220
21 Riza Shaikh 24310250222
22 Shrihari Chavhan 24310250223
23 Sejal Sirsat 24310250224
24 Himanshu Bokey 24310250225
25 Piyush Motghare 24310250226

Subject Teacher Head of the Department Principal

Prof. V. Vadva Prof. M. P. Ganorkar [Link] Sir

Place : Arvi
Date : / / 2026
 CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. CIRCUIT DESIGM

3. HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION

4. SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION

5. SOURCR CODE
 ABSTRACT
Introduction:

The purpose of this project is to ring the bell in automatic mode for
schools and collagesusing microcontrollers , Real Time Module DSRTC
3231,Relay modules,LCD display(16x2),Push Bottons .

Project overview:

An embeddedsystem is a combination of software and hardware to

perform a dedicated [Link] of the main devices used in embedded
products are Microprocessors and Microcontrollers.

Microprocessors are commonly referred to as general purpose

processors as they simply accept the inputs, process it and give the output. In
order to, microcontroller not only accept the data as inputs but also
manipulates it, interfaces the data with various devices, control the data and
thus finally gives the data.

The “AUTOMATIC BELL USING ARDUINO UNO R3“ system for

indicating the completion of period is a reliable circuit that take over the
manual task of switch ON/OFF of the collage bell with respect to time it has an
inbuilt RTC which tracks the real time.
 CHAPTER - 2
CIRCUIT DAIAGRAM

In the circuit an Arduino UNO R3 is used as the platform. 4x4 matrix

keypad, Relay, LCD display, DS RTC 3231 and Buzzer is connected to
Arduino board.

4x4 matrix keypad has 8 data pins:-

• C4 pin is connected to D2.
• C3 pin is connected to D3.
• C2 pin is connected to D4.
• C1 pin is connected to D5.
• R4 pin is connected to D6.
• R3 pin is connected to D7.
• R2 pin is connected to D8.
• R1 pin is connected
to D9. Relay
 CHAPTER-3

HARDWARE COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION:

• Arduino UNO R3.

• DS RTC 3231 Module.
• LCD 16x2 Display.
• Relay module.
• 4x4 Matrix keypad.
• load (Bell).
. •Buzzer
. •Jumper wires.
• Power Cable.
• Adapter.
ARDUINO UNO
The Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller board based on the Microchip
ATmega328P microcontroller and developed by [Link]. The board is equipped with sets
of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins that may be interfaced to various expansion
boards (shields) and other circuits.] The board has 14 Digital pins,
6 Analog pins, and programmable with the Arduino IDE (Integrated Development
Environment) via a type B USB cable. It can be powered by the USB cable or by an external 9-
volt battery, though it accepts voltages between 7 and 20 [Link] word "Uno" means "one" in
Italian and was chosen to mark the initial release of the Arduino Software. The Uno board is
the first in a series of USB based Arduino boards, and it and version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE
were the reference versions of Arduino, now evolved to newer releases. The ATmega328 on
the board comes preprogrammed with a bootloader that allows uploading new code to it
without the use of an external hardware [Link] the Uno communicates using the
original STK500 protocol, it differs from all preceding boards in that it does not use the FTDI
USB-to-serial driver chip. Instead, it uses the Atmega16U2 (Atmega8U2 up to version R2)
programmed as a USB- to-serial converter.
 PIN SPECIFICATIONS OF ARDUINO
ARDUINO UNO R3

The pin configuration of the Arduino Uno is shown below. It comprises of eight
pins
where the function of each pin is discussed below.
•Vin: This is the input voltage pin of the Arduino board used to provide input
supply from an external power source.
• 5V: This pin of the Arduino board is used as a regulated power supply
voltage and it is used to give supply to the board as well as onboard
components.

• 3.3V: This pin of the board is used to provide a supply of 3.3V which
is generated from a voltage regulator on the board.

• GND: This pin of the board is used to ground the Arduino board. IoT
Framework for monitoring the condition of the Roads.

• Reset: This pin of the board is used to reset the microcontroller. It is used to Resets the
micro-controller
Analog Pins: The pins A0 to A5 are used as an analog input and it is in the range of 0-
5V. Digital Pins: The pins 0 to 13 are used as a digital input or output for the Arduino
board.

•Serial Pins: These pins are also known as a UART pin. It is used for
communication between the Arduino board and a computer or other devices.
The transmitter pin number 1 and receiver pin number 0 is used to transmit and
receive the data resp.

•External Interrupt Pins: This pin of the Arduino board is used to produce the
External interrupt and it is done by pin numbers 2 and 3.

• PWM Pins: This pin of the board is used to convert the digital signal into
an analog by varying the width of the Pulse. The pin numbers 3, 5, 6, 9, 10 and
11 are used as a PWM pin.
•
• LED Pin: The board has an inbuilt LED using digital pin-13. The LED glows
only when the digital pin becomes high.
•
• AREF Pin: This is an analog reference pin of the Arduino board. It is used
to provide a reference voltage from an external power supply.
Specifications of Arduino UNO R3

Benefits of The Proposed System

• Arduino Uno is used in Do-it-Yourself projects prototyping.
• In developing projects based on code-based control.
• Dvelopment of Automation System.
• Designing of basic circuit designs.
• Weighing Machines.
• Embedded Systems.
• Home Automation.
• Industrial Automation.
• Medical
Instrument. DS
RTC 3231
In today's world, time is everything, and when it comes to specific electronics,
timing is critical; just like us, humans, they also need a way to keep track of
time. So how do electronics do it? The answer is DS3231, a Real-Time Clock,
often known as an RTC, is a timekeeping device built into an Integrated Circuit,
or IC. It is used in many time-critical applications and devices, such as servers,
GPS, and data loggers.

The DS3231 is an I2C real-time clock (RTC) with an inbuilt temperature

compensated crystal oscillator (TCXO) and crystal that is both low-cost and
exceptionally precise. When the module's power is interrupted, the device has a
battery input and keeps a precise time.

The device's long-term precision is improved by the inclusion of the crystal

oscillator. The RTC keeps track of seconds, minutes, hours, days, dates, months,
and years. For months with less than 31 days, the date at the end of the month is
automatically modified, including leap year corrections.

The clock has an AM/PM indication and works in either a 24-hour or 12-hour
mode. Two programmable time-of-day alarms are included, as well as a
programmable square- wave output. An I2C bidirectional bus is used to
transport address and data serially.
DS3231 Module pinout
The DS3231 module has 6 pins to get data from the module and supply power
to the board. The pinout of DS3231 is as follows:-
When we probe the DS3231 Module’s 32k pin using an Oscilloscope, we get a
32kHz signal from the IC’s internal oscillator.

The relay uses an electric current to open or close the contacts of a switch. This is
usually done using the help of a coil that attracts the contacts of a switch and
pulls them together when activated, and a spring pushes them apart when the
coil is not energized. There are two advantages of this system – First, the
current required to activate the relay is much smaller than the current that relay
contacts are capable of switching, and second, the coil and the contacts are
galvanically isolated, meaning there is no electrical connection between them.
This means that the relay can be used to switch mains current through an
isolated low voltage digital system like DS3231 Module Parts

The key components of a typical DS3231 RTC Module board are the DS3231
IC and the AT24C32 EEPROM IC to store the time and date data. Other
components include a Power ON LED, a few resistors, capacitors, a battery
holder, and pins for connecting to the microcontroller.

When the main power to the module is stopped, the DS3231 contains a battery
input and maintains accurate time
charging the CR2032 non-rechargeable cell, the U4(220R) Resistor or D1
(1N4148) Diode should be desoldered.

•The temperature-compensated crystal oscillator (TCXO) in the DS3231 and

DS3234 fits the bill, with precision as good as ±2 ppm in temperatures
ranging from 0°C to
+40°C
•The DS3231 uses a CR2032 rechargeable cell but if one wants to use
a non- rechargeable cell, a minor modification is to be made to the module.
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)

Nowadays, we always use the devices which are made up of LCDs such as CD
players, DVD players, digital watches, computers, etc. These are commonly
used in the screen industries to replace the utilization of CRTs.

Cathode Ray Tubes use huge power when compared with LCDs, and CRTs
heavier as well as bigger. These devices are thinner as well power consumption
is extremely less. The LCD 16×2 working principle is, it blocks the light rather
than dissipate.
What is the LCD 16×2?
The term LCD stands for liquid crystal display. It is one kind of electronic
display module used in an extensive range of applications like various circuits
& devices like mobile phones, calculators, computers, TV sets, etc. These
displays are mainly preferred for multi-segment light-emitting diodes and seven
segments. The main benefits of using this module are inexpensive; simply
programmable, animations, and there are no limitations for displaying custom
characters, special and even animations, etc.

LD 16×2 Pin Diagram

Pin1 (Ground/Source Pin): This is a GND pin of display, used to connect the
GND terminal of the microcontroller unit or power source.

Pin2 (VCC/Source Pin): This is the voltage supply pin of the display, used to
connect the supply pin of the power source.

Pin3 (V0/VEE/Control Pin): This pin regulates the difference of the display,
used to connect a changeable POT that can supply 0 to 5V.

Pin4 (Register Select/Control Pin): This pin toggles among command or data
register, used to connect a microcontroller unit pin and obtains either 0 or 1(0 =
data mode, and 1 = command mode).

Pin5 (Read/Write/Control Pin): This pin toggles the display among the read or
writes operation, and it is connected to a microcontroller unit pin to get either 0
or 1 (0 = Write Operation, and 1 = Read Operation).

Pin 6 (Enable/Control Pin): This pin should be held high to execute Read/Write
process, and it is connected to the microcontroller unit & constantly held high.

Pins 7-14 (Data Pins) These pins are used to send data to the display. These pins
are connected in two-wire modes like 4-wire mode and 8-wire mode. In 4-wire
mode, only four pins are connected to the microcontroller unit like 0 to 3,
whereas in 8-wire mode, 8-pins are connected to microcontroller unit like 0 to
7.

Pin15 (+ve pin of the LED) This pin is connected

to +5V Pin 16 (-ve pin of the LED) This pin is
connected to GND.
Features of LCD16x2:
The features of this LCD mainly include the following.
• The operating voltage of this LCD is 4.7V-5.3V
• It includes two rows where each row can produce 16-characters.
• The utilization of current is 1mA with no backlight
• Every character can be built with a 5×8 pixel box
• The alphanumeric LCDs alphabets & numbers
• Is display can work on two modes like 4-bit & 8-bit
• These are obtainable in Blue & Green Backlight
• It displays a few custom generated
characters LCD 16×2 Arduino:
LCDs are used in a wide range of applications, including LCD televisions,
computer monitors, instrument panels, aircraft cockpit displays, and indoor and
outdoor signage. Small LCD screens are common in LCD projectors and
portable consumer devices such as digital cameras, watches, digital clocks,
calculators, and mobile telephones, including smartphones. LCD screens are
also used on consumer electronics products such as DVD players, video game
devices and clocks. LCD screens have replaced heavy, bulky cathode-ray tube
(CRT) displays in nearly all.
applications. LCD screens are available in a wider range of screen sizes than
CRT and plasma displays, with LCD screens available in sizes ranging from
tiny digital watches to very large television receivers.

Specifications:
Electrical characteristics:

Relay Module:
The features of 2-Channel Relay module:

• Good for safe control of higher amperage circuits. In power systems, the
lower current can control the higher one.
• 2-channel high voltage system output, meeting the needs of dual channel control.
• Brand new and high quality.
• Standard interface that can be controlled directly by microcontroller
(Arduino , 8051, AVR, PIC, DSP, ARM)]
• Wide range of controllable voltages.
• Being able to control high load current, which can reach 250V, 10A or 125V, 15A
• With a normally-open (NO) contact and a normally-closed (NC) contact.
• Around the board with 4 mounting holes, easy installation and fixing.
• It has a common end, a beginning, a closed-end.
Pin description:
• The above figure name is male to male jumper wires.
A jump wire (also known as jumper, jumper wire, DuPont wire) is an electrical
wire, or group of them in a cable, with a connector or pin at each end (or
sometimes without them – simply "tinned"), which is normally used to
interconnect the components of a breadboard or other prototype or test circuit,
internally or with other equipment or components, without [Link]
jump wires are fitted by inserting their "end connectors" into the slots provided
in a breadboard, the header connector of a circuit board, or a piece of test
equipment.

• The above figure name is male to male jumper wires.

Power adapter:
An AC adapter, AC/DC adapter, or AC/DC converter is a type of external
power supply, often enclosed in a case similar to an AC plug. Other common
names include plug pack, plug- in adapter, adapter block, domestic mains
adapter, line power adapter, wall wart, power brick, wall charger,and power
adapter. Adapters for battery-powered equipment
#include <Wire.h>
#include <RTClib.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>

RTC_DS3231 rtc;
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27,16,2);

#define BUZZER 2

#define BTN_UP 7
#define BTN_DOWN 6
#define BTN_LEFT 5
#define BTN_RIGHT 10

int alarmHour = -1;

int alarmMinute = -1;
bool alarmPM = false;
bool alarmEnabled = false;

void beepAlarm(){

for(int i=0;i<20;i++){
tone(BUZZER,1500);
delay(200);
noTone(BUZZER);
delay(150);
}

void setup(){

[Link]();
[Link]();

[Link]();
[Link]();

pinMode(BUZZER,OUTPUT);
 pinMode(BTN_UP,INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(BTN_DOWN,INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(BTN_LEFT,INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(BTN_RIGHT,INPUT_PULLUP);

[Link]();
[Link](0,0);
[Link]("Smart Alarm");
[Link](0,1);
[Link]("System ON");

delay(2000);
}

void showClock(){

DateTime now = [Link]();

int hour = [Link]();

int minute = [Link]();
int second = [Link]();

[Link](0,0);
[Link]("Time ");

if(hour<10) [Link]("0");
[Link](hour);
[Link](":");

if(minute<10) [Link]("0");
[Link](minute);
[Link](":");

if(second<10) [Link]("0");
[Link](second);

[Link](0,1);

if([Link]()<10) [Link]("0");
[Link]([Link]());
[Link]("/");
 if([Link]()<10) [Link]("0");
[Link]([Link]());
[Link]("/");

[Link]([Link]());
}

void setAlarm(){

int h = 6;
int m = 0;
bool pm = false;

int field = 0;

[Link]();
[Link]("Set Alarm");

while(true){

[Link](0,1);

if(h<10) [Link]("0");
[Link](h);
[Link](":");

if(m<10) [Link]("0");
[Link](m);

[Link](" ");

if(pm) [Link]("PM");
else [Link]("AM");

if(digitalRead(BTN_UP)==LOW){
delay(200);

if(field==0) h++;
if(field==1) m++;
if(field==2) pm=!pm;

if(h>12) h=1;
if(m>59) m=0;
}

if(digitalRead(BTN_DOWN)==LOW){
delay(200);

if(field==0) h--;
if(field==1) m--;

if(h<1) h=12;
if(m<0) m=59;
}

if(digitalRead(BTN_RIGHT)==LOW){
delay(300);
field++;

if(field>2){

alarmHour = h;
alarmMinute = m;
alarmPM = pm;
alarmEnabled = true;

[Link]();
[Link](0,0);
[Link]("Alarm Set");

[Link](0,1);

if(h<10) [Link]("0");
[Link](h);
[Link](":");

if(m<10) [Link]("0");
[Link](m);

if(pm) [Link](" PM");

else [Link](" AM");

delay(2000);

return;
}
 }

if(digitalRead(BTN_LEFT)==LOW){
delay(300);
return;
}
}
}

void checkAlarm(){

if(!alarmEnabled) return;

DateTime now = [Link]();

int h = [Link]();
int m = [Link]();

int alarmH = alarmHour;

if(alarmPM && alarmH < 12) alarmH += 12;

if(!alarmPM && alarmH == 12) alarmH = 0;

if(h == alarmH && m == alarmMinute){

[Link]();
[Link](0,0);
[Link]("ALARM RINGING");

beepAlarm();
}
}

void loop(){

showClock();
checkAlarm();

if(digitalRead(BTN_RIGHT)==LOW){
delay(300);
setAlarm();
}