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4 views66 pages03 - RCC Module 3
This document covers the limit state design of beams in civil engineering, focusing on the behavior of RCC beams under various loads and types. It discusses different types of beams, the effects of torsion, and the design considerations for both bending and torsion, referencing IS:456-2000 for guidelines. The document also outlines the calculations for beam dimensions, load factors, and reinforcement requirements.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
4 views66 pages03 - RCC Module 3
This document covers the limit state design of beams in civil engineering, focusing on the behavior of RCC beams under various loads and types. It discusses different types of beams, the effects of torsion, and the design considerations for both bending and torsion, referencing IS:456-2000 for guidelines. The document also outlines the calculations for beam dimensions, load factors, and reinforcement requirements.
Uploaded by
ppunyacpCopyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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MODULE -3
LIMIT STATE DESIGN OF BEAMS
ee ee
3.1 INTRODUCTION
Beam is a horizontal member of structure carrying transverse loads. Beams carry the fly
slab or roof slab and transfers all the loads including its self weight (Beam Self Weight) to ty
columns or walls.
RCC beam is subjected to bending moments and shear force, [Link] the vertical extem
Joad, bending compress the top fibres of the beam and elongates the bottom fibers. The strengtho
the RCC beam depends upon the composite action of concrete and steel.
There are different types of RC beams are constructing in Civil Engineering field intermso
support conditions, i.e. Simply supported beams, cantilever beams, propped cantilever beans
over hanging beams, continuous beams and fixed beams
Following are the topics are discussed in this module
Design of Rectangular and Flanged beams
Rectangular beams
Simply ic grees
Cantilever beams
Singly reinforced beams Doubly reinforced Si
beams nly reinfored beams Doubly reinforced”
(© Scanned with OKEN Scanner T - beams
L- beams
simply supported beams .
Simply supported beams
ingly reinforced beam: ;
eee 7 Singly reinforced beams
(2) Doubly reinforced beams
SONCEPTS OF COMBINED BENDING AND TORSION
inforced concrete structural elements are subjected to torsion in addition to bending moments
ear forces depending on the loading and shape of the structural members.
enerally the torsion occurs in combination with the shear force and bending moment. Torsion
by eccentricity of loading to the axis of the structural element.
ally all beams are subjected to some torsional moment. However in many cases these
small. Normally torsion associated with flexure and shear develops in RC structures
~ beams, curved beams, circular girders, Frame structure, Grid structure. A beam with
slab, Ring beam of water tanks resting om columns.
ion produced in a beam is classified as
mary torsion or Equilibrium torsion
condary torsion or compatibility torsion
ary torsion / Equilibrium torsion
sion which can be determined only by using the static equilibrium condition is called
mary torsion. Torsion induced in beams curved in plan and subjected to gravity loads and
in beams where the transverse Joads are Eccentric with respect to the shear centre.
nple:- Small beam B, is cantilevered from Beam B,. Beam B, is considered fixed at
ms, Here negative moment of beam B, will be the tojsional moment of beam B, (Refer
3.1 (C))
torsion / Compatibility torsion : ; ,
nda pen i structural member by rotation (twist) applied at one or
ne a ee inter connected members, instead of by
point along the length of member, through
tly applied load. .
: js i {fess of the member.
ing i in this case is Pro} yrtional to the torsional stit .
g moment induced in this propo! ir value is obtained using
indeterminate and thei c is :
ese torsion are called compatibility torsion.
ically
the
moments are generally statisti
npatibility equation, this is the reason
(© Scanned with OKEN Scanner 134 Design of RC Structural Elemen,
3.2.1 Effect of torsional moment ion, if beam fails
Torsional moment induces shear stresses in the beam, because of the torsion, .
diagonal tension forming spiral cracks around the beam.
Column
TAR
(6) Ring beam of water tank
(c) Cantilever B, supported on B, —_resting on column Bi
{a)L-beam (b) Curved beam
Fig, 3.1 : Types of Elements subjected to torsion :
3.2.2 Design of beam section for Torsion
‘The simplified approach recommended by IS:456-2000 for the design of the rectangular beam
section, subjected to torsion combined with flexure and shear, does not require determination of
torsional reinforcement separately from that required for flexure and shear. Instead, the total
longitudinal reinforcement is determined for a fictitious equivalent bending moment which isa
function of flexural moment and torsion, Similarly, the transverse reinforcement is determined for
Refer IS: 456-2000 for calculation of rei
1. Shear and Torsion
2. Equivalent moment
3. Torsional reinforcement, - In the form of longitudinal bars
4. Transverse Teinforcement (stirry
t ips) - In the form of links
5. Side face Teinforcement =“
The longitudinal reinforceme; i i
| g nt helps in red
stirrups crossing the cracks resist shear i vette
inforcements, in terms of
ig the crack width throu; jon and
due to vertical loads and torsion eh coysk ection
(© Scanned with OKEN Scanner load, type of si
FP arspan (Live Toad type of supports, Grade of concret
pies secional dimension (bd and D), Area of sel ini nec!
‘cestee! [strirrups]), check for deflection control, Developme on (seat
i length (if required)
; - Rectangular beams (Simply supported and cantilever bea ti
tot erss sectional dimensions me
se depth of beam @) - (clause 23.2.1)
. eetecive depth of beam,
clear span
4 = “FO t—20 1020 — For simply supported beam
(b) Overall depth of beam: @) @)
D = Effective depth + Effective cover
ie, Dude
diameter
Effective cover, = Nominal cover +“)
. d = 50mm, Assume if not given in problem
() Breadth / Widht of beam (b)
2 <
1 i th to ar times, of effective
= 30 times of effective depth to 3a
b
2
. be 1 yd 0 ane
: 200 mm, 230 mim 250/mmmm andl 300 m0
(
L Generally Width of beams used, 150 mm,
“(etause 22.2)
I
y acy of Effective span (L) - (clause
or simply supported beam
(© Scanned with OKEN Scanner Effective span (L)
Total span (U’)
Fig. 3.2 : simply supported beam
Should be least of the following two :
(i) L=clear span (!) + bearing (wall thickness)
(ii) L=clear span (/) + effective depth (d)
(b) For cantilever beam
Column
eso
Clear span (I)
Fig. 3.3 : Cantilever beam |
ctv span (L) = clear span () + Peete depinia)
3. Load Calculation
1 Self weight of beam = b x D x RCC density —— kN/m
2. Live load (Given)
Total load, W
Factored load, W, = 1.5 x W
=—— kN/m
4. Calculation of maximum bending moment / Design moment
etl
Le —— For simply Supported beam carrying UDL
w=
,= For cantilever beam carrying UDL
(© Scanned with OKEN Scanner 20.148 fa OF Fe 250 (Mild steel)
Fe 415 (HYSD bars)
Maw
20.138 fb?
Mae
20.133f4 OF
Mon
Cr «4°
i, < 4m Hee design is safe
Hi dane Desi sno sae, revise the depth
« Calculation of main reinforcement
(@if Mu< M,,,, — section is under reinforced
Fe 500 (HYSD bars)
Hence singly reinforced section is to be designed
Refer, IS : 456-2000, G-1.1¢b)
wanna -( 24)
fabd
solve for'Ay,"
Now, Assume suitable diameter of bars
(8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 16mm, 20mm, 25mm,..-»
Area of one bat, 4 =i
Naofbars = 42 (Minimum number of bars should Be two)
rs or Anchor bars
table diameter)
Hang
(Assume
Tension bars
Calculate “A, visita
st provided
) it ay
> M,
en
= No. of bars * 4y,
section is over reinforced
be designed
Hen,
Wn Doubly reinforced section is to
ea of compression reinforcement (A,)
(© Scanned with OKEN Scanner Design of RC Structural
198
Refer IS : 456-2000, G-1.2
M,-Mu, = fedn(@-@)
M,-™,
My Mag
= 74-4)
Find
0.0035(x,,, -4)
fise,xEi where
—d' "
o39(s4, 4) $0.87, — For Fe 250 (Mild stel)
= x,
Me
where E, = young's modulus of steel = 2 x 10° N/mm?
0.0035(,, -4’)
ie
Now, €, =
Refer IS : 456 — 2000, Fig 23 A, using graph, (referring €,, value)
Find f,' for Fe 415 and For Fe500 (Refer clause 2.7, Note 3a or 3b)
Now solve for ‘Ay.’ (Area of compression reinforcement)
Assume suitable diameter of bars
(@=8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 16mm, 20mm, 25mm,
Area of one ba, = 76"
[Link] bars =“
Calculate Ay.
pt
(2) Area of tension reinforcement (A,)
Refer, IS:456:2000, G-1.1(a)
3a 8TH Ay
4 036 fybd? PAW = Ay x, =x,
,, = fab ing :
0877 > Find'A,,"
(© Scanned with OKEN Scanner tension reinforcement, A, =A, +A,
suitable diameter of bars
mm, 10mm, 2mm, 16mm, 20mm, 25mm,...)
nT
cone bar, ay = 79"
=, * calculate "Ay" = [Link] bars xa,
‘Ay (Top reinforcement)
A.(Bottom reinforcement)
of shear reinforcement - clause [Link] (a)
4
Ay > Ay,,., Hence (ok)
Ay