BUILDING
TECHNOLOGY
Short metal "T" beam used in
CROSS TEE suspended ceiling systems to bridge
the spaces between the main beams.
PANTILE Roofing tile which has the shape of an
“S” laid on its side.
Clay roofing tile approximately semi
MISSION TILE cylindrical in shape laid in courses
with units having their convex side
alternately up and down.
Groove cut into a board or panel
DADO intended to receive the edge of a
connecting board.
FOUNDATION Part of the building foundation which
forms the permanent retaining wall of
WALL the structure below grade.
Part of a foundation system which
supports the exterior walls of a
GRADE BEAM superstructure and bears directly on
the column footing.
Black, tar like waterproofing material
DAMP PROOFING applied to the exterior of a
foundation wall.
BALLOON System of framing a building in which
the studs are continuous to roof
FRAMING supporting second floor joints.
System of framing a building on which
WESTERN floor joists of each storey rest on the
top plates of the storey below and the
FRAMING bearing walls and partitions rest on
the subfloor of each storey.
An exterior security lock installed on
exterior entry doors that can be
DEAD BOLT activated only with a key or thumb-
turn.
Rough plaster finish obtained by
TRYOLEAN FINISH flinging plaster on a wall with a hand
operated machine.
Principal member of the truss which
CHORD extends from one end to the other
primarily to resist bending.
Composition of two or more metals
ALLOY fused together usually to obtain a
desired property.
Horizontal distance from the face of
BACKSET a lock or latch to the center of the
knob or lock cylinder
Vertical members in a railing used
BALUSTER between a top rail and bottom rail or
the stair treads.
An iron alloy usually including carbon
and silicon which has high
CAST IRON compressive strength but low tensile
strength.
Ferrous metal that offers great
resistance to abrassion and finds
NICKEL STEEL important use in the cutting edges of
heavy digging tools.
Commercially pure iron of fibrous
WROUGHT IRON nature, valued for its corrosion
resistance and ductility.
Window or door in which two panes
DOUBLE GLASS of glass are used with a sealed air
space between.
FORTIFICATION The wall of Intramuros.
Concrete slab should have a minimum
15MM clearance.
Special type of plate girder consisting
HYBRID GIRDER of tees, angles and multiple web.
CANTILEVER Beam that projects beyond one or
both its support.
BEAM
Wall (bearing or non-bearing)
SHEAR WALL designed to resist lateral forces
parallel to the wall.
GLUING/ Modern method of installing wood
parquet flooring on wooden boards
PASTING sub-flooring.
0.90 M Standard height of window sills for
office rooms in upper floors.
Dimension of commercial acoustic
24" x 48" x 1/2" boards for aluminum T-runners used
for dropped-ceiling in office.
EAVES Horizontal exterior roof overhang.
POST- Structural method used for longer
span/ interval of columns.
TENSIONING
BUILDING PAPER
Humidification and condensation in
SHEATHING AND exterior walls are minimized by
providing: ___.
SPACE FILLED
Corrugated metal or concrete barrier
AREA WELLS walls installed around a basement
window to hold back the earth.
Type of slab when the ratio of short
ONE-WAY SLAB span to the long span of a slab is less
than 0.50.
FELT Tar paper. Installed under the roof
shingles.
Longitudinal beams which rest on the
PURLINS top chord and preferably at the joints
of the truss.
INFLECTION The section of which the moment
changes from positive to negative.
POINT
Narrow strip of wood applied to cover
BATTEN a joint along the edges of two parallel
boards in the same plane.
FISH PLATE OR A wood or plywood piece used to
fasten the ends of two members
GUSSET PLATE together at a butt joint with nails or
bolts.
POST- The stressing of unbounded tendons
after concrete has cured.
TENSIONING
The boxing in of covering a joist,
BEAM BLOCKING beam or girder to give the
appearance of a larger beam.
ATMOSPHERIC Pressure exerted against the
underground portion of a building
created by the presence of water in
PRESSURE the soil.
Window which projects outside the
main line of a building and the
BAY WINDOW compartment in which it is located
extends to the floor.
Joint employed to reduce restraint
CONTROL JOINTS by accommodating movement of
masonry walls.
EXPANSION Joint used for adjoining existing
building to new building.
JOINT
Joint formed when a concrete surface
COLD JOINT hardens before the next batch of
concrete is placed against it.
CONSTRUCTION Joint used when vertical and
horizontal surface is reinforced
concrete where concreting was
JOINT stopped and continued later.
Joint that is a straight groove which
is used on concrete floors to
CONTROL JOINT "control" where the concrete should
crack.
Joint formed by overlapping the
edges of metal sheet or plated and
LAP SEAM joining them by riveting, soldering or
brazing.
Interior paint that contains a high
FLAT PAINT proportion of pigment and dries to a
flat/ lusterless finish.
TRABE-ANZO Filipino term for horizontal stud.
SOLERAS Filipino term for floor joist.
VACIADA Filipino term for rabbet.
KUSTURADA Filipino term for plastered course
TIRANTE Filipino term for bottom chord
REOSTRA Filipino term for purlin.
ALERO Filipino term for eave.
TAHILAN Filipino term for top chord.
Filipino term for temper (metal
POLEVA chord).
HULOG Filipino term for plumb line.
BOLADA Filipino term for projection.
KILO Filipino term for rafter.
RODAPIS Filipino term for baseboard.
ASINTADA Filipino term for alignment.
BANIERA Filipino term for bath tub.
PIE DE GALLO Filipino term for brace.
PUNDIDO Filipino term for cast iron.
KONTRATISTA Filipino term for contractor.
TUBO DE
Filipino term for downspout.
BANADA
PLANTILYA Filipino term for pattern.
PAUPO Filipino term for mortar.
GANG NAIL A steel plate attached to both sides
at each joint of a truss.
PLATE
Climatic factor that is considered in
LIGHTNING the structural and architectural
design of tall buildings.
LATH AND
Dry walls are customarily finished.
PLASTER
The direction, size, arrangement,
GRAIN appearance, or quality of the fibers in
wood.
The most common materials used for
G.I. SHEETS roofing of urban residential houses.
Block or panel type insulating
CORKBOARD material used in flat roof of
commercial or industrial building.
1 1/2 CORR Standard size overlap for corrugated
G.I. roofing.
CHASE A continuous recess built into a wall to
receive pipes, ducts, etc.
Building stone of igneous origin and
SERPENTINE composed of quartz, hornblende and
mica.
Form of brick bond which is
ENGLISH BOND composed of alternating courses of
headers and stretchers.
RUNNING BOND Form of brick bond which is
composed entirely of stretchers.
COMMON BOND / Form of brick bond which is a
variation of a running bond with a full
course of headers at regular
AMERICAN BOND intervals.
FLEMISH BOND Form of brick bond in which each
course is alternately composed of
entirely of headers or of stretchers.
A notch cut in the end of a rafter to
HEEL CUT permit it to fit flat on a wall and on
the top, doubled, exterior wall plate.
SOIL BEARING A geological or ground condition
considered in determining the size
and type of foundation of the
PRESSURE building.
ALUMINUM FOIL Materials excellent as vapor barrier in
the roofing system of residential
SHEETS buildings.
REINFORCED
The chief structural materials, used
CONCRETE AND for tall buildings.
HIGH GRADE STEEL
Material that holds less moisture, is
ASBESTOS- very light, less water absorptive
capacity and is very good in sidings
CEMENT SHINGLES of dwelling units.
DOOR JAMB The finished frame surrounding a
door.
A door lock with a spring bolt
KNOB BOLT controlled by one or both knobs and
dead bolt controlled by a key.
Door consisting of two separate
leaves, one above the other, this
DUTCH DOOR leaves may operate independently or
together.
TORSION A twisting force.
The appearance concrete makes when
rocks in the concrete are visible and
HONEY COMBS where there are void areas in the
foundation wall, especially around
concrete foundation windows.
A barrier or diaphragm formed to
SHEET PILING prevent the movement of soil to
stabilize foundation.
WOOD SIDING Refers to the term stone-cut.
Standard concrete mix for beams,
AA girders, slabs, stairs and columns.
SPLIT-RING Chord splice connectors for trusses.
CLAMP NAIL A specialized fastener used to pull on
to hold mitered joints together.
Most waterproofed type of mortar
WEATHERED joints for wall.
HIP RAFTER Rafters laid diagonally from corner of
a plate or girts to the ridge.
The horizontal boards nailed to
corner post to assist in the accurate
BATTER BOARDS layout of foundation and excavation
lines.
COMPOSITE Columns in which a concrete core is
reinforced with a steel or cast-iron
core designed to support a part of
COLUMN load.
SPIRIT LEVEL Instrument or tool capable of vertical
and horizontal line check.
A three-dimensional structural
system without bearing walls
composed of interconnected
SPACE FRAME laterally supported so as to function
as a complete self-contained unit
with or without the aids of horizontal
diaphragms or floor-bracing system.
The metal latch plate in a door frame
KEEPER into which a doorknob plunger
latches.
The appropriate painting material
ZINC CHROMATE type for wood surfaces.
ALUMINUM Coating of commercially made
corrugated G.I. sheets, ga. 26, having
COATING standard corrugation.
7 & 6 WOOD
Wood flooring finishing material.
PLANKS
A common paint film defect where
CHALKING progressive powdering from the
surface inward occurs.
Time required for the removal of a
24 HOURS form works of a concrete footing.
STUDS Wall partition wooden framing.
ACRYLIC LATEX The appropriate paint material for
G.I. sheet roofing.
PAINT
The paint finishing material of long-
ACRYLIC PAINT span pre-painted roofing sheet.
Hardware used to fasten corrugated
L HOOK BOLT asbestos cement roofing sheet on a
steel purlin.
Hardware used to fasten an asphalt
STAPLE WIRE strip roof shingle on wooden
sheets/planks.
FLAT SLAB A type of concrete floor which has no
beam.
Tool used for guiding and testing the
LEVEL TOOL work to a vertical and horizontal
position.
STEEL SQUARE Tool for testing and for framing work.
RISER Vertical surface on face of a stair
step.
The complete records of test
conduction (slump, compression
test, etc.) shall be preserved and
2 YEARS made available for inspection during
the progress of construction and
after completion of the projects for a
period of not less than.
Nominal 1" - 2" thk members
COLLAR BEAM connecting opposite roof rafters to
stiffen the roof structure.
2" TO 5" Thickness of a wood plank.
RUN Distance from the first to the last
riser of a stair flight.
PORTABLE HAND A high-speed rotary shaping hand
power tool used to make smooth
ROUTER cutting and curving on solid wood.
AGGREGATE A mixture of sand and stone and a
major component of concrete.
GIRDER The major horizontal supporting
member of the floor system.
NONBEARING A wall supporting no load other than
its own weight.
WALL
LOAD BEARING A wall that support weight from
above as well as their own dead
WALL weight.
RETAINING WALL A wall that holds back on earth
embankment.
A wall which supports vertical loads
in addition to its weight without the
BEARING WALL benefit of a complete vertical load
carrying space frame.
FLOATING WALL A non-bearing wall built on a
concrete floor.
SHEAR WALL It is designed to resist lateral forces
parallel to the plane of the wall.
The occupancy load which either
LIVE LOAD partially or fully in place or may not
be present at all.
EFFECTIVE Distance between inflection point in
the column when it breaks.
LENGTH
The most important component to
CEMENT determine the strength of a
concrete mix.
The total of all the tread widths in a
TOTAL RUN stair.
A pit in a basement floor made to
collect water into which a pump is
SUMP PIT placed to pump the liquid to the
sewer pipe.
PREFABRICATION The pre-construction of components
as a part of a whole.
SKYLIGHT An opening in the roof for admitting
light.
Wood coming out from trees with
SOFTWOOD needle leaves, rather than broad
leaves.
FIREBRICK A kind of brick used for high
temperature.
A nailer strip incorporated in rough
concrete wall to be plastered to act as
PLASTER GROUND guide and support for finish trim
around openings and near the base of
the wall.
SPAN Distance between two structural
supports.
XYLEM Scientific name for wood.
MUNTIN A small member which divides the
glass or openings of sash or doors.
HIP ROOF Roof that has four sloping sides.
RIP-RAP Stone placed on a slope to prevent
erosion.
MOAT A tough used for carrying off water.
STRIPPING The process of removing concrete
forms from the cured concrete.
PURLIN A structural member spanning from
truss-to-truss or supporting rafters.
A threaded steel bent inserted of
ANCHOR BOLT masonry construction for securing
wood or metal plates to concrete
construction.
A horizontal piece of wood, stone,
steel or concrete across the top of
LINTEL door or window opening to bear the
weight of the walls above the
opening.
The placing of glass in windows or
GLAZING doors.
Another word for handmill on a stair
BANISTER construction.
LAP JOINT A joint produced by lapping two
pieces of materials.
The most common type of hinge
BUTT HINGE where one leaf attaches to the door's
edge, the other to its jamb.
GREEN LUMBER Lumber that still contains moisture or
sap.
The internal angle formed by the two
VALLEY roof slopes of a roof.
A vertical board attached on the
FACIA ends of the rafters.
SPIKE A large heavy nail.
Underwater watertight chamber to
CAISSON allow construction work to be done.
SMOOTH ON
Lumber specification S4S.
FOUR SIDES
The term used to indicate top and
CHORD lower principal member of a roof or
bridge truss.
WOOD SADDLE Strips of hardwood, usually 2x2” laid
over a concrete slab floor.
45 Miter square is a guiding and testing
tool that has a permanent blade set.
A beveled metal tongue operated by
LATCH a spring-loaded knob or lever.
COMMON WALL A wall that serves two (2) dwelling
units, known also as party wall.
The hardware on a door to
ESCUTCHEON accommodate the knob and lockset
keyhole.
The material used for the process of
making watertight the roof
FLASHING intersection and other exposed areas
on the exterior of a building.
A short wood bracket or cantilever
LOOKOUT that supports an overhang portion of
a roof.
The term to describe the putting up
FORMWORKS of the skeleton of the building.
KEYSTONE Wedge-shaped stone of an arch.